CN211652391U - On-spot direct shear test device that can dismantle of soil stone mixture - Google Patents

Abstract

An on-site detachable direct shear test device for soil-rock mixture, comprising: a frame body, the bottom frame of which is mounted on the surface of the soil body; a horizontal bearing mechanism, arranged at the bottom of a support frame, including a shear box and a bearing part; a force applying unit, It includes a vertical force application part and a lateral force application part, wherein the vertical force application part is suspended on the top of the support frame, and the force application end of the vertical force application part is connected with the bearing part, which is used to provide the shear box of the horizontal bearing mechanism. Longitudinal pressure; the transverse force application part is installed on the side of the support frame, and keeps the force application end of the transverse force application part in contact with the box body of the shear box, so as to provide horizontal shear force to the shear box; and a plurality of detection units , which is arranged on the shear box and/or the carrying part of the horizontal carrying mechanism. The utility model has the beneficial effects of simple structure, convenient use, integral disassembly, and easy portability. Since the value is displayed by the sensor, the relevant data of the undisturbed in-situ soil can be obtained on the spot, so that the test result is more accurate.

Description

A field detachable direct shear test device for soil-rock mixture

technical field

The utility model relates to an on-site direct shear test device, especially in the field of large-scale soil field test parameter measurement technology.

Background technique

Direct shear test instruments are divided into indoor test direct shear instruments and field test direct shear instruments. The conventional indoor direct shear tester has upper and lower shear boxes. After the sample is placed in the shear box, a certain vertical pressure is applied on the top of the sample, and the shear box is pushed to make the sample shear to failure. Get the strength parameters of the soil. Conventional indoor direct shears are small in size and can only be used for fine-grained soils. For some undisturbed soil-rock mixtures with large particles, if a conventional indoor direct shearing instrument is used to carry out the direct shear test, on the one hand, the parameters obtained are inaccurate due to the small size of the test instrument, which is not applicable to the soil-rock mixture; on the other hand, The direct shear test of the undisturbed soil-rock mixture is carried out indoors. The soil sample is easily disturbed and cannot fully reflect the actual state of the soil on site. However, most of the field test direct shears have the characteristics of integral non-removal, large mass, inconvenient transportation and carrying, non-adjustable size, easy eccentric horizontal force, time-consuming and expensive vertical reaction force system or high process requirements.

Carrying out the test on site will be limited by the test environment. For example, the construction site is not intermittently constructed, and it is impossible to carry out the test at any time and for a long time like the indoor direct shear test instrument. Therefore, the designed test instrument should be easy to operate. And the time spent in the process of installing the test equipment should be short.

In addition to the above two common direct shear test instruments, domestic and foreign scholars and engineers have developed many improved direct shear test devices according to their different research directions and fields. Some are special treatments for special materials, and some are increased. Shear test instrument for special devices such as temperature control system, loading system, real-time metering system, etc.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the utility model proposes a detachable direct shear test device for soil-rock mixture on-site, the purpose of which is to measure the mechanical parameters of the in-situ soil on the construction site. The test device has the characteristics of convenient disassembly, simple operation, strong functionality and low cost.

The on-site detachable direct shear test device for soil-rock mixture described in the utility model is characterized in that it includes:

The frame body, the bottom frame of which is mounted on the soil surface;

The horizontal bearing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, including a shear box and a bearing part, wherein the shear box includes a box body and a shear box cover plate arranged on the top of the box body, wherein the box cavity of the box body is an upper and lower through-cavity structure , and the cover plate of the shear box is closed on the top opening of the box body; the bearing parts are paved on the surface of the cover plate of the shear box to transmit longitudinal pressure to the shear box;

The force applying unit includes a vertical force applying portion and a lateral force applying portion, wherein the vertical force applying portion is suspended on the top of the support frame, and the force applying end of the vertical force applying portion is connected with the bearing member, and is used for applying force to the horizontal bearing mechanism. The shear box provides longitudinal pressure; the transverse force application part is installed on the side of the support frame, and keeps the force application end of the transverse force application part in contact with the box body of the shear box, so as to provide horizontal shear force to the shear box;

and a plurality of detection units, arranged on the shear box and/or the bearing member of the horizontal bearing mechanism, for detecting the lateral displacement and/or the longitudinal displacement of the horizontal bearing mechanism.

The support frame includes a bottom plate, a top plate and a steel pipe, the upper part of the steel pipe is detachably connected to the top plate, the lower end of the steel pipe is detachably connected to the bottom plate, and the top plate and the bottom plate are kept horizontal; The connecting steel pipe of the cloth is fixed.

