CN211825377U - In-situ online observation testing machine for simulating abrasive wear process of underground sealing element - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of a downhole seal, which comprises a mud cavity and a lubrication cavity. A glass shaft tube is arranged along the axis of the mud cavity and the lubrication cavity, and the glass shaft tube is driven by a motor to conduct Rotation; the upper end of the glass shaft tube is located in the lubricating cavity; the annulus between the bottom plate of the lubricating cavity and the glass shaft tube is sealed by a sealing box; the open end extends into the thermal imaging probe and endoscope, the lighting surface of the endoscope and the thermal imaging The probes are all set towards the ring groove. The in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals proposed by the utility model can simulate the drilling fluid parameters, lubricating medium parameters, seal installation parameters and environmental working conditions parameters during the drilling process. The abrasive wear process can be observed in situ and recorded in real time in the process of the intrusion of the abrasive particles into the sealing interface in the drilling fluid environment under the continuous rotational motion of the seal, and the temperature of the sealing interface can be monitored online.

Description

An in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of abrasive wear testing of rubber-plastic rotary dynamic seals in a complex environment where multiple working conditions are coupled in drilling engineering, in particular to an in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals.

Background technique

my country is rich in geological resources reserves, but nearly 75% of the resources are stored in strata below 5,000 meters. Get more geological resources. In drilling engineering, especially in deep well and ultra-deep well drilling, it takes a lot of manpower and material resources to replace parts and components, and it will also reduce the stability of the wellbore and cause accidents such as wellbore collapse. Improving the service life of downhole seals can effectively improve drilling efficiency and reduce bottom hole accidents.

Rubber-plastic seals are one of the commonly used rotary dynamic seals in drilling engineering. Working in complex downhole environments, seals usually have a short life due to wear and tear of abrasive particles. Among the seals that have been put into use in the world at present, the best performance is produced in Russia, and its service life is only about 250 hours. This has led to the slow development of deep well and ultra-deep well drilling technology, and sealing technology has become one of the bottlenecks restricting the development of deep geological drilling. The abrasive wear mechanism of seals in complex downhole conditions is still unclear, which greatly affects the research and development progress of downhole seals. Therefore, it is necessary to design an experimental device that can observe the abrasive wear process of downhole seals in situ.

Necessity and engineering background of in-situ observation of abrasive wear of downhole seals

The friction process of seals in the drilling environment is very complex, from the intrusion of abrasive particles into the sealing interface in the grinding environment, to the frictional motion state of abrasive particles on the sealing interface, and then to the leakage state of the sealing interface after the intrusion of abrasive particles. the influence of a factor. The influencing factors mainly include drilling fluid parameters: abrasive particle concentration, abrasive particle size, abrasive particle composition, abrasive particle shape, drilling fluid viscosity, drilling fluid PH value, drilling fluid base slurry type, etc.; lubricating medium parameters: lubricating oil density, lubricating oil Viscosity, additive composition, etc.; seal installation parameters: compressibility, eccentricity, seal surface texture, extrusion gap, etc.; environmental conditions parameters: temperature, pressure difference, drilling fluid circulation speed, axial vibration, radial vibration Wait.

In order to explore the abrasive wear law of seals under multi-working conditions and multi-working-condition coupled environments, especially the law of the intrusion of abrasive particles such as drilling fluid solid phase additives and cuttings into the sealing interface in the drilling environment, and the friction and wear mechanism after invasion, Sealed friction interfaces that require in situ observation of continuous rotational motion. It can provide theoretical basis and experimental basis for the development of new seals and sealing structures in line with downhole working conditions.

Abrasive wear of rubber and plastic seals is a subject of extensive research. However, most of the current research methods belong to the black box method. The tribological behavior of abrasive particles at the friction interface is inferred through the experimental results. This research method is suitable for working in a simple working environment. Seals have greater guiding significance. However, in the complex environment of the multi-condition coupling of the drilling environment, if only the black-box method is used to infer the tribological behavior of the abrasive particles at the friction interface, not only a large number of experimental verifications are required, but also the analysis is difficult. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a test device that can observe the abrasive wear process of downhole seals online in situ.

