CN211609977U - A multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy. The scalpel comprises an outer kit (1), an inner kit (2), a cutter head (3) and a multi-stage locking mechanism (4). The front side of the outer kit (1) is provided with a knife outlet (12), an inner kit (2) ) The front end is hinged with a cutter head (3), the inner sleeve (2) is sleeved in the outer sleeve (1) and the two can slide relative to each other in the axial direction, and the rear ends of the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2) are connected with multiple A level locking mechanism (4), the multi-level locking mechanism (4) can push the inner sleeve (2) to move forward along the outer sleeve (1), and make the cutter head (3) lead out a blade (12) angle is fixed. It can adapt to the inverted pear shape of the uterine cavity, ensure fast and efficient cutting without dead ends, and is convenient for application.

Description

A multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, in particular to a multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy.

Background technique

Hysteroscopy is the most commonly used minimally invasive diagnosis and treatment technology in gynecology. It includes a uterine cavity imaging system, a light source system, a perfusion system and an energy system. It can also be treated with energy devices (such as electric cutting rings, electric cutting needles, etc.) or ordinary hysteroscopy with scissors/grasping forceps, endometrial polyps, submucosal fibroids, intrauterine foreign bodies, abnormal uterine bleeding, uterine cavity Adhesion is its common indication.

At present, the instruments used in hysteroscopy mainly include electric energy instruments and ordinary instruments. The electrical energy instrument converts electrical energy into high temperature and then performs operations such as cutting and hemostasis. It has a powerful and rapid effect, but it is easy to cause thermal damage to normal tissues around the surgical site, resulting in inflammatory exudation, local endometrial failure to regenerate, and in severe cases, uterine Intracavitary adhesions even affect female fertility, so the current academic circles advocate the use of ordinary scissors/grasping forceps for hysteroscopic operations in patients with fertility requirements. The currently used scissors for hysteroscopy are ordinary scissors with a slender handle, which need to be operated from near to far, which will block the parallel hysteroscopic lenses, and the exposure of the surgical area may be affected; at the same time, due to fibroids , adhesions and other lesions are relatively tough and hard, and the slender scissors often slip sideways after contacting the tissue, and repeated cutting is required to achieve the effect. Moreover, the diameter of the connecting rod of the scissors is only 1mm, and the force from the handle to the tip of the scissors decreases significantly, which cannot effectively cut the lesions, which will increase the difficulty of the operation and affect the treatment effect.

Utility model content

Aiming at the defects and problems of the current hysteroscopic scissors that affect the exposure of the surgical area, need to repeatedly cut the diseased tissue, and are inconvenient to focus and cut, the utility model provides a multi-speed and multi-angle cutting of the diseased tissue. And easy to use hysteroscopic sickle.

The solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problem is as follows: a multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, comprising an outer sleeve, an inner sleeve, a cutter head and a multi-stage locking mechanism, and a front end side of the outer sleeve has an outlet. The knife edge and the front end of the inner sleeve are hinged with a knife head, the inner sleeve is sleeved in the outer sleeve and the two can slide relative to each other in the axial direction, and the rear ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are connected with a multi-level locking mechanism, and the multi-level locking mechanism can push The inner sleeve moves forward along the outer sleeve, and the cutter head is drawn out from the knife outlet at an angle and then fixed.

The outer sleeve includes a sleeve, the front end of the sleeve is a closed end, a side wall of the sleeve adjacent to the closed end has an axially strip-shaped knife edge, and the front edge of the knife edge has a thrust part supported by the closed end; The inner sleeve is sleeved in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve, and the inner sleeve includes a core rod, and the front end of the core rod is provided with a shaft hole; the side of the cutter head close to the knife outlet is a blade portion, and the other side is a curved blade back, The knife end sleeve at the root of the cutter head is hinged in the shaft hole at the front end of the core rod through a pin. When the inner sleeve is pushed and pulled back and forth along the outer sleeve, the cutter head can enter and exit the knife edge. When the knife head extends from the knife edge After being pulled out, the thrust part is supported on the cambered back of the cutter head.

