CN211960151U - A device for picking and separating peanut seedlings for peanut harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester, which belongs to the technical field of peanut harvesters. Grate-comb type fruit picking device: the left side wall, right side wall and the rear end of the bottom wall of the front fruit picking trough body are respectively connected with the left side wall, right side wall and the front end of the bottom wall of the rear fruit picking trough body; Flotation type fruit seedling separation device: the rear end of the left side wall, right side wall and bottom wall of the front separation screen tank body are respectively connected with the left side wall, right side wall and the front end of the bottom wall of the rear separation screen tank body Peanut and fruit seedling picking and separating device: the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel, the right side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel and the rear end of the bottom wall of the peanut seedling picking channel are separated from the The left side wall of the seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel are connected. It has the characteristics of clean fruit picking, low husk broken rate and high working efficiency. It is applicable to both dry and wet stems of peanut seedlings.

Description

A device for picking and separating peanut seedlings for peanut harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of peanut harvesters.

Background technique

Peanuts are widely grown in my country, and peanut harvesters play an important role in the peanut harvesting process. The peanut harvester currently used generally adopts the method of beating the fruit to pick off the peanut fruit, and drives the peanut seedling to rotate at a high speed through the rotating device. The effect of gravity is separated from the peanut seedlings, the fallen peanut fruit and broken leaves fall into the fruit collection bin at the bottom, and the peanut seedlings are thrown out from the peanut seedling discharge port with the rotation of the rotating device. This kind of fruit picking method has certain strength requirements for the peanut seedlings to be beaten on the mesh support, and requires some small brute force, so there are certain requirements for the rotation speed and power of the rotating device. Avoid hitting directly on the mesh support, which will easily cause the husk to break. Because the peanut kernels lose the protection of the husk, they are prone to mildew and deterioration in the later stage, thus affecting the quality of peanut harvesting. The required force is different, and the requirements for the rotation speed of the rotating device are also different. If the rotation speed is too large, it is easy to cause the fruit shell to break. If the rotation force is too small, the fruit picking rate will be affected. Therefore, there are peanut harvesters that adopt the beating separation method. The husk breakage rate is high, the fruit picking rate is greatly affected by the dry humidity of peanut seedlings, and the fruit picking performance is unstable.

Utility model content

The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester, which has the characteristics of clean fruit picking, low husk breakage rate and high working efficiency. It is applicable to both dry and wet stems of peanut seedlings.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the present utility model is:

A peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester, comprising a grate-comb-type fruit-picking device and a flotation-type fruit-seedling separating device, wherein the grate-comb-type fruit picking device includes more than two fruit picking mechanisms;

The fruit picking mechanism includes a frame, a fruit picking roller and a fruit picking trough. The fruit picking roller includes a fruit picking roller drum. The fruit picking roller moving teeth are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller drum. On the left and right sides of the frame, the fruit picking rollers are provided with the fruit picking roller drive connection parts, the fruit picking trough includes the fruit picking trough body and the fixed teeth, the fruit picking trough body is located at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, the left side wall of the fruit picking trough body and the fruit picking trough The right side wall of the trough body is respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack, and at least one row of fixed teeth is arranged on the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body, and the fixed teeth are from the left side wall of the fruit picking trough body to the fruit picking trough. The right side wall of the body is arranged at intervals along the axis direction of the rotating shaft of the fruit picking roller, and the gaps between the fruit picking roller moving teeth and the fixed teeth of the fruit picking roller correspond to each other;

The combination of two or more fruit picking mechanisms constituting the grate-comb fruit picking device is as follows: the left side wall of the front fruit picking trough body, the right side wall of the fruit picking trough body and the rear end of the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body are respectively connected to the rear. The left side wall of the fruit picking trough body, the right side wall of the fruit picking trough body and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body are connected, and the connected fruit picking trough bodies form the peanut seedlings of the comb-type fruit picking device. The left side wall of the fruit picking trough body is connected together, the right side wall of the fruit picking trough body and the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body respectively form the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel. The right side wall of the picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut fruit picking channel, the fruit picking roller teeth of two adjacent fruit picking rollers are embedded in each other's gaps when the connecting line positions of their fruit picking roller drum axes intersect each other, so as to Make each fruit picking roller close the peanut seedlings from the upper part of the channel, so that the peanut seedlings are relatively closed from the channel;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission and connection parts of the fruit picking rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that the fruit picking rollers run in the same direction. , Each fruit-picking roller tooth passes through the gap between the fixed teeth, so as to produce a splitting effect on the peanut seedlings in the opposite direction, so as to pull the peanut fruit from the peanut seedlings;

The flotation type fruit seedling separation device includes more than two flotation mechanisms;

The flotation mechanism includes a frame, a fruit seedling separation roller and a grooved peanut separation screen. The fruit and seedling separation roller has the same structure as the fruit picking roller: the fruit and seedling separation roller includes a fruit and seedling separation roller drum, and the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separation roller is uniform. The moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separation roller are supported on the left and right sides of the frame respectively through the left and right ends of the rotating shaft of the fruit and seedling separation roller. The trough peanut separation screen is located at the bottom of the fruit seedling separation roller. The trough peanut separation screen includes a separation screen groove body. The bottom wall of the separation screen groove body is a screen for screening peanuts. The left side of the groove type peanut separation screen groove body The wall and the right side wall of the trough type peanut separating sieve body are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the frame;

The connection mode of two or more flotation mechanisms constituting the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is: the left side wall of the front separation screen tank body, the right side wall of the separation screen tank body and the rear end of the bottom wall of the separation screen tank body The left side wall of the following separation screen tank body, the right side wall of the separation screen tank body and the front end of the bottom wall of the separation screen tank body are respectively connected, and each separation screen tank body connected together forms a flotation type The fruit and seedling separation channel of the fruit and seedling separation device, the left side wall of the separation screen groove body connected together, the right side wall of the separation screen groove body and the bottom wall of the separation screen groove body respectively form the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, The right side wall of the fruit-seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of the fruit-seedling separation channel; the moving teeth of the fruit-seedling separation rollers of the adjacent two fruit-seedling separation rollers are embedded in each other when the connecting lines of the axes of the rollers of the fruit-seedling separation rollers intersect each other. The gap between each other, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers close the upper part of the fruit and seedling separation channel, so that the fruit and seedling separation channel is relatively closed;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission and connection parts of the fruit and seedling separation rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers run in the same direction. The front is dragged to the rear, so that the peanuts and peanuts that are in the separated state are stirred and transported to the rear end in a tossing and rotating state. outlet discharge;

The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device is mainly composed of a grate-comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and a flotation-type fruit seedling separating device at the back end connected together in the following ways: The right side wall of the channel and the rear end of the bottom wall of the peanut and seedling separation channel are respectively in line with the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel. It is connected to form a peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channel. The fruit picking roller moving teeth of the rearmost fruit picking roller in the grate-comb fruit picking device and the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth of the front fruit seedling separating roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separating device are in the same position. When the connecting line positions of the axes of the drum shafts intersect, they are embedded in each other's gaps, so that each fruit picking roller and each fruit seedling separation roller close the upper part of the peanut seedling picking separation channel, so that the peanut seedling fruit picking separation channel is relatively closed. .