At present, there are many experimental devices for in-situ observation of the friction interface, but they are mainly suitable for small-scale movements with an open friction interface, but there is no in-situ observation device for the rotating dynamic seal, which has a closed annular friction interface and performs continuous rotation. In addition, the current experimental device cannot observe the samples immersed in the medium environment in situ, and cannot simulate the working environment of the drilling fluid-lubricating oil coupling of the downhole seal. In addition, the temperature of the friction interface is one of the important indicators to characterize the friction and wear performance, and the current experimental device does not have the ability to monitor the temperature of the friction interface online.

Simulation of complex downhole working conditions is one of the key points in studying the friction and wear mechanism of downhole seals. Downhole seals play a role in isolating the drilling fluid environment and the lubricating environment. When simulating working conditions, the coupling between the drilling fluid and the sealing medium needs to be considered at the same time. The current experimental device only realizes the simulation of the drilling fluid environment, and does not consider the influence of the lubricating environment.

Utility model content

In view of the shortcomings and deficiencies in the above-mentioned prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide an in-situ online observation test device for simulating the abrasive wear process of the downhole seal, which can simulate complex drilling by adjusting the parameters of the working condition of the seal. It can obtain real-time image information of the dynamic process of abrasive wear in the continuous rotating friction interface, and realize online monitoring of the temperature distribution of the friction interface.

The purpose of this utility model is to realize through the following technical solutions:

An in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals, comprising a mud cavity and a lubrication cavity arranged coaxially, the lubrication cavity is suspended and installed in the mud cavity by bolts, and is arranged along the axis of the mud cavity and the lubrication cavity There is a glass shaft tube, and the glass shaft tube is driven by a motor to rotate; the upper end of the glass shaft tube is located in the lubrication chamber, and the bottom end of the glass shaft tube runs through the lubrication chamber and the bottom plate of the mud chamber in order and is located below the mud chamber, and the upper end of the glass shaft tube is closed. The lower end is the open end; the annular space between the lubricating chamber bottom plate and the glass shaft tube is sealed by a sealing box, and a ring groove for installing the seal to be tested is opened on the side of the sealing box facing the glass shaft tube; extending through the open end A thermal imaging probe and an endoscope are inserted into the endoscope, and the light-harvesting surface of the endoscope and the thermal imaging probe are both arranged toward the annular groove.

Preferably, the signal line of the thermal imaging probe and the signal line of the endoscope are bound together by a signal tube, the signal tube is suspended and installed in the glass shaft tube by a bearing, and the bearing is filled in the glass shaft tube by an elastic bearing sleeve .

Preferably, a bearing tube is arranged under the glass shaft tube, a thrust bearing is arranged at the upper end of the bearing tube, a vibration receiving block is installed at the lower end of the bearing tube, and a first vibration exciter in a vertical direction is arranged below the vibration receiving block; The lower end of the glass shaft tube is provided with a thrust bearing to isolate the rotation, and an elastic gasket is arranged between the thrust bearing and the lower end face of the glass shaft tube; the motor is connected with the upper end of the glass shaft tube through the connecting shaft, and the glass shaft tube and the glass shaft tube are connected by bolts through bolts. The connecting shafts are fixedly connected together, and elastic spacers are also arranged between the opposite surfaces of the glass shaft tube and the connecting shaft.

Preferably, a mud inlet is provided below the mud pool, a mud outlet is provided on the top plate of the mud pool, a turbulence plate is provided above the mud inlet, and the inner wall of the mud cavity is correspondingly provided with an annular step surface, the turbulent The edge of the flow plate is fixed on the annular step surface.

Preferably, the turbulent flow plate is provided with a row of through holes arranged at equal intervals along the radial direction, and a plurality of rows of through holes are arranged on the turbulent flow plate, and each row of through holes is radially distributed with the glass shaft tube as the center.

