CN211904933U - A rock sample experimental device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rock sample experimental apparatus belongs to rock mechanics experiment technical field. A rock sample experimental apparatus comprising: the testing device comprises a shell, and a heating assembly, a pressurizing assembly and a testing piece which are connected with the shell; the shell comprises an upper shell and a lower shell which are mutually buckled and detachably connected along the vertical direction; the top of the upper shell is provided with an upper pressure head, the upper pressure head penetrates through the top of the upper shell and is in sliding fit with the upper shell, the side wall of the upper pressure head is provided with a limiting bulge, and the limiting bulge is positioned on the inner side of the upper shell; the bottom of the lower shell is provided with a lower pressure head corresponding to the upper pressure head. The utility model discloses can simulate dark rock mass high temperature, high stress, the pressurized real existence environment of pore water pressure, obtain the deformation and the destruction condition of rock mass sample, the test data deviation that obtains is less to can provide the experiment support for dangerous evaluation of engineering and stability prediction.

Description

A rock sample experimental device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of rock mechanics experiments, in particular to a rock sample experimental device.

Background technique

Deep rock mechanics problems are encountered in dam construction, tunnel excavation, and deep resource mining. The study of the interaction between rock mass and the occurrence environment is an important research direction of rock mechanics. etc. are of great significance.

In practical engineering, rocks are often in direct contact with water, and rocks also bear a certain water pressure while interacting with water. In addition, with the increase of burial depth, the in-situ stress on the rock mass increases and the formation temperature increases significantly, resulting in the nonlinear and irreversible mechanical characteristics of the deep rock mass.

At present, when mechanical experiments are performed on rock samples, the rock samples are simply pressurized, or the rock samples are pressurized in a water-immersed environment, which cannot simulate the real effects of high temperature, high stress, and water pressure in deep rock masses. storage environment, resulting in large deviations in the obtained experimental data.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a rock sample experimental device, so as to solve the problem that the existing rock mechanics experiments cannot completely simulate the high temperature, high stress, water pressure and other occurrence environments where the deep rock mass is located, thus resulting in the obtained experimental data. big deviation problem.

The technical scheme that the utility model solves the above-mentioned technical problem is as follows:

A rock sample experimental device, comprising: a casing, a heating assembly, a pressure assembly and a test piece connected with the casing; the casing comprises an upper casing and a lower casing that are mutually buckled and detachably connected along a vertical direction The top of the upper casing is provided with an upper pressure head, the upper pressure head penetrates through the top of the upper casing and is slidably matched with the upper casing, the side wall of the upper pressure head is provided with a limit protrusion, and the limit protrusion is located on the upper shell The inner side of the lower casing is provided with a lower pressure head corresponding to the upper pressure head.

The heating assembly of the utility model is used for simulating a high temperature environment, and the pressurizing assembly is used for simulating a pore water pressure environment. The upper and lower indenters are in contact with both ends of the rock sample, and an axial load is applied to the upper indenter through a testing machine, In order to simulate the stress state of a certain deep buried rock, the test piece is used to measure the axial deformation of the rock sample, so as to simulate the real occurrence environment of high temperature, high stress and water pressure, and obtain the deformation and damage of the rock sample. The deviation of test data is small, which can provide theoretical support for engineering risk assessment and stability prediction.

In addition, the shell is in two sections, which is convenient for taking and placing rock samples. The limit protrusion of the upper indenter can avoid the danger of the upper indenter being separated from the upper shell under the action of pressure. The two-section shell It can also facilitate the installation of the upper indenter with limited protrusion and the rock sample.

Further, the above-mentioned heating assembly includes a heating ring and a temperature sensor, the heating ring is sleeved on the outer side of the casing, and the temperature sensor is arranged at a position of the casing away from the heating ring.

The heating ring of the utility model is used to heat the internal temperature of the casing, and the temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature inside the casing. At the same time, when the temperature sensor is arranged at a position where the casing is far from the heating ring, the temperature gradient can be avoided. The temperature in the shell is not judged accurately, and at the same time, the temperature measuring part of the temperature sensor is close to the surface of the sample, so that the real temperature of the sample can be reflected.

