CN212038534U - A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guiding functions - Google Patents

Abstract

An endotracheal intubation device having shielding and magneto-optical guidance functions, comprising: tracheal intubation; the magneto-optical guide sleeve comprises a sleeve, wherein the front end of the sleeve is provided with an internal permanent magnet and an LED light source, an optical fiber channel and a wire guide channel which are hollow along the axial direction are arranged in the sleeve, and an optical fiber passes through the optical fiber channel to conduct the LED light source and a power supply in a power supply box; the external guide permanent magnet is used for guiding the motion of the internal permanent magnet in vitro by utilizing magnetic force; and the guide wire is respectively used for penetrating through the guide wire channel and the trachea cannula at different stages to realize the guiding and positioning of the trachea cannula. The invention is suitable for rescue sites with insufficient medical equipment, effectively avoids the defects that the traditional trachea cannula cannot judge the level of the cannula and is easy to be inserted into the esophagus by mistake, avoids the damage of repeated cannula to the throat, respiratory tract tissues and mucous membranes of patients or wounded persons, reduces complications such as bleeding and edema, effectively shortens the cannula inserting time, has low technical requirement on operators, is simple and convenient in the cannula inserting process, and is simple and easy to operate again.

Description

A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guiding functions

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical devices, and in particular relates to a tracheal intubation device with magneto-optical guidance and protective functions for medical staff, which is suitable for first aid of critically ill patients and general anesthesia patients.

Background technique

Tracheal intubation refers to placing a special catheter into the trachea through the glottis under direct vision, which can timely suck out tracheal secretions or foreign bodies, prevent aspiration, restore and maintain airway patency and oxygen supply, and perform effective manual or mechanical procedures. Ventilation and provide basic conditions for general anesthesia during surgery. Endotracheal intubation technology in emergency situations has become an important measure in the process of cardiopulmonary resuscitation and the rescue of critically ill patients with respiratory dysfunction, which plays a vital role in saving the lives of patients and reducing the fatality rate.

However, traditional tracheal intubation has many limitations. In some emergency situations, the patient or the injured may block the airway due to upper respiratory tract secretions, gastric contents reflux or bleeding, etc., which cannot be cleared in time and affect the field of vision, or there is no throat at the rescue site. In addition, in some infants and young children, due to the dysplasia of the glottis and tracheal cartilage or the small local anatomical structure, the existing tracheal intubation equipment is insufficiently designed, or the rescuer's tracheal intubation technology Due to limited experience and other reasons, it is difficult to accurately insert the catheter into the trachea in a short period of time using traditional tracheal intubation, which will inevitably lead to severe hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention in the vital organs of the patient or the injured, and some patients may even cause irreversible brain damage or endangerment. life, with serious consequences. Therefore, whether the tracheal intubation is timely is directly related to the success of the rescue, whether the patient can be safely transported, the operation and the prognosis of the patient. These shortcomings are still affecting various occasions for rescuing patients. But so far, apart from the traditional tracheal intubation method, there is no tracheal intubation device suitable for emergency rescue and easy operation under various conditions, resulting in some patients being disabled or even dying due to tracheal intubation failure.

In addition, under the current technical conditions of intubation, medical personnel must directly observe or observe the process of tracheal intubation through a video laryngoscope. During the intubation process, laryngeal stimulation induces the choking reflex, and the droplets with germs may be inhaled by medical personnel. , there is a risk of medical staff being infected.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a magnetic and light-guided tracheal intubation device suitable for various emergency situations. Under the guidance of the external magnet, the intubation head end with permanent magnet extends along the front wall of the respiratory tract and smoothly passes through the vocal cords and enters the trachea. At the same time, the skin on the neck surface can follow the LED light source at the front of the intubation tube to display the accuracy of the intubation. The position of the intubation head is helpful to determine the actual horizontal position of the intubation head in the respiratory tract, avoiding the disadvantages of traditional tracheal intubation, such as poor visual field, tissue damage, laryngeal edema and bleeding caused by blind intubation. For patients with complicated and critically ill patients with tracheal obstruction caused by bleeding, etc., it is more advantageous to use this device. The intubation is quick and intuitive, which avoids the difficulty of traditional intubation and high technical requirements, resulting in long-term hypoxia and delayed treatment. . During this process, the medical staff only needs to insert the head end of the intubation into the deep oral cavity, guide the magnetic guide core at the head end of the endotracheal intubation through the magnetic force of the neck and observe the movement of the light spot on the neck to complete the intubation process. And during this operation, an umbrella-shaped partition curtain can be loaded around the guide core of the endotracheal intubation to prevent the spread of medical staff during choking.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

An endotracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guiding functions, comprising:

tracheal tube 12;

The magneto-optical guide sleeve includes a sleeve 3, the front end of the sleeve 3 is provided with an internal permanent magnet 1 and an LED light source 2, and a hollow optical fiber channel 8 and a guide wire channel 9 are arranged in the sleeve 3 along the axial direction. The fiber 4 passes through the optical fiber channel 8, and conducts the power supply in the LED light source 2 and the power supply box 5;

The external guide permanent magnet is used to use the magnetic force to guide the movement of the internal permanent magnet 1 outside the body;

The guide wire 7 is respectively used to pass through the guide wire channel 9 and the tracheal cannula 12 at different stages to realize the guiding and positioning of the tracheal cannula 12 .

Preferably, the endotracheal cannula 12 is an organic material pipe with a cavity 17 in the center, and an inflation valve 13 communicated with the airbag 15 on the front and outer walls of the endotracheal cannula 12 through the pipe 14 on the side.

Preferably, the internal permanent magnet 1 is in the shape of a water drop.

Preferably, the internal permanent magnet 1 and the sleeve 3 are linked together by industrial processing, the LED light source 2 is built in the internal permanent magnet 1, the internal permanent magnet 1 has a central aperture, and the optical fiber 4 passes through the optical fiber. The channel 8 enters the central aperture and is connected with the LED light source 2. There is an aperture opening above the permanent magnet 1 in the body, so that light can be emitted.

Preferably, the LED light source 2 adopts a color light source.

Preferably, the LED light source 2 adopts a red light source.

Preferably, the external guide permanent magnet is composed of an external permanent magnet 10 with a long straight arc plate structure and a convex handle 11. The concave surface of the external permanent magnet 10 is adapted to the curvature of the front of the neck and is compatible with the front end pole of the internal permanent magnet 1. Sex is the opposite.

Preferably, the power box 5 is provided with a finger-shaped key 6 .

Preferably, the guide wire 7 is an impermeable steel wire, and the front end thereof is provided with a flexible organic material.

Preferably, the external permanent magnet 10 and the internal permanent magnet 1 are both NdFeB alloys.

Preferably, the present invention further includes an umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 for covering the patient's face, and the top of the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 has a through hole 22 through which the tracheal intubation tube 12 or the cannula 3 passes.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

1. Select a magneto-optical guide endotracheal intubation device with a suitable size according to the physical condition and tracheal diameter of the patient to be intubated, and use the permanent magnet located in front of the neck of the human body to attract, so that the magneto-optical guide endotracheal intubation device at the front end. The teardrop-shaped permanent magnet structure smoothly enters the trachea located in front of the neck to avoid entering the esophagus and causing gastric contents to flow back into the trachea. At the same time, the red light emitted by the LED light at the front of the tracheal intubation device can be guided by the magneto-optical light under the skin in front of the neck. The light-transmitting position can directly judge the depth of the catheter end in the trachea, so as to avoid insufficient depth of trachea insertion or too deep position to affect ventilation. This kind of design is aimed at patients whose respiratory tract is divided or blocked by bleeding, patients who are difficult to perform tracheal intubation accurately due to lack of equipment such as laryngoscopes in rescue places, and some infants and young children due to laryngeal edema or tracheal dysplasia. It is difficult to locate accurately. The use of magneto-optical guided endotracheal intubation device can avoid the interference of respiratory secretions or bleeding and other factors, and the use of external permanent magnet guidance to successfully complete endotracheal intubation in emergency and special circumstances, especially in infants and young children with thin neck tissue Tender, the red light of the LED light at the front end of the tracheal intubation device using magneto-optical guidance can clearly show whether the intubation position is correct, avoiding complications such as laryngeal edema, tissue damage and oozing caused by repeated intubation, so as to quickly and effectively establish airway ventilation, Restore oxygen supply, avoid tissue and organ hypoxia and carbon dioxide retention, avoid brain damage, save lives, achieve safe transport and timely surgery, and improve patient outcomes.

