CN211131028U - Finger-wearing type physiological detection device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a finger wearing formula physiology detection device, including the part that can not deflect and the part that can deflect, wherein, through this part that can deflect, this part that can not deflect can be set up on a finger, obtains the application of force towards finger cross section centre of a circle direction, and reaches at least one luminous source and at least one photo detector and this finger stable contact between in the part that can not deflect, and, through this part that can deflect, this part that can not deflect still can set up in the first half or the lower half of this finger cross section according to the demand difference, in order to obtain different blood physiology information.

Description

Finger-worn Physiological Detection Device

technical field

The utility model relates to a finger-mounted physiological detection device, in particular to a finger-mounted physiological detection device which can obtain physiological signals at different positions of fingers.

Background technique

Blood physiological information obtained at the finger can be used to understand many human physiological conditions, such as blood oxygen concentration, heart rate, etc., and is commonly used in many physiological monitoring equipment, such as patient monitoring, PSG, sleep apnea screening, and Many wearable forms of physiological health monitoring devices.

The main problems of today's finger-worn optical sensing devices are how to fix it, and how to make the user feel comfortable and obtain stable signal quality under the condition of long-term wearing.

The most common type of probe used in the existing finger-worn optical sensing devices is the clip-type probe shown in Figure 1A-1B, which uses mechanical clamping force or elasticity to fix the probe on the fingertip. Fixing force to ensure the contact between the light sensor and the skin of the fingertip. It is easy to cause the blood to not flow in the fingertip after long-term use. Even if a soft and elastic part is set inside the finger clip, this situation can only be partially obtained. The improvement, coupled with the placement of the fingertips, is also easier to fall off due to hand movements, so it is usually used for short-term measurement.

Another light sensor probe is a ring-type probe as described in Chinese patent CN106236106A, which uses elastic material to form a ring to accommodate fingers and parts of different thicknesses, and also achieves maintaining the ring by thinning a part of the ring The effect of applying force to fingers of different thicknesses.

Although such a design has greatly improved the shortcomings of the existing clip-type probes, there is still room for improvement. For example, in order to adapt to different thicknesses of fingers, the ring has reserved space, so the stability of the setting is insufficient and it is easy to loosen. In addition, the installation position of the signal generating sensor and the signal receiving sensor is easy to change due to the thickness of the fingers, so it is difficult to ensure that the contact between the sensor and the skin can reach the ideal state during each measurement, so there are also some measurement problems. of uncertainty.

Another is a ring-type physiological information monitoring device as described in Chinese Patent CN100518630C. Figures 1-11 in the text reveal that the elastic finger support belt is not only adjustable in length, but also used to set the light-emitting device and the receiving device. The hidden danger of this method is that when the length is adjusted by the support belt, it will affect the installation stability of the light-emitting device and/or the receiving device. Contact between fingers is affected, resulting in unstable signal quality.

Therefore, there is a real need for a finger-worn physiological device that not only retains the advantages of the prior art, but also improves upon its absence.

Utility model content

The purpose of the present utility model is to provide a finger-worn physiological detection device, which has an adjustable finger-worn structure, can adapt to fingers of different sizes, and has a fine-tuning function at the same time, which can further adapt to the dynamic change of the finger circumference with time, A slight pressure is applied towards the skin of the finger to the carried physiological sensing element to achieve a balance between maximum contact stability and high-quality physiological signals.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a finger-worn physiological detection device, which can achieve the effect of obtaining physiological information at different parts of the finger through the design of the overall structure.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a finger-worn physiological device and system, the finger-worn structure is flexible and not easy to fall off, which is suitable for use during sleep, and can be used to evaluate and/or cooperate with the obtained physiological signals. Or improve sleep-disordered breathing.

A finger-worn physiological detection device of the utility model comprises: an inflexible part, at least comprising: a casing; a control unit; at least one light-emitting source and at least one light detector, electrically connected to the control unit, and disposed on the surface of the casing; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit for wireless communication with an external device; and a flexible portion configured to be combined with the non-flexible portion, and form a ring around a finger of a user, so that the inflexible part is arranged on the finger, wherein the at least one light source and the at least one light detector are configured to perform reflective blood physiological signals detection; the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector are configured to be located on the half of the cross-sectional surface of the finger; and through the flexible portion, the inflexible portion can obtain a force toward the center of the cross-sectional surface of the finger , thus achieving stable contact between the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector and the finger, and wherein, the at least one light-emitting source is implemented as visible light with a wavelength less than 580 nm; the control unit passes the at least one light-emitting source and the At least one photodetector obtains a blood physiological signal of the user; and the blood physiological signal is used as a basis to obtain the heart rate of the user.

A finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention comprises: a casing; a control unit; at least one first physiological sensing component, and at least one second physiological sensing component, electrically connected to the control unit, and set on the surface of the casing; a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and a finger-worn structure for placing the finger-worn physiological detection device on a finger of a user, wherein the control unit Obtain a first physiological information of the user through the at least one first physiological sensing component, and the control unit obtains a second physiological information of the user through the at least one second physiological sensing component, and wherein the At least the first physiological sensing component is implemented as at least two light sources and at least one light detector, and the first physiological information is implemented as including blood oxygen concentration information; and when the first physiological information is obtained, the housing is constructed as Set on the lower half of the finger.

A finger-worn physiological detection device of the utility model comprises: an inflexible part, at least comprising: a casing; a control unit; at least a first light source, which is electrically connected to the control unit and disposed in the casing body surface to generate light of a first wavelength; at least one second light source, electrically connected to the control unit and disposed on the surface of the casing to generate light of a second wavelength; at least one third light source, electrically connected to the control unit and disposed on the surface of the casing to generate light of a third wavelength; at least one light detector electrically connected to the control unit and disposed on the surface of the casing to receive light from the at least one light detector at least one of the light emitted by a first light-emitting source, the at least one second light-emitting source, and the at least one third light-emitting source; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and a flexible part, used to form a ring body surrounding a finger of a user, and includes a first free end and a second free end, and according to the difference of the mutual combination position of the first free end and the second free end, Rings of different sizes can be formed, wherein, through the flexible portion, the non-flexible portion can obtain a force toward the center of the cross-section of the finger, thus achieving the first light source, the second light source, the first light source. Three light-emitting sources, and stable contact between the at least one light detector and the finger, wherein the control unit obtains a first blood through the first light-emitting source, the second light-emitting source, and the at least one light detector Physiological information, and the first blood physiological information includes blood oxygen concentration; and the control unit obtains a second blood physiological information through the third light source and the at least one light detector, and wherein the first blood physiological information and the second blood physiological information is transmitted to an external device through the wireless transmission module.

Description of drawings

1A-1B show a prior art finger-worn light sensing probe;

2 shows a schematic circuit diagram of a finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention;

3A-3B show schematic diagrams of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 shows a schematic diagram of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to another embodiment of the present invention;

5 shows a schematic diagram of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to still another embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 6A-6H and Figures 7A-7B show possible implementations of the combination of the flexible part and the inflexible part according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

8A-8B show the arrangement of the light sensor on the inflexible part according to the preferred embodiment of the present invention;

Figures 9A-9C show schematic diagrams of implementations in which the inflexible parts are arranged on different knuckles according to the preferred embodiment of the present application;

Figure 10 shows the distribution of blood vessels in the hand;

11A-11C are schematic diagrams showing the implementation of the non-flexible parts arranged on different parts of the finger according to the preferred embodiment of the present application;

Figures 12A-12C show possible implementations of a light source and a light detector in a light sensor according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention; and

Figure 13 shows the PPG signal and its time domain characteristics.

Description of symbols in the figure

100 shell 101 first free end

102 second free end 103 cylinder

1031 Positioning limit part 104 Positioning hole

105 holes 201 Velcro matte surface

202 Velcro hook surface 300 accommodating space

400 Flexible part 401 Combined hole

402 combined with the cylinder 4021 combined with the limit part

403 combination piece 500 light sensor

601 anti-fall off parts 700 fingers

701 Vessels 702 Phalanges

81 infrared light source 82 red light source

83 Green light source 90, 91, 92 light detectors

Detailed ways

Please refer to FIG. 2 , which is a schematic circuit diagram of a finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention.

First, the physiological detection device according to the present invention includes at least one optical sensor, which is electrically connected to a control unit and operates under the control of the control unit, thereby obtaining blood physiological information.