The utility model is further improved by:

The uniform distribution of the fruit-picking roller teeth on the outer surface of the fruit-picking roller drum is as follows: the fruit-picking roller moving teeth are equally spaced along the circumference of the fruit-picking roller drum to form each circumferential fruit-picking roller moving tooth group, and the fruit-picking roller moving teeth are along the fruit-picking roller. The drums are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction to form each radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group, and each circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth group is formed by the fruit picking roller moving teeth in the spaced radial fruit picking roller moving tooth groups on the circumferential direction of the fruit picking roller drum. A row is formed, the fruit picking roller teeth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the fruit picking roller teeth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth group are arranged in the radial direction. The positions correspond to the gaps of the fixed teeth, and the radial arrangement spacing of the fruit picking roller teeth in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth group is the dynamic spacing of the fruit picking roller teeth; The uniform distribution method of the outer surface of the roller is as follows: the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separation rollers are arranged in equal intervals along the circumference of the fruit and seedling separation roller to form a group of moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separation rollers in each circumferential direction, and the moving teeth of each fruit and seedling separation roller are separated along the fruit seedlings. The rollers are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction to form each radial fruit and seedling separation roller tooth group. It is formed in a circle on the circumference of the fruit-seedling separation roller, and the fruit-seedling-separating roller moving teeth in each adjacent radial fruit-seedling separation roller tooth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement spacing is the fruit-seedling separation roller Tooth dynamic spacing.

The bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body of each fruit picking mechanism is the bottom wall of the arc body, and the bottom wall of the arc body is concentric with the corresponding drum; the fixed teeth in each fruit picking mechanism are inclined backward, and are provided with tilt angle adjustment. Structure: each row of fixed teeth is fixed on each fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft at intervals, the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft is located under the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough body, and the left and right ends of the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft are respectively connected with the left and right ends of the rack. The right side is rotated and connected, and the bottom wall of the fruit picking trough is horizontally arranged with strip-shaped holes for sieving out the soil, and each fixed tooth extends from the bottom through the strip-shaped holes on the bottom wall of the fruit-picking trough. Inside the groove cavity of the groove body, the angle adjustment handle is radially fixed at the end of the angle adjustment shaft of the fixed tooth, the angle adjustment handle is provided with a positioning hole, and the frame is provided with a plurality of positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle For the corresponding angle adjustment holes, when the pins are inserted into the different angle adjustment holes through the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle, each fixed tooth corresponds to different inclination angles respectively.

The bottom wall of the separation screen tank body of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall of the separation screen tank body is coaxial with the corresponding drum, and the bottom wall of the separation screen tank body is fixed on the frame by springs.

The grate-comb fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the peanut and fruit picking channel of the grate-comb fruit picking device is inclined upward from front to back; the flotation-type fruit and seedling separation device is composed of four flotation mechanisms. Formed, the fruit seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is horizontally arranged.

The fruit picking roller teeth, the fixed teeth and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth in each fruit picking mechanism are elastic teeth. The elastic teeth are formed by extending the end part of the coil spring to the vertical direction of its axial direction. It is parallel to the axis line of each drum, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the front and rear directions of the circumference of the drum to which they are fixed, and the fruit picking roller teeth and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth are inclined to the opposite direction of the drum rotation.

The fruit picking rollers and the fruit seedling separation rollers are hollow structure drums; the dynamic spacing of the fruit picking rollers in each grate-comb-type fruit picking device gradually decreases from front to back; the fruit and seedling separation rollers in each flotation type fruit seedling separation The dynamic spacing gradually decreases from front to back.

The beneficial effects produced by the above technical solutions are:

Grate-comb fruit picking device:

The utility model designs a grate-comb-type fruit picking device according to the characteristic that the peanut seedlings are soft and vine-like with toughness, while the peanut fruit is in a relatively large granular shape, so that the peanut fruit can be picked off by the grate-comb-type fruit picking method. The device is composed of more than two fruit picking mechanisms. When the peanut seedlings enter the peanut seedling fruit picking channel formed by the grate-comb fruit picking device, because the upper, lower, left and right sides of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel are relatively closed, each fruit picking device is closed. Driven by the transmission device, the rollers run in the same direction, so that the fruit-picking roller teeth run in the same direction from front to back in the peanut seedling and fruit picking channel, pulling the peanut seedlings from the front to the back, because the peanut seedlings are soft branches with toughness In the process of backward conveying, it will be wrapped around the moving teeth of the fruit picking roller. When each moving tooth of the fruit picking roller passes through the gap between the fixed teeth, the fixed teeth on both sides of the moving teeth of the fruit picking roller will squeeze the peanut seedlings. Pressing and tearing in the opposite direction, because the peanut fruit is larger in size and attached to the more flexible peanut seedling, during the extrusion process, the peanut fruit will be squeezed out from the inside of the peanut seedling. During the process, the peanut fruit outside the peanut seedling and the peanut fruit extruded from the inside of the peanut seedling are attached (supported) on the peanut seedling, and generate force when they contact the fixed teeth of the fruit picking roller, so that the fixed teeth of the fruit picking roller are opposite. The peanut fruit produces a reaction force, and the peanut fruit is picked off from the peanut seedling. Because the grate-comb fruit picking device is vigorously kneaded and has a direct effect during the fruit picking process, the stems of the peanut seedlings will not be affected regardless of whether they are dry or wet during the fruit picking process. To a large extent, the crushing rate of the fruit shell is reduced; because the fruit picking roller teeth are radially arranged, the peanut seedlings are only fixed in the circumferential direction relative to the ring fruit picking roller teeth, and there is no fixed effect on the length direction of the fruit picking roller teeth. Therefore, when the moving teeth of the fruit-picking rollers rotate from bottom to top to move the peanut seedlings toward the top of the peanut-seedling fruit picking channel, because the moving teeth of the fruit-picking rollers of two adjacent fruit-picking rollers intersect at the connecting position of the axes of the axes of the rollers of the fruit-picking rollers They are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each fruit picking roller can pick the peanut seedlings away from the upper part of the channel, and the peanut seedlings that are moved upward by the fruit picking roller toothed belt will be dialed by the adjacent rear fruit picking roller teeth that rotate from top to bottom. Down, so that the peanut seedlings are transported backward by the fruit picking roller teeth in the peanut seedling fruit picking channel. During the conveying process, the peanut fruit remaining in the peanut seedling will be picked up again by the rear fruit picking mechanism. The picking action can ensure the fruit picking rate of peanuts.

Flotation type fruit seedling separation device:

The flotation type fruit seedling separation device is composed of more than two flotation mechanisms. The side and the right side are relatively closed, and the fruit and seedling separation rollers run in the same direction under the drive of the transmission device, so that the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separation rollers run in the same direction from front to back in the fruit and seedling separation channel, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers move in the same direction. The teeth pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the back, so as to stir the separated peanut fruit and peanut seedlings to be transported to the rear end in a tossing and rotating state. It enters the peanut fruit collecting device located under the fruit and seedling separation channel, and discharges the peanut seedlings from the rear end outlet of the fruit and seedling separation channel, so as to complete the fruit and seedling separation during the transmission process. Since the moving teeth of the fruit seedling separation roller are radially arranged, the peanut seedlings are only fixed in the circumferential direction relative to the ring fruit seedling separation roller teeth, and have no fixed effect on the length direction of the fruit seedling separation roller teeth. Therefore, when the fruit seedlings are separated When the roller teeth rotate from bottom to top to move the peanut seedlings to the top of the fruit seedling separation channel, the moving teeth of the fruit seedling separation rollers of two adjacent fruit seedling separation rollers intersect at the connecting position of the axis of the rotation axis of the fruit seedling separation rollers. At the same time, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each fruit seedling separation roller closes the upper part of the fruit seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings that are moved upward by the fruit seedling separation roller toothed belt will be replaced by the adjacent rear fruit seedlings that rotate from top to bottom. The moving teeth of the separation roller are dialed down, so that the peanut seedlings are transported backward by the moving teeth of each fruit seedling separation roller in the fruit seedling separation channel. , and is screened again by the screen of the rear flotation mechanism to ensure the screening rate of peanuts.

Peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device:

The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device is composed of a grate-comb-type fruit-picking device at the front end and a flotation-type fruit-seedling separating device at the back end. The fruit and seedling separation channels formed by the separation device are connected together to form a peanut seedling fruit picking and separation channel. The peanut seedlings are transported from the front entrance of the channel to the The power of the outlet at the rear end of the channel. During the conveying process, the peanut seedlings that have not been picked first pass through the peanut seedling fruit picking channel to separate the fruit seedlings, and then pass through the fruit seedling separation channel to separate the fruit seedlings, and the filtered peanuts fall into the The peanut fruit collecting device is located under the fruit seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the rear end outlet of the fruit seedling separation channel, so as to complete the picking and preliminary separation of the peanut fruit in the peanut seedling fruit picking and separation channel.

It has the characteristics of clean fruit picking, low husk breakage and high working efficiency. It is applicable to both dry and wet stems of peanut seedlings.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the left side view of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the axonometric view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the axonometric view of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the left side view of the fruit picking mechanism in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is the axonometric view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 6 is the axonometric view of Fig. 4;

Fig. 7 is the left side view of the grate-comb type fruit picking device in Fig. 1;

Fig. 8 is the axonometric view of Fig. 7;

Fig. 9 is the axonometric view of Fig. 7;

Figure 10 is a left side view of the flotation mechanism in Figure 1;

Figure 11 is an axonometric view of Figure 10;

Fig. 12 is the left side view of the flotation type fruit seedling separating device in Fig. 1;

Figure 13 is an axonometric view of Figure 12;

Figure 14 is a left side view of the peanut harvester;

Figure 15 is an axonometric view of Figure 14;

Fig. 16 is the structural representation of the air-selected peanut fruit collection device in Fig. 14;

Figure 17 is the left side view of the wind-selection type peanut fruit collecting device after removing the left side wall of the wind-selection channel and the right-side wall of the wind-selection channel;

Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of the vibration transmission screening mechanism in Figure 16;

Fig. 19 is the structural representation of the two-way balanced vibration mechanism in Fig. 18;

Fig. 20 is the structural representation of the blowing device in Fig. 16;

Fig. 21 is the structural representation of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove in Fig. 18;

Fig. 22 is the structural representation of the peanut stem picking mechanism in Fig. 21;

Fig. 23 is the structural representation of the fruit picking stalk plate in Fig. 22;

Fig. 24 is the structural representation of the fruit picking handle saw in Fig. 23;

Figure 25 is a left side view of the rear end vibrating conveying leak screen in Figure 18;

Figure 26 is an axonometric view of Figure 25;

Figure 27 is a left side view of the peanut wind feeding bin device in Figure 14;

Figure 28 is an axonometric view of Figure 27;

Figure 29 is a front view of the peanut seedling crushing and collecting device in Figure 14;

Figure 30 is a left side view of Figure 29;

Figure 31 is a schematic structural diagram of the excavation conveyor in Figure 14;

Figure 32 is a left side view of the vibrating soil shaking structure in Figure 31;

Figure 33 is an axonometric view of Figure 32;

FIG. 34 is an assembly view of FIG. 32 .

In the drawings: 1. excavation conveyor; 1-1. coulter of excavation conveyor; 1-2. coulter vibration shaft; 1-3. excavation conveyor frame; 1-4. coulter connecting rod; 1-5. Eccentric sleeve; 1-6. Bearing; 1-7. Bearing seat; 1-8. Coulter upper guard; 1-8-1. Upper guard bracket connection plate; 1-9. Coulter upper Support piece; 1-10. Coulter lower support piece; 1-11. Pallet bracket; 1-11-1. The first bar-shaped connecting block; 1-11-2. The second bar-shaped connecting block; 1-12 .Press roller; 1-13. Height adjustment nut; 1-14. Height adjustment screw; 1-15. Digging depth transmission gear; 2. Conveyor chain rake; 3. Frame; 4. Fruit picking roller; 5. Fruit picking Roller teeth; 6. Drum shaft of fruit picking roller; 7. Fixed teeth; 8. Left side wall of fruit picking trough body; 9. Right side wall of fruit picking trough body; 10. Bottom wall of fruit picking trough body; 11. Fruit seedling separation roller drum rotating shaft; 12. Bottom wall of separation screen groove; 13. Left side wall of grooved peanut separation screen groove; 14. Right side wall of grooved peanut separation screen groove; 15. Fruit and seedling separation Roller teeth; 16. Left side wall of air selection channel; 17. Right side wall of air selection channel; 18. Blowing device; 18-1. Fan blade rotating shaft of blower; Collection tank; 20. Front-end vibrating conveying comb screen; 20-1. Vibrating conveying platen; 20-2. Comb; 21. Peanut fruit receiving guide groove; 21-1. Left guide groove wall; 21-2. Right side Guide groove wall; 21-3. Bottom wall of guide groove; 22. Back end vibrating conveying leak screen; 22-1. Wind pressure feedback groove; 22-1-1. Front panel of back end vibrating conveying leak screen; 22 -1-2. The rear panel of the rear end vibrating conveying leaky screen; 22-2. The screen helper; 23. The shaft of the vibration mechanism; 24. The connecting rod of the vibrating screen; 25. The rocker arm; Shank saw transmission parts; 28. Height adjustable structure; 29. Fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft; 30. Angle adjustment handle; 31. Angle adjustment hole; 32. Bolt; 33. Spring; 34. Left comb screen connecting rod; 35 .Left hanger link; 36. Hoisting beam; 37. Peanut crushed seedling conveying fan; 38. Peanut seedling conveying air duct; 39. Peanut crushed seedling storage bin; 40. Crushing chamber shell; Rotary shaft; 42. Broken seedling reamer; 43. Broken seedling fixed knife; 44. Peanut fruit collection tank funnel; 45. Blower; 46. Air volume adjustment gate; 47. Air inlet duct; Peanut fruit warehouse; 50. Piston type actuator; 51. Fruit feeding guide cylinder; 52. Fruit seedling separation roller; 53. Fruit picking roller drive connection part; 54. Fruit seedling separation roller drive connection part; 55. Fruit picking handle saw; 56. Fruit picking handle saw fixed shaft.

The drive device in the present application uses the power output of the peanut harvester as the power source, and the device for power transmission through the transmission structure includes the prior art devices of the gear transmission structure, the sprocket transmission structure and the speed change device.

The orientation description in this application is based on the orientation of the peanut harvester, and the lateral direction refers to the left-right direction of the peanut harvester.

In this application, the transmission components refer to components that can be connected for transmission, such as transmission gears, transmission pulleys, and the like.

In the present application, the left side wall of the air selection channel, the right side wall of the air selection channel, the left side wall of the fruit picking trough body, and the right side wall of the fruit picking trough body are fixed to the frame as an integral structure, which can be equivalent to the frame.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

For the convenience of description, the peanut harvester using the grate-comb-type fruit picking device will be described in detail as an example.

It can be known from the embodiments shown in Figures 1-34 that this embodiment includes a picker or a digging conveyor 1, a conveyor chain rake 2, a fruit seedling separator and a peanut fruit collecting device; the fruit seedling separator includes a peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device. devices and transmissions;

The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device includes a grate-comb-type fruit picking device and a flotation-type fruit seedling separating device;

The grate-comb fruit picking device includes more than two fruit picking mechanisms;

The fruit picking mechanism includes a frame 3, a fruit picking roller and a fruit picking trough. The fruit picking roller includes a fruit picking roller drum 4. The fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller drum 4. The fruit picking roller drum 4 passes through the left end of the fruit picking roller drum shaft 6 and the right end are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3, the fruit picking roller is provided with a fruit picking roller transmission connecting part 53, the fruit picking trough includes a fruit picking trough body and a fixed tooth 7, the fruit picking trough body is located at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, and the fruit picking trough The left side wall 8 of the trough body and the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack 3, and at least one row of fixed teeth 7 is provided on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body. The teeth 7 are spaced from the left side wall 8 of the fruit picking trough body to the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body along the axis direction of the fruit picking roller drum shaft 6, and the teeth 5 between the fruit picking roller moving teeth 5 and the fixed teeth 7 of the fruit picking roller are spaced apart. corresponding to the gap;