2. The front end of the magneto-optical guide device is a drop-shaped permanent magnet. The surface is coated with zirconium nitride to make it have good biocompatibility. The drop-shaped shape design can minimize the obstruction and friction in the process of entering the trachea. Under the guidance of the magnetic field of the external permanent magnet in front of the neck, the front end of the magneto-optical guide device can smoothly enter the airway located in front of the anatomical position of the neck at the boundary between the respiratory tract and the digestive tract, and move to the depth of the respiratory tract with the movement of the external magnet. It plays a good guiding role and effectively avoids the disadvantages of traditional tracheal intubation, which is easy to be mistakenly inserted into the esophagus and repeated intubation to cause tissue damage.

3. The drop-shaped magnet at the front end of the magneto-optical guide sleeve is embedded with an LED light source, which is connected to the battery box at the end of the magneto-optical guide device through a thin wire. The battery box is powered by a common battery. Control the LED light source, because the concave design light source has a certain concentrating effect, when the magneto-optical guide cannula enters the throat, turn on the power, the red light emitted by the light source can penetrate the anterior neck tissue and form a red color in the skin projection area According to the position of the light spot, the position of the front end of the cannula can be judged, and the cannula can be effectively guided in the trachea to the proper intubation position by adjusting the position of the external permanent magnet in front of the neck. This magneto-optical guidance method is suitable for any rescue scene with insufficient medical equipment. It is not disturbed by respiratory secretions or bleeding. It effectively avoids the disadvantages of traditional tracheal intubation, which cannot judge the level of intubation and is easily inserted into the esophagus by mistake, and avoids repeated intubation. It can damage the throat and respiratory tract tissues and mucous membranes of patients or wounded, reduce complications such as bleeding and edema, effectively shorten the intubation time, low technical requirements for the operator, simple and convenient intubation process, and simple and easy reoperation.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a magneto-optical guide device of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the tracheal intubation with balloon of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a tile-shaped permanent magnet of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the umbrella-shaped transparent cover of the present invention.

5 is a schematic structural diagram of an additional umbrella-shaped transparent cover for the magneto-optical guide device of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an additional umbrella-shaped transparent cover for the tracheal intubation with balloon according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a state where the magneto-optical guiding device of the present invention intends to enter the trachea under the positioning of the light source and the guidance of an external magnet.

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the magneto-optical guide device of the present invention under the positioning of the light source and the guidance of an external magnet to enter the trachea (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

9 is a schematic diagram of the state of the magneto-optical guide device of the present invention successfully entering the upper segment of the trachea over the glottis under the positioning of the light source and the guidance of an external magnet.

10 is a schematic diagram of the state of the magneto-optical guide device of the present invention successfully entering the upper trachea through the glottis under the positioning of the light source and the guidance of an external magnet (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the state in which the guide wire enters the trachea from the lumen of the cannula after the magneto-optical guiding device of the present invention enters the trachea.

12 is a schematic diagram of the state in which the guide wire enters the trachea from the lumen of the cannula after the magneto-optical guide device of the present invention enters the trachea (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the present invention, in which the magneto-optical guide device is withdrawn from the airway, and only the guide wire is left to enter the trachea.

Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the magneto-optical guide device is withdrawn from the airway, and only the guide wire is left to enter the trachea (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

Figure 15 is a schematic diagram of the state of the tracheal intubation tube of the present invention being successfully inserted into the trachea along the guide wire.

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the state of the tracheal intubation tube of the present invention being successfully inserted into the trachea along the guide wire (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the state of successful tracheal intubation after the guide wire of the present invention is withdrawn.

Figure 18 is a schematic diagram of the state of successful tracheal intubation after the guide wire of the present invention is withdrawn (using an umbrella-shaped transparent cover).

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.

Referring to Fig. 1, a tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guiding functions of the present invention includes:

The tracheal intubation tube 12, whose structure is shown in FIG. 2, is a general balloon tracheal intubation tube structure, the main body is an organic material (such as polypropylene) pipeline with a cavity 17 in the center, and the side has a passing pipeline 14 and an endotracheal intubation tube 12. The inflation valve 13 communicated with the front and outer sidewall airbags 15 .

The magneto-optical guide sleeve includes a sleeve 3, the front end of the sleeve 3 is provided with an internal permanent magnet 1 and an LED light source 2, and a hollow optical fiber channel 8 and a guide wire channel 9 are arranged in the sleeve 3 along the axial direction. The fiber 4 passes through the optical fiber channel 8, and conducts the power supply in the LED light source 2 and the power supply box 5, wherein the power supply box 5 is provided with a finger-shaped key 6 to control the power supply circuit on and off.