Preferably, it also includes a mud pool and a mud chamber pressurizing pump, the mud pool is connected to the mud inlet and the mud outlet respectively through pipes, and the mud pump is used for mud circulation with the mud chamber, and a heating device is provided below the mud pool. An agitator is arranged in the mud pool, and the mud chamber pressurizing pump is communicated with the mud pool.

Preferably, it also includes a lubricating medium pool and a lubricating chamber pressurizing pump, the lubricating chamber is fixed on the top plate of the mud pool by bolts, the top plate of the mud pool is provided with a lubricating medium inlet corresponding to the lubricating chamber, and the lubricating medium pool is connected to the lubricating medium pool through a pipeline. The lubricating medium inlet is connected, a heating device is arranged below the lubricating medium pool, and the lubricating chamber pressurizing pump is communicated with the lubricating medium pool.

Preferably, a second vibration exciter in a horizontal direction is provided on one side of the vibration receiving block.

Preferably, the side wall of the bearing tube is provided with an opening for the signal tube to pass through, and the thermal imaging signal line and the endoscope signal line in the signal tube are connected to a display after passing through the bearing tube.

Preferably, the mud pool is suspended by a second bracket, and the motor is suspended above the mud pool by a first bracket.

Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention has at least the following advantages:

The in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals proposed by the utility model can simulate the drilling fluid parameters, lubricating medium parameters, seal installation parameters and environmental working conditions parameters during the drilling process. The abrasive wear process can be observed in situ and recorded in real time in the process of the intrusion of the abrasive particles into the sealing interface in the drilling fluid environment under the continuous rotational motion of the seal, and the temperature of the sealing interface can be monitored online.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the in-situ online observation test machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals according to the present invention.

Reference numerals; 1, mud chamber; 2, lubrication chamber; 3, motor; 4, first support; 5, second support; 6, turbulence plate; 7, heating device; 8, mud chamber pressurizing pump; 9 , lubricating cavity pressure pump; 10, lubricating medium pool; 11, mud pool; 12, agitator; 13, mud pool feeding port; 14, lubricating medium pool feeding port; 15, thermal imaging probe; 16, endoscopy Mirror; 17, elastic gasket; 18, reflective mirror surface; 19, seal to be tested; 20, sealing letter; 21, thrust bearing; 22, glass shaft tube; 23, elastic bearing sleeve; 24, display; 25, bearing pipe; 26, mud inlet; 27, vibration receiving block; 28, first exciter; 29, second exciter; 30, connecting shaft; 31, signal pipe; 32, lubricating medium inlet.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in further detail below in conjunction with FIG. 1 and the examples. The following examples are only descriptive, not restrictive, and cannot limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

An in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of downhole seals, comprising a mud chamber 1 and a lubrication chamber 2 coaxially arranged, the lubrication chamber 2 is suspended and installed in the mud chamber 1 by bolts, and is installed along the mud chamber 1 and the The axis of the lubrication chamber 2 is provided with a glass shaft tube 22, and the glass shaft tube 22 is driven by the motor 3 to rotate; the upper end of the glass shaft tube 22 is located in the lubrication chamber 2, and the lower end runs through the lubrication chamber 2 and the bottom plate of the mud chamber 1 in sequence in the mud. Below the cavity 1, the upper end of the glass shaft tube 22 is a closed end, and the lower end is an open end; the annular space between the bottom plate of the lubricating cavity 2 and the glass shaft tube 22 is sealed by the sealing box 20, and the sealing box 20 faces the glass shaft tube. One side of the 22 is provided with a ring groove for installing the seal 19 to be tested; the thermal imaging probe 15 and the endoscope 16 are extended through the open end, and the light-collecting surface of the endoscope 16 and the thermal imaging probe 15 are facing the Ring groove settings. Specifically, the thermal imaging probe 15 adopts a 32*24 lattice infrared thermal imaging sensor, and the endoscope 16 can be a medical endoscope 16. A reflective mirror surface 18 inclined at 45° is arranged in front of the lens of the mirror 16 , through which the vertically arranged endoscope 16 can observe the abrasive wear process of the horizontally arranged seal to be tested 19 .

