CN211296402U

CN211296402U - Brush assembly structure of starting motor

Info

Publication number: CN211296402U
Application number: CN201921435757.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张学彦; 王建; 王旭亮; 王飞
Original assignee: Chongqing Jili Yunfeng Industry Group Co ltd
Current assignee: Chongqing Jili Yunfeng Motor Co ltd
Priority date: 2019-08-31
Filing date: 2019-08-31
Publication date: 2020-08-18
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-31

Abstract

The utility model relates to an electric brush assembly structure of a starting motor, which comprises a brush holder bottom plate, an insulating plate is fixed on the brush holder bottom plate, two anode brush boxes and two cathode brush boxes are arranged on the insulating plate in axial symmetry, the central angle of the adjacent brush boxes is 90 degrees, a brush braid stepping groove and a scroll spring stepping groove are arranged on the two side walls of the brush installation cavity of the brush boxes, a scroll spring bracket is arranged beside the scroll spring stepping groove, a brush braid is connected with the brush holder bottom plate, the anode brush assembly comprises an anode bolt, a first anode brush, a second anode brush and a second anode brush, the brush braid of the first anode brush is welded with the anode bolt, the second anode brush is in a fixed shape of C-shaped bending to avoid contacting with a rotor, the outer surface is an insulator, one end of a conductive core inside the insulator is welded with the brush braid, the other end is provided with a perforated connector, the connector is sleeved on the anode bolt, the brush is in clearance fit in the brush boxes, the rear ends of the positive brush and the negative brush are respectively propped against the free end of the volute spring.

Description

Brush assembly structure of starting motor

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a brush, in particular to starting motor's brush subassembly assembly structure.

Background

Brushes are an important component of electrical machines, responsible for conducting electrical current between rotating and stationary parts. Referring to fig. 7, in the prior art, when the positive electrode brush assembly is installed, one braid a needs to bypass the rotor, and a redundant amount capable of being installed must be reserved, so that the length is long and soft, the positive electrode brush assembly can be installed only after being wound with another positive electrode braid before installation, but the wound position is very close to the negative electrode vortex spring b, braid breakage is easily caused during winding, and once the braid breakage is caused, the braid breakage is easily contacted with the negative electrode vortex spring to form a short circuit, thereby causing the problem of motor failure risk and the like; meanwhile, the long brush braid bypasses the rotor, so that the brush braid is in a free state, the brush braid in the free state is easily contacted with the rotor in the installation or motor working process, and the rotor rotates to easily wear a protective sleeve of the brush braid, so that the motor failure risk is caused by circuit breaking. The original design of the QDH30J starting motor is that a brush box, an insulating plate, a brush holder bottom plate and a motor shell are locked and fixed through a fixing hole of a negative brush box d by 2M 3 screws c, but as the fixing hole of the negative brush box is close to the position of an electric brush braid, the electric brush braid is easily broken and fractured in the locking process, and the motor failure risk is caused; meanwhile, the locking torque of the M3 screw is 1-2N.m, and under the vibration of finished vehicle operation and the large-current impact of the motor, the locking torque of the screw can be attenuated, so that negative pole ground disconnection is generated, and the risk of motor failure is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims at prior art not enough, provide a starter motor's brush subassembly assembly structure, its brush braid and the condition that negative pole vortex spring contact took place the short circuit of effectively having solved positive pole brush has strengthened the locking degree of screw, guarantees starter motor's normal operating.