As shown in FIG. 2 , all the components in the physiological detection device are connected to the control unit, wherein the control unit includes at least one microcontroller/microprocessor and is preloaded with a program to control the communication between the hardware components. Communication, the control unit can achieve signal transmission between different hardware components and external applications/external devices connected to the physiological detection device of the present invention, and it also allows the behavior of the device to be programmed to respond to different operating conditions , and the microcontroller/microprocessor also utilizes an internal timer (not shown) to generate time stamps or time differences, or to control operations.

In the application of the present invention, a light sensor refers to a sensor that has both a light source, such as an LED, and a light detector, such as a photodiode, and as is well known, it uses PPG (photoplethysmography, light volume change). tracing diagram) principle, the light source enters the human tissue through the light source, and the light detector will receive the light that penetrates the blood in the blood vessel or is reflected by the blood, and then obtains the blood by obtaining the volume change of the light due to the blood. Physiological signal, so the blood physiological signal obtained by the optical sensor is generally called the PPG signal. The PPG signal will include a fast-moving component (AC Component, AC component), which reflects the pulse wave generated by the contraction of the myocardium transmitted through the arteries, and The slow-moving component (DC Component, DC component) reflects the slower changes in tissue blood volume, such as breathing, chest and abdomen ups and downs, and the effects of sympathetic and parasympathetic nerve activity; in addition, related blood vessel stiffness can also be obtained by analyzing the PPG signal and physiological information such as blood pressure; in addition, it is known from physiological experiments that the PPG pulse wave can be analyzed in the frequency domain to obtain the harmonic resonance of each viscera and heart rate, so this pulse wave heart rate harmonic resonance distribution can be applied to Diagnosis of traditional Chinese medicine and monitoring of human blood circulation, for example, the liver and liver meridians are related to the first harmonic of the heartbeat frequency, the kidney and kidney meridians are related to the second harmonic of the heartbeat frequency, and the spleen and spleen meridian are related to the third harmonic of the heartbeat frequency. Wave correlation, the fourth harmonic correlation of lung and lung meridian heartbeat frequencies, and the fifth harmonic correlation of stomach and stomach meridian heartbeat frequencies.

Generally speaking, the blood physiological information that can be obtained varies according to the type and number of light-emitting sources and light detectors included in the light sensor. For example, the light sensor may include at least one light-emitting source, such as an LED. or a plurality of LEDs, preferably green light/infrared light/red light, and at least one photodetector to obtain blood physiological information such as pulse rate/heart rate and breathing chest and abdomen ups and downs; wherein, when measuring pulse rate/heart rate At this time, green light and visible light with wavelengths below green light, such as blue light and white light, are currently the main light sources used for measuring heart rate, and the interpretation of the AC component is mainly focused. Yes, when a person breathes, the pressure in the cavity of the chest (the so-called intrathoracic pressure) changes with each breath, where, when inhaling, the chest cavity expands causing the intrathoracic pressure to decrease, thereby drawing air in Lungs. During exhalation, intrathoracic pressure increases and forces air out of the lungs. These changes in intrathoracic pressure also cause changes in the amount of blood that returns to the heart through the veins and the amount of blood that the heart pumps into the arteries. The change can be known by analyzing the DC component of the PPG signal.

Alternatively, the light sensor may also include at least two light sources, such as a plurality of LEDs, preferably green light/infrared light/red light, and at least one light detector to obtain blood oxygen concentration (SPO2), pulse Blood physiology information such as rate/heart rate, and breathing chest and abdomen ups and downs. Among them, when measuring blood oxygen concentration, two different wavelengths of light are required to be injected into the tissue, and the oxygenated heme (HbO2) and non-oxygenated heme in the blood are used. (Hb) has different degrees of absorption for two wavelengths of light, and after receiving the transmitted and reflected light, the result of the comparison between the two can determine the blood oxygen concentration. Therefore, the measurement of blood oxygen concentration is usually used for the light sensor. There are more restrictions on the setting position, and the position where the light can actually penetrate into the artery is preferred, such as fingers, the inner surface of the palm, the toes, the soles of the feet, etc., and two different wavelengths can be used, such as red light and infrared light, Or green light with two wavelengths, such as green light with wavelengths of 560 nm and 577 nm, respectively. Therefore, a suitable light source can be selected according to the needs, without limitation.

The wavelength ranges of the above-mentioned various light sources are, the wavelength of red light is about 620nm to 750nm, the wavelength of infrared light is about more than 750nm, and the wavelength of green light is about 495nm to 580nm. For example, the wavelength of red light is 660nm, the wavelength of infrared light is 895nm, 880nm, 905nm or 940nm, and the wavelength of green light is 510-560nm or 577nm. However, it should be noted that in actual use, depending on the purpose of use, the Light sources of other wavelengths can be used, for example, when only the heart rate is to be obtained, other visible light sources with wavelengths less than green light, that is, visible light with wavelengths less than 580 nm, such as blue light, are also one of the options, and, in addition to using specific wavelengths In addition to the single light source, a composite light source containing this wavelength, such as white light, can also be used; furthermore, when acquiring the heart rate, in order to eliminate noise, such as environmental noise, noise generated by body movements during wearing, etc., can also be set Multiple light sources (and the wavelength is not limited, all can be green light, and light sources with other wavelengths can also be used), and the PPG signals obtained by different light sources are processed by digital signal processing, such as adaptive filter (Adaptive Filter) There is no limit to achieve the purpose of eliminating noise by calculation such as subtraction or subtraction from each other.

The control unit will at least include an analog front-end (AFE) circuit for obtaining physiological signals, to perform, for example, analog-to-digital conversion, amplification, filtering, and other functions known to those skilled in the art. The hardware and/or software of this kind of signal processing is well-known, so it will not be described in detail.

In addition, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the application of the present invention may further include a wireless transmission module, such as Bluetooth, BLE, Zigbee, WiFi, RF or other communication protocols, and/or a USB interface to communicate with an external The device communicates wirelessly, wherein the external device may include, but is not limited to, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a personal computer, or a smart wearable device, such as a smart watch, smart bracelet, smart glasses, etc., and the wireless Communication enables information to be exchanged between devices, as well as information feedback, remote control, and monitoring.

Furthermore, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention may also include a power module, such as a button cell, an alkaline battery, or a rechargeable lithium battery, or, alternatively, has a A charging module, such as an inductive charging circuit, or, alternatively, a USB port or a pogo pin for charging; in addition, optionally, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention may also include An information providing unit, preferably, an LCD or LED display assembly, to display, for example, statistical information, analysis results, stored events, operating modes, progress, battery status, or more information; and according to the present invention The finger-worn physiological detection device of the application may also include a data storage unit, preferably, a memory, such as a random access memory (RAM), or an internal flash memory, or a removable memory disk, for storing the obtained data. physiological signals/information.

In addition, it should be noted that, in general, finger-worn physiological detection devices can be mainly divided into two types. One is that the control unit and the light sensor are located in different housings, and are electrically connected through connecting wires. , the other is that the control unit and the light sensor are in the same casing, and in the following description of the utility model application, the relevant structural changes and operation behaviors are all applicable to these two types. ,no limit.

Next, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the application of the present invention further includes a finger-worn structure for disposing the light sensor on the finger, so that the at least one light sensor can be stably disposed on the skin surface of the finger, In order to ensure the acquisition of blood physiological information.

As mentioned above, in addition to improving the comfort of wearing, the present application also hopes to provide a physiological detection device that can actively respond to different usage needs, so as to achieve the purpose of all-weather use. Therefore, according to the present application The overall structure and internal component configuration of the physiological detection device have different designs from those of the prior art.

First of all, in terms of the overall structure, the present application preferably divides the ring into two parts: an inflexible part, and a flexible part, wherein the inflexible part is used to carry the light sensor, and the flexible part is used to carry the light sensor. Parts are used to secure the inflexible part to the finger. The reasons for this configuration are described as follows:

As we all know, a closed circle or an open C-shaped ring is the most common shape of the ring. Although the cross section of the human finger is not a perfect circle, when the ring is only used for decoration, it is only necessary to ensure that the ring It is enough not to fall off, and the shape matching between the two is not absolutely necessary. However, when the optical sensor is further formed in the form of a ring, the mismatch between the shapes will bring great adverse effects.