The signal line of the thermal imaging probe 15 and the signal line of the endoscope 16 are bound together by a signal tube 31 , the signal tube 31 is suspended and installed in the glass shaft tube 22 by a bearing, and the bearing is filled by the elastic bearing sleeve 23 Inside the glass shaft tube 22 .

A bearing tube 25 is arranged below the glass shaft tube 22 , a thrust bearing 21 is arranged at the upper end of the bearing tube 25 , a vibration receiving block 27 is installed at the lower end of the bearing tube 25 , and a first vertical direction first is arranged below the vibration receiving block 27 . The vibration exciter 28; the lower end of the glass shaft tube 22 is provided with a thrust bearing 21 to isolate and rotate, and an elastic gasket 17 is arranged between the thrust bearing 21 and the lower end face of the glass shaft tube 22; the motor 3 is connected to the glass shaft through the connecting shaft 30. The upper ends of the tubes 22 are connected, and the glass shaft tube 22 and the connecting shaft 30 are fixedly connected together by bolts, and an elastic gasket 17 is also provided between the opposite surfaces of the glass shaft tube 22 and the connecting shaft 30 .

A mud inlet 26 is provided below the mud pool 11, a mud outlet is provided on the top plate of the mud pool 11, and a turbulent flow plate 6 is provided above the mud inlet 26. The inner wall of the mud chamber 1 is correspondingly provided with an annular step surface. The edge of the turbulent plate 6 is fixed on the annular step surface.

The turbulence plate 6 is provided with a row of through holes arranged at equal intervals in the radial direction. The turbulence plate 6 is provided with a plurality of rows of through holes, and each row of through holes is radially distributed with the glass shaft tube 22 as the center.

In order to realize the circulation of the mud liquid with the mud chamber 1, it also includes a mud pool 11 and a mud chamber pressurizing pump 8. The mud pool 11 is connected with the mud inlet 26 and the mud outlet respectively through pipes, and the mud pump is connected with the mud chamber 1 for mud. Circulation, a heating device 7 is provided below the mud pool 11 , an agitator 12 is provided in the mud pool 11 , and the mud chamber pressurizing pump 8 communicates with the mud pool 11 .

In order to inject the lubricating medium under pressure into the lubricating chamber 2, it also includes a lubricating medium pool 10 and a lubricating chamber pressurizing pump 9, the lubricating chamber 2 is fixed on the top plate of the mud pool 11 by bolts, and the top plate of the mud pool 11 corresponds to the lubrication The cavity 2 is provided with a lubricating medium inlet 32 , the lubricating medium pool 10 is connected to the lubricating medium inlet 32 through a pipeline, a heating device 7 is provided below the lubricating medium pool 10 , and the lubricating chamber pressurizing pump 9 is communicated with the lubricating medium pool 10 .

A second vibration exciter 29 in a horizontal direction is provided on one side of the vibration receiving block 27 .

On the side wall of the bearing tube 25, there is an opening for the signal tube 31 to pass through. 24 connections.

The mud pool 11 is suspended by the second bracket 5 , and the motor 3 is suspended above the mud pool 11 by the first bracket 4 .

The use of this test machine is as follows:

1. Implementation method of in situ online observation.

The in-situ observation of the friction interface can be realized through the combined use of the internal reflective mirror surface 18 and the endoscope 16; the temperature distribution of the friction interface can be obtained online through the thermal imaging probe 15; the signal line of the thermal imaging probe 15 and the endoscope 16 is set at the In the signal tube 31, the signal tube 31 is installed in the elastic bearing sleeve 23 supported by the rubber material, which can absorb the vibration of the glass shaft tube 22 to make the in-situ observation picture more stable; The signal line of the endoscope 16 and the signal tube 31 pass through the side wall opening of the bearing tube 25 so that the signal line of the endoscope 16 and the signal line of the thermal imaging probe 15 are connected to the display 24, which can display the real-time picture and temperature distribution picture of the friction interface.