The multi-stage locking mechanism includes an outer sleeve and a progressive push rod, which are matched together and can slide relative to each other in the axial direction. The outer sleeve is fixedly connected with the rear end of the outer sleeve. The diameter is larger than the diameter of the outer sleeve, the progressive push rod is fixedly connected with the rear end of the inner sleeve, the diameter of the progressive push rod is larger than the diameter of the inner sleeve, and the inner wall of the outer sleeve and the outer wall of the progressive push rod are provided with multi-stage convex and concave inlaid. With the locking structure, when the advancing push rod is pushed forward along the inner wall of the outer sleeve, the position of the convex and concave inlay can be changed and locked.

The multi-level convex and concave inlaid locking structure is that a multi-layer ring snap groove is arranged on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and at least one layer of an outer convex ring is arranged on the outer side of the progressive push rod, and the outer convex ring can be matched and fitted with any ring snap groove; Or the multi-level convex and concave inlaid locking structure is provided with at least one layer of ring snap grooves on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and multiple outer convex rings are arranged on the outside of the progressive push rod, and the ring snap grooves can be matched with any outer convex ring.

The multi-stage convex-concave inlaid locking structure is an oblique serrated convex-concave locking structure, which only allows the progressive push rod to enter the outer sleeve step by step in one direction, and at least two edges are arranged on the side wall of the outer sleeve. The axially parallel slit makes the outer sleeve be divided into at least two parts, and the progressive push rod can be withdrawn only after the two parts of the outer sleeve are opened.

The multi-stage convex and concave inlaid locking structure is that a chute is arranged on the upper side wall of the outer sleeve and runs through the inner cavity. , the shrapnel can be stuck into any card slot after it bounces, the middle of the shrapnel is connected upward with a pressure handle, and the pressure handle extends out of the chute to facilitate pressing and manipulation.

The rear end of the progressive push rod is connected with a push rod and a push handle, and the rear end of the outer sleeve is provided with a baffle plate that protrudes outward, and the baffle plate contains a backward flange.

The diameter of the knife tail bushing is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, an elastic sheet is fixed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and one end of the elastic sheet bounces outward and is pressed against the side wall of the inner sleeve; The diameter is equal to the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and there is a limit part on the rear edge of the knife outlet. When the limit part is always supported on the circumferential side of the knife tail bushing.

The front end of the outer sleeve is provided with an arc guide portion on the side corresponding to the knife outlet.

The rear end of the inner sleeve and the progressive push rod are welded together, or cast as one piece, or a threaded section is arranged at the rear end of the inner sleeve, a screw hole is arranged in the center of the front end of the progressive push rod, and the threaded section is matched and connected in the screw hole.

A wire is connected to the rear end of the inner sleeve or the rear end of the progressive push rod, and a low-voltage high-frequency current is connected to conduct electrocoagulation and hemostasis after conducting electricity on the cutter head.

A multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, comprising a protective sleeve, an inner set, a cutter head and a multi-stage locking mechanism; the protective sleeve is a hollow tube, and the front end of the protective sleeve is provided with an arc shape Guide part, the front end of the arc guide part is blocked, the lower end of the arc guide part has a circular arc structure, and the upper end of the arc guide part is provided with a knife opening; the inner sleeve is coaxially sleeved in the protective sleeve, and the inner sleeve The front end of the blade is connected to the cutter head through a pin shaft; the cutter head is in the shape of a sickle, the cutter head includes a blade, a cambered blade back and a blade tail bushing, and the cambered blade back and the side wall of the protective sleeve form an angle α; the blade The tail shaft sleeve is arc-shaped and is hinged with the front end of the inner sleeve; the multi-stage locking mechanism is connected with the inner sleeve in a transmission, and can drive the inner sleeve to move forward or backward in the protective sleeve step by step, so that the cutter head is connected to the arc The arc of the lower end of the shape guide part cooperates to turn the front end of the cutter head out or retract it from the knife outlet step by step.