The combination mode of two or more fruit picking mechanisms constituting the grate-comb fruit picking device is: the left side wall 8 of the front fruit picking trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the rear end of the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body Respectively connect with the left side wall 8 of the following fruit picking trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the front end of the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body, and each fruit picking trough body connected together forms a grate comb. The left side wall 8 of the fruit picking trough body, the right side wall 9 of the fruit picking trough body and the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body are connected to form the peanut seedling fruit picking channel. The left side wall of the channel, the right side wall of the peanut fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the channel, the fruit picking roller teeth 5 of the two adjacent fruit picking rollers are connected with the axes of their fruit picking roller drum shafts 6. When the lines intersect, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each fruit picking roller can close the peanut seedlings from the upper part of the channel, so that the peanut seedlings are relatively closed from the channel;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting parts 53 of the fruit picking rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that the fruit picking rollers run in the same direction. To the rear, each fruit picking roller tooth 5 passes through the gap between the fixed teeth 7, so as to have a pulling effect on the peanut seedlings in the opposite direction, so as to pull the peanut fruit from the peanut seedlings;

The flotation type fruit seedling separation device includes more than two flotation mechanisms;

The flotation mechanism includes a frame 3, a fruit seedling separation roller and a grooved peanut separation screen. The fruit seedling separation roller has the same structure as the fruit picking roller: the fruit seedling separation roller includes a fruit seedling separation roller drum 52, and the column of the fruit seedling separation roller drum 52 The fruit and seedling separation roller moving teeth 15 are evenly distributed on the surface, and the fruit and seedling separation roller drum 52 is respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3 by the left and right ends of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum rotating shaft 11. The seedling separation roller drive connection part 54, the grooved peanut separation screen is located at the bottom of the fruit seedling separation roller, the grooved peanut separation screen includes a separation screen groove body, and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body is a screen for screening peanuts. The left side wall 13 of the trough type peanut separation screen tank body and the right side wall 14 of the trough type peanut separation screen tank body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the rack 3;

The connection mode of two or more flotation mechanisms constituting the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is: the left side wall 13 of the front separation screen tank body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen tank body and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen tank body The rear end of the sieve is respectively connected with the left side wall 13 of the following separation screen groove body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen groove body and the front end of the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen groove body. The tank body forms the fruit and seedling separation channel of the flotation-type fruit and seedling separation device, and the left side wall 13 of the separation screen tank body, the right side wall 14 of the separation screen tank body and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen tank body are respectively shaped. The left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separation channel; When the positions of the connecting lines of the axes of the rotating shaft 11 intersect, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers close the upper part of the fruit and seedling separation channel, so that the fruit and seedling separation channel is relatively closed;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting parts 54 of the fruit and seedling separation rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that the fruit and seedling separation rollers run in the same direction. The seedlings are pulled from the front to the back, so as to stir the peanut fruit and peanut seedlings in the separated state and transport them to the rear end in a tossing and rotating state. The peanut fruit collecting device below the seedling separation channel, and the peanut seedlings are discharged from the rear end outlet of the fruit seedling separation channel;

The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device is mainly composed of a grate-comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and a flotation-type fruit seedling separating device at the back end connected together in the following ways: The right side wall of the channel and the rear end of the bottom wall of the peanut and seedling separation channel are respectively in line with the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel. Connecting to form a separation channel for peanut seedlings and fruit picking, the fruit picking roller tooth 5 of the rearmost fruit picking roller in the grate-comb fruit picking device and the fruit seedling separation roller tooth 5 of the frontmost fruit seedling separation roller in the flotation type fruit seedling separation device 15 When the positions of the connecting lines of the axes of the drum shafts intersect, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each fruit picking roller and each fruit seedling separation roller close the upper part of the peanut seedling picking separation channel, so that the peanut seedling fruit picking and separation channel is closed. relatively closed;

The front port of the peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channel is connected with the rear end of the conveyor chain rake 2, and is used to receive the peanut seedlings conveyed by the conveyor chain rake 2. The rear port of the peanut seedling and fruit picking and separating channel is the peanut seedling discharge outlet.

The peanut fruit collecting device is an air selection type peanut fruit collecting device, comprising a frame 3, a left side wall 16 of the air selection channel, a right side wall 17 of the air selection channel, a vibration transmission screening mechanism, a blowing device 18 and a peanut fruit collecting tank 19;

The top end of the left side wall 16 of the air selection channel and the top end of the right side wall 17 of the air selection channel are respectively fixedly connected with the bottom end of the left side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the bottom end of the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel. A vibration transmission screening mechanism installation accommodating cavity is formed under the seedling separation channel;

The vibration transmission and screening mechanism includes a front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, a rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure and a two-way balance vibration mechanism;

The front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 includes a vibrating conveying platen 20-1 and a comb 20-2. The vibrating conveying platen 20-1 is arranged at a position below the front of the fruit-seedling separation channel, and is used to accept the screening from the front of the fruit-seedling separation channel. The comb 20-2 is a row of comb teeth arranged horizontally at the rear end of the vibrating conveying table 20-1 at equal intervals. The length specifications of the comb teeth are two or more, and the comb teeth of the same length specifications The spacing is equal, so that the spacing of the comb teeth gradually widens from front to back. Screen the peanuts of the corresponding size and the broken leaves, so that the peanuts fall from the gap between the teeth of the front end of the comb 20-2. -2 below;

The rear end peanut fruit screening guide structure includes a peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 and a rear end vibrating conveying leaky screen 22. The peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is mainly composed of a left guide groove wall 21-1 and a right guide groove wall 21-2. And the groove body composed of the bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove sloping downward from back to front, the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 carries the peanut fruit to the groove of the guide groove 21 at the upper position of the cavity of the guide groove 21 The upper opening of the cavity is closed, and is connected with the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21, and the rear end vibrating conveying leaky screen 22 is located at the lower part of the rear part of the fruit seedling separation channel and the position below the comb 20-2 of the front end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, which is used for It undertakes the screening of the fallen peanuts and broken seedlings from the rear of the fruit-seedling separation channel, and the peanuts and broken seedlings that fall from the gap between the comb teeth of the rear-end comb 20-2 of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20, and the rear-end peanuts If the screening guide structure closes the opening at the lower end of the rear part of the accommodating cavity of the vibration transmission screening mechanism, the opening formed at the rear end of the accommodating cavity of the vibration transmission screening mechanism is the outlet for the air-selected broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves;

The two-way balanced vibration mechanism drives the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure to vibrate in anti-parallel, so as to offset the destructive force of the overall vibration of the front-end vibration conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end peanut fruit screening guide structure to the equipment;

The blowing device 18 is arranged at the front end of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21. The blowing air duct formed by the blowing device 18 is inclined upward from the air outlet of the blowing device 18, and passes through the rear end vibrating and conveying the leak screen 22 through the groove cavity of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21. The top of the sieve hole and the rear end vibrating conveying leaky sieve 22 are discharged from the outlet of the wind-selected broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves;

When the front end vibrates the conveying comb screen 20 at the rear end of the comb grate 20-2, the peanut fruit and the broken seedlings and miscellaneous leaves that fall down from the gap between the comb teeth and the fruit seedlings are screened at the rear of the separation channel and fall down. When falling through the air duct, the peanut fruit falls into the groove cavity of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21 through the sieve hole of the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 due to the action of gravity, and the small broken seedlings are blown out by the wind and the broken seedlings are selected by the wind. In the miscellaneous leaf discharge port, the larger broken seedling miscellaneous leaves fall on the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22, and the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 is transported backward out of the air-selected crushed seedling miscellaneous leaf discharge port;

The peanut fruit collecting groove 19 is located below the front end of the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 , and is used to receive the peanut fruit that vibrates and slides down from the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 .