The external guide permanent magnet is used to guide the movement of the internal permanent magnet 1 using magnetic force outside the body. One of its structural forms is shown in Figure 3. The external permanent magnet 10 with a long straight arc plate structure (ie tile-shaped) and its convex surface The concave surface of the external permanent magnet 10 is adapted to the curvature of the front of the neck and is opposite to the front end of the internal permanent magnet 1.

The guide wire 7 is used to pass through the guide wire channel 9 and the tracheal cannula 12 at different stages to realize the guiding and positioning of the tracheal cannula 12 .

In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1 in the body can be in the shape of a water drop, and the surface is plated with zirconium nitride.

According to the age of the applicable human body and the diameter of the trachea, the permanent magnet 1 in the body is designed to have a length of about 5-10 mm, a width of about 3-6 mm, and a thickness of about 3-6 mm. The LED light source 2 is built into the permanent magnet 1 in the body, and a color light source, especially a red light source, is used. The intensity is not specified. According to the light intensity used in normal life, it can be observed and measured in vitro. Reference can be made to the laparoscopic light source.

In this embodiment, both the internal permanent magnet 1 and the external permanent magnet 10 can be NdFeB alloys. The magnetic field strength of the internal permanent magnet 1 is about 1000-3000 Gs, and the magnetic field strength of the external permanent magnet 10 is about 2000 Gs.

In this embodiment, the permanent magnet 1 in the body has a central aperture, which is similar to a tunnel-like structure. The front end can be designed in the shape of a horn to achieve a concave light-concentrating effect. The optical fiber 4 enters the central aperture through the optical fiber channel 8, and the LED light source 2 associated. There is an aperture opening above the permanent magnet 1 in the body, so that light can be emitted.

In this embodiment, the internal permanent magnet 1 and the sleeve 3 are linked together by industrial processing. For example, a thin organic capsule-like structure can be processed in front of the sleeve 3, and the internal permanent magnet 1 is embedded in the capsule. However, the upper edge of the capsule bag needs to have an opening so that the light source can pass through.

The working principle of the present invention is as follows: the tracheal intubation tube 12 is guided into the trachea by the force of the magnetic field, and the correct intubation position is judged and positioned through the light spot formed on the skin by the light source, so as to avoid accidental damage, thereby simplifying the tracheal intubation process and making the operation simple Easy to do.

In another embodiment of the present invention, an umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 can also be added, and a through hole 22 is opened in the center of the top of the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21, and its structure is shown in FIG. 4 . The umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is used in conjunction with the aforementioned tracheal intubation device. Specifically, the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 covers the patient's face when in use, and its bottom size should be larger than the face, and the top size should have a certain height, so as not to touch the patient's facial organs, so as to prevent the patient from touching the patient's face. Comfort is appropriate. The cannula 3 or the tracheal cannula 12 is passed through 22, as shown in Figures 5 and 6, and then inserted into the patient's trachea. The umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 can prevent the droplets from spreading to the medical staff when the patient is coughing.

Specifically, the working process of the present invention is as follows:

First, the relative position of the magneto-optical guiding sleeve in the human throat is shown in FIG. 7 (when an umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is added, as shown in FIG. 8 ), the medical staff controls the external permanent magnet 10 on the neck by holding the handle 11 At the position of the magneto-optical guide tube at the front of the pharynx, the permanent magnet 1 in the droplet shape is guided by the magnetic field force into the entrance of the trachea in front of the epiglottis.

Next, referring to FIG. 9 (when the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is added, refer to FIG. 10 ), the external guide magnet 10 is controlled to move to the front and bottom of the neck. After the photo-magnetic light guide sleeve enters the throat, the red light emitted by the LED light source 2 is directed. The red light spot can be formed on the skin by penetrating the tissue in front of the neck. At this time, the position and movement of the permanent magnet 1 in the body can be judged by the red light source transmitted through the skin in front of the neck. Under the force of the magnetic field, the drop-shaped magnet 1 pulls the magneto-optical guide cannula to cross the glottis 19 and enter the trachea 20. At this time, the specific position of the top of the magneto-optical guide cannula in the trachea can be determined through the light spot penetrated by the skin, and the The tip of the cannula can be brought to a suitable position in the trachea by moving the external permanent magnet 10 and pushing the cannula 3 .