In the above-mentioned multi-stage sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, the multi-stage locking mechanism includes an outer sleeve and a progressive push rod, the front end of the outer sleeve is connected with the rear end of the protective sleeve, and the outer sleeve is connected to the rear end of the protective sleeve. The diameter of the cylinder is larger than that of the protective sleeve, the rear end of the outer sleeve is composed of two semi-annular shrapnel, a multi-stage inner convex ring is arranged on the inner wall of the semi-annular shrapnel, and a ring clamping groove is formed between the adjacent inner convex rings; The progressive push rod includes a cylinder and a push rod. The cylinder is connected to the rear end of the inner sleeve, and the push rod is connected to the cylinder. The periphery of the cylinder is evenly provided with a plurality of outer convex rings along the circumference. The inner convex ring is pushed forward and can be clamped in the ring groove; when the cylinder is pushed toward the front end of the protective sleeve, the outer convex ring is clamped into the ring grooves of all levels in turn, so that the inner sleeve is always along the middle of the protective sleeve. The axis moves forward, and the included angle α increases step by step, so that the front end of the cutter head pierces out of the knife outlet.

In the above-mentioned multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, the multi-stage locking mechanism includes an outer sleeve and a pulley structure, and a middle slit is opened at the rear end of the outer sleeve along the central axis, and the upper and lower sides of the middle slit are provided with a middle slit. Multi-stage bayonet, the pulley mechanism can slide in the middle seam, the pulley mechanism includes a base and a push button installed above the base, the base is fixedly connected with the rear end of the inner kit, the push button is provided with a multi-stage boss, the boss can It is snapped into the bayonet to drive the inner sleeve to move forward or backward.

The above-mentioned multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy is provided with an arc-shaped pressing elastic piece on the inner wall of the side where the protective sleeve is provided with a knife opening, and one end of the pressing elastic piece is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the protective sleeve. , the other end is in contact with the side wall of the inner kit.

In the above-mentioned multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy, the included angle α is 0°, 30°, 60° or 90°.

In the above-mentioned multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, the arc-shaped guide part is integrally connected with the protective sleeve.

The above-mentioned multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy is characterized in that: the arc-shaped guiding part is connected with the protective sleeve by threads, and the arc-shaped guiding part is sleeved on the outer side of the protective sleeve through the thread.

The beneficial effects of the present utility model:

1. The multi-position sickle for hysteroscopy of the present invention is divided into 3 positions, and the angle between the cambered blade and the inner sleeve can be progressively adjusted to 30°, 60°, 90° through the multi-stage locking mechanism. °Equal angle, more suitable for the inverted pear shape of the uterine cavity, and can ensure cutting without dead angle;

2. Operate from far to near, do not block the uterine lens, do not affect the observation of the surgical field, and avoid secondary damage to normal tissues;

3. The knife head is in the shape of a sickle, which can ensure that more force is applied to the part to be cut, and the cutting is fast and efficient;

4. The cutter head and the inner set are hinged. The cutter head can be advanced and retracted along the arc-shaped guide part. When entering and exiting the uterine cavity, it is in the sheath, which will not cause accidental cutting and has good safety.

5. The thrust part restricts the back of the knife, which can effectively prevent the tail of the knife from sliding along the guide part during cutting to ensure the cutting effect.

6. The design of push rod, push handle, baffle and flanging can make the push rod more convenient to be pushed and pulled out.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of A-A in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of the outer sleeve in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the appearance of the outer sleeve of FIG. 3 .

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the appearance structure of the progressive push rod in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of the cutter head part in FIG. 1 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the turning state of the cutter head in FIG. 6 .

FIG. 8 is a first structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram 1 of the multi-stage locking mechanism of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is a second structural schematic diagram of the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 11 is a comparative schematic diagram of a cutter head of the present invention at four flip angles.

FIG. 12 is a comparative schematic diagram of another cutter head of the present invention at four flip angles.