For example, when choosing the size of a hard ring, the most important consideration is the joint of the finger, and many people wear the ring through the circumference difference between the joint and the non-joint part to prevent the ring from falling off. Therefore, After the ring has passed through the joint, it is often the case that the ring wraps around the knuckle in a looser condition, which is the least desirable situation for physiological measurements because, in general, the light sensor and the skin The smaller the gap, the better the obtained signal, and especially better, according to research, if a slight pressure can be applied to the light sensor to make it fit better with the skin, a better signal can be achieved. In addition, the fingers of the human body may change in different sizes at any time with different physiological conditions. For example, the state of body circulation, obesity, and thinning may all affect the size of the fingers. For example, it is well known that even within the same day , The finger circumference may also change significantly. Therefore, the inflexibility of the general hard ring will not be able to adapt to the dynamic change of the finger circumference, nor can it adjust the pressure in contact with the skin, and it is difficult to obtain a stable and good signal. And this is also the reason why it is difficult to ensure the stability of the arrangement of the optical sensor and the quality of the obtained signal even though the existing ring-type physiological detection device provides a wide range of product sizes to choose from.

Accordingly, the present invention adopts the design of the flexible part and the adjustable ring to solve this problem.

Please refer to FIGS. 3A-3B , which are schematic diagrams of an adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device according to an embodiment of the present invention, which has two free ends, a first free end 101 and a second free end 102 . That is, when it is not set on the finger, it presents an open band shape, and when it is to be set on the finger for measurement, the first free end and the second free end can be combined with each other to form a ring. , so as to be sleeved on the finger; therefore, at least a part of the finger-wearing structure, especially the first free end and the second free end that need to be bent to form a ring body, will be made of flexible material, For example, silicone, rubber, bendable plastic, cloth, etc., there is no limit, in addition to being able to bend with the finger, it can also exert force on the finger through the elasticity and/or stretchability of the material itself, which is helpful for fixation and light. sensor settings.

In this case, the arc formed by the flexible part can be different from the inflexible part, so it is not limited to the fixed shape of the traditional hard ring, which is generally a perfect circle, so it is very helpful to improve the whole ring and the finger. The fit between the surfaces, coupled with the fact that the non-joint parts of the fingers may be deformed by force, make the elastic energy of the flexible parts show the greatest adaptability.

Next, in order to enable the first free end and the second free end to be combined with each other to form a ring body, the first free end and the second free end are provided with mutually matched adjustment mechanisms, the first adjustment mechanism and the second free end. Two adjustment mechanisms, as shown in FIG. 3A-3B and FIG. 4 , the first free end has a positioning member, and the second free end has a plurality of positioning structures. Therefore, when the positioning member and the positioning structure are combined with each other , the finger-wearing structure can form a ring.

The advantage of this design is that when the positioning member is combined with the positioning structures at different positions, the size of the formed ring body is different and has different surrounding perimeters, so that the effect of adjusting the size of the ring body is produced. It can adapt to different finger sizes, for example, different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users, or the same finger at different times, so it is not limited to the size already purchased, which is quite advantageous.

Therefore, through the use of the size-adjustable ring body and the flexible material, the adjustable finger-wearing structure according to the present invention can not only complete the configuration of the light sensor, but also can be naturally worn when the wearing is completed. It is an advantageous way to generate a force towards the center of the cross-section of the finger, so that the light sensor can stably fit the skin of the finger.

Various possible implementations of the positioning element and the positioning structure are possible. In one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 3A-3B , the belt body of the adjustable finger-wearing structure is implemented with a plurality of holes, wherein at least one cylinder 103 is provided on the first free end 101 as a positioning member, The hole on the second free end 102 is used as the positioning hole 104, and, optionally, the front end of the at least one cylinder passing through the positioning hole may further have a positioning limiting portion 1031 with a diameter slightly larger than the diameter of the positioning hole. width to help fix the at least one cylinder, therefore, through the at least one cylinder passing through the positioning hole on the second free end, the adjustable finger-wearing structure can form a ring to fit on the finger , and by making the at least one cylinder pass through different positioning holes, rings with different circumference sizes can be achieved, which is quite convenient in operation and use, wherein, the at least one cylinder can be implemented as a plurality of, in order to have better The fixation and positioning effect, and the shape is not limited, for example, it can be in various shapes such as cylinder, corner column, square column, and the at least one positioning hole can also be in various shapes, so there is no limitation.

In addition, holes 105 can also be implemented on the first free end, so that the at least one cylinder can be implemented in a removable form. The form provides the possibility for users to adjust the position by themselves. In addition, it also makes the two belts have a symmetrical appearance and enhances the aesthetics. At the same time, multiple holes also help to improve air permeability and increase comfort.

In addition, it can be further implemented that additional holes 105 are arranged outside the positioning holes to further achieve the effect of improving the air permeability, especially the hands are frequently moving parts, in addition to the fit and sampling effect, it is also necessary to consider the length The various problems that may be encountered in time wearing, and this way of reducing the contact area between the belt and the skin can indeed effectively reduce the sultry feeling that may be caused by wearing, and such an embodiment is suitable for various Material, such as silicone, rubber, fabric, etc., is a very advantageous choice; in addition, it can also provide the effect of fine-tuning the structure of the finger-wear, because the setting of the holes can make the limiting force of the belt body in the long axis smaller. Therefore, in addition to the flexible effect, there is an additional effect of elastic expansion and contraction in a small range, and this effect helps to make the finger-wearing structure fit the finger better, which is also equivalent to making the light sensor carried by the inflexible part. It can be more stably close to the skin, especially to achieve the best effect of applying slight pressure to the light sensor, and also make the size of the formed ring more adaptable to the slight changes in the size of the finger that may occur in daily life.

Among them, in particular, based on the size of different fingers and the size of fingers of different users, there are certain differences, just as the general market ring is subdivided into multiple sizes, coupled with the smaller perimeter of the cross-section of the finger, so that The range that can be adjusted is also small, so in the preferred embodiment of the present application, the diameter of each hole and the distance between adjacent holes have their optimal ranges. For example, preferably, the diameter of the hole It is between 0.5-1.5 mm, and the distance between adjacent holes is preferably between 2-3 mm between the center of the circle and the center of the circle. It can adapt to fingers of all sizes without breaking.

In another embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4 , the positioning member and the positioning structure are implemented as the Velcro rough surface 201 and the Velcro hook surface 202 on the belt body of the adjustable finger-wearing structure. In addition to the sectioned form shown in the figure, it can also be set continuously. For example, a section of rough surface is provided, or the belt body is directly formed by using a fabric with a rough surface effect. No matter what form is adopted, it can be adapted to The effect of fingers of various sizes, therefore, is not limited, and, in one embodiment, preferably, the belt body can be further implemented to be made of stretchable fabrics, such as fabrics containing lycra fibers, so that It can provide a small range of stretch effect through the fabric itself, which also helps to make the finger-wear structure fit the finger better, and helps to minimize the gap between the light sensor and the skin, so as to achieve the best setting of light pressure , and further, in an embodiment, a hole can also be opened in the fabric, and the casing can be fixed in the manner of engaging it, so as to further simplify the manufacturing process.

Here, it should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments of the flexible portion are only used as examples and not as limitations. Any flexible finger-wearing structure that can adjust the size of the formed ring body and has elastic elasticity belongs to The claimed scope of the application of the present utility model is not limited.

On the other hand, in addition to using a flexible part to achieve any change in the size of the ring body and provide a stable fixing force, and a stretchable elasticity to achieve the effect of slight pressure on the light sensor, the present application also uses a flexible part. The inflexible portion, such as the housing 100 shown in FIGS. 3A-3B and FIG. 4 , provides protection, for example, to prevent damage to the light sensor, circuit, etc. under pressure, and provides a space between the light source and the light detector. The fixed relative position, and the rigidity can further make the centripetal force generated by the flexible part evenly distributed, so that the contact between the light sensor and the finger is more even and stable, thus avoiding the setting of the existing technology. A situation where the contact surface is unstable when the flexible part is used.

First, in response to the design of such a finger-wearing structure with a flexible portion, the light-emitting source and the photodetector disposed in the non-flexible portion of the present invention are implemented adjacent to each other, as shown in FIGS. 12A-12C , If the distance is less than 8mm, and it is preferably arranged on the same plane, in this way, no matter how the size of the formed ring changes, the relative position between the light source and the light detector will not change, which can improve the above-mentioned existing Potential uncertainties in the technique that may shift due to changing finger size also make sampling much more stable.