Further, the above-mentioned pressurizing assembly includes a fluid input pipe and a pressure gauge, the fluid input pipe is communicated with the top of the inner cavity of the upper casing, and the pressure gauge is arranged on the top of the upper casing.

The fluid input pipe of the utility model can input water and gas into the shell, and adjust the water pressure in the shell through the water and the gas. The pressure is easy and the change of the water pressure is stable, which is beneficial to the experiment.

In conventional experiments, only the water pressure is applied to the rock samples. Since the water is not easily compressed, it is not easy to pressurize or the pressure changes are small, which is not conducive to the experiment. When the utility model is pressurized, water is first injected into the shell until the rock sample is submerged or the inner cavity of the shell is filled, and then a certain pressure of gas is injected into the interior of the shell to generate water pressure. The change is stable and the air pressure changes slowly, so that the water pressure acting on the rock sample can increase slowly and steadily, which is beneficial to the experiment.

Further, the fluid input pipe is provided with a first valve and a gas flow meter.

The first valve and the gas flow meter of the utility model are used to control the flow rate of fluid, especially the flow rate of gas, and adjust the speed of water pressure rise.

Further, the above-mentioned test piece is a linear displacement sensor.

The linear displacement sensor of the utility model is used for detecting the axial displacement of the sample during the experiment.

Further, the above-mentioned rock sample experimental device further comprises a fluid output pipe and a second valve arranged on the fluid output pipe, and the fluid output pipe communicates with the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower casing.

The fluid output pipe of the utility model is used to discharge the fluid in the casing after the experiment is completed.

Further, the contact position between the upper casing and the lower casing is provided with a first high temperature sealing gasket, and the contact position between the upper casing and the upper pressure head is provided with a second high temperature sealing gasket.

The utility model is provided with a high-temperature sealing gasket at each connection position to ensure that the sealing can be performed even in a high-temperature environment, to ensure that no leakage phenomenon occurs in a high-temperature and high-pressure environment, and to ensure the smooth progress of the experiment.

Further, a concentric stepped hole is provided on the top of the above-mentioned lower pressing head, and a matching cushion block is provided in the concentric stepped hole.

The concentric stepped holes of the utility model are used for placing rock samples of different specifications, and the bottom of the rock samples is supported by the pads, so that experiments can be performed on different rock samples.

Further, the bottom of the above-mentioned lower pressure head is provided with a centering hole.

The centering hole of the utility model is used to connect with the axis locating pin of the experimental table, so as to ensure that the central axis of the rock sample coincides with the central axis of the indenter of the experimental machine.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The utility model can simulate the real occurrence environment of high temperature, high stress and pore water pressure in the deep rock mass, obtain the deformation and damage of the rock mass sample, and the obtained test data deviation is small, so it can be used for engineering Risk assessment and stability prediction provide theoretical support.

(2) The utility model adopts the design of the upper and lower shells, which is easy to disassemble and assemble, stable in connection, reliable in sealing, simple and fast in taking and placing of rock experiments, and each component will not be separated under the action of pressure, which reduces the impact of high temperature, Hazards under pressure, in addition, compared to the "lid-barrel structure", the design of the upper and lower shells disperses the local pressure at the lid and lid-barrel seal during the pressurization process, improving the stability and sealing of the device .

(3) The arrangement of the heating assembly of the present invention can avoid inaccurate judgment of the temperature in the casing due to the temperature gradient.

(4) When the utility model pressurizes the pore water pressure, because the water pressure changes steadily and the air pressure changes slowly, the water pressure acting on the rock sample can be increased slowly and steadily, which is beneficial to the experiment.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the rock sample experimental device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the rock sample experimental device of the present invention when the rock sample is tested.

In the figure: 10-upper shell; 11-upper indenter; 12-limiting protrusion; 20-lower shell; 21-lower indenter; 22-concentric stepped hole; 23-centering hole; 24-spacer ;31-heating ring;32-temperature sensor;41-fluid input pipe;42-pressure gauge;43-first valve;44-gas flow meter;51-fluid output pipe;52-second valve;60-first High temperature gasket; 70-second high temperature gasket; 80-lug; 81-connecting bolt; 90-rock sample.