An anti-dumping component is added between the lower end of the steel pipe and the bottom plate, and the anti-dumping component includes a fixing ring and a fixed steel bar, wherein the bottom of the fixed steel bar is fixed to the bottom plate, and the top of the fixed steel bar is connected to the bottom of the steel pipe. The rings are connected to strengthen the connection between the bottom plate and the steel pipe and prevent the steel pipe from falling.

The bearing member includes a bearing plate and a ball, the bearing plate is laid on the top surface of the shear box cover plate, and is used for evenly transmitting the pressure of the vertical force applying portion to the top surface of the shear box cover plate; The balls are arranged in the grooves between the pressure-bearing plate and the top surface of the cover plate of the shearing box, and are used to reduce the friction between the cover plate of the shearing box and the upper pressure-bearing plate during horizontal shearing.

The displacement gauge includes a vertical displacement gauge and an upper shear box displacement gauge, wherein the vertical displacement gauge is arranged on the force-applying end or the pressure-bearing plate of the vertical force-applying portion, and is used to detect the longitudinal displacement of the force-applying end of the vertical force-applying portion; The upper shear box displacement gauge is arranged on the shear box cover plate and is used to detect the lateral displacement of the shear box body.

The bottom of the box is provided with a ring knife for inserting into the soil and cutting it.

A permeable stone is embedded in the side wall of the box body, which is used to discharge the water in the soil sample in the cavity.

The vertical force-applying part is a vertical jack, and the lateral force-applying part is a horizontal hydraulic jack.

There are two notches on the side edge of the shear box, and permeable stones are placed in the notches.

A method for processing a soil-rock mixture on-site detachable direct shear test device according to the present utility model is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

1) Insert the ring cutter at the bottom of the box into the soil. When all the ring cutters are inserted into the soil, then dig out the soil outside the ring cutter, that is, cut the soil outside the box, and then install the entire test apparatus. it is good;

2) Set the value of the force on the vertical force-applying part, close the bottom plate, carry out consolidation, and read the data of the vertical displacement meter;

3) After the consolidation is completed, start shearing, fix the L-shaped steel and the transverse force application part, open the bottom plate, apply force to the transverse force application part for shearing, and then read the transverse force application value and the corresponding horizontal displacement meter. reading;

4) Carry out a number of 3 different vertical force tests;

5) Take the vertical force as the abscissa and the lateral force as the ordinate to establish a coordinate system. Mark the vertical force value and the maximum lateral force value of each test on the coordinate system. According to the obtained test results, use the least squares method to draw a straight line. The intersection of the straight line and the ordinate is the viscosity of the soil-rock mixture. Cohesion value, the inclination angle of the straight line is the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model are:

(1) The structure is simple, easy to use, small in size, can be disassembled as a whole, easy to carry, safe and reliable, and has the characteristics of disassembly as a whole, easy to carry and a wide range of use.

(2) The four steel pipes and the upper steel plate of the direct shear main body device of the present utility model can be disassembled by nuts, the upper jack and the horizontal jack can also be disassembled, and the main steel plate and the steel pipe can also be disassembled by nuts, which are easy to carry and transfer after disassembly. .

(3) The operation difficulty of this test instrument is relatively low, and it can be operated by on-site construction personnel, and the obtained data is reliable. Since the value is displayed by the sensor instead of the human being to estimate the reading, the error caused by the reading is reduced, and only the parallel operation is required. Test and record data.

(4) The measurement method of this test provides an on-site large shear test equipment suitable for testing the true and reliable shear strength parameters of undisturbed soil-rock mixtures, and the test results can reflect the strength characteristics of the original soil-rock mixtures on site , the experimental data are more realistic.

(5) This test device can measure soil parameters at different positions and depths, and the amount of test data obtained is large.

(6) The economic cost required by this test device is relatively low.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the utility model's test instrument cutting into the soil with a ring knife.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the ring knife of the test instrument of the utility model after cutting into the soil.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a schematic structural diagram of the test instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is the left side view of the structural schematic diagram of the test apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a top view of a schematic structural diagram of a testing instrument of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the utility model test instrument (wherein a is the front view of the shear box; b is the front view of the shear box; c is the structure diagram of the bottom plate; d is the structure diagram of the shear box; e is the side view of the shear box ).