Labels in the figure: outer sleeve 1, sleeve 11, knife opening 12, thrust part 13, limit part 14, arc guide part 15, inner sleeve 2, core rod 21, shaft hole 22, threaded section 23, cutter head 3. Blade part 31, cambered blade back 32, blade end sleeve 33, pin shaft 34, multi-stage locking mechanism 4, outer sleeve 5, half ring piece 51, gap 52, ring groove 53, inner convex ring 54 , Block 55, progressive push rod 6, cylinder 61, outer convex ring 62, push rod 63, push handle 64, pressing elastic piece 7.

Detailed ways

In view of the current scissors for hysteroscopy are ordinary scissors and slender handles, they need to be cut from near to far within the scope of the hysteroscope during the surgical operation, which will block the parallel hysteroscope and affect the field of view of the operation area. Exposure, and the diameter of the scissors connecting rod is small, the cutting force is obviously reduced when it is transmitted from the handle to the end of the scissors, which affects the cutting efficiency and increases the difficulty of the operation. The hysteroscopic sickle, which blocks the operative field of view, is convenient for excision, and can realize multi-angle cutting, is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Example 1: A multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy as shown in Figure 1 is used, including an outer set 1, an inner set 2, a cutter head 3 and a multi-stage locking mechanism 4, and the front end of the outer set 1 is a There is a knife outlet 12 on the side, the front end of the inner sleeve 2 is hinged with a knife head 3, the inner sleeve 2 is sleeved in the outer sleeve 1 and the two can slide relative to each other in the axial direction, and the rear ends of the outer sleeve 1 and the inner sleeve 2 are connected with multi-level cards. The locking mechanism 4, the multi-stage locking mechanism 4 can push the inner sleeve 2 to move forward along the outer sleeve 1, and make the cutter head 3 lead out from the knife outlet 12 at an angle and then be fixed.

Specifically, the above-mentioned outer sleeve 1 includes a sleeve 11, the front end of the sleeve 11 is a closed end, a side wall of the sleeve 11 adjacent to the closed end has a strip-shaped knife edge 12 along the axial direction, and the front edge of the knife edge is supported by the closed end The thrust part 13.

The above-mentioned inner sleeve 2 is sleeved in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve 1, and the inner sleeve includes a core rod 21, and the front end of the core rod 21 has a shaft hole 22; the side of the knife head 3 close to the knife outlet 12 is a blade portion 31, and the other side is a blade portion 31. One side is the cambered blade back 32, and the blade end sleeve 33 at the root of the blade head 3 is hinged in the shaft hole 22 at the front end of the core rod 21 through the pin shaft 34. When the inner sleeve 2 is pushed and pulled back and forth along the outer sleeve 1, the The cutter head 3 can enter and exit the knife edge 12 . When the cutter head 3 extends from the knife edge 12 , the thrust portion 13 is supported on the cambered back 32 of the cutter head 3 .

The above-mentioned multi-stage locking mechanism 4 includes an outer sleeve 5 and a progressive push rod 6. As shown in Figs. 3 to 5, the outer sleeve 5 and the progressive push rod 6 can be matched and fitted together, and can be axially opposed to each other. Sliding, it can be seen from FIG. 1 that the outer sleeve 5 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the outer sleeve 1 , and the diameter of the outer sleeve 5 is larger than that of the outer sleeve 1 . The progressive push rod 6 is fixedly connected with the rear end of the inner sleeve 2 , and the diameter of the progressive push rod 6 is larger than that of the inner sleeve 2 . The rear end of the inner sleeve 2 is welded and fixed with the advancing push rod 6, or it is cast as one piece, or a threaded section 23 is provided at the rear end of the inner sleeve 2, and a screw hole is arranged in the center of the front end of the advancing push rod 6, and the threaded section 23 Matching connection in the screw hole.

The inner wall of the outer sleeve 5 and the outer wall of the advancing push rod 6 are provided with a multi-level convex and concave inlaid locking structure.

