CN212108357U

CN212108357U - Biomass boiler

Info

Publication number: CN212108357U
Application number: CN201922295395.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 袁荣超; 张卫健; 潘绍恒; 胡丹
Original assignee: GUANGZHOU GUANGZHONG ENTERPRISE GROUP CORP
Current assignee: GUANGZHOU GUANGZHONG ENTERPRISE GROUP CORP
Priority date: 2019-12-19
Filing date: 2019-12-19
Publication date: 2020-12-08
Anticipated expiration: 2029-12-19

Abstract

The utility model discloses a biomass boiler, including furnace, high temperature over heater, low temperature over heater, convection bank, high temperature economizer, high temperature air heater, low temperature economizer and low temperature air heater set up the grate bottom furnace, the grate surface still is provided with a plurality of nozzles of blowing. The structure is simple, and the accumulated dust on the surface of the fire grate is blown off by arranging the plurality of nozzles on the surface of the fire grate, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Description

Biomass boiler

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a boiler plant specifically is a biomass burning boiler.

Background

The biomass bagasse fuel is used as a renewable energy source, and the biomass bagasse can be combusted by using a boiler to be converted into heat energy and electric energy. When the moisture content of the bagasse is high (the moisture content is lower than 50% in normal combustion, the moisture content of the bagasse is possibly higher than the value in the current process), the combustion is insufficient, unburned bagasse fibers carried in the flue gas are accumulated at an ash hopper under a convection bank, if the bagasse fibers cannot be discharged smoothly for a long time, the part of the bagasse fibers are thermally decomposed into combustible gases such as methane and hydrogen, and the danger of explosion exists when the concentration reaches a certain degree.

At present, the domestic common biomass boiler is a horizontal fixed grate type boiler, and the flue gas flow of the boiler structure is as follows: the boiler has the advantages that the boiler is simple in grate structure, ash needs to be discharged manually, and combustion efficiency is low, and the boiler is simple in grate structure. As shown in fig. 1.

A chain grate boiler is adopted abroad, and the flue gas flow of the boiler is as follows: the grate stoker is characterized by comprising a hearth (1B) → a high-temperature superheater (2B) → a low-temperature superheater (3B) → a convection bank (4B) → a high-temperature economizer (5B) → a high-temperature air preheater (6B) → a low-temperature economizer (7B) → a low-temperature air preheater (8B) → an outlet, wherein after the bagasse is combusted on the surface of the grate stoker, ash is discharged to an ash bucket through rotation of the grate stoker, and the grate stoker has high steel consumption and high construction cost. As shown in fig. 2.

In addition, the dust remover is arranged behind the smoke outlet of both the horizontal fixed grate type boiler and the chain grate type boiler, and the low-temperature air preheater is easy to accumulate and block dust, so that the smoke exhaust temperature of the boiler is high, and the smoke discharge amount of the boiler is large.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model provides a can improve boiler combustion efficiency's biomass boiler.

Biomass boiler, including furnace, set up the grate bottom furnace, the grate surface still is provided with the nozzle of blowing.

The biomass boiler is characterized in that the plurality of air blowing nozzles are arranged on the surface of the grate, so that ash of biomass bagasse burnout on the surface of the grate can be blown clean in time, the bagasse which is being combusted due to ash deposition is prevented from being extinguished, the bagasse on the surface of the grate can be stably combusted, the combustion rate of the bagasse is improved, and the incomplete combustion heat loss of the bagasse is reduced. The structure is simple, and the accumulated dust on the surface of the fire grate is blown off by arranging the plurality of nozzles on the surface of the fire grate, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a conventional domestic boiler.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a conventional foreign boiler.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of the biomass boiler of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the inner grate of the biomass boiler furnace of the utility model.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the surface structure of the inner grate of the furnace chamber of the biomass boiler of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a partially enlarged view of a-a in fig. 4.

Labeled as: 1, a hearth; 2, a high-temperature superheater; 3, a low-temperature superheater; 4, a convection bank; 5, a high-temperature economizer; 6, a high-temperature air preheater; 7, a low-temperature economizer; 8, a low-temperature air preheater; 11, a grate; 12, a nozzle; 121, a spray head; 122, a nozzle body; 13, ceramic multi-tube dust collector.

Detailed Description

As shown in figure 3, the biomass boiler is characterized in that a fire grate (11) is arranged at the bottom of a hearth (1), and a blowing nozzle (12) is further arranged on the surface of the fire grate (11). The biomass boiler is characterized in that the plurality of air blowing nozzles are arranged on the surface of the grate, so that ash burnt by bagasse on the surface of the grate can be blown clean in time, the phenomenon that the burnt bagasse is extinguished due to ash deposition is prevented, the bagasse on the surface of the grate can be stably combusted, the combustion rate of the bagasse is improved, and the incomplete combustion heat loss of the bagasse is reduced. The structure is simple, and the accumulated dust on the surface of the fire grate is blown off by arranging the plurality of nozzles on the surface of the fire grate, so that the combustion efficiency of the boiler is improved, and the cost is reduced.