Here, it should be noted that the sampling method in which the light-emitting source and the photodetector are arranged adjacent to each other is the so-called reflection sampling method. The number of detectors can be multiple. Therefore, depending on the arrangement, the emission and reception angles of light will be different. There are various possible implementations. Therefore, as long as the light-emitting source and the photodetector are arranged adjacent to each other, and It is necessary to set a light barrier between each light-emitting source and the light detector to prevent the light of the light-emitting source from directly leaking to the light detector without passing through the human body, causing the output signal to be easily saturated. The scope of the claim is not limited to the content of the embodiments listed herein.

There are many possibilities for the combination between the flexible part and the inflexible part. In one embodiment, the finger-wearing structure is implemented to have an accommodating space 300, as shown in FIG. 5, for accommodating a casing 100, and the casing is provided with the light sensor, the control unit, and Other circuit components, in this way, through the rigidity of the housing, the housing space and the housing form an inflexible portion, wherein the housing can be implemented in the form of having an interior space for housing the circuit components , can also be implemented in the form of a hard shell formed by filling the circuit with degradable materials such as resin, and optionally, the shell can be implemented in a removable form; As shown in 9A, the accommodating space is implemented to be engaged with the outer structure of the casing of the inflexible portion to achieve the effect of positioning and fixing, so there is no limitation.

In addition, the first free end and the second free end can also be implemented to be combined with the opposite sides of the shell, so that the shell forms the inflexible part alone, in this case, there are also many possible.

For example, in one embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 6A-6H , the cross-sectional views of the flexible portion and the non-flexible portion and the schematic diagram of the flexible portion can be achieved by using the bonding hole 401 and the bonding column 402 to achieve two 6A-6D, the coupling cylinder is implemented as a casing 100 on the inflexible portion, while the coupling hole is implemented as located on the flexible portion 400, Therefore, the flexible portion can be fixed on the housing by passing the bonding cylinder on the housing through the bonding hole on the flexible portion; in addition, in FIGS. 6E-6H, the bonding The cylinder is carried by an additional coupling member 403. In this case, the casing and the flexible portion have coupling holes correspondingly for the coupling cylinder to pass through and pass through at the same time. To achieve the fixing effect, for example, the material and structure are used to achieve the effect of mutual tight fitting and mutual interference, and the joint member is not only passing through the joint hole from left to right as shown in Figures 6E-6H, but also It can be implemented to pass from the right to the left of the figure, without limitation.

In particular, the combination cylinder and the combination hole are arranged in such a way that the long axis direction of the combination cylinder is approximately parallel to the normal direction of the surface of the wearing finger, and the hole of the combination hole is in the flexible position. The surface formed on the curved part is approximately perpendicular to the normal direction of the surface of the wearing finger, and in this way, it can be easily achieved whether it is combined or disassembled from each other, which is an advantageous choice.

In addition, the front end of the coupling cylinder passing through the coupling hole may further have a coupling limiting portion 4021 with a width larger than the diameter of the coupling hole to help the coupling cylinder to limit and fix, for example, an L-shape (Fig. 6C) or T-shape (Fig. 6A), or other shapes (Fig. 6E, 6G); and the material of the joint has a wide range of choices, for example, hard materials such as metal, plastic, or hardness can be used. It is made of relatively soft materials, such as rubber, silica gel, etc.; in addition, the bonding holes and the bonding cylinders can be implemented in various shapes, such as circles, squares, polygons, asymmetric shapes, etc., therefore, there is no limitation.

Alternatively, other forms can also be used to achieve the combination between the two. For example, FIG. 7A shows the case of using a chute, and FIG. 7B shows the case of using a snap part. For example, a rotating shaft can be used, such as a metal rotating shaft, and It is engaged with the casings on both sides; in addition, the combination between the two can also be completed at the same time of manufacture through the design of the structure. Between the two parts, the combination of the belt body and the shell can also be achieved by means of buried injection and extraction.

Moreover, the above-mentioned various bonding structures can be implemented on both sides of the housing, and can also be implemented on one side, or different bonding structures can be used on both sides respectively. The derivative structure changes, as long as the combination and fixation between the two can be achieved, are also within the scope of the application of the present utility model, and are not limited.

Still further, preferably, the inflexible portion can be implemented with a concave surface to approximate the ergonomic structure of the finger, that is, the periphery of the cross-section at the location where the finger is placed, for example, the concave surface and the finger. The outer circumference of the cross-sectional surface is at least partially overlapped, and the overlapped portion at least includes the location where the light sensor is arranged, so that the light sensor arranged on the inflexible portion can pass through the concave surface to more smoothly approach the surface of the finger , thereby making the acquisition of physiological information more stable.

Here, the concave surface is not limited to any form, for example, it can be arc, polygon, irregular, etc., all are feasible, and, preferably, the concave surface is disposed at the position of the light sensor 500 , and further have shape changes, for example, can be partially implemented as a plane (FIG. 8A) or a protrusion (FIG. 8B), etc., to enhance the fit and contact stability of the optical sensor and the skin, and also improve the quality of the sampling signal. Therefore, the key point is that the space formed by the concave can accommodate the finger, and the light sensor disposed on the concave surface can achieve stable contact with the finger, so it is not limited to the above-mentioned shapes.

When the non-flexible portion is implemented with a concave surface, in addition to using generally common flat batteries, such as rectangular batteries, button batteries, in one embodiment, preferably, curved batteries can also be used , more in line with the curvature of the finger, will help reduce the thickness of this inflexible part.

When the inflexible portion is implemented with a concave surface, preferably, the curvature formed by the concave surface can adapt to different finger sizes, for example, different fingers of the same user, or fingers of different users , for example, you can choose a size that falls in the middle and larger range in the size distribution of the general ring, for example, the size of the US ring size 10-12, and make changes based on this radian, and then cooperate with the light sensor to be is placed in a single location, for example, in the middle of the concave surface, so that the larger size in the middle not only ensures that the thicker finger size can be nested, but also makes the light sensor inflexible. Parts make good contact with smaller size fingers, helping to expand the range of applicable finger sizes.

In addition, the length along the major axis of the inflexible portion with the concave surface, that is, the extent of its curvature covering the outer circumference of the cross-sectional surface of the finger, is also very important. For example, an excessively large coverage area may result in an adaptable finger size The range becomes smaller, and if the coverage area is too small, the sense of stability and positioning may be reduced. Therefore, it is preferable, for example, to choose a range covering about 180 degrees, or a range of about 120 degrees, or about 90 degrees of the outer circumference of the cross section of the finger. range, or a suitable range between 60-210 degrees, without limitation.

Therefore, as long as the shape and volume of the inflexible part of the shell are suitable for the ergonomics of the finger, even if a rigid shell such as plastic is used, the size of the flexible ring body of the finger-wearing structure can be adjusted and the degree of fit can be fine-tuned elastically. And being arranged on the surface of the finger is also quite advantageous in terms of manufacturing.

And equally feasible, the inflexible portion can also be implemented without a concave surface, as shown in FIG. 5 and FIG. 9A , in this case, as long as the bottom of the inflexible portion can be limited to the range of a general finger width Inside, the use advantage brought by the flexible part with adjustable size can also adapt to different finger sizes, and the light sensor arranged below it can also have good and stable contact with the finger, and It is feasible to obtain the required signal without putting too much burden on the wearing finger, and the following description of the embodiment based on the inflexible part with the concave surface is also applicable to Inflexible portion without concave surface, without limitation.

Furthermore, in order to allow the light to enter the finger from the light-emitting source smoothly and be reflected back to the light detector, the material disposed between the light sensor and the finger should be selected as a light-transmitting material, that is, the wavelength of the light source emitted by the light-emitting source can pass through. The material, for example, a light-permeable lens, a light-permeable encapsulation material, a part of a light-permeable casing, etc., are not limited.

On the other hand, since the physiological detection device of the present invention adopts the form of a ring that surrounds the finger, the wearing position generally falls on the phalanx where the proximal phalanx or the middle phalanx is located, as shown in FIG. 9A , however, it is not Restrictedly, the flexible part used in the application of the present utility model can be adjusted in size, and can provide force toward the center of the cross-section of the finger and a slight elastic expansion, even if it is arranged in the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, As shown in FIG. 9B, a good fixation effect can also be easily achieved, and in order to further ensure the stability of the arrangement, when the finger-wearing structure is arranged on the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, the finger-wearing structure can further have an anti-falling element 601, As shown in FIG. 9C , to provide a more secure use experience; in addition, when it is set on the fingertip, it is also preferable that in addition to the adjustable finger-wearing structure illustrated in FIGS. 3A-3B , the The stretchable fabric can be used as the flexible part, and the hook surface and the rough surface of the Velcro can be used as the positioning member and positioning structure, so as to achieve the effect of stable fit through the softness of the fabric, so there is no position limit. , which can be selected according to actual use requirements.