Detailed ways

The principles and features of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and the examples are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Example

Referring to FIG. 1, a rock sample experimental device includes: a casing, and a heating assembly, a pressurizing assembly, a test piece and a fluid output assembly respectively disposed on the casing. The heating component is used to simulate a high temperature environment; the pressurized component is used to input fluid into the casing to simulate the pressure environment; the test piece is used to measure the axial deformation of the rock sample; the fluid output component is used to discharge the fluid in the casing after the test is completed; The external testing machine can axially pressurize the rock sample inside the shell, simulating the high stress inside the rock. By simulating the real occurrence environment of high temperature, high stress, and pore water pressure, the deformation and flat failure of rock mass samples are obtained, and the obtained test data has a small deviation, which can provide engineering risk assessment and stability prediction. theoretical support.

The casing includes an upper casing 10 and a lower casing 20 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. Both the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20 are open at one end, and the upper casing 10 and the opening of the lower casing 20 are fastened together. The upper shell 10 and the lower shell 20 are provided with lugs 80 at the opening edges. After the upper shell 10 and the lower shell 20 are fastened together, the upper shell 10 and the lower shell 20 are connected together by connecting bolts 81. At the same time, a first high temperature gasket 60 is provided at the contact position of the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20 to avoid leakage in a high environment. In other embodiments of the present invention, the connection between the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20 may also adopt a detachable connection such as snap connection.

The top of the upper casing 10 is provided with an upper indenter 11, which penetrates through the top of the upper casing 10 and is slidingly matched with the upper casing 10. Under the action of the experimental machine, the upper indenter 11 and the upper casing 10 Sliding to achieve pressure on the rock sample 90 . The side wall of the upper pressure head 11 is provided with a limit protrusion 12, and the limit protrusion 12 is located in the inner cavity of the upper casing 10 to prevent the upper pressure head 11 from sliding out of the upper casing 10 under the action of water pressure danger occurs. A second high temperature sealing gasket 70 is provided at the position where the upper casing 10 contacts the upper pressure head 11 to avoid leakage in a high temperature and high pressure environment.

The bottom of the lower casing 20 is provided with a lower indenter 21, the top of the lower indenter 21 is provided with a concentric stepped hole 22 for placing rock samples 90 of different specifications, and the bottom of the lower indenter 21 is provided with a centering hole 23, It is used to connect with the axis locating pin of the experimental bench to ensure that the central axis of the rock sample 90 coincides with the central axis of the indenter of the experimental machine. The inside of the concentric stepped hole 22 is provided with a matching spacer block 24. By removing the corresponding spacer block 24, the rock sample 90 can be limited by the concentric stepped hole 22, and the remaining spacer block 24 can be used for the rock sample. 90 for support to ensure the accuracy of the experiment. In this embodiment, the central axis of the concentric stepped hole 22 coincides with the central axis of the centering hole 23 .

The heating assembly includes a heating ring 31 and a temperature sensor 32 . The heating ring 31 is sleeved on the outer side of the casing, and the temperature sensor 32 is arranged on the top of the casing. In this embodiment, the number of the heating rings 31 is 2, and they are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20 . In order to make the heating more uniform, the number of heating rings 31 can also be 3, 4, 5, etc., which are respectively sleeved on the outer sides of the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20 . In order to prevent the temperature sensor 32 from being affected by the temperature gradient, the temperature sensor 32 is arranged at a position away from the heating ring 31. In this embodiment, the temperature sensor 32 is arranged on the top of the upper casing 10. Obviously, the temperature sensor 32 can also be arranged at the bottom the bottom of the housing 20 . In order to accurately measure the sample temperature, the temperature measuring part of the temperature sensor 32 is close to the surface of the rock sample.

The pressurized assembly includes a fluid input pipe 41 and a pressure gauge 42 . The fluid input pipe 41 communicates with the top of the upper casing 10 and is used to input liquid and gas into the casing. The fluid input pipe 41 is provided with a first valve 43 and a gas flow meter 44 to control the amount of input liquid or gas. A pressure gauge 42 is provided on the top of the upper casing 10 for measuring the pressure in the casing.

The test piece position line displacement sensor is located outside the upper indenter 11, and is used to measure the deformation of the rock sample 90 in the axial direction.