There are many ways to realize the multi-level convex-concave inlaid locking structure, one of which is to set a multi-layer ring locking groove 53 on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5, as shown in Figs. A layer of outer convex ring 62 is arranged on the outer side, and the outer convex ring 62 can be matched with any ring snap groove 53 to fit. Another implementation method can also be adopted: the multi-level convex and concave inlaid locking structure is to set a layer of ring snap grooves 53 on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5, and a multi-layer outer convex ring 62 is provided on the outer side of the progressive push rod 6, and the ring snap grooves. 53 can be fitted with any of the outer convex rings 62.

In addition, in order to facilitate the operation, a push rod 63 and a push handle 64 are connected to the rear end of the progressive push rod 6, and a baffle 55 protruding outward is provided at the rear end of the outer sleeve 5. The baffle 55 Contains a back cuff. Therefore, during use, the advancing push rod 6 can be pushed in and pulled out conveniently.

When the above scheme is implemented, the diameter of the knife end sleeve 33 has a certain relationship with the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5. If the diameter of the knife end sleeve 33 is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5, the knife head 3 extends out of the knife edge 12. , there will be looseness. Therefore, when the diameter of the knife tail bushing 33 is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5 , an elastic piece is fixed on the inner wall of the outer sleeve 1 , and one end of the elastic piece bounces outward and is pressed against the side wall of the inner sleeve 2 . When the diameter of the knife tail bushing 33 is equal to the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve 5 , and there is a limiting portion 14 at the rear edge of the knife outlet, the limiting portion 14 is always supported on the circumferential side of the knife tail bushing 33 .

An arc-shaped guide portion 15 may also be provided on the side of the front end of the outer sleeve 1 corresponding to the knife outlet 12 .

Example 2: On the basis of Example 1, the multi-level convex and concave inlaid locking structure is modified. The ring groove 53 and the outer convex ring 62 involved in Example 1 are not limited in direction, and circular or ribbed can be used. shape or sawtooth shape. However, the multi-stage convex-concave inlaid locking structure required in this implementation is a slanted serrated convex-concave locking structure, which only allows the progressive push rod 6 to enter the outer sleeve 5 step by step in one direction, and at the same time on the side wall of the outer sleeve 5 There are at least two slits 52 parallel to the axial direction, so that the outer sleeve 5 is divided into at least two parts, and the advancing push rod 6 can be withdrawn only after the two parts of the outer sleeve 5 are opened, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 shown.

Example 3: On the basis of Example 1, the multi-level convex-concave inlaid locking structure can also adopt another embodiment: a chute is arranged on the upper side wall of the outer sleeve 5 and runs through the inner cavity, and the inner wall of the chute has The tooth slot with convex and concave matching, and an upwardly inclined shrapnel is installed on the upper side of the progressive push rod 6. After the shrapnel is bounced, it can be stuck in any slot. The middle of the shrapnel is connected upward with a pressure handle, and the pressure handle extends out of the chute. For easy pressing control.

Embodiment 4: On the basis of Embodiment 1, a wire is further connected to the rear end of the inner sleeve 2 or the rear end of the progressive push rod 6 and a low-voltage high-frequency current is connected to conduct electrocoagulation after the cutter head is conductive. Stop bleeding. Hemostasis by electrocoagulation is a well-known technique, but in this embodiment, high-frequency current is used to coagulate small blood vessels to stop bleeding, and the electrothermal effect causes blood to coagulate and carbonize. The lower current heats the bleeding tissue to volatilize the liquid, dry and coagulate the tissue, and seal the blood vessel to achieve the effect of hemostasis.