The two-way balanced vibration mechanism of the vibration transmission and screening mechanism includes a frame 3, a rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism, a pair of lateral reciprocating motion structures of the vibrating screen and a transmission device, and the left and right ends of the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism are rolled and supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3 respectively. On the right side, the rotating shaft 23 of the vibrating mechanism is provided with a transmission component, and a pair of vibrating screen lateral reciprocating motion structures are symmetrically arranged on the vibrating mechanism rotating shaft 23. 24 and rocker arm 25, the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing through the eccentric sleeve, the front end of the vibration screen connecting rod 24 is fixedly connected to the outer ring of the bearing through the bearing seat, and the bearing seat combined according to the above structure, the bearing and the eccentric sleeve to form an eccentric link seat, the middle of the rocker arm 25 is hinged with the frame 3 through the frame connection rocker arm rotating shaft 26, and the upper ends of the two rocker arms 25 are respectively connected to the left side of the rear end of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20. The side and the right side are hinged, the lower ends of the two rocker arms 25 are hinged with the left side and the right side of the front end of the rear end peanut and fruit screening guide structure respectively, and the rear end of the vibrating screen connecting rod 24 is hinged with the rocker arm 25;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission components arranged on the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism to rotate through the transmission device, so that the rotating shaft 23 of the vibration mechanism rotates, so that the rocker arm 25 swings back and forth with the frame connecting the rocker arm rotating shaft 26 as the axis center. , thereby driving the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 and the rear-end vibrating conveying perforated screen 22 to vibrate back and forth in reverse to convey materials to the back end.

The blowing device 18 is composed of a plurality of blowers arranged horizontally side by side: each blower shares a fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the left and right ends of the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame 3, and the fan blade rotating shaft 18 -1 is provided with a transmission connection part, the casings 18-2 of each blower are arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 at intervals, the casings 18-2 of each blower are fixedly connected to the frame 3, and the casings 18-2 of each blower are It is rotatably connected with the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, the fan blades of each blower are located in their respective casings 18-2 and are circumferentially arranged on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester is driven by the transmission device. The transmission component on the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 rotates to drive the fan blade rotating shaft 18-1 to rotate, so that the fan blades of each blower are rotated to generate wind energy.

The peanut fruit receiving guide groove of the air-selected peanut fruit collecting device is provided with a peanut stalk picking mechanism: including a stalk bracket and at least one stalk plate, and the stalk plate includes a plurality of stalk saws 55 and a fixing shaft of the stalk saw 56, the fruit picking handle saw 55 is a circular sawtooth blade, and the fruit picking handle saw is fixed on the fixed shaft 56 of the fruit picking handle saw at intervals;

The bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is provided with a row of slot holes 21-3-1 for fruit picking handle saws at intervals. The width of the slot hole 21-3-1 is adapted to the thickness of the fruit-picking handle saw 55, and the spacing between the fruit-picking handle saw slot holes 21-3-1 is adapted to the spacing between the fruit-picking handle saws 55 of the fruit-picking handle plate ;

The fruit-picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 is laterally arranged below the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21, the left and right ends of the fruit-picking handle saw fixing shaft 56 are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the rack 3, and one end of the fruit-picking handle saw fixing shaft fixes the handle Saw transmission part 27, the upper part of the fruit-picking handle saw 55 of each fruit-picking handle plate is embedded in the respective fruit-picking handle saw slot 21-3-1 at the corresponding position, and the fruit-picking handle saw slot 21-3 corresponding to the front teeth of each fruit-picking handle saw 55 -1 part forms a stalk bracket, and the saw teeth of each stalk saw 55 are inclined in the direction of rotation, so that the stalk located at the stalk bracket will not slip off when subjected to the downward cutting force of the saw teeth of the fruit stalk saw 55;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the handle saw transmission part 27 arranged on the fixed shaft 56 of the fruit picking handle saw to rotate through the transmission device, so as to drive the fruit picking handle saws 55 of each fruit picking handle plate in the groove cavity of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21. Rotate from back to front from the inside, so that the serrations of each fruit-picking stalk saw 55 cut off the fruit stalk located here under the support of the groove edge of its corresponding stalk bracket;

The bottom wall 21-3 of the guide groove of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is composed of metal strips arranged at intervals in the front and rear directions.

There are two stalk plates, and the two stalk plates are arranged side by side; the interval between the stalk saws fixed on the fixing shaft 56 of the stalk saws is 4cm-6cm.

The left and right sides of the front end of the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 are respectively hinged with the left guide groove wall 21-1 and the right guide groove wall 21-2 of the peanut fruit bearing guide groove 21, and the rear end vibrates and conveys the leak hole screen. A height-adjustable structure 28 is arranged between the rear end of the 22 and the rear end of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 to adjust the forward inclination of the rear end vibrating conveying leaky screen 22;

The rear-end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22 is mainly composed of wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 arranged in the left and right directions and fixed on the screen helper 22-2. The gaps between the wind pressure feedback grooves 22-1 form strips. The air pressure feedback groove 22-1 has its notch facing downward, so that the air flow blown by the blower 18 into the cavity of the air pressure feedback groove 22-1 is fed back to the top of the incoming air direction, and the air flow in the incoming air direction is Converged together to form a relatively abundant air flow upward through the screen holes, and an air flow with balanced wind speed and balanced wind pressure is formed above the rear end vibrating conveyance leak screen 22. The wind pressure feedback groove 22-1 is formed by the front strip 22-1-1. It is formed by closed connection with the top of the rear strips 22-1-2, and each front strip 22-1-1 is inclined upward from front to back, so that the front strips 22-1-1 arranged at intervals are combined to form the wind-selected broken seedlings. The wind direction guide window is directed towards the direction of the vane discharge port.

The peanut harvester is also provided with a device for feeding peanut air into the bin. The device for feeding peanut air into the bin includes a peanut fruit collection tank funnel 44, a blower 45, an air volume adjustment gate 46, an air inlet duct 47, a fruit feeding air duct 48, and a peanut fruit bin. 49 and the transmission device, the peanut fruit collecting trough funnel 44 is located at the bottom of the peanut fruit collecting trough 19, the upper opening of the peanut fruit collecting trough funnel 44 is communicated with the bottom of the peanut fruit collecting trough 19, and the right side of the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44 bottom is provided with The air inlet is provided with a feeding port on the left side of the bottom of the funnel of the peanut fruit collection tank, the peanut fruit bin 49 is located on the top of the frame 3, the blower 45 is fixed on the right side of the frame 3, and the air outlet of the blower 45 passes through the air inlet duct 47 and the air outlet. The air inlet of the peanut fruit collecting trough hopper 44 is communicated, the air volume adjustment shutter 46 is arranged on the air inlet duct 47, the lower port of the fruit feeding air duct 48 is communicated with the feeding port of the peanut fruit collecting trough funnel 44, and the upper port thereof is connected with the peanut fruit hopper. The warehouse 49 is communicated, and the rotating shaft of the blower 45 is provided with a transmission connecting part, and the engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission connecting part arranged on the rotating shaft of the blower 45 to rotate through the transmission device, so as to drive the fan blades of the blower 45 to rotate, thereby making the The blower 45 generates wind energy, and sends the peanuts located in the peanut fruit collecting tank hopper 44 into the peanut fruit bin 49 .

The peanut bin 49 in the peanut air feeding bin device of the peanut harvester has a self-unloading structure: the bottom right side of the peanut bin 49 is hinged with the frame 3 to form a hinged end of the peanut bin, and the peanut bin 49 and the frame 3 are hinged. There is at least one piston-type actuator 50 between them, which is used to lift the peanut fruit warehouse 49 and dump the peanut fruit; The position corresponding to the upper part of the fruit feeding air cylinder 48 is provided with a fruit feeding air cylinder insertion hole that is adapted to the diameter of the fruit feeding air cylinder 48, and the bottom port of the fruit feeding guide cylinder 51 and the upper end edge of the fruit feeding air cylinder insertion hole Sealed connection, the fruit feeding guide tube 51 extends vertically upward to the top of the peanut fruit bin 49 from the upper end of the fruit feeding air tube insertion hole, and then turns laterally to open, the upper part of the fruit feeding air tube 48 and the lower part of the fruit feeding guide tube 51 Insert fit.

