CN211644968U - Medical wastewater comprehensive treatment system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a comprehensive treatment system for medical wastewater, comprising a grid tank, a first regulating tank connected with the grid tank, a chemical reaction tank connected with the first regulating tank, a sedimentation tank connected with the chemical reaction tank, and a septic tank, which are respectively connected to The second conditioning tank of the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, the hydrolysis acidification tank connected to the second conditioning tank, the MBR tank connected to the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the clear water tank with an ultrafiltration device connected to the MBR tank; The sludge tank is discharged into the sludge tank, the second regulating tank is discharged into the sewage for solid-liquid separation in the sedimentation tank, part of the sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis and acidification tank, part of the sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, and the sludge in the sludge tank is discharged. After dehydration treatment, the filtrate re-enters the first adjustment tank, and the effluent from the clear water tank is reused or discharged. The utility model realizes separate pretreatment of high-concentration medical waste water and low-concentration waste water such as hospital domestic sewage and canteen waste water, and then carries out advanced treatment, so as to meet the discharge and reuse requirements and reduce the treatment cost.

Description

Medical Wastewater Integrated Treatment System

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of nonsense treatment, in particular to a comprehensive treatment system for medical waste water.

Background technique

In the normal operation of large hospitals, in addition to the domestic sewage of patients and medical staff, and the low-concentration wastewater of staff canteen wastewater, there are also high-concentration medical wastewater generated by laboratories, laboratories, and operating rooms. According to different sources, the quality of raw water is also different. The main pollutants in the water are: COD, heavy metals (mercury, chromium), organic matter, acid, alkali, disinfectant, bacteria, virus, etc. The quality of raw water is more complicated.

At present, hospitals generally use high-concentration wastewater produced by hospitals and low-concentration wastewater such as domestic sewage and canteens to be treated together in a regulating tank. The treatment process usually adopts biochemical and disinfection methods, and the effluent can meet the standard. However, if the disinfectant in the medical wastewater is directly collected and entered into the biochemical tank, it will kill some microorganisms and have an adverse effect on the biochemical treatment.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, and provide a comprehensive treatment system for medical wastewater, so as to realize the separate pretreatment of high-concentration medical wastewater and low-concentration wastewater such as hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater, and then advanced treatment to achieve discharge standards. and reuse requirements, reducing disposal costs. In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows:

The comprehensive treatment system for medical wastewater includes a grid tank connected to the medical wastewater for rough filtration treatment, a first adjustment tank connected to the grid tank, a chemical reaction tank connected to the first adjustment tank, a sedimentation tank connected to the chemical reaction tank, The septic tank connected with domestic sewage and canteen wastewater for treatment, the second regulating tank connected with the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, the hydrolysis acidification tank connected with the second regulating tank, the MBR tank connected with the hydrolysis acidification tank, and the MBR tank connected with the MBR tank. Clear water tank with ultrafiltration device; sludge tank for solid-liquid separation in sedimentation tank, sludge tank for solid-liquid separation in sedimentation tank, second conditioning tank for sewage for solid-liquid separation in sedimentation tank, part of sludge in MBR tank is returned to hydrolysis and acidification Part of the sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, the sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, the filtrate re-enters the first adjustment tank, and the effluent from the clean water tank is reused or discharged.

Specifically, a precipitation reaction is performed in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations.

Specifically, the hydrolysis and acidification reactions of anaerobic microorganisms are carried out in the hydrolysis and acidification tank.

Specifically, an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis and acidification tank and the MBR tank, and part of the mixed liquid in the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the comprehensive medical wastewater treatment system of the present utility model are mainly reflected in:

The hydrolysis and acidification tank degrades macromolecular organic matter in water into small molecular organic matter through the hydrolysis and acidification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms, and improves the biodegradability of wastewater;

The effluent from the hydrolysis and acidification tank enters the anoxic-aerobic tank in turn, and the mixed liquid of the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank at the same time, and the return ratio of the mixed liquid is 100-200%. Under the action of nitrification and denitrification by microorganisms, most of the degradable organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, some bacteria and other pollutants in the water are removed;

The MBR tank is used to replace the traditional secondary sedimentation tank, which reduces the floor space and increases the concentration of the return sludge. At the same time, the MBR membrane plays the role of interception, realizes solid-liquid separation, and ensures the effluent;

The effluent of the MBR tank is then fed into an ultrafiltration device for advanced treatment. The ultrafiltration membrane surface has the comprehensive effect of mechanical sieving, membrane pore blocking, and adsorption on the membrane surface and membrane pores. Most of the suspended solids in the water, macromolecular inorganic salt ions , bacteria can be removed, and the effluent water quality can be reused or discharged;