2. Realization method of drilling fluid parameter simulation.

The mud chamber 1 is arranged outside the lubricating chamber 2, with 4 mud inlets 26 at the bottom and 4 mud outlets at the top. The mud inlet 26 and the mud outlet are connected to the mud pool 11 through pipes to form fluid circulation. The mud pool 11 is provided with a mud pool feed port 13, and the mud is injected into the mud pool 11 through the mud pool feed port 13, so that the simulation of different drilling fluid parameters can be realized, such as: different abrasive particle concentrations, abrasive particle size, Adjustment of abrasive particle composition, abrasive particle shape, drilling fluid viscosity, drilling fluid PH value, and drilling fluid base slurry type. The agitator 12 in the mud pool 11 can prevent the abrasive particles in the mud from settling to the bottom of the pool.

3. Simulation method of drilling fluid flow field in downhole environment.

In drilling engineering, the drilling fluid is injected into the drill pipe from the ground through the mud pump to the bottom of the well, and then returned to the surface from the well wall annulus, so the drilling fluid flow field where the downhole seal is located is uniform upward. In addition, the drilling fluid is a solid-liquid two-phase fluid. Only by ensuring that the flow field is consistent with the original working conditions in the testing machine can the mechanism of the solid-phase particles contained in the drilling fluid invading the sealing interface during the experiment is consistent with the laws of the real downhole environment.

If the experimental device is designed according to the real size of the downhole, the volume will be too large. In order to reduce the size of the experimental device, the utility model designs a turbulent flow plate 6 and four mud inlets 26, so that the speed of the mud entering the mud cavity 1 is higher. evenly. The spoiler is a circular plate with a plurality of through holes evenly arranged on the surface, and the diameter of the through holes is 10-30 times the diameter of the solid phase particles in the mud.

4. Realization method of lubricating medium parameter simulation.

The lubricating chamber 2 is arranged inside the mud chamber 1, the seal to be tested 19 is installed at the connection between the lubricating chamber 2 and the glass shaft, and four lubricating medium inlets 32 are evenly arranged on the upper part of the chamber, which are connected to the lubricating medium pool 10 through pipes, and lubricating The medium pool 10 is provided with a lubricating medium pool feed port 14, through which different lubricating medium parameters can be realized: lubricating oil density, lubricating oil viscosity, additive composition and other factors, as well as multi-factor coupling to the abrasive wear of seals influence of behavior.

5. The method for simulating the installation parameters of seals.

The glass shaft tube 22 is arranged inside the lubricating chamber 2, and the rotational motion of the motor 3 can be obtained through the connecting shaft 30; the motor 3 is arranged on the first bracket 4; by replacing the sealing box 20 of different specifications and sizes, different compression ratio parameters of the seal can be realized and simulation of the parameters of the extrusion gap; the sealing box 20 is fixed at the bottom of the lubrication chamber 2 by bolts; the simulation of the surface texture parameters of the seal can be realized by replacing the seal with different surface texture treatments.

6. The realization method of environmental working parameter simulation.

The mud pool 11 is provided with a mud chamber pressurizing pump 8 and a mud pool 11 heating device 7, and the lubricating medium pool 10 is provided with a lubricating chamber pressurizing pump 9 and a lubricating medium pool 10 heating device 7, which can realize the pressure difference of the seal during the working process. , simulation of high temperature, temperature difference and drilling fluid circulation speed; a bearing tube 25 is provided below the glass shaft tube 22 for transmitting vibration, and below the bearing tube 25 is a vibration receiving block 27, which can accept the axial vibration generated by the first vibration exciter 28 For the radial vibration generated by the second vibration exciter 29 , the first gasket and the second gasket are used for damping, so as to prevent the glass shaft tube 22 from being broken during the vibration. The above are only the preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this. The changes or replacements should be covered within the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The in-situ online observation testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the underground sealing element is characterized by comprising a slurry cavity and a lubrication cavity which are coaxially arranged, wherein the lubrication cavity is suspended and installed in the slurry cavity through a bolt, a glass shaft tube is arranged along the axes of the slurry cavity and the lubrication cavity, and the glass shaft tube is driven to rotate through a motor; the upper end of the glass shaft tube is positioned in the lubricating cavity, the lower end of the glass shaft tube sequentially penetrates through the lubricating cavity and the bottom plate of the slurry cavity and is positioned below the slurry cavity, the upper end of the glass shaft tube is a closed end, and the lower end of the glass shaft tube is an open end; an annular space between the lubricating cavity bottom plate and the glass shaft tube is sealed through a sealing box, and a ring groove for mounting a sealing element to be tested is formed in one side, facing the glass shaft tube, of the sealing box; stretch into thermal imaging probe and endoscope through the open end, the daylighting face and the thermal imaging probe of endoscope all face the annular sets up.