The uniform distribution of the fruit-picking roller moving teeth 5 on the outer surface of the fruit-picking roller drum 4 is as follows: each fruit-picking roller moving teeth 5 are arranged in a ring at equal intervals along the circumference of the fruit-picking roller drum 4 to form each circumferential fruit-picking roller moving tooth group, and each fruit-picking roller moves Teeth 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit picking roller drum 4 to form each radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group. The fruit picking roller drum 4 is formed in a circle in the circumferential direction. The fruit picking roller teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction. The arrangement position of the fruit picking roller teeth 5 in the radial direction corresponds to the gaps of the fixed teeth 7, and the radial arrangement spacing of the fruit picking roller teeth 5 in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller teeth group is the dynamic of the fruit picking roller teeth. The dynamic spacing between the moving teeth of the fruit picking roller is 5cm to 15 cm; the even distribution of the moving teeth 15 of the fruit seedling separation roller on the outer surface of the fruit seedling separation roller 52 is: 52 circumferentially equally spaced rings form each circumferential fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group, and each fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth 15 are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit seedling separating roller drum 52 to form each radial fruit seedling separating roller moving tooth group, Each circumferential fruit and seedling separation roller tooth group is formed by the fruit and seedling separation roller teeth 15 in the radial fruit and seedling separation roller tooth groups at intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum 52. The moving teeth 15 of the fruit and seedling separating rollers are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement spacing is the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separating roller, and the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separating roller is 5cm ~15cm.

The fruit picking roller teeth 5, the fixed teeth 7 and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth 15 in each fruit picking mechanism are all elastic teeth. The axis line is parallel to the axis line of each drum, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the circumferential direction of the drum to which it is fixed, and the fruit picking roller teeth 5 and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth 15 are inclined to the opposite direction of the drum rotation. ;

The bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body of each fruit picking mechanism is the bottom wall of the arc body, and the bottom wall of the arc body is coaxial with the corresponding drum; each fixed tooth 7 in the fruit picking mechanism is inclined backward, and is provided with an inclination angle. Adjustment structure: each row of fixed teeth 7 is fixed on each fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 at intervals, the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 is located below the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking slot body, and the left and right ends of the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29 are respectively The left and right sides of the rack 3 are connected in rotation, and strip-shaped holes for sieving out miscellaneous soil are arranged at horizontal intervals on the bottom wall 10 of the fruit picking trough body, and each fixed tooth 7 passes through the bottom of the fruit picking trough body from the bottom. The strip hole on the wall 10 extends into the groove cavity of the fruit picking groove body, and the angle adjustment handle 30 is radially fixed at the end of the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft 29. 3 is provided with a plurality of angle adjustment holes 31 corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle 30. When the plug pins 32 are inserted into the different angle adjustment holes 31 through the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle 30, each fixed tooth 7 corresponding to different inclination angles;

The peanut seedling fruit picking channel of the grate-comb fruit picking device is inclined upward from front to back;

The bottom wall 12 of the separation screen tank body of each flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen, the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen tank body is coaxial with the corresponding drum, and the bottom wall 12 of the separation screen tank body is fixed by the spring 33. on rack 3;

The left and right sides of the front end of the vibrating conveying platen 20-1 of the front-end vibrating conveying comb screen 20 are respectively supported on the left side wall 16 of the air selection channel and the right side of the air selection channel by the left comb screen connecting rod 34 and the right comb screen connecting rod On the wall 17: the upper end of the left comb screen connecting rod 34 is hinged to the left side of the front end of the vibrating conveying table 20-1 through the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the lower end is hinged to the left side wall 16 of the air selection channel through the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the right The upper end of the comb screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side of the front end of the vibrating conveying table through the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the lower end of the right comb-screen connecting rod is hinged with the right side wall of the air selection channel through the shock-absorbing sleeve;

The peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21 is hoisted on the left side wall 16 of the wind selection channel and the right side wall 17 of the wind selection channel through the guide groove hanger: the guide groove hanger includes the left hanger link 35, the right hoisting link and the hoisting beam 36. The lower ends of the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hoisting connecting rod are hinged with the left end of the hoisting beam 36 and the right end of the hoisting beam 36 respectively through the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the left hanger connecting rod 35 and the right hoisting connecting rod are hinged. The upper end is hinged with the left side wall 16 of the wind selection channel and the right side wall 17 of the wind selection channel respectively through the shock-absorbing sleeve, and the hoisting beam 36 is fixed at the bottom of the peanut fruit receiving guide groove 21;

The grate-comb type fruit picking device is formed by combining three fruit picking mechanisms; the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms.

The fruit picking roller 4 and the fruit seedling separation roller 52 are hollow structure rollers;

The dynamic spacing of the fruit-picking roller teeth in each grate-comb-type fruit-picking device gradually decreases from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the fruit-seedling separation roller teeth in each flotation-type fruit-seedling separation device gradually decreases from front to back.

The peanut harvester also includes a peanut seedling crushing and collecting device: including a peanut seedling crushing room, a peanut crushing seedling conveying fan 37, a peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, a peanut crushing seedling storage bin 39 and a transmission device, and the peanut seedling crushing room includes the crushing chamber shell. 40 and the peanut seedling pulverizing structure arranged in the pulverizing chamber shell 40. The front end of the pulverizing chamber shell 40 is provided with a peanut seedling feeding inlet 40-1 for sealingly connecting with the peanut seedling discharge outlet and the crushed seedling miscellaneous leaf discharge port. The seedling crushing structure includes a seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, a seedling reamer 42 and a seedling fixing knife 43, a transmission component is fixed at the end of the seedling reamer rotating shaft 41, and the seedling reamer 42 is arranged on the rotating shaft of the seedling reamer at intervals. 41, the left end and the right end of the crushing reamer shaft 41 are respectively connected to the left and right sides of the bottom of the crushing chamber shell 40 for rotation. The knives 43 correspond to the gaps between the reamers 42. The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission components arranged on the shaft 41 of the reamer to rotate through the transmission device to drive the reamer 42 to rotate and reciprocate. Passing through the gaps between the fixed knives 43 for crushing seedlings, the peanut seedlings located at the bottom of the peanut seedling crushing chamber are crushed. The peanut seedling crushing chamber communicates with the peanut seedling storage bin 39 through the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, and the peanut crushing seedlings are connected to the peanut seedlings storage bin 39. The conveying fan 37 is arranged in the peanut seedling conveying air duct 38, so as to send the ground peanut seedlings crushed in the peanut seedling crushing chamber into the peanut seedlings storage bin 39, and the peanut seedlings storage bin 39 is provided with a pressure relief hole for releasing the air selection. The wind pressure generated by the blowing device 18 in the peanut fruit collecting device and the peanut crushing and seedling conveying fan 37 in the peanut seedling crushing and collecting device.

The peanut seedling storage bin 39 is located above the peanut seedling pulverizing chamber, and the peanut seedling conveying air ducts 38 are two symmetrically arranged on the left and right sides of the pulverizing chamber shell 40 respectively. The seedling conveying fan adopts the broken seedling reamer shaft 41 as the fan blade rotating shaft. The peanut seedling crushing structure is located below the peanut seedling feeding inlet 40-1. The peanut crushed seedlings storage bin 39 extends upward to the top of the peanut crushed seedling storage bin 39, and then opens toward each other.