The high-concentration medical wastewater, hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater are pretreated separately to ensure that the pollutants in the high-concentration medical wastewater can be effectively removed, and the impact of chloride ions and some harmful bacteria in the medical wastewater on biochemical treatment is reduced.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic flowchart of an embodiment of the present utility model;

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

Example 1:

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present embodiment is a comprehensive treatment system for medical wastewater, including a grid tank connected to the medical wastewater for rough filtration, a first conditioning tank connected to the grid tank, and a chemical reaction tank connected to the first conditioning tank. , a sedimentation tank connected to a chemical reaction tank, a septic tank connected to domestic sewage and canteen wastewater for treatment, a second adjustment tank connected to the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, a hydrolysis acidification tank connected to the second adjustment tank, and a hydrolysis tank connected to the The MBR tank of the acidification tank, the clean water tank with ultrafiltration device connected to the MBR tank; the sludge tank for the solid-liquid separation of the sedimentation tank to be discharged into the sludge tank, the second adjustment tank for the sewage to be discharged from the solid-liquid separation of the sedimentation tank, Part of the sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis and acidification tank, part of the sludge is discharged into the sludge tank, the sludge in the sludge tank is dehydrated, the filtrate re-enters the first adjustment tank, and the effluent from the clean water tank is reused or discharged.

The sludge in the sludge tank is dewatered by a filter press.

An anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the MBR tank. Part of the mixed liquid in the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification.

In the chemical reaction tank, the precipitation reaction is carried out according to the COD concentration.

The hydrolysis and acidification reactions of anaerobic microorganisms are carried out in the hydrolysis acidification tank.

The sewage is intercepted in the MBR tank to achieve solid-liquid separation.

Example 2:

Referring to FIG. 1 , the present embodiment is a comprehensive treatment method for medical wastewater, which includes the following steps: S1, pretreatment: the medical wastewater filtered by the grid tank is transported to the first adjustment tank, and the liquid level in the first adjustment tank reaches a predetermined level. After setting the value, the lift pump pumps the waste water into the chemical reaction tank;

S2, the precipitation reaction is carried out in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations;

When the COD concentration in the wastewater is not high, deliver alkali, PAC, and PAM to the chemical reaction tank in turn. The sufficient reaction time is controlled within 30-60 minutes. Then, NaClO is added for disinfection treatment, and a reducing agent is added to remove the remaining NaClO to avoid chloride ions. It will adversely affect the subsequent biochemical treatment and be discharged into the sedimentation tank;

When the COD concentration in the raw water is high, add acid, FeSO ₄ , and H ₂ O ₂ to the chemical reaction tank in sequence, and choose whether to add Fenton’s reagent according to the COD concentration of the raw water, and remove most of the organic matter through the Fenton oxidation reaction. , and then conduct coagulation, flocculation, disinfection and reduction reactions, and then discharge into the sedimentation tank;

S3, sedimentation in the sedimentation tank for 40-60min, the sedimented sludge subjected to solid-liquid separation is discharged into the sludge tank, the sludge is dehydrated by a filter press and then outsourced for treatment, and the supernatant of the sludge tank enters the first adjustment tank; The sewage for solid-liquid separation is discharged into the second regulating tank;

S4, introducing the hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater treated by the septic tank into the second regulating tank;

S5, biochemical treatment: the waste water in the second regulating tank is transported to the hydrolysis and acidification pond, and under the action of microorganisms, most of the macromolecular organic substances in the water are decomposed into small molecular organic substances, and the biodegradability of the waste water is improved; pools and aerobic pools;

At the same time, part of the mixed liquid in the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank, and under the alternating action of nitrification and denitrification, most of the nitrogen, phosphorus, COD, bacteria and other pollutants in the water are removed;

S6, the effluent of the aerobic tank enters the MBR tank, and the MBR membrane module further filters the water;

Part of the sludge in the MBR tank is returned to the hydrolysis and acidification tank to ensure the sludge concentration of the biochemical system, and part of the sludge is discharged into the sludge tank.

S7, the effluent from the MBR tank enters the clean water tank, and the clean water tank is connected to the ultrafiltration device for further in-depth filtration, and the effluent after ultrafiltration is reused or discharged.

Wherein, in step S1, the medical wastewater to be treated first passes through the grid tank to intercept the floating objects and large particle pollutants in the water, and then enters the first conditioning tank.