As shown in figures 4 and 5, in the biomass boiler, the fire grate (11) is arranged obliquely, and the air outlet of the air blowing nozzle on the surface of the fire grate is arranged downwards along the direction of the fire grate. The ash deposition collecting device is arranged at the inclined low end of the fire grate, and the nozzle blows air towards the low end, so that the ash deposition on the surface of the fire grate can be blown to the ash deposition collecting device better, and the combustion efficiency of bagasse in the boiler is improved.

As shown in figure 6, a through hole is arranged on the fire grate (11), the nozzle (12) is L-shaped and is inserted into the through hole, the air outlet of the nozzle is arranged along the direction of the fire grate, the body of the nozzle passes through the through hole, the part of the body, which passes through the through hole, is provided with threads, and the nut is suspended on the part of the body, which passes through the through hole, so that the nozzle is fixed on the fire grate. The nozzle of the nozzle is arranged in an L shape, so that the direction of the air outlet of the nozzle is horizontally arranged with the surface of the fire grate, the air blown out of the nozzle can be blown along the surface of the fire grate, and the air outlet of the nozzle can be prevented from being plugged by ash deposition burnt at the upper part; through installing nozzle detachable on the grate surface, make things convenient for the later maintenance to trade and repair.

The biomass boiler is characterized in that nine areas in a nine-grid type are distributed on the surface of the fire grate (11), wherein each area is provided with a plurality of nozzles (12), and the nozzles are distributed in a rectangular shape. The nozzle (12) is filled with gas through a pipeline, and the pipeline is opened and closed under the control of an electromagnetic valve, so that the gas can be intermittently blown out of the nozzle. The gas in the pipeline can be controlled by the solenoid valve to be discontinuously blown out from the nozzle gas outlet, so that the nozzles in each area are respectively controlled to blow and sweep the deposited dust on the surface of the fire grate, the nozzles in each area work in sequence, and the bagasse on the surface of the fire grate can be always kept on fire and not extinguished.

The biomass boiler comprises a low-temperature superheater (3) arranged in the boiler, wherein the nozzle (12) is communicated with the low-temperature superheater (3) through a pipeline, a pressure reducing valve is arranged on the pipeline, and steam in the low-temperature superheater can be blown out from the nozzle after being subjected to pressure reduction. The steam of the low-temperature superheater is conveyed to the nozzle through a pipeline, the temperature of the steam is between 250 ℃ and 350 ℃, the high-temperature steam is used for sweeping and depositing ash, the temperature of the surface of the grate can be kept not to be reduced, the combustion efficiency of bagasse on the surface of the grate can be improved, the steam of the low-temperature superheater is reasonably utilized, and the cost is lower.

The biomass boiler further comprises a low-temperature air preheater (8) arranged at the outlet of the boiler and a low-temperature economizer (7) arranged in front of the low-temperature air preheater (8), wherein a ceramic multi-tube dust remover (13) is arranged between the low-temperature economizer (7) and the low-temperature air preheater (8), and the ceramic multi-tube dust remover is arranged in a steel frame of the boiler body. Through setting up ceramic multitube dust remover at low temperature economizer and low temperature air heater, can remove dust in the boiler, reduce the interior pipeline deposition of low temperature air heater and block up, reduce boiler smoke and dust emission.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a biomass boiler, includes furnace (1), its characterized in that sets up grate (11) in furnace (1) bottom, grate (11) surface still is provided with blowing nozzle (12), still includes low temperature over heater (3) at boiler internally mounted, nozzle (12) pass through the pipeline and communicate with low temperature over heater (3), be provided with the relief pressure valve on the pipeline, steam in the low temperature over heater can blow off from the nozzle after the decompression.

2. The biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate (11) is arranged obliquely, and the air outlet of the air blowing nozzles on the surface of the grate is arranged downwards along the grate.

3. The biomass boiler according to claim 1, wherein the grate (11) is provided with through holes, the nozzles (12) are L-shaped and inserted into the through holes, the air outlets are arranged along the direction of the grate, the body of the body passes through the through holes, the part of the body which passes through the through holes is provided with threads, and nuts are suspended on the threads to fix the nozzles on the grate.

4. Biomass boiler according to claim 1, characterized in that the grate (11) is distributed in nine zones of a grid pattern, wherein each zone is provided with a plurality of nozzles (12) which are distributed in a rectangular pattern.

5. The biomass boiler according to claim 3, characterized in that the nozzle (12) is supplied with gas through a pipe, and the pipe is opened and closed under the control of a solenoid valve, so that the gas can be intermittently blown out of the nozzle.

6. The biomass boiler according to claim 1, further comprising a low-temperature air preheater (8) installed at the outlet of the boiler and a low-temperature coal economizer (7) installed in front of the low-temperature air preheater (8), wherein a ceramic multi-tube dust remover (13) is arranged between the low-temperature coal economizer (7) and the low-temperature air preheater (8) and is installed in a steel frame of the boiler body.