The coulter 1-1 of the excavation conveyor 1 is provided with a vibrating soil shaking structure, and the vibrating soil shaking structure includes a coulter vibration shaft 1-2, at least two coulter front and rear reciprocating motion structures, a coulter front and rear vibration guide protection structure and a transmission device ;

The left end and the right end of the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 are rolled and supported on the left and right sides of the excavation conveyor frame 1-3 respectively, and the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 is provided with a transmission component;

The front and rear reciprocating motion structure of the coulter 1-1 includes the eccentric connecting rod seat and the coulter connecting rod 1-4. The coulter vibration shaft 1-2 is fixedly connected to the inner ring of the bearing 1-6 through the eccentric sleeve 1-5, and the coulter is connected to the inner ring of the bearing 1-6. The rear end of the rod 1-4 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the bearing 1-6 through the bearing seat 1-7. The bearing seat 1-7, the bearing 1-6 and the eccentric sleeve 1-5 are combined according to the above structure to form an eccentric connection. The rod seat, the front end of the coulter connecting rod 1-4 is hinged with the bracket for fixing the coulter;

The coulter front and rear vibration guide protection structure includes coulter upper guards 1-8 and coulter front and rear vibration guide chutes. Coulter upper guards 1-8 are laterally fixed on the excavation conveyor frame 1-3, located in coulter 1 -1 Above the rear side of the front end, the upper coulter guards 1-8 are inclined upward from front to back, and are used to reach into the field to turn up the floating soil. The front and rear vibration guide chutes of the coulters are laterally fixed on the excavation conveyor frame 1 -3, and located below the upper guard plate 1-8 of the coulter, the coulter 1-1 is slidably fitted in the chute cavity of the front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter to constrain the coulter 1-1 in the front and rear of the chute cavity. reciprocating vibration;

The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives the transmission components arranged on the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 to rotate through the transmission device, so that the coulter vibration shaft 1-2 rotates, and the coulter connecting rod 1-4 drives the coulter 1 -1 Vibrates back and forth in the groove cavity at the height position defined by the front and rear vibration guide grooves.

The front and rear vibration guide protection structure of the coulter specifically includes: the rear end of the upper guard plate 1-8 of the coulter is inclined and bent downward, and the downwardly inclined and bent part forms the upper guard plate bracket connecting plate 1-8-1, The front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter is mainly composed of a plurality of upper coulter supporting pieces 1-9, and a plurality of coulter lower supporting pieces 1-10 are fixedly connected by a plurality of supporting plate brackets 1-11, and the supporting plate brackets 1-11 are An angle bracket with an acute angle formed by the first bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1 and the second bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-2 being fixed together at one end, each pallet bracket 1-11 passes through the A strip connecting block 1-11-1 is fixed on the connecting plate 1-8-1 of the upper guard plate bracket at a lateral interval, and the second strip connecting block 1-11-2 is located on the first strip connecting block 1-11-1 and the acute angle of each pallet bracket 1-11 faces the rear, the upper brackets 1-9 of each coulter are respectively fixed on each first bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-1, and are located on the connecting plate of the upper guard plate bracket Below 1-8-1, the lower support pieces 1-10 of each coulter are respectively fixed on each second bar-shaped connecting block 1-11-2, and the lower surfaces of the upper support pieces 1-9 of each coulter are combined to form a coulter. The upper groove wall of the front and rear vibration guide chute, and the upper surfaces of the lower brackets 1-10 of each coulter are combined to form the lower groove wall of the front and rear vibration guide chute of the coulter.

The coulter 1-1 of the excavation conveyor 1 is provided with an adjustable excavation depth structure. The excavation depth adjustable structure includes a pressing roller 1-12 and a pair of pressing roller height adjustment structures. The axis of the pressing roller 1-12 is set. There is a pressing roller shaft, and the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft are respectively connected with the left and right sides of the front end of the excavating conveyor frame 1-3 through the pressing roller height adjustment structure.

The height adjustment structure of the pressing roller includes: the pressing roller 1-12 is rotatably connected with the pressing roller shaft, the height adjusting nuts 1-13 are respectively fixed on the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft, and the height adjustment nuts 1-13 are respectively fixed on the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft, The left and right sides are symmetrically provided with height adjustment screws 1-14, two height adjustment screws 1-14 are arranged vertically, and the upper and lower ends of the two height adjustment screws 1-14 are respectively connected to the excavation conveyor frame 1-3 in rotation , the height adjustment nuts 1-13 on the left and right ends of the pressing roller shaft are screwed together with the height adjustment screws 1-14 on the left and right sides of the excavation conveyor frame 1-3, respectively, and the two height adjustment screws are screwed together. The upper ends of 1-14 are respectively provided with excavation depth transmission gears 1-15, and the excavation depth adjustment motor drives the two excavation depth transmission gears 1-15 to rotate, thereby driving the two height adjustment screws 1-14 to rotate, so that the two height adjustment The nut 1-13 moves up and down, thereby driving the pressing roller 1-12 to move up and down relative to the coulter 1-1.

Claims (7)