The fluid output assembly includes a fluid output pipe 51 and a second valve 52 disposed on the fluid output pipe 51. The fluid output pipe 51 communicates with the bottom of the lower casing 20 for discharging the liquid in the casing.

Please refer to Figure 2, the experimental process of the rock sample experimental device of the present utility model:

(1) Place the lower casing 20 on the test table, and place the pin on the test table in the centering hole 23;

(2) According to the size of the rock sample, select a suitable stepped hole spacer 24, and vertically place the rock sample 90 into the concentric stepped hole 22 of the lower indenter 21;

(3) Insert the upper indenter 11 through the top of the upper case 10 from the inside of the upper case 10, and place the second high temperature gasket 70 at the position where the upper case 10 and the upper indenter 11 are in contact, and the upper indenter 11 and the second high temperature gasket 70 will not fall under the action of friction;

(4) Fasten the upper casing 10 on the lower casing 20, place the first high temperature gasket 60 at the contact position between the upper casing 10 and the lower casing 20, and then connect the upper casing 10 and the lower casing with bolts The shell 20 is connected;

(5) Water is injected into the shell through the fluid input pipe 41 until the shell is filled with water (at least the rock sample is submerged);

(6) Connect the fluid input pipe 41 with the nitrogen cylinder, apply nitrogen with a certain pressure in the casing to adjust the pressure in the casing, and simultaneously heat the medium in the casing through the heating ring 31;

(7) Start the uniaxial creep machine, and the indenter of the uniaxial creep machine applies an axial load to the upper indenter 11, so as to carry out the experiment on the rock sample 90;

(8) After the experiment is completed, cut off the fluid input pipe 41 through the first valve 43 , then open the second valve 52 to discharge the water in the casing, remove the upper casing 10 , and finally take out the rock sample 90 .

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection of the utility model.

Claims (9)

1. A rock sample experimental apparatus, comprising: the testing device comprises a shell, and a heating assembly, a pressurizing assembly and a testing piece which are connected with the shell; the shell comprises an upper shell (10) and a lower shell (20) which are mutually buckled and detachably connected along the vertical direction; an upper pressure head (11) is arranged at the top of the upper shell (10), the upper pressure head (11) penetrates through the top of the upper shell (10) and is in sliding fit with the upper shell (10), a limiting protrusion (12) is arranged on the side wall of the upper pressure head (11), and the limiting protrusion (12) is located on the inner side of the upper shell (10); and a lower pressure head (21) corresponding to the upper pressure head (11) is arranged at the bottom of the lower shell (20).

2. The rock sample testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the heating assembly comprises a heating ring (31) and a temperature sensor (32), the heating ring (31) is sleeved on the outer side of the housing, and the temperature sensor (32) is arranged at a position of the housing far away from the heating ring (31).

3. The rock sample testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the pressurizing assembly comprises a fluid input tube (41) and a pressure gauge (42), the fluid input tube (41) is communicated with the top of the inner cavity of the upper housing (10), and the pressure gauge (42) is disposed on the top of the upper housing (10).

4. A rock sample experimental apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the fluid input pipe (41) is provided with a first valve (43) and a gas flow meter (44).

5. The rock sample testing apparatus of claim 1, wherein the test piece is a linear displacement transducer.

6. The rock sample testing apparatus of claim 1, further comprising a fluid outlet pipe (51) and a second valve (52) disposed on the fluid outlet pipe (51), wherein the fluid outlet pipe (51) is in communication with the bottom of the inner cavity of the lower housing (20).

7. The rock sample testing device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that a first high temperature sealing gasket (60) is provided at the contact position between the upper housing (10) and the lower housing (20), and a second high temperature sealing gasket (70) is provided at the contact position between the upper housing (10) and the upper pressure head (11).

8. The rock sample experimental device according to claim 7, characterized in that the top of the lower pressure head (21) is provided with a concentric stepped hole (22), and the inside of the concentric stepped hole (22) is provided with a matched cushion block (24).

9. A rock sample experimental apparatus according to claim 8, characterized in that the bottom of the lower pressure head (21) is provided with a centering hole (23).

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