Furthermore, the finger-wearing structure can also be implemented in a replaceable form, for example, a plurality of finger-wearing structures can be combined with the same housing to be replaced with different belt lengths, and/or replaced with different adjustment mechanisms. etc., to accommodate the size differences of various fingers and finger positions in a wider range, such as the thickness difference between male and female fingers, the size difference between thicker and thinner fingers of the same user, and the proximal phalanx of the finger. For example, as shown in Figures 6A-6H, the user can easily perform the combination and release between the flexible part and the inflexible part by manual operation , so that the replacement of belts of different lengths can be carried out, and in particular, when such a structure that can be easily replaced is adopted, the inflexible part is implemented even if it does not have two free ends, as shown in Figures 6C-6D and 6G-6H Instead, it provides a variety of length options, and the user can choose the length most suitable for their own finger size for installation, which is also a rather advantageous form. Therefore, there are various possibilities, not limited by the examples shown.

According to the distribution map of the blood vessels in the fingers (please refer to Figure 10) and the cross-sectional views of the fingers in Figures 11A-11C, it can be seen that the distribution positions of the blood vessels in the fingers are located on both sides of the fingers and in the direction of the palm, that is, on the cross-section of the fingers. bottom half.

In this case, if you want to obtain blood oxygen concentration and other physiological information, as mentioned above, light sources with two wavelengths can be used, for example, two wavelengths of green light, or infrared light and red light, which are preferably It is to place the light sensor on the lower half of the cross section of the finger to ensure that the incident light and reflected light pass through the artery to ensure sufficient signal quality. On the other hand, if only the pulse rate/heart rate is required, the A single wavelength light source, such as green light, infrared light, red light, etc., can be set on the upper or lower half of the cross-section of the finger, that is, the acquisition of blood oxygen concentration has strict restrictions, except that two In addition to various wavelength light sources, the light sensor also needs to be placed in the lower half of the cross-section of the finger close to the artery. On the other hand, the pulse rate/heart rate can be obtained with at least a single wavelength light source, and the sampling position is less restricted. , however, multiple or multiple wavelength light sources can also be added to obtain better signal quality, so there is no limit.

In the prior art, it is usually difficult to use the same detection device to achieve such two very different detection requirements, but with the adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention, such a goal becomes feasible.

This is because the adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention is formed by a combination of an inflexible part and a flexible part that can adjust the size of the ring body. Therefore, the inflexible part is advantageously Part of it will be able to change different setting positions according to the change of measurement requirements, that is, dynamically change the measurement position, and therefore, in the case of light source selection, configuration position, and operation mode, both of the above-mentioned two measurements will be possible. The implementation is no longer limited to a single measurement method, so it can realize a finger-worn physiological detection device for all-weather use.

In actual use, for example, as shown in FIGS. 11A-11C, different physiological information can be obtained simply by simply moving the position of the inflexible part according to the type of physiological information to be obtained. Whether it is the need to detect the blood oxygen concentration or the need to detect other blood physiological information, it can be satisfied. For example, when the blood oxygen concentration needs to be obtained, the inflexible part can be moved so that the light sensor falls on the arterial blood vessel 701 The location, that is, the lower half of the cross-section of the finger 700, for example, rotated 90 degrees to the side (FIG. 11A), or rotated a larger angle to the pulp (FIG. 11B), so that the light sensor can accurately The signal is obtained from the position of the blood vessel. In addition, when other physiological information of blood, such as heart rate, is to be obtained, the limitation of the sampling position becomes smaller. For example, the upper half of the cross-section of the finger (Fig. It is convenient; Furthermore, another possible situation is to move the position of the inflexible part according to the timing of use, the type of signal to be obtained, and the difference in signal quality. For example, for the same index finger, where the distal phalanx is located The phalanx is a common location for obtaining blood oxygen concentration, and even if the optical sensor is placed on the upper half of the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, the blood oxygen concentration can still be obtained (Fig. 9B, 9C), while the proximal phalanx or the middle phalanx The knuckles are suitable for wearing during daily activities (Fig. 9A).

Therefore, by virtue of the elasticity provided by the flexible part and the feature that the two free ends of the flexible part can adjust the combined position with each other and achieve the characteristics of dynamically adjusting the size of the ring body, no matter where the inflexible part is arranged on the finger, it is possible to obtain The good fixation also stabilizes the fit between the light sensor and the skin and ensures the signal quality.

Therefore, the adjustable finger-worn physiological detection device provided by the present application achieves the goal of being suitable for all-weather use and obtaining high-quality physiological signals and appropriate physiological information. For example, during daytime activities, in order not to hinder the For hand movements, the light sensor can be placed on the upper half of the cross-section of the finger to obtain heart rate, etc., so that the user can understand the physiological changes during the activity, and it is also convenient to view various information provided by the information providing unit. Furthermore, Such a shape is similar to an ordinary ring, beautiful and not obtrusive, so it is quite suitable for daily use. Even if it is placed on the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located, at this time, in addition to the heart rate, the blood oxygen concentration can be further obtained to learn more information related to sleep, such as whether there are symptoms of sleep apnea during sleep and sleep quality, etc.

Moreover, even if there is a need to monitor blood oxygen concentration during daytime activities, since the size of the formed ring body can be adjusted freely, it can be measured by changing the configuration position. When the oxygen concentration measurement is required, in addition to directly rotating down to the lower half of the finger for measurement, it can also be replaced on the index finger or thumb, using the larger space between the two fingers that does not affect the grip of the hand. This inflexible part, for example, the index finger facing the side of the thumb, allows even long-term measurements to be possible, breaking the limitations of the timing of use, and the thicker blood vessels in the index finger or thumb also have larger blood vessels. The flow rate can provide a signal with a better signal-to-noise ratio (S/N Ratio). In addition, if only a short time measurement is required, it can also be moved to the phalanx where the distal phalanx is located. It can be easily completed by adjusting the bonding position of the belt body, which is quite advantageous.

Therefore, it will be a portable physiological detection device that is easy to operate, convenient and versatile for users.

Next, it will be described how to configure the light source and the light detector to maximize the use of functions.

Since the main goal of the present application is to obtain desired blood physiological information under any circumstances, how to select and configure the light source and how to set the photodetector becomes very important.

In one embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention is implemented as a light source having three wavelengths at the same time, for example, the first light source generates light of a first wavelength, such as an infrared light source, and the second light source generates Two wavelengths of light, such as a red light source, and a third light source that produces a third wavelength of light, such as a green light source, for example, Figures 12A-12C show possible arrangements of three wavelength light sources and photodetectors, where in In FIG. 12A , a single infrared light source 81 and a single red light source 82 and one of the photodetectors 91 are used to obtain the blood oxygen concentration, while the green light source 83 is implemented as two, and the other photodetector 92 is used to obtain the heart rate 12B, each of an infrared light source 81, a red light source 82, and a green light source 83 and a single photodetector 90 are used to obtain blood oxygen concentration and heart rate; The light source 82 and the single infrared light source 81 obtain the blood oxygen concentration, and also obtain the heart rate with the three green light sources 83 .

In other embodiments, the three wavelength light sources can also be implemented as other options. For example, the light of the first wavelength, the second wavelength, and the third wavelength are all implemented as green light, or the first wavelength and the second wavelength are all implemented as green light. The light is implemented as green light and the light with the third wavelength is implemented as infrared light or red light, etc. Therefore, there is no limitation; in addition, the above-mentioned arrangement of the light source and the photodetector is only used as an example, and can be customized according to actual needs. There are different arrangements, again no limit.

From the above, it can be found that the green light-emitting components are implemented as a plurality of, for example, two or three light-emitting components, and the advantage brought by such an arrangement is that since the measurement of the heart rate is mostly during daily activities, there is a There is a high probability that the fit between the light sensor and the skin will be affected by the movement and shaking of the hand. Therefore, the setting of such multiple light-emitting components can achieve a further compensation effect. When the light emitted by one of the light-emitting components cannot be smoothly When the reflection enters the photodetector, there is another light-emitting element available for use, or when multiple light-emitting elements can obtain signals, the reflection path can also be increased, which helps to obtain a signal with a good signal-to-noise ratio and high quality , so whether it is in signal acquisition or physiological information, it has positive help.