Embodiment 5: This embodiment provides a multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy, which is easy to operate and has high cutting efficiency, as shown in Figs. Multi-stage locking mechanism 4; wherein the outer sleeve 1 is a hollow circular tube made of medical grade stainless steel, with a diameter of 1-2mm, an arc guide part 15 is integrally connected to the front end of the protective sleeve, and the lower end of the arc guide part is connected to the protective sleeve. The cylinder is integrally connected, and the connecting part of the two is in the form of an arc structure. A long knife-shaped outlet 12 is provided at the position of the upper end of the arc-shaped guide part close to the front end of the arc-shaped guide part, and the lower end of the knife-out port is provided with a limit part The blade portion is further limited. The inner sleeve 2 is coaxially sleeved in the outer sleeve 1, the front end of the inner sleeve 2 is provided with a U-shaped insert groove, and the insert groove is equipped with a cutter head, the cutter head is in the shape of a sickle, and the cutter head includes a blade portion 31, a curved blade back 32 and a knife The tail shaft sleeve 33, wherein the knife tail shaft sleeve 33 is arc-shaped, and a through hole is opened at the position corresponding to the front end of the knife tail shaft sleeve and the inner sleeve, and a pin shaft is passed through the through hole to connect the knife tail shaft sleeve 33. It is hinged with the front end of the inner sleeve 2, so that the blade part faces the direction of the knife outlet, the cambered back 32 faces the direction of the arc guide part, and an angle α is formed between the cambered back and the protective sleeve.

The multi-stage locking mechanism 4 includes an outer sleeve 5 and a progressive push rod 6, wherein the front end of the outer sleeve 5 is threadedly connected with the rear end of the outer sleeve 1, and the rear end of the outer sleeve is composed of two upper and lower semi-annular elastic pieces 51. The inner wall of the upper and lower semi-annular elastic pieces is provided with four inner convex rings 54 corresponding to the upper and lower sides, a ring clip groove 53 is formed between the adjacent inner convex rings, and the four inner convex rings form a first-level ring clip in turn. Slot 531, secondary ring snap groove 532 and tertiary ring snap groove 533; the progressive push rod 6 includes a cylinder 61 and a push rod 63, the cylinder 61 is integrally connected with the rear end of the inner sleeve 2, and the push rod is connected to the cylinder Connected, three outer convex rings 62 are evenly arranged on the periphery of the cylinder along the circumference, the cross section of the outer convex ring is sloped, the outer convex ring 62 can be pushed forward along the inner convex ring and can be matched and mounted on the three ring clamps in turn. In the groove, at this time, the inner sleeve 2 always moves forward along the central axis of the protective sleeve, and the included angle α increases step by step, so that the blade part passes through the knife outlet. , the thrust part 13 limits the cutter head, so that the cutter head does not continue to pass out.

When the hysteroscope enters the uterine cavity with the sickle and the hysteroscope, the position of the cutter head is shown in state A in Figure 11. At this time, the cutter head is completely located in the protective sleeve, and the included angle α is 0°, which can ensure the uterine cavity. When entering the uterine cavity, the knife head of the endoscopic sickle is hidden in the protective sleeve, which will not cause secondary damage to the uterine cavity; when reaching the lesion area, the operator can adjust the angle according to the shape and angle of the lesion (fibroids, adhesions, etc.). α, for example: when the push rod can be pushed to the front end of the protective sleeve by one stage, the first stage outer convex ring 62 at the front end of the cylinder is clamped in the first stage ring groove 531, and the cutter head is in the state shown in Figure 11 As shown in B, at this time, the tip of the cutter head protrudes out of the knife edge, and the included angle α is 30°. The lesions that meet the included angle of 30° are cut from far to near, and the first-level outer convex ring is clamped in the first-level ring groove. In the middle, due to the slope-like structure of the outer convex ring and the ring card groove, the progressive push rod is limited when the cutter head part is forced to cut, so as to prevent the front end of the forced progressive push rod from going backward and ensure the cutting effect. Then continue to move forward, the first-stage outer convex ring 62 is clamped in the second-stage ring retaining groove 532, the cutter head is shown in state C in Figure 11, and the angle α is 60° at this time; continue to move forward, the first The first-level outer convex ring 62 is clamped in the third-level ring groove 533, and the cutter head is shown in state D in Figure 11. At this time, the blade of the cutter head completely penetrates the knife edge, and the included angle α is 90°. At this time, The knife tail bushing of the cutter head and the cambered back of the cutter are in complete contact with the arc-shaped guide part, and the outgoing part of the cutter head is in the shape of a sickle. The cambered blade back 32 and the blade portion 31 are blocked and limited, so that the blade head cannot continue to pass through the blade outlet.