Next, referring to FIG. 11 (when the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is added, refer to FIG. 12 ), the guide wire 7 is inserted deep into the trachea through the guide wire channel 9. Since the front end of the guide wire 7 is a soft tip, the tracheal mucosa tissue will not be damaged.

Then, referring to FIG. 13 (when the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is added, refer to FIG. 14 ), keep the position of the guide wire 7 fixed, withdraw the magneto-optical guide sleeve backward, and only keep the guide wire 7 in the trachea 20 .

Then, referring to FIG. 15 (when the umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21 is added, refer to FIG. 16 ), insert the external end of the guide wire 7 into the front end opening 18 of the tracheal cannula 12 , so that the tracheal cannula 12 enters the trachea 20 along the guide wire 7 Inside.

Finally, referring to Figure 17 (when adding an umbrella-shaped transparent cover 21, refer to Figure 18), keep the endotracheal intubation tube 12 in a proper position in the trachea, and withdraw the guide wire 7 from the end 16 of the endotracheal intubation tube 12 to complete the endotracheal intubation.

It can be seen from the above that the device of the present invention is suitable for any rescue scene with insufficient medical equipment, avoids the disadvantages that the traditional tracheal intubation cannot judge the level of intubation and is easily inserted into the esophagus by mistake, thereby avoiding the long-term repeated trial intubation. Damage and irritation of wall tissue and mucous membranes and prolonged hypoxia cause irreversible damage, avoid complications such as bleeding and edema, quickly establish a breathing channel, effectively shorten intubation time, restore oxygen supply, low technical requirements for operators, and intubation process It is simple and convenient, and the reoperation is simple and easy.

Claims (10)

1. An endotracheal intubation device having protective and magneto-optical guidance features, comprising:

an endotracheal tube (12);

the magneto-optical guide sleeve comprises a sleeve (3), wherein an in-vivo permanent magnet (1) and an LED light source (2) are arranged at the front end of the sleeve (3), an optical fiber channel (8) and a guide wire channel (9) which are hollow along the axial direction are arranged in the sleeve (3), and an optical fiber (4) passes through the optical fiber channel (8) to conduct the LED light source (2) and a power supply in a power supply box (5);

the external guide permanent magnet is used for guiding the motion of the internal permanent magnet (1) in vitro by utilizing magnetic force;

the guide wire (7) is respectively used for passing through the guide wire channel (9) and the trachea cannula (12) at different stages to realize the guiding and positioning of the trachea cannula (12).

2. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1, wherein the tracheal intubation (12) is a tube of organic material with a central cavity (17), and an inflation valve (13) is arranged on the side of the tracheal intubation (12) and communicated with the air bag (15) on the outer side wall of the front end of the tracheal intubation (12) through a tube (14).

3. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1, wherein said permanent magnet (1) in vivo is drop-shaped and coated with zirconium nitride.

4. The endotracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1, characterized in that said internal permanent magnet (1) is linked to the cannula (3) by industrial processes, the LED light source (2) is built in said internal permanent magnet (1), said internal permanent magnet (1) has a central aperture in which the optical fiber (4) enters through the optical fiber channel (8) to be associated with the LED light source (2), and there is an aperture opening above the internal permanent magnet (1) to facilitate the exit of light.

5. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1 or 4, wherein the LED light source (2) is a colored light source.

6. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 5, wherein said LED light source (2) is a red light source.

7. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1, wherein the permanent magnet for external guidance consists of a permanent magnet (10) for external guidance with a long straight arc plate structure and a handle (11) with a convex surface, and the concave surface of the permanent magnet (10) for external guidance is adapted to the radian of the surface of the front neck and has opposite polarity to the front end of the permanent magnet (1) for internal guidance.

8. A tracheal intubation device according to claim 7, wherein said external permanent magnet (10) and said internal permanent magnet (1) are made of Nd-Fe-B alloy.

9. A tracheal intubation device with protection and magneto-optical guidance according to claim 1, wherein the guide wire (7) is a non-permeable steel wire, the front end of which is provided with a flexible organic material.

10. A tracheal intubation device according to claim 1, further comprising an umbrella-shaped transparent cover (21) for covering the face of the patient, wherein the umbrella-shaped transparent cover (21) has a through hole (22) at the top for passing the gas supply tube (12) or the cannula (3).

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