In another embodiment, it is implemented as a light source with two wavelengths, for example, red light and infrared light. As mentioned above, in addition to obtaining blood oxygen concentration, red light or infrared light can also be used to obtain heart rate, or The implementation of two wavelengths of green light is also suitable for the novel implementation of the present invention in which the position of the inflexible portion can be dynamically moved.

In addition, in the selection of the photodetector, when detecting the blood oxygen concentration, since there are other light sources in the environment, it is preferable to select a smaller size of the photodetector that receives the infrared light to avoid ambient light On the other hand, the photodetector used to receive green light can choose a larger size to increase the effective reflected light, and further adopt a process that can block other light sources, such as low-frequency infrared light, in order to obtain a higher signal with the best S/N ratio.

Therefore, there can be various changes in the selection and quantity of the wavelength of the light source, and as long as the effect of obtaining the desired physiological information can be achieved, it is an implementable form without limitation.

Here, it should be noted that according to the blood vessel distribution diagram of the hand in FIG. 10 and the cross-sectional view of the finger in FIG. 11, it can be seen that the center of the finger is the phalanx 702, so when the heart rate is obtained when it is set in the upper half of the cross section of the finger For example, when using green light or infrared light, it is better to avoid the position in the center, and set it on the left and right sides of the upper part of the finger with richer physiological tissues and higher blood flow, so as to obtain better signal noise In addition, preferably, the plurality of light sources are arranged parallel to or perpendicular to the direction of the blood vessel, that is, the long axis direction of the finger, so that the path difference between different light sources passing through the blood vessel is reduced, Helps to improve signal quality.

Further, according to the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention, in addition to using the optical sensor to obtain blood physiological information, other physiological sensing components can also be equipped to obtain other physiological information.

In one embodiment, the electrophysiological signal can be obtained by arranging electrodes to be electrically connected to the control unit, wherein the electrodes can be arranged on the inner surface of the ring that contacts the finger, and can also be arranged on the outer surface of the ring. When both electrodes are installed on the outside, the measurement of ECG signals can be performed by making the electrodes on the outside contact other parts of the body, such as the body, another upper limb, lower limb, head, etc.; when two electrodes are installed on the inside, The galvanic skin signal can then be obtained from the fingers, in which case the above-mentioned rotational motion is particularly required, since the galvanic skin signal measures the skin impedance that changes with the state of the sweat glands determined by the activity of the sympathetic nerves in the autonomic nerves, while the inner side of the hand It has abundant distribution of sweat glands. In the case of fingers, it is the lower half of the cross-section. Therefore, through the rotating action, the electrode can be freely rotated to the lower half of the cross-section of the finger, which is more conducive to the improvement of skin electrical signals. capture.

Therefore, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention can also be implemented to obtain different kinds of physiological signals according to the different installation positions of the inflexible part. For example, the inflexible part is simultaneously provided with light In the case of sensors and electrodes, blood physiological signals and electrophysiological signals can be obtained respectively by changing positions. , can also obtain the blood oxygen concentration in the lower half of the finger, and obtain the ECG signal in the upper and lower half of the finger, etc. In addition, it can also be used to obtain the ECG signal of different heart projection angles, When the curved part is set on the upper half of the finger, the other hand can be used to touch the exposed electrode on the outside of the ring to capture the ECG signal, so as to obtain the ECG signal of the cardiac projection angle formed by the two upper limbs, that is, the ECG signal in the limb lead. Lead I, and when it is set on the lower half of the finger, it is more convenient to operate by touching the body torso with the hand wearing the device, so that the exposed electrode contacts the skin of the torso, so that the formation of the upper limb and the torso can be obtained. The cardiac projection angle ECG signal, for example, LA-V5 lead or LA-V6 lead, is a combination that can be implemented and is very helpful for daily physiological monitoring.

In another embodiment, a temperature sensor can also be provided to obtain the user's body temperature information and/or ambient temperature information, especially when it is implemented in the form of a ring, the user has a high probability of using it in daily life, so it can be used for Monitor daily body temperature changes to help users better understand their own physiological changes, or provide ambient temperature changes.

Here, it should be noted that the physiological information that can be obtained on the upper half of the finger includes, but is not limited to, heart rate/pulse rate, ECG information, EMG information, etc. The physiological signal that can be obtained on the lower half of the finger is Including, but not limited to, blood oxygen concentration, heart rate/pulse rate, skin galvanic information, electrocardiographic information, electromyographic information, temperature, etc. Therefore, the above combinations are only examples, not limitations, and can be used according to actual needs. choose.

In another embodiment, an accelerometer, such as a three-axis (MEMS) accelerometer, can be added to define the posture of the device in three-dimensional space, which is directly related to the user's body posture, wherein, The accelerometer will return the acceleration values measured in all three dimensions of x, y, and z, and according to these values, various information about posture and movement will be derived, for example, in daily life. , which can be used to record the user's daily activities (actigraph), such as moving distance, step counting, calorie consumption, etc.; and during sleep, it can provide information about body movements by understanding the activity of the hands, such as turning over, Whether you have fallen asleep, sleep status and other information are not only helpful for understanding the user's physical state, but also as an aid in interpreting other physiological signals. For example, adaptive filters are used to remove noise caused by body movements in PPG signals. , and then have a more correct judgment.

According to another aspect, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention is also suitable for use during sleep.

As mentioned above, according to the PPG signal obtained by the optical sensor, blood physiological information such as pulse rate/heart rate, blood oxygen concentration, chest and abdomen breathing fluctuations, etc. can be obtained, and these blood information can also help to interpret many physiological physiological conditions during sleep. Phenomenon, for example, in the field of sleep research, a symptom that has received considerable attention is sleep-disordered breathing, and the blood physiology information that light sensors can provide can help to understand sleep-disordered breathing.

One such sleep-disordered breathing is sleep apnea (Sleep Apnea), which generally has three types: Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA), Central Sleep Apnea (CSA), and mixed sleep Apnea (Mixed Sleep Apnea, MSA), hereinafter collectively referred to as breathing event (Breathing Event).

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by a decrease or cessation of respiratory airflow for a period of time due to complete or partial obstruction of the upper airway during sleep, usually accompanied by desaturation of blood oxygen concentration. , OSA is a common sleep-disordered breathing, affecting about 25 to 40% of the middle-aged population.

Central sleep apnea (CSA) is caused by a problem with the mechanism by which the brain drives the muscles to breathe, causing short-term cessation of neural drive to the breathing muscles, and these transients, ranging from 10 seconds to 2 to 3 minutes, may Continues throughout the night. Central sleep apnea, similar to obstructive sleep apnea, causes gradual suffocation during sleep, resulting in a brief arousal of the individual from sleep and a return to normal respiratory function at the same time. And like obstructive sleep apnea, central sleep apnea can lead to disorders such as arrhythmia, high blood pressure, heart disease, and heart failure.

Mixed sleep apnea (MSA) refers to a combination of obstructive sleep apnea and central sleep apnea.

The Apnea Hypoxia Index (AHI) is an indicator of the severity of sleep apnea that combines the number of apnea (apnea) and hypopnea (hypopnea) to give a simultaneous assessment of sleep (breathing) interruptions An overall sleep apnea severity score of the number of times and oxygen saturation levels (blood oxygen levels), where AHI is calculated by dividing the total number of apnea and hypopnea events by the number of hours of sleep, usually the AHI value is divided into, 5-15 times per hour is mild, 15-30 times per hour is moderate, and >30 times per hour is severe.

In addition to AHI, studies have confirmed that another important indicator for assessing or detecting sleep apnea is the Oxygen Desaturation Index (ODI), which refers to the drop in blood oxygen levels from baseline to a certain degree per hour during sleep Generally speaking, ODI is expressed in two ways: the number of times the oxygen saturation drops by 3% (ODI3%) and the number of times the oxygen saturation drops by 4% (ODI4%). The difference between ODI and AHI is that AHI also includes Events that may cause sleep arousal (awaken) or arousal (arousal), but do not affect oxygen levels, and studies have confirmed that ODI has a certain correlation with AHI and sleep apnea, which can be effectively used for the diagnosis of OSA. ODI is calculated from blood oxygen concentration, so ODI is also a kind of blood bio-information.