When the angle needs to be adjusted from large to small or the cutter head needs to be withdrawn at the end of the operation, the upper and lower semi-annular elastic pieces 51 at the rear end of the outer sleeve 5 are propped up to disengage the outer convex ring from the ring groove, thereby removing the first The outer convex ring is withdrawn from the ring groove, and the included angle is reduced or the cutter head is put into the protective sleeve.

Embodiment 6: The similarities between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 will not be repeated. The difference is: as shown in FIG. Shrapnel 7, one end of the compression shrapnel is integrally connected to the inner wall of the protective sleeve, and the other end of the compression shrapnel is in conflict with the side wall of the inner sleeve. When the multi-stage locking mechanism pushes the inner sleeve to move forward step by step, the cutter head The state of the inner sleeve and the inner sleeve are shown in a, b, c, and d in Figure 12, respectively. During the whole process, the compression shrapnel is deformed, which acts as a top pressure on the inner sleeve at all times. The guide part is matched, and the blade part is in contact with the limit part, which can prevent the inner sleeve from loosening in the protective sleeve, further consolidate the position of the cutter head, and ensure the cutting effect.

Embodiment 7: The similarities between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 will not be repeated. The difference is that the multi-stage locking mechanism of this embodiment includes an outer sleeve and a pulley mechanism (similar to the front and rear propulsion parts of a utility knife) The middle and rear ends of the outer sleeve are provided with a middle slit along the central axis, and the upper and lower sides of the middle seam are provided with multi-stage bayonet. Button, there is a torsion spring between the push button and the base, the front end of the base is fixedly connected with the tail end of the inner kit, the push button is provided with a boss, and the push button moves forward or backward so that the boss can be clamped on the card in sequence. In the mouth, so as to push the inner sleeve to move forward or backward, so that the knife tail bushing cooperates with the arc of the arc guide part to turn out or retract the front end of the knife head from the knife outlet step by step, so that the included angle α presents 0°, 30° , 60° or 90°, it is convenient to operate in the uterine cavity with the hysteroscope, and the front and rear movement can be controlled with one hand, which is convenient for operation.

Embodiment 8: The similarities between this embodiment and Embodiment 5 will not be repeated here. The outer side of the protective sleeve is easy to clean the inside of the arc guide and replace the cutter head later.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (9)