Detailed ways

The present utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Refer to the attached picture:

Embodiment 1 The on-site detachable direct shear test device for soil-rock mixture described in the present utility model includes:

The frame body, the bottom frame of which is mounted on the soil surface;

The horizontal bearing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the support frame, and includes a shear box and a bearing member, wherein the shear box includes a box body 10 and a shear box cover plate 9 arranged on the top of the box body, wherein the box cavity of the box body is a top-down connection. Cavity structure, and the cover plate of the shear box is closed on the top opening of the box body; the bearing part is paved on the surface of the cover plate of the shear box to transmit longitudinal pressure to the shear box;

The force-applying unit includes a vertical force-applying portion 4 and a lateral force-applying portion 11, wherein the vertical force-applying portion is suspended on the top of the support frame, and the force-applying end of the vertical force-applying portion 4 is connected to the bearing member for horizontal direction. The shear box of the carrying mechanism provides longitudinal pressure; the transverse force application part is installed on the side of the support frame, and keeps the force application end of the transverse force application part in contact with the box body of the shear box, so as to provide horizontal shear to the shear box force;

and a plurality of detection units, arranged on the shear box and/or the bearing member of the horizontal bearing mechanism, for detecting the lateral displacement and/or the longitudinal displacement of the horizontal bearing mechanism.

The support frame includes a bottom plate 14, a top plate 3 and a steel pipe 1, the upper part of the steel pipe 1 is detachably connected to the top plate, the lower end of the steel pipe is detachably connected to the bottom plate, and the top plate and the bottom plate are kept horizontal; Diagonally arranged connecting steel pipes are fixed.

An anti-dumping part is added between the lower end of the steel pipe 1 and the bottom plate 14, and the anti-dumping part includes a fixing ring and a fixed steel bar, wherein the bottom of the fixed steel bar is fixed to the bottom plate, and the top of the fixed steel bar is sleeved on the lower part of the steel pipe. The fixed ring is used to strengthen the connection between the bottom plate and the steel pipe and prevent the steel pipe from falling.

The bearing member includes a bearing plate 7 and a ball 8, the bearing plate 7 is laid on the top surface of the shear box cover plate, and is used to uniformly transmit the pressure of the vertical force-applying portion to the top of the shear box cover plate. The balls are arranged in the grooves between the pressure-bearing plate and the top surface of the shear box cover plate to reduce the friction between the shear box cover plate and the upper pressure plate during horizontal shearing.

The displacement gauge includes a vertical displacement gauge 5 and an upper shear box displacement gauge 6, wherein the vertical displacement gauge 5 is arranged on the force-applying end or the pressure-bearing plate of the vertical force-applying part, and is used to detect the force-applying end of the vertical force-applying part. Longitudinal displacement; the upper shear box displacement gauge is set on the shear box cover plate to detect the lateral displacement of the shear box body.

The bottom of the box body 10 is provided with a ring knife for inserting into the soil and cutting it.

A permeable stone 17 is embedded in the side wall of the box body 10 for draining the water in the soil sample in the cavity.

The vertical force-applying part is a vertical jack, and the lateral force-applying part is a horizontal hydraulic jack.

There are two notches on the side edge of the shear box, and permeable stones are placed in the notches.

Embodiment 2 In this embodiment, four steel pipes are used in total, which can be disassembled. The 4 steel pipes and the bottom plate are stabilized and integrated by the upper and lower nuts. And between the lower end of each steel pipe and the bottom plate, it is fixed by an anti-dumping component, wherein the anti-dumping component includes a fixing ring and 4 fixed steel bars, wherein the bottom of the fixed steel bar is fixed with the bottom plate, and the top of the fixed steel bar is connected to the bottom plate. The fixing ring sleeved on the lower part of the steel pipe is connected to strengthen the connection between the bottom plate and the steel pipe and prevent the steel pipe from falling.

The upper and lower sides between the top plate 3 and the four steel pipes are stabilized by the first nuts 2 respectively.

The lower end surface of the top plate 3 is fixed diagonally by two connecting steel pipes 20 .

The top plate 3 and the vertical force-applying portion 4 are connected by rigid bolts and can be disassembled.

The vertical force-applying portion and the pressure-bearing plate above the shear box are also connected by rigid bolts. And there is a displacement meter on the bearing plate to measure the vertical displacement.

A groove 19 is provided between the pressure-bearing plate above the shearing box and the shearing box, which are connected by balls.

The shear box cover on the shear box is placed on the inside of the shear box.

There are two notches on the side edge of the shear box, and permeable stones are placed in the notches.

The side of the contact portion of the shear box and the bottom plate facing away from the horizontal hydraulic jack, the bottom plate in contact with the soil is partially foldable, and a latch 18 is welded on the bottom plate, which can be folded.

A vertical installation steel plate 12 is welded on the bottom plate 14, L-shaped steel 13 is welded on the outer side of the installation steel plate, and a horizontal hydraulic jack is fixed on the inner side of the installation steel plate, and the telescopic end of the horizontal hydraulic jack is against the outer wall of the box.

L-shaped steel is welded on the back side of the steel plate in contact with the horizontal jack, and the L-shaped steel is welded on the bottom plate 14 .