Most patients with OSA have more OSA events in the supine sleeping position, because the upper airway is more susceptible to collapse under the influence of gravity, and in the literature, it is officially diagnosed as postural OSA ( Positional OSA, POSA) is based on the fact that the difference between the AHI value when lying on the back and not lying on the back is greater than a certain threshold. For example, one of the common definitions of POSA is that the AHI value when lying on the back is greater than that when lying on the back The AHI value at the time of POSA is more than twice; it is known from studies that the prevalence of POSA decreases with the severity of OSA, and 70% to 80% of patients with POSA have mild to moderate severity of OSA. Among them, Asian Up to 87% of patients with mild OSA can be classified as patients with POSA.

Another common sleep-disordered breathing is snoring, which affects 20% to 40% of the general population. This noise-producing symptom is caused by the vibration of soft tissues when the upper airway passes through the air during sleep. OSA and severe snoring have been It has been confirmed by research that it is highly correlated with many clinical symptoms, such as daytime sleepiness, depression, the formation of hypertension, ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, etc. Among them, snoring is the most common symptom in OSA, and snoring is the most common symptom of OSA. It is also generally regarded as a precursor phenomenon of OSA, because the causes of both are related to the physiological phenomenon of upper airway narrowing, and sleep position also affects the severity of snoring symptoms.

According to research, with the evolution of the degree of upper airway stenosis, the usual situation is that snoring symptoms related to sleeping positions first occur, and in more severe cases, snoring begins to occur easily even when not lying on the back, and begins to develop into mild snoring. OSA, and the relationship between the occurrence of snoring and sleep position gradually decreased, and further, the severity of OSA also changed from mild to moderate related to sleep position, and finally to severe cases less related to sleep position.

Sleep positional training (SPT) is a method to treat POSA and postural snoring. In recent years, a new generation of postural training devices has been developed. Through the central axis of the body, such as the neck, chest or abdomen, Set up a posture sensor, such as an acceleration sensor, and when it detects that the user's sleeping position is lying on his back, it will generate a weak vibration warning to prompt the user to change the sleeping position to avoid lying on his back. According to many research reports, With this simple yet effective treatment, patients can be prevented from lying on their backs during sleep, thereby significantly reducing the number of OSA events.

However, there is still room for improvement in such training methods. For example, because patients with OSA or snoring have different severity and individual physiological differences, if an evaluation function can be provided before training, it can provide targeted training. Training program and expected information about the training effect; in addition, during SPT, if sleep and breathing information can also be provided, the parameter settings of the device can also be adjusted to achieve the purpose of improving the training effect.

As for the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention, as mentioned above, the obtained PPG signal can not only obtain the blood oxygen concentration to calculate the ODI value, in addition, due to the obstructive sleep apnea, a relative The bradycardia and increase in PPG pulse wave amplitude, as well as the rapid increase in heart rate and strong vasoconstriction that occur immediately after the end of respiratory obstruction, have been reported to be associated with sleep-disordered breathing in patients with sleep-disordered breathing, according to studies. Respiratory events and arousals contributed more to PWA and/or PA than did changes in heart rate (HR/P PI).

Among them, as shown in Figure 13, PPI refers to the peak-to-peak interval: it is defined as the time difference between two consecutive peaks in the PPG signal. First, the peak value (Peak.amp) of each cycle of the PPG signal is detected, and the time stamps of all Peak.amp points are stored in the array buffer. The PPI is calculated as the time difference between consecutive Peak.amp points. In order to obtain For accurate results, a reasonable range of PPI values can be set, eg, PPI < 0.5 sec (>120 strokes/min) or PPI > 1.5 sec (<40 strokes/min) are considered abnormal and removed.

PWA refers to Pulse wave amplitude: it is defined as the difference between the peak amplitude (Peak.amp) and the valley amplitude (Valley.amp), Peak.amp and Valley.amp being the maximum value of each PPG cycle and the minimum amplitude point. First, all Peak.Amp and Valley.amp points are detected as the local maximum and minimum points of the PPG signal. If there is a lack of Peak.amp points, the next Valley.amp point is also discarded. The PWA is calculated by subtracting Valley.amp from Peak.amp immediately before. Since Peak.amp and Valley.amp points are only detected in pairs, otherwise they will be discarded. Therefore, there will be no PWA value error due to missing one of the values. In addition, if there are any abnormal Peak.amp points, the PPI feature extraction is performed. filter procedure mentioned in to exclude them.

PA refers to the pulse area (Pulse Area): the pulse area represents the triangular area formed by a Peak.amp point and two Valley.amp points. Similar to the extraction of PWA features, all Peak.amp and Valley.amp points are detected as local maxima and local minima in the PPG signal, and since the time stamp (ie the number of samples per point) is also recorded, Therefore, the pulse area can be calculated from each pulse waveform.

Respiratory signal RIIV (Respiratory Induced Intensity Variation), which is caused by respiration-synchronized blood volume changes, can be passed through a bandpass filter (for example, 0.13-0.48Hz, 16-level Bessel filter (16th degree) Bessel filter)) from the PPG signal, where the filter suppresses heart-related changes in the PPG signal and frequencies below the respiratory rate, such as sympathetic nerve activity and reflex changes in response to efferent vagal activity.

Therefore, in order to detect sleep apnea/hypopnea events and their onsets, PPG waveform derived PPI, PWA, PA, and RIIV from optical sensors can also be used to detect various respiratory events related information. And as a pointer.

In addition, the use of the flexible part in the application of the present invention can not only allow the device to be stably installed on the finger, but also not easily fall off even during sleep, obtain the PPG signal stably, and also allow the light sensor and the skin to have a stable connection. contact, and improve the signal quality, so it is very suitable for this application.

For example, in one embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device of the present invention can be matched with a posture detection device disposed on the central axis of the body, such as the chest, abdomen, and neck, for example, it also has a control unit. And a device equipped with an accelerometer can further measure the body posture changes during sleep, such as lying on the back or not. Combined, blood physiological information can be judged, such as blood oxygen concentration, ODI value, PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV, etc., and the correlation of sleep body posture, and then help users understand whether it is postural sleep apnea and whether it is suitable for sleep posture training.

After that, through the information providing unit, for example, it may be an information providing unit provided on the finger-worn physiological detection device, or provided on the posture detection device, or provided on an external device, for example, a smart phone, a personal computer, Intelligent wearable devices, etc., can let the user know the above-mentioned various information, which is quite convenient in use; and the calculation of blood physiological information and/or the calculation of the correlation between blood physiological information and sleeping body posture, also Optionally performed on finger-worn physiological detection devices, gesture detection devices, and/or external devices, without limitation.

Still further, in another embodiment, if a vibration module is added, for example, it is placed on a finger-worn physiological detection device or a posture detection device, the aforementioned sleep posture training can be provided, that is, when When it is detected that the user is in a supine position, a vibration warning is provided to make it change to a non-recumbent position. Besides, a vibration warning can be generated according to the sleeping position obtained by the posture detection device, and a finger-worn physiology can also be used. The detection device to know the effect of SPT, for example, whether the occurrence of sleep apnea events is reduced, can also be used as the basis for adjusting vibration parameters, such as intensity, frequency, duration, etc., which is a quite advantageous combination.

In another embodiment, when the finger-worn physiological detection device simultaneously includes at least one light source, at least one light detector, and a vibration module, it can also be used alone to improve sleep-disordered breathing. As mentioned above, by analyzing the blood oxygen concentration/ODI value and/or PPI, PWA, PA, RIIV and other respiratory event-related information obtained from the PPG signal, it is possible to know whether a respiratory event occurs and/or the onset of a respiratory event. However, if a vibration alert can be provided when a respiratory event occurs and/or at the beginning of the respiratory event, for example, when the blood oxygen concentration/ODI value and/or the information related to the respiratory event meets a default condition, the user will experience partial awakening Or wake up, and interrupt sleep apnea, thus preventing the state of sleep apnea.

This method of monitoring the onset of sleep apnea and briefly waking the user up periodically and/or continuously is a biofeedback program used to prevent sleep apnea when the user experiences repeated sleep apnea, such as Vibration alerts will make patients instinctively learn to take a few deep breaths when a breathing event occurs, and restore sleep, and according to research and experiments, this conditioned reflex to alerts can effectively reduce or eliminate sleep apnea for a period of time.

Therefore, when the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the present invention has a vibration module, it has the capability of performing such a physiological feedback procedure, and provides another option for improving sleep-disordered breathing.