1. A multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, characterized in that it comprises an outer kit (1), an inner kit (2), a cutter head (3) and a multi-stage locking mechanism (4), an outer kit (1) There is a knife edge (12) on one side of the front end, the front end of the inner sleeve (2) is hinged with a knife head (3), and the inner sleeve (2) is sleeved in the outer sleeve (1) and the two can slide relative to each other in the axial direction, A multi-stage locking mechanism (4) is connected to the rear ends of the outer sleeve (1) and the inner sleeve (2), and the multi-stage locking mechanism (4) can push the inner sleeve (2) to move forward along the outer sleeve (1), The cutter head (3) is led out from the cutter outlet (12) at an angle and then fixed. 2. The multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 1, wherein the outer sleeve (1) comprises a sleeve (11), and the front end of the sleeve (11) is a closed end, A side wall of the sleeve (11) adjacent to the closed end has a strip-shaped knife edge (12) along the axial direction, and the front edge of the knife edge has a thrust portion (13) supported by the closed end; the inner sleeve (2) The inner sleeve is sleeved in the inner cavity of the outer sleeve (1), the inner sleeve includes a core rod (21), and the front end of the core rod (21) is provided with a shaft hole (22); the knife head (3) is close to the knife outlet (12) One side is the blade portion (31), the other side is the cambered blade back (32), and the blade end sleeve (33) at the root of the cutter head (3) is hinged to the front end of the core rod (21) through a pin shaft (34). Inside the shaft hole (22), when the inner sleeve (2) is pushed and pulled back and forth along the outer sleeve (1), the cutter head (3) can enter and exit the knife edge (12). 12) After being extended, the thrust portion (13) is supported on the cambered back (32) of the cutter head (3). 3. The multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the multi-stage locking mechanism (4) comprises an outer sleeve (5) and a progressive push rod (6), the two are matched together and can slide relative to each other in the axial direction, the outer sleeve (5) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the outer sleeve (1), and the diameter of the outer sleeve (5) is larger than that of the outer sleeve ( 1), the progressive push rod (6) is fixedly connected with the rear end of the inner sleeve (2), the diameter of the progressive push rod (6) is larger than the diameter of the inner sleeve (2), and is located on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (5). The outer wall of the progressive push rod (6) is provided with a multi-stage convex and concave inlaid locking structure, and the progressive push rod (6) can change the position of the convex and concave inlaid and be locked when advancing along the inner wall of the outer sleeve (5). 4. The multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the multi-stage locking mechanism is provided with a multi-layer ring locking groove (53) on the inner wall of the outer sleeve (5). ), and at least one layer of outer convex ring (62) is arranged on the outer side of the progressive push rod (6), and the outer convex ring (62) can be matched with any ring groove (53); or the multi-stage locking mechanism is external At least one layer of ring snap grooves (53) is arranged on the inner wall of the sleeve (5), and a multi-layer outer convex ring (62) is arranged on the outer side of the progressive push rod (6). (62) MATCHING SUIT. 5. The multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the multi-stage locking mechanism is provided on the side wall of the outer sleeve (5) with a pass through the inner cavity The chute, the inner wall of the chute is provided with grooves with convex and concave matching, and an upwardly inclined shrapnel is installed on the upper side of the progressive push rod (6). handle, the pressure handle extends out of the chute for easy pressing control. 6 . The multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 3 , wherein the rear end of the advancing push rod ( 6 ) is connected with a push rod ( 63 ) and a push handle ( 64 ). 7 . , and the rear end of the outer sleeve (5) is provided with a baffle plate (55) protruding outward, and the baffle plate (55) contains a rearward flange. 7. The multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 2, characterized in that the diameter of the knife tail bush (33) is smaller than the diameter of the inner wall of the outer sleeve (5), and the diameter of the sleeve (33) is smaller than the inner wall diameter of the outer sleeve (5). A shrapnel is fixed on the inner wall of the piece (1), and one end of the shrapnel bounces outward and is pressed against the side wall of the inner sleeve (2); , and there is a limiting portion (14) at the rear edge of the knife edge, and the limiting portion (14) is always supported on the circumferential side of the knife tail bushing (33). 8. The multi-position sickle scalpel for hysteroscopy according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, a rear end of the inner sleeve (2) or the rear end of the advancing push rod (6) is connected with a The wire is connected with a low-voltage high-frequency current to conduct electrocoagulation and hemostasis after conducting electricity on the cutter head. 9. A multi-position sickle-type scalpel for hysteroscopy, characterized in that: comprising a protective sleeve, a core rod, a cutter head and a multi-stage locking mechanism; the protective sleeve is a hollow tube, and the protective sleeve The front end of the guide is provided with a guide, the front end of the guide is blocked, the lower end of the guide is in a circular arc structure, and the upper end of the guide is provided with a knife edge; the core rod is coaxially sleeved in the protective sleeve, and the front end of the core rod The cutter head is connected to the cutter head through a hinge shaft; the cutter head is in the shape of a sickle, and the cutter head includes a blade, a blade back and a blade tail. Hinged; the multi-stage locking mechanism is connected with the core rod, which can drive the core rod to move forward or backward in the protective sleeve step by step, so that the cutter head cooperates with the arc of the lower end of the guide, and the front end of the cutter head is removed from the knife outlet. Turn out or retract step by step.

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