In step S2, when the COD concentration of the raw water is relatively high, dilute sulfuric acid is firstly added to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 2-3, and under acidic conditions, FeSO ₄ and H ₂ O ₂ are added, and then alkali is added to adjust the pH of the wastewater to 8-9. After adding PAC and PAM through coagulation and flocculation reactions, Fenton's reagent has strong oxidizing properties, and has a good treatment effect on organic wastewater that is difficult to biodegrade or general chemical oxidants. Its mechanism of action is as follows:

Fe ²⁺ +H ₂ O ₂ →Fe ³⁺ +·OH ⁺ +·OH ^-

2Fe ²⁺ +H ₂ O ₂ →2Fe ³⁺ +2OH ^-

Fe ³⁺ +H ₂ O ₂ →Fe ²⁺ +HO ₂ ·+H ⁺

HO ₂ ·+H ₂ O ₂ →O ₂ +H ₂ O+·OH ⁺

RH+·OH ⁺ →R·+H ₂ O

R·+O ₂ →ROO+→…→CO ₂ +H ₂ O

At the same time, when adding alkali to adjust the pH of wastewater, Fe(OH) ₃ colloid appears, which has a flocculation effect and can greatly reduce the suspended solids in the water.

Fe ³⁺ +3OH ^- →Fe(OH) ₃ ↓

When applying this embodiment, the hydrolysis and acidification tank degrades macromolecular organic matter in water into small molecular organic matter through hydrolysis and acidification reaction of anaerobic microorganisms, thereby improving the biodegradability of wastewater;

The effluent from the hydrolysis and acidification tank enters the anoxic-aerobic tank in turn, and the mixed liquid of the aerobic tank is returned to the anoxic tank at the same time, and the return ratio of the mixed liquid is 100-200%. Under the action of nitrification and denitrification by microorganisms, most of the degradable organic matter, nitrogen, phosphorus, some bacteria and other pollutants in the water are removed;

The MBR tank is used to replace the traditional secondary sedimentation tank, which reduces the floor space and increases the concentration of the return sludge. At the same time, the MBR membrane plays the role of interception, realizes solid-liquid separation, and ensures the effluent;

The effluent of the MBR tank is then fed into an ultrafiltration device for advanced treatment. The ultrafiltration membrane surface has the comprehensive effect of mechanical sieving, membrane pore blocking, and adsorption on the membrane surface and membrane pores. Most of the suspended solids in the water, macromolecular inorganic salt ions , bacteria can be removed, and the effluent water quality can be reused or discharged;

The high-concentration medical wastewater, hospital domestic sewage and canteen wastewater are pretreated separately to ensure that the pollutants in the high-concentration medical wastewater can be effectively removed, and the impact of chloride ions and some harmful bacteria in the medical wastewater on biochemical treatment is reduced.

The above are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the inventive concept of the present invention, several modifications and improvements can be made, which all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. Medical waste water integrated processing system, its characterized in that: the device comprises a grating tank for connecting medical wastewater to perform coarse filtration treatment, a first regulating tank for connecting the grating tank, a chemical reaction tank for connecting the first regulating tank, a sedimentation tank for connecting the chemical reaction tank, a septic tank for connecting domestic sewage and canteen wastewater to perform treatment, a second regulating tank for respectively connecting the septic tank and the sedimentation tank, a hydrolysis acidification tank for connecting the second regulating tank, an MBR tank for connecting the hydrolysis acidification tank, and a clear water tank with an ultrafiltration device for connecting the MBR tank; the sludge tank that solid-liquid separation's mud was discharged into is carried out to the sedimentation tank, and the second equalizing basin that solid-liquid separation's sewage was discharged into is carried out to the sedimentation tank, and partial mud backward flow to hydrolysis acidification tank in the MBR pond, and partial mud is discharged into the sludge tank, and sludge dewatering handles in the sludge tank, and the filtrating gets into first equalizing basin again, and the effluent retrieval and utilization or the emission in clean water basin.

2. The integrated medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: and carrying out precipitation reaction in the chemical reaction tank according to different COD concentrations.

3. The integrated medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: the hydrolysis acidification tank is used for carrying out hydrolysis and acidification reactions by anaerobic microorganisms.

4. The integrated medical wastewater treatment system according to claim 1, wherein: an anoxic tank and an aerobic tank are arranged between the hydrolysis acidification tank and the MBR tank, and part of mixed liquor in the aerobic tank flows back to the anoxic tank for nitrification and denitrification.

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