2. The in-situ online observation testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the downhole seal according to claim 1, wherein a signal wire of the thermal imaging probe and a signal wire of the endoscope are bound together through a signal pipe, the signal pipe is mounted in a glass shaft pipe in a hanging mode through a bearing, and the bearing is filled in the glass shaft pipe through an elastic bearing sleeve.

3. The in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the underground sealing element according to claim 2, wherein a bearing tube is arranged below the glass shaft tube, a thrust bearing is arranged at the upper end of the bearing tube, a vibration receiving block is arranged at the lower end of the bearing tube, and a first vibration exciter in the vertical direction is arranged below the vibration receiving block; the lower end of the glass shaft tube is provided with a thrust bearing for isolated rotation, and an elastic gasket is arranged between the thrust bearing and the lower end face of the glass shaft tube; the motor passes through the connecting axle to be connected with the upper end of glass central siphon, through the bolt with glass central siphon and connecting axle fixed connection together, also be provided with the resilient pad between the opposite face of glass central siphon and connecting axle.

4. An in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of a downhole seal according to claim 1, wherein a slurry inlet is arranged below the slurry cavity, a slurry outlet is arranged on the top plate of the slurry cavity, a turbulent flow plate is arranged above the slurry inlet, an annular step surface is correspondingly arranged on the inner wall of the slurry cavity, and the edge of the turbulent flow plate is fixed on the annular step surface.

5. The in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the downhole seal according to claim 4, wherein a row of through holes arranged at equal intervals is formed in the turbulent flow plate in the radial direction, and a plurality of rows of through holes are formed in the turbulent flow plate and are radially distributed by taking the glass shaft tube as the center.

6. The in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the downhole seal part as claimed in claim 4 or 5, further comprising a mud pit and a mud chamber pressure pump, wherein the mud pit is respectively connected with a mud inlet and a mud outlet through pipelines, mud circulation is performed between the mud pit and the mud chamber through a mud pump, a heating device is arranged below the mud pit, an agitator is arranged in the mud pit, and the mud chamber pressure pump is communicated with the mud pit.

7. The in-situ online observation testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the underground sealing element according to claim 1, further comprising a lubricating medium pool and a lubricating cavity pressure pump, wherein the lubricating cavity is fixed on a top plate of the mud pool through bolts, a lubricating medium inlet is formed in the top plate of the mud pool and corresponds to the lubricating cavity, the lubricating medium pool is connected with the lubricating medium inlet through a pipeline, a heating device is arranged below the lubricating medium pool, and the lubricating cavity pressure pump is communicated with the lubricating medium pool.

8. The in-situ on-line observation testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the underground sealing element according to claim 3, wherein a second vibration exciter in the horizontal direction is arranged on one side of the vibration receiving block.

9. The in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the downhole seal according to claim 3, wherein an opening for a signal tube to pass through is formed in the side wall of the bearing tube, and the thermal imaging signal line and the endoscope signal line in the signal tube are connected with a display after passing out of the bearing tube.

10. The in-situ online observation and testing machine for simulating the abrasive wear process of the underground sealing element according to claim 1, wherein the slurry cavity is arranged in a suspended mode through a second support, and the motor is arranged above the slurry cavity in a suspended mode through a first support.

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