1. a peanut harvester uses a peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device, characterized in that: comprise a grate-comb type fruit picking device and a flotation type fruit seedling separating device; The grate-comb-type fruit picking device includes more than two fruit picking mechanisms; The fruit picking mechanism comprises a frame (3), a fruit picking roller and a fruit picking trough, the fruit picking roller comprises a fruit picking roller drum (4), and the fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit picking roller drum (4). ), the fruit picking roller (4) is respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame (3) through the left and right ends of the fruit picking roller roller shaft (6), and the fruit picking roller is provided with a fruit picking roller drive connection part (53), the fruit picking trough includes a fruit picking trough body and a fixed tooth (7), the fruit picking trough body is located at the bottom of the fruit picking roller, and the left side wall (8) of the fruit picking trough body and the The right side walls (9) of the fruit picking trough body are respectively fixed on the left and right sides of the frame (3), and at least one row of fixed teeth ( 7), the fixed teeth (7) from the left side wall (8) of the fruit picking trough body to the right side wall (9) of the fruit picking trough body along the axis of the fruit picking roller drum rotating shaft (6) The directions are arranged at intervals, and the gaps between each fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) of the fruit picking roller and the fixed teeth (7) correspond to each other; The combination of two or more fruit picking mechanisms constituting the grate-comb-type fruit picking device is as follows: the left side wall (8) of the preceding fruit picking trough body, the right side wall (9) of the fruit picking trough body and the The rear end of the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking trough body is respectively the left side wall (8) of the following fruit picking trough body, the right side wall (9) of the fruit picking trough body and the fruit picking trough. The front ends of the bottom walls (10) of the troughs are connected, and each of the fruit picking troughs connected together forms a peanut and seedling picking channel of the grate-comb fruit picking device, and the connected fruit picking troughs The left side wall (8) of the body, the right side wall (9) of the fruit picking trough body and the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking trough body respectively form the left side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel. The right side wall of the fruit picking channel and the bottom wall of the peanut and seedling fruit picking channel, the fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) of the two adjacent fruit picking rollers are connected to the axis of their fruit picking roller drum rotating shaft (6). When the positions of the lines intersect, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each of the fruit picking rollers closes the upper part of the passage for picking off the peanuts, so that the passages for picking off the peanuts are relatively closed; The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives each of the fruit-picking rollers to rotate through the transmission device (53), so that each of the fruit-picking rollers rotates in the same direction, and the fruit-picking located in the peanut seedling-picking passage The roller teeth (5) pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the rear, and each of the fruit picking roller teeth (5) passes through the gap between the fixed teeth (7), thereby producing a split in the opposite direction to the peanut seedlings. Pulling action to pull the peanut fruit from the peanut seedling; The flotation type fruit seedling separation device includes two or more flotation mechanisms; The flotation mechanism includes a frame (3), a fruit and seedling separation roller and a grooved peanut separation screen, and the fruit and seedling separation roller has the same structure as the fruit picking roller: the fruit and seedling separation roller includes a fruit and seedling separation roller drum ( 52), the fruit and seedling separation roller moving teeth (15) are evenly distributed on the cylindrical surface of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum (52), and the fruit and seedling separation roller drum (52) passes through the fruit and seedling separation roller drum rotating shaft (11) The left and right ends are respectively supported on the left and right sides of the frame (3). The bottom of the fruit seedling separation roller, the grooved peanut separation screen includes a separation screen groove body, the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body is a screen for screening peanuts, and the grooved peanut separation screen groove body The left side wall (13) and the right side wall (14) of the trough type peanut separating screen groove body are respectively fixed on the left side and the right side of the frame (3); The connection mode of the two or more flotation mechanisms constituting the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is as follows: the left side wall (13) of the front separation screen tank body, the right side wall of the separation screen tank body (14) and the rear end of the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body are respectively connected with the left side wall (13) of the latter separation screen groove body, and the right side wall (14) of the separation screen groove body ) is connected with the front end of the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body, and each of the separation screen groove bodies connected together forms the fruit seedling separation channel of the flotation type fruit seedling separation device, and is connected to the The left side wall (13) of the separation screen groove body, the right side wall (14) of the separation screen groove body and the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body form the fruit seedling separation channel respectively. The left side wall, the right side wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel and the bottom wall of the fruit and seedling separation channel; When the connecting lines of the axes of the rotating shafts (11) of the seedling separation rollers intersect each other, they are inserted into each other's gaps, so that each of the fruit seedling separation rollers closes the upper part of the fruit seedling separation passage, so that the fruit seedling separation passage is relatively closed. ; The engine power output shaft of the peanut harvester drives each of the fruit and seedling separation rollers to rotate through the transmission device, so that each of the fruit and seedling separation rollers rotates in the same direction and is located in the fruit and seedling separation passage. The fruit seedling separation roller teeth (15) pull the peanut seedlings from the front to the rear, so as to stir the peanut fruit and peanut seedling in the separated state and transport them to the rear end in a churning and rotating state. drop, and discharge the peanut seedlings from the outlet at the rear end of the fruit seedling separation channel; The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device is mainly composed of the grate-comb-type fruit picking device at the front end and the flotation-type fruit seedling separating device at the rear end connected together in the following manner: The side wall, the right side wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel and the rear end of the bottom wall of the peanut seedling fruit picking channel are respectively the left side wall of the fruit seedling separation channel, the fruit seedling separation channel The right side wall and the front end of the bottom wall of the fruit seedling separation channel are connected to form a peanut seedling fruit picking separation channel. In the flotation type fruit and seedling separation device, the fruit and seedling separation roller moving teeth (15) of the fruit and seedling separation roller at the front of the flotation type fruit and seedling separation roller are inserted into each other's gaps when the positions of the connecting lines of the axes of the drum rotating shafts intersect each other, so that each The fruit picking roller and each of the fruit and seedling separation rollers close the upper part of the peanut and seedling picking and separating channel, so that the peanut and seedling picking and separating channel is relatively closed. 2 . The device for picking and separating peanuts and fruit seedlings for a peanut harvester according to claim 1 , wherein the moving teeth (5) of the fruit-picking roller are evenly distributed on the outer surface of the fruit-picking roller drum (4). The method is as follows: each of the fruit-picking roller moving teeth (5) is arranged in a ring at equal intervals in the circumferential direction of the fruit-picking roller drum (4) to form each circumferential fruit-picking roller moving tooth group, and each of the fruit-picking roller moving teeth (5) along the The fruit picking roller drums (4) are radially arranged at equal intervals to form each radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group, and each circumferential fruit picking roller moving tooth group consists of each fruit picking roller in each of the radial fruit picking roller moving tooth groups. The moving teeth (5) are formed in a ring arrangement on the circumference of the fruit picking roller drum (4), and the fruit picking roller moving teeth (5) in each adjacent radial fruit picking roller moving tooth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, The radially arranged positions of the fruit picking roller teeth (5) in the adjacent radial fruit picking roller tooth groups correspond to the respective gaps of the fixed teeth (7). The arrangement spacing in the radial direction of the fruit picking roller teeth (5) in the roller teeth group is the dynamic spacing of the fruit picking roller teeth; the fruit seedling separation roller teeth (15) are outside the fruit seedling separation roller drum (52). The uniform distribution of the surface is as follows: the moving teeth (15) of the fruit and seedling separating rollers are arranged in a ring at equal intervals along the circumference of the fruit and seedling separating roller (52). The moving teeth (15) of the seedling separation rollers are arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum (52) to form respective radial moving tooth groups of the fruit and seedling separation rollers, and each of the circumferential moving tooth groups of the fruit and seedling separation rollers is composed of spaced apart rollers. The fruit and seedling separation roller teeth (15) in each of the radial fruit and seedling separation roller tooth groups are formed in a ring on the circumference of the fruit and seedling separation roller drum (52). The fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth (15) in the seedling separating roller moving teeth group are arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction, and the arrangement spacing is the dynamic spacing between the fruit seedling separating roller moving teeth. 3. A kind of peanut harvester according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device is characterized in that: the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking groove groove body of each said fruit picking mechanism is an arc body bottom wall, the bottom wall of the arc-shaped body is concentric with the corresponding drum; each fixed tooth (7) in each of the fruit picking mechanisms is inclined backward, and is provided with an inclination angle adjustment structure: each row of the fixed teeth (7) The teeth (7) are fixed at intervals on each fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft (29), the fixed tooth angle adjustment shaft (29) is located below the bottom wall (10) of the fruit picking slot body, and the fixed tooth angle adjustment The left end and the right end of the shaft (29) are respectively rotatably connected with the left and right sides of the frame (3). Bar-shaped holes, each of the fixing teeth (7) extends from the bottom through the bar-shaped holes on the bottom wall (10) of the fruit-picking slot body into the groove cavity of the fruit-picking slot body. An angle adjustment handle (30) is radially fixed at the end of the tooth angle adjustment shaft (29), a positioning hole is arranged on the angle adjustment handle (30), and a plurality of corresponding parts are arranged on the frame (3). The angle adjustment holes (31) corresponding to the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle (30) are inserted into the different angle adjustment holes (32) through the positioning holes on the angle adjustment handle (30). 31), each of the fixed teeth (7) corresponds to different inclination angles respectively. 4. The peanut harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body of each said flotation mechanism is an arc-shaped screen mesh , the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body is coaxial with the corresponding drum, and the bottom wall (12) of the separation screen groove body is fixed on the frame (3) by a spring (33). superior. 5 . The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester according to claim 4 , wherein the grate-comb-type fruit-picking device is formed by combining three fruit-picking mechanisms; The peanut seedling and fruit picking channel of the device is inclined upward from front to back; the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is formed by combining four flotation mechanisms, and the fruit seedling separation device of the flotation type fruit seedling separation device is formed. Channel level setting. 6 . The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester according to claim 5 , wherein the fruit picking roller teeth (5) in each of the fruit picking mechanisms, and the fixed teeth (7) in each of the fruit picking mechanisms. 7 . And each of the fruit and seedling separating roller teeth (15) are elastic teeth. The axis lines of the drums are parallel, so that the elastic teeth have elasticity in the front and rear directions of the circumference of the drum to which they are fixed, and the fruit picking roller teeth (5) and the fruit seedling separation roller teeth (15) are directed to The opposite direction of rotation of the drum is inclined. 7 . The peanut fruit seedling picking and separating device for a peanut harvester according to claim 6 , wherein the fruit picking roller drum (4) and the fruit seedling separation roller drum (52) are hollow structures. 8 . drum; the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit picking rollers in each of the grate-comb-type fruit picking devices gradually decreases from front to back; the dynamic spacing of the moving teeth of the fruit and seedling separation rollers in each of the flotation-type fruit seedling separation devices gradually decreases from front to back.

Images