The technical scheme of the utility model is that: an electric brush assembly structure of a starting motor comprises a brush holder bottom plate, wherein an insulating plate is fixedly installed on the brush holder bottom plate, two anode brush boxes and two cathode brush boxes are respectively arranged on the insulating plate in an axial symmetry manner, the central angle between two adjacent anode brush boxes and the cathode brush boxes is 90 degrees, the anode brush boxes and the cathode brush boxes are identical in structure, each brush box is provided with a hollow brush installation cavity, two side walls of the brush installation cavity are respectively provided with strip-shaped yielding grooves with opposite opening directions, the strip-shaped yielding grooves with the opening directions towards the center of the circle are brush braid yielding grooves, the strip-shaped yielding grooves with the opening directions towards the circumference are vortex spring yielding grooves, one side of each brush box is provided with an upright vortex spring support, the vortex spring support is positioned beside the vortex spring yielding grooves, each vortex spring support is respectively provided with a vortex spring, the fixed end of the vortex spring is fixed by the vortex spring support, and the free end of the vortex spring is positioned in the brush installation cavity of the brush boxes, respectively in the two negative pole brush boxes clearance fit assemble negative pole brush, the brush braid and the brush yoke bottom plate of negative pole brush are connected fixedly, and the rear end of negative pole brush supports the free end of volute spring, still includes anodal brush subassembly, anodal brush subassembly includes anodal bolt, first anodal brush, second anodal brush gap bridge, the brush braid and the anodal bolt welded fastening of first anodal brush, second anodal brush gap bridge is the crooked fixed shape of C shape, and the surface of this second anodal brush gap bridge is the insulator, the inside of insulator is the conductive core, the insulator stretches out outward at conductive core both ends, one end and the brush braid welded fastening of second anodal brush, and the other end sets up to foraminiferous connector, the connector cover is fixed connection on anodal bolt, through the C shape bending structure and the rotor contact friction of second anodal brush gap bridge, and respectively assembling the first positive electrode brush and the second positive electrode brush in a clearance fit manner in the corresponding positive electrode brush boxes, so that the rear end of the positive electrode brush is abutted against the free end of the volute spring.

The brush holder is characterized in that two mounting and fixing holes are symmetrically formed in the insulating plate and the brush holder bottom plate, the insulating plate corresponds to the mounting and fixing holes in the brush holder bottom plate, the mounting and fixing holes are located between the positive brush box and the negative brush box, and the mounting and fixing holes are connected and fixed with the motor shell in a threaded mode through screws.

The screws are screws of M4 or M5 specifications.

And two ends of the second positive electric brush gap bridge are bent towards the brush holder bottom plate to form limiting parts.

The radian of the C-shaped bent structure of the second positive electrode brush gap bridge is larger than that of the rotor.

The brush holder bottom plate and the insulation plate are correspondingly provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove, and a flat-bottom limiting groove is formed in the positions, opposite to the arc-shaped limiting groove, of the brush holder bottom plate and the insulation plate.

The positive bolt is a T-shaped bolt.

Adopt above-mentioned technical scheme: the short circuit formed by the contact of the brush braid of the positive electrode electric brush and the volute spring can be avoided, the normal operation of the starting motor is ensured, the assembling process is simple, and the operation efficiency is high. The inside of the insulator of the gap bridge of the second positive electrode brush is provided with the conductive core, the two ends of the conductive core extend out of the insulator, and one end of the conductive core is welded and fixed with the braid of the second positive electrode brush, so that the length of the braid of the second positive electrode brush can be designed to be shorter, and the redundancy of the braid is reduced. The other end sets up to foraminiferous connector, the connector cover is fixed connection on the positive bolt of first positive pole brush, combine first positive pole brush and second positive pole brush, consequently need not twine two brush plaits at the junction of positive pole bolt and can accomplish the connection, the assembly is simple, high operation efficiency, and make the brush plait that exposes outside reduce one time, thereby increased the distance between the brush plait of positive pole brush and the volute spring of negative pole brush, make these both keep apart, the brush plait of having avoided positive pole brush forms the short circuit with the volute spring contact of negative pole brush. And the second positive pole brush gap bridge is in a C-shaped bent fixed shape, so that the second positive pole brush gap bridge is free after being arranged under the brush holder base plate and is in the C-shaped bent fixed shape, and the C-shaped bent structure of the second positive pole brush gap bridge can avoid contact friction with a rotating rotor in the running state of the starting motor, so that the normal running of the starting motor is ensured. And respectively assembling the first positive electrode brush and the second positive electrode brush in clearance fit in the corresponding positive electrode brush boxes, so that the rear end of the positive electrode brush is abutted against the free end of the volute spring and moves towards the rotor direction under the action of the volute spring to form fit with the rotor.