Embodiment 3 The processing method of a soil-rock mixture on-site detachable direct shear test device according to the present utility model is characterized in that, comprising the following steps:

1) Insert the ring cutter at the bottom of the box into the soil. When all the ring cutters are inserted into the soil, then dig out the soil outside the ring cutter, that is, cut the soil outside the box, and then install the entire test apparatus. it is good;

2) Set the value of the force on the vertical force-applying part, close the bottom plate, carry out consolidation, and read the data of the vertical displacement meter;

3) After the consolidation is completed, start shearing, fix the L-shaped steel and the transverse force application part, open the bottom plate, apply force to the transverse force application part for shearing, and then read the transverse force application value and the corresponding horizontal displacement meter. reading;

4) Carry out a number of 3 different vertical force tests;

5) Take the vertical force as the abscissa and the lateral force as the ordinate to establish a coordinate system. Mark the vertical force value and the maximum lateral force value of each test on the coordinate system. According to the obtained test results, use the least squares method to draw a straight line. The intersection of the straight line and the ordinate is the viscosity of the soil-rock mixture. Cohesion value, the inclination angle of the straight line is the internal friction angle of the soil-rock mixture.

The content described in the embodiments of the present specification is only an enumeration of the realization forms of the concept of the utility model, and the protection scope of the present invention should not be regarded as limited to the specific forms stated in the embodiments, and the protection scope of the present invention also includes the present invention. Equivalent technical means that can be conceived by those skilled in the art according to the concept of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. The utility model provides a direct shear test device can be dismantled on site to soil stone mixture, its characterized in that includes:

the bottom of the frame body is erected on the surface of a soil body;

the horizontal bearing mechanism is arranged at the bottom of the support frame and comprises a shearing box and a bearing part, wherein the shearing box comprises a box body and a shearing box cover plate arranged at the top of the box body, a box cavity of the box body is of an up-and-down cavity structure, and the shearing box cover plate covers the top opening of the box body; the bearing part is paved on the surface of the shear box cover plate and used for transmitting longitudinal pressure to the shear box;

the force application unit comprises a vertical force application part and a transverse force application part, wherein the vertical force application part is suspended at the top of the support frame, and the force application end of the vertical force application part is connected with the bearing part and used for providing longitudinal pressure for the shearing box of the horizontal bearing mechanism; the transverse force application part is arranged on the side surface of the support frame, keeps the force application end of the transverse force application part in contact with the box body of the shearing box and is used for providing horizontal shearing force for the shearing box;

and the detecting units are arranged on the shearing boxes and/or the bearing parts of the horizontal bearing mechanism and are used for detecting the transverse displacement and/or the longitudinal displacement of the horizontal bearing mechanism.

2. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the support frame comprises a bottom plate, a top plate and a steel pipe, the upper part of the steel pipe is detachably connected with the top plate, the lower end of the steel pipe is detachably connected with the bottom plate, and the top plate and the bottom plate are kept horizontal; the lower end face of the top plate is fixed through two connecting steel pipes which are distributed along the diagonal line.

3. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 2, wherein: the anti-toppling device is characterized in that an anti-toppling component is additionally arranged between the lower end of the steel pipe and the bottom plate and comprises a fixing ring and a fixing steel bar, wherein the bottom of the fixing steel bar is fixedly connected with the bottom plate, and the top of the fixing steel bar is connected with the fixing ring sleeved on the lower portion of the steel pipe and used for reinforcing the connection between the bottom plate and the steel pipe and preventing the steel pipe from toppling over.

4. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bearing part comprises a bearing plate and balls, and the bearing plate is laid on the top surface of the shear box cover plate and used for uniformly transmitting the pressure of the vertical force application part to the top surface of the shear box cover plate; the ball sets up in the recess between bearing plate and shear box lid board top surface for reduce the friction between shear box apron and the last bearing plate when carrying out the horizontal shear.

5. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the detection unit comprises a vertical displacement meter and an upper shear box displacement meter, wherein the vertical displacement meter is arranged on a force application end of the vertical force application part or the bearing plate and is used for detecting the longitudinal displacement of the force application end of the vertical force application part; the upper shearing box displacement meter is arranged on the shearing box cover plate and used for detecting the transverse displacement of the shearing box body.

6. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the bottom of the box body is provided with a cutting ring which is used for being inserted into the soil body and cutting the soil body.

7. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 6, wherein: the side wall of the box body is embedded with permeable stones for discharging moisture in the soil sample in the containing cavity.

8. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical force application part is a vertical jack, and the horizontal force application part is a horizontal hydraulic jack.

9. The on-site detachable direct shear test device for the soil-rock mixture body as claimed in claim 2, wherein: two notches are arranged on the side edge of the cutting box, and a permeable stone is placed in the notches.

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