The insulation board and the brush holder bottom plate are symmetrically provided with two mounting and fixing holes, the mounting and fixing holes of the insulation board and the brush holder bottom plate correspond to each other, and the mounting and fixing holes are located between the positive brush box and the negative brush box and are fixed with the motor shell in a threaded connection mode through screws penetrating through the mounting and fixing holes. Make the installation fixed orifices setting on insulation board, brush yoke bottom plate, avoid influencing the brush box, consequently the screw is at the locking in-process, and the pressure that produces in the locking in-process is all exerted on insulation board and brush yoke bottom plate, can not influence the brush braid.

The screws adopt screws of M4 or M5 specifications, the locking torque of the screws of M4 or M5 specifications is larger than that of the screws of M3, and the screws with larger locking torque are adopted under the vibration or large current impact of finished vehicle running, so that the motor failure caused by the open circuit of the negative pole to the ground due to the looseness of the screws can be avoided.

The two ends of the second positive pole brush gap bridge are bent towards the brush holder bottom plate to form limiting parts, the second positive pole brush gap bridge is limited at the two ends, so that the second positive pole brush gap bridge can be prevented from moving back and forth, the fixed state of the second positive pole brush gap bridge under the brush holder bottom plate is further ensured,

the radian of the C-shaped bent structure of the second positive electrode brush gap bridge is larger than that of the rotor, so that the second positive electrode brush gap bridge can better avoid contact friction with the rotor.

The brush yoke bottom plate is provided with an arc limiting groove corresponding to the insulating plate, a flat bottom limiting groove is arranged on the brush yoke bottom plate and the insulating plate at a position opposite to the arc limiting groove, and a good limiting effect is achieved by matching the limiting groove and a limiting part of the second positive electrode brush gap bridge on the brush yoke bottom plate and the insulating plate.

The positive bolt is a T-shaped bolt, the head of the T-shaped bolt is in contact with the connector to form positioning, and the T-shaped bolt has the characteristic of automatic positioning and locking when being locked, so that the first electric brush and the second electric brush are convenient to assemble.

The invention is further described with reference to the drawings and the specific embodiments.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the positive brush assembly of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a second positive electrode brush according to the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a first positive electrode brush according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of an assembly structure of the brush holder base plate, the insulating plate and the brush box according to the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the present invention assembled on a motor casing;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of the prior art.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1 to 7, a specific embodiment of a brush assembly structure of a starter motor includes a brush holder base plate 1, an insulating plate 2 is fixedly mounted on the brush holder base plate 1, two positive brush boxes 21 and two negative brush boxes 22 are respectively and axisymmetrically arranged on the insulating plate 2, wherein a central angle between two adjacent positive brush boxes 21 and two adjacent negative brush boxes 22 is 90 degrees, that is, the positive brush boxes 21 and the negative brush boxes 22 are uniformly riveted and fixed on the insulating plate 2. Anodal brush box 21 and negative pole brush box 22 are the same in structure, and each brush box is equipped with hollow brush installation cavity, and the both sides wall of this brush installation cavity is equipped with the opposite bar of opening direction and steps down the groove respectively, and wherein the opening direction is to the bar of the centre of a circle groove of stepping down for the brush braid groove 23 of stepping down, and the opening direction is to the bar groove of stepping down of circumference for the vortex spring groove 24 of stepping down. One side of each brush box is provided with an upright vortex spring bracket 25, the vortex spring bracket 25 is positioned beside a vortex spring abdicating groove 24, each vortex spring bracket 25 is respectively provided with a vortex spring 5, the fixed end of the vortex spring 5 is fixed by the vortex spring bracket 25, and the free end of the vortex spring 5 is positioned in an electric brush mounting cavity of the brush box. The negative brushes 6 are fitted in the two negative brush boxes 22 with a clearance fit, respectively. The brush braid of the negative electric brush 6 is fixedly connected with the brush holder base plate 1, and the rear end of the negative electric brush 6 abuts against the free end of the volute spring 5, so that when the starting motor operates, the volute spring 5 applies certain pressure to the negative electric brush 6, and the negative electric brush 6 is guaranteed to be in good contact with a rotor. Still include anodal brush subassembly, anodal brush subassembly includes anodal bolt 71, first anodal brush 7, second anodal brush 8, the positive pole brush gap bridge 81 of second, the brush braid and the anodal bolt 71 welded fastening of first anodal brush 7. The second positive electrode brush gap bridge 81 is in a fixed C-shaped bent shape, the second positive electrode brush gap bridge 81 is prevented from moving freely, the radian of the C-shaped bent structure of the second positive electrode brush gap bridge 81 is larger than that of the rotor, contact friction with the rotor can be avoided perfectly through the C-shaped bent structure, and the fixed C-shaped bent shape is manufactured by an injection molding method, so that batch production can be realized, and the cost is low. The outer surface of the second positive electrode brush gap bridge 81 is an insulator 82, a conductive core 83 is arranged inside the insulator 82, two ends of the conductive core 83 extend out of the insulator 82, and one end of the conductive core is welded and fixed with the braid of the second positive electrode brush 8, so that the braid of the second positive electrode brush can be designed to be shorter, and the redundancy of the braid is reduced; the other end is set up to foraminiferous connector 84, connector 84 cover is fixed connection on anodal bolt 71, with first anodal brush 7 and the combination of second anodal brush 8 together, anodal bolt 71 is T type bolt, therefore anodal bolt 71's screw rod passes behind connector 84, utilizes the effect that the head of anodal bolt 71 played the location, and T type bolt itself just has the characteristic of automatic positioning locking moreover, so also be convenient for follow-up assembly with the motor casing. The both ends of the positive pole brush gap bridge 81 of second form spacing portion to 1 bending type of brush yoke bottom plate, brush yoke bottom plate 1 corresponds with insulation board 2 and is provided with an arc spacing groove 11, and it is spacing that the spacing portion 85 cooperation of cambered surface that is close to the brush braid on this arc spacing groove 11 and the positive pole brush gap bridge 81 of second, brush yoke bottom plate 1 and insulation board 2 go up and be equipped with a flat bottom spacing groove 12 with the relative position of arc spacing groove 11, and it is spacing that the spacing portion 86 cooperation of standing vertically that is close to connector 84 is gone up with the positive pole brush gap bridge 81 of this flat bottom spacing groove 12 and second is spacing through the spacing positive pole gap bridge back-and-forth movement that further prevents of second in these two places, guarantees its fixity. The first positive brush 7 and the second positive brush 8 are respectively assembled in the corresponding positive brush boxes 21 in a clearance fit mode, the rear end of the positive brush 21 is abutted against the free end of the volute spring 5, certain pressure is applied to the positive brush through the volute spring 5, and the positive brush is guaranteed to be in good contact with a rotor when the starting motor runs.

According to the above structure, the utility model discloses an anodal brush comprises first anodal brush 7 and the 8 combinations of second anodal brush, need not twine two brush braids of hank and can accomplish in the junction of anodal bolt 71 and connector 84 and be connected, avoided the brush braid because of twining disconnected strand or fracture, the assembly is very simple and convenient, and make the volume of the brush braid that exposes outside reduce one time, thereby increased the distance between the brush braid of anodal brush and negative pole brush 6's the volute spring, make these two keep apart, prevent that the brush braid of anodal brush and negative pole brush 6's volute spring contact from forming the short circuit. The C-shaped bent structure of the second positive brush bridge 81 is fixed under the brush holder base plate 1, and can completely avoid the rotor, so that the insulator 82 of the second positive brush bridge 81 is protected, and contact friction with the rotating rotor is avoided. Therefore, the structure is simple in assembly process and high in operation efficiency, and normal operation of the starting motor can be guaranteed.

The insulation board 2 and the brush holder bottom plate 1 are symmetrically provided with two mounting and fixing holes 26, the insulation board 2 corresponds to the mounting and fixing holes 26 of the brush holder bottom plate 1, the mounting and fixing holes 26 are located between the positive brush box 21 and the negative brush box 22, the screws 9 penetrate through the mounting and fixing holes 26 to be fixedly connected with the motor shell 3 through threads, the heads of the connecting heads 84 and the positive bolts 71 are sleeved with the insulating sheaths 31, then the positive bolts 71 are fixed on a connecting piece of the starting motor, and therefore the insulation board 2, the brush holder bottom plate 1, the brush boxes, the positive brush assembly and the negative brushes 6 are mounted on the motor shell 3. Because the mounting fixing holes 26 are formed in the insulating plate 2 and the brush holder base plate 1, the pressure of the screws 9 in the locking process is applied to the insulating plate 2 and the brush holder base plate 1, the brush box is not affected, and the braid and the electric brush are not affected. The screw 9 adopts a screw with the specification of M4 or M5, the locking torque of the screw with the specification of M4 or M5 is larger than that of the screw with the specification of M3, and the screw with the larger locking torque is adopted under the vibration or large current impact of finished vehicle running, so that the motor failure caused by the open circuit of the negative pole to the ground due to the looseness of the screw can be avoided.

Claims

1. An electric brush assembly structure of a starting motor comprises a brush holder bottom plate (1), wherein an insulating plate (2) is fixedly mounted on the brush holder bottom plate (1), two anode brush boxes (21) and two cathode brush boxes (22) are respectively and axisymmetrically arranged on the insulating plate (2), a central angle between two adjacent anode brush boxes (21) and two cathode brush boxes (22) is 90 degrees, the structures of the anode brush boxes (21) and the cathode brush boxes (22) are the same, each brush box is provided with a hollow brush installation cavity, two side walls of the brush installation cavity are respectively provided with bar-shaped yielding grooves with opposite opening directions, the bar-shaped yielding grooves with the opening directions towards the center of the circle are brush braid yielding grooves (23), the bar-shaped yielding grooves with the opening directions towards the circumference are volute spring yielding grooves (24), one side of each brush box is provided with an upright volute spring support (25), and the volute spring support (25) is positioned beside the volute spring yielding grooves (24), install volute spring (5) on each volute spring support (25) respectively, the stiff end of volute spring (5) is fixed by volute spring support (25), the free end of volute spring (5) is arranged in the brush installation cavity of brush box, respectively clearance fit assembly negative pole brush (6) in two negative pole brush boxes (22), the brush braid and brush yoke bottom plate (1) of negative pole brush (6) are connected fixedly, the rear end of negative pole brush (6) supports the free end of volute spring (5), its characterized in that: still include anodal brush subassembly, anodal brush subassembly includes anodal bolt (71), first anodal brush (7), second anodal brush (8), second anodal brush gap bridge (81), the brush braid and anodal bolt (71) welded fastening of first anodal brush (7), second anodal brush gap bridge (81) is the crooked fixed shape of C shape, and the surface that this second anodal brush gap bridge (81) was crossed is insulator (82), the inside of insulator (82) is electrically conductive core (83), electrically conductive core (83) both ends are stretched out insulator (82), and one end and the brush braid welded fastening of second anodal brush (8), and the other end sets up to foraminiferous connector (84) to avoid, connector (84) cover fixed connection brush bolt (71), through the C shape bending structure and the rotor contact friction of second anodal gap bridge (81), the first positive electrode brush (7) and the second positive electrode brush (8) are respectively assembled in the corresponding positive electrode brush boxes (21) in a clearance fit mode, and the rear end of the positive electrode brush is abutted against the free end of the volute spring (5).

2. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 1, wherein: the brush holder is characterized in that two mounting and fixing holes (26) are symmetrically formed in the insulating plate (2) and the brush holder bottom plate (1), the insulating plate (2) corresponds to the mounting and fixing holes (26) of the brush holder bottom plate (1), the mounting and fixing holes (26) are located between the positive brush box (21) and the negative brush box (22), and the mounting and fixing holes (26) are penetrated through screws (9) to be fixedly connected with the motor shell (3) in a threaded mode.

3. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 2, wherein: the screw (9) adopts a screw with the specification of M4 or M5.

4. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 1, wherein: and two ends of the second positive electrode brush bridge (81) bend towards the brush holder bottom plate (1) to form limiting parts.

5. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 1, wherein: the radian of the C-shaped bent structure of the second positive electrode brush bridge (81) is larger than that of the rotor.

6. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 1, wherein: the brush holder bottom plate (1) is provided with an arc-shaped limiting groove (11) corresponding to the insulating plate (2), and a flat-bottom limiting groove (12) is arranged on the brush holder bottom plate (1) and the insulating plate (2) at a position opposite to the arc-shaped limiting groove (11).

7. The brush assembly-mounting structure of a starter motor according to claim 1, wherein: the positive bolt (71) is a T-shaped bolt.