In another embodiment, the finger-worn physiological detection device according to the application of the present invention can have another advantageous application by further disposing a sound-receiving component to obtain snoring sound information during sleep. The sound pickup component can be a microphone, which is arranged in a finger-worn physiological detection device worn on the finger, or is arranged in other devices placed around during sleep, such as a microphone in a smart phone, a tablet computer, etc., Therefore, the breathing sound of the user during sleep can be obtained, and then the snoring sound information can be obtained. After that, a vibration warning can be generated according to whether the snoring sound occurs, so that the user can wake up (and change the body posture), and then interrupt the snoring. In this case, It can achieve posture training for postural snoring, and can also achieve the physiological feedback effect of preventing snoring; or, further, a posture detection device can be added to accurately provide the relationship between snoring and body posture, which will help to adjust Parameters for vibration alerts.

In addition, further, the vibration module can be used to perform a wake-up action to wake up the user from the sleep state by generating vibration, and the accelerometer can be used to obtain information about the sleep stage.

Here, it should be noted that in the above-mentioned embodiments, the analysis of the PPG signal, the determination of whether a respiratory event occurs, the determination of whether to provide a vibration alert, and/or the parameter adjustment of the vibration alert, etc., are calculated by various arithmetic expressions. It can be achieved, and various calculation formulas, without limitation, can be implemented as calculations in the finger-worn physiological detection device, in the posture detection device, and/or in an external device, and through the setting of the wireless transmission module, multiple Wireless communication can be performed between devices to achieve the most convenient operation mode for users, so it can be changed according to actual needs without limitation.

To sum up, the finger-wearing physiological detection device according to the present application, through the novel finger-wearing structural design, achieves the function of adjusting the size of the ring body to adapt to different finger sizes, and at the same time can provide the effect of fine-tuning, in addition to It can better fit the dynamically changing finger circumference, and further achieve the purpose of applying slight pressure to the light sensor to improve the signal-to-noise ratio of the obtained signal, and the inflexible part and the flexible part are combined to form a finger-wearing device. The design of the physiological detection device improves the stability of the settings of the light sensor, which is equivalent to ensuring the quality of the obtained physiological signal and the advantage that it can be used at any time, such as during the daytime activity, during sleep, plus, through the The position of the inflexible part on the finger can be changed according to the demand, resulting in sampling variability, therefore, the present application does provide technical content that improves the prior art and is more advanced.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and simple improvements made on the substance of the present invention shall be included in the protection of the present invention. within the range.

Claims (25)

1. A finger-worn physiological detection device, characterized in that, comprising: An inflexible part, including at least: a shell; a control unit; at least one light source and at least one light detector, electrically connected to the control unit and disposed on the surface of the casing; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit for wireless communication with an external device; and a flexible portion configured to combine with the inflexible portion and form a loop around a finger of a user such that the inflexible portion is disposed on the finger, in, The at least one light source and the at least one light detector are configured to perform reflective blood physiological signal detection; The at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector are configured to be located on a half of the cross-sectional surface of the finger; and Through the flexible portion, the inflexible portion can obtain a force toward the center of the cross-section of the finger, thereby achieving stable contact between the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one photodetector and the finger, and in, The at least one light-emitting source is implemented as visible light with a wavelength less than 580 nm; The control unit obtains a blood physiological signal of the user through the at least one light-emitting source and the at least one light detector; and The blood physiological signal is used as a basis to derive the user's heart rate. 2 . The device according to claim 1 , wherein the blood physiological signal is further used as a basis to obtain at least one of the following blood physiological information of the user, including: respiration chest and abdomen rise and fall, blood pressure, sympathetic nerve and Parasympathetic nerve activity, and pulse wave heart rate resonance distribution. 3. The device of claim 1, wherein at least one of the following is transmitted to the external device through the wireless transmission module, comprising: the blood physiological signal, and the blood physiological signal derived from the blood physiological signal information. 4. The device of claim 1, wherein the at least one light-emitting source is implemented as a plurality of light-emitting sources, and is disposed on the lower half of the cross-section of the finger together with the at least one light detector, and the control unit At least one of the following blood physiological information of the user is obtained through the plurality of light-emitting sources and the at least one light detector, including: blood oxygen concentration and oxygen saturation index. 5. The device of claim 1, further comprising an accelerometer electrically connected to the control unit to obtain at least one of the following physiological information of the user, including: daily activity information, sleep body posture, and sleep stage. 6. The device of claim 1, wherein the flexible portion is constructed to include a first free end and a second free end, and have a first adjustment mechanism and a second adjustment mechanism, respectively, to The first free end and the second free end can have different combining positions, thereby realizing rings with different perimeters. 7. The device of claim 1, wherein the external device is implemented as at least one of the following, including: a smart phone, a smart wearable device, a tablet computer, and a personal computer. 8. A finger-worn physiological detection device, comprising: a shell; a control unit; At least one first physiological sensing component and at least one second physiological sensing component are electrically connected to the control unit and disposed on the surface of the casing; a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and a finger-worn structure for disposing the finger-worn physiological detection device on a finger of a user, in, The control unit obtains a first physiological information of the user through the at least one first physiological sensing component, and the control unit obtains a second physiological information of the user through the at least one second physiological sensing component, and in, The at least first physiological sensing component is implemented as at least two light sources and at least one light detector, and the first physiological information is implemented as including blood oxygen concentration information; and When acquiring the first physiological information, the housing is configured to be disposed on the lower half of the finger. 9. The device of claim 8, wherein the at least one second physiological sensing component is implemented as at least one light source and at least one light detector, and the second physiological information is implemented as at least one of the following physiological information One, including: heart rate information, breathing chest and abdomen ups and downs information, blood pressure, sympathetic nerve and parasympathetic nerve activity, and pulse wave heart rate resonance distribution. 10. The device of claim 8, wherein the housing is configured to be placed on the upper half of the finger when the second physiological information is obtained. 11. The device of claim 8, wherein the at least one second physiological sensing component is implemented as at least two electrodes, and the second physiological information is implemented as at least one of the following physiological information, including: ECG information , skin information, and EMG information. 12. The device of claim 8, wherein the second physiological signal is obtained by obtaining on another finger of the user. 13. The device of claim 8, further comprising an accelerometer electrically connected to the control unit to obtain at least one of the following physiological information of the user, including: daily activity information, sleep body posture, and sleep stage. 14. The device of claim 8, wherein the housing is configured to have a concave surface as a finger-contacting surface. 15. The device of claim 8, wherein at least a portion of the concave surface is configured as a plane or a protrusion, and the at least one first physiological sensing element and the at least one second physiological sensing element At least one of them is arranged on the plane or the protruding position. 16. The device of claim 8, wherein the finger-worn structure is implemented as an adjustable finger-worn structure. 17. The device of claim 8, wherein the finger-worn physiological detection device is configured to be used during a sleep period, and the blood oxygen concentration information is used to derive the oxygen saturation of the user during sleep Unsaturation Index. 18. The device according to claim 17, further comprising a vibration module electrically connected to the control unit to generate vibration according to the first physiological information and/or the second physiological information to generate vibration for the user alert, and wherein the vibration module is further used to wake the user. 19. A finger-worn physiological detection device, characterized in that it comprises: An inflexible part, including at least: a shell; a control unit; at least one first light-emitting source, electrically connected to the control unit, and disposed on the surface of the casing to generate light of a first wavelength; at least one second light source, electrically connected to the control unit, and disposed on the surface of the casing to generate light of a second wavelength; at least one third light-emitting source, electrically connected to the control unit, and disposed on the surface of the casing to generate light of a third wavelength; At least one light detector, electrically connected to the control unit, and disposed on the surface of the casing to receive light emitted from the at least one first light-emitting source, the at least one second light-emitting source, and the at least one third light-emitting source at least one of the lights; and a wireless transmission module electrically connected to the control unit; and A flexible portion is used to form a ring body surrounding a finger of a user, and includes a first free end and a second free end, and is combined with each other according to the first free end and the second free end Different positions can form rings of different sizes, in, Through the flexible portion, the non-flexible portion can obtain a force toward the center of the cross-section of the finger, thus achieving the first light source, the second light source, the third light source, and the at least one light detection stable contact between the device and the finger, in, The control unit obtains a first blood physiological information through the first light-emitting source, the second light-emitting source, and the at least one light detector, and the first blood physiological information includes blood oxygen concentration; and The control unit obtains a second blood physiological information through the third light source and the at least one light detector, and in, The first blood physiological information and the second blood physiological information are transmitted to an external device through the wireless transmission module. 20. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first wavelength is implemented to be between 620 nm and 750 nm, the second wavelength is implemented to be greater than 750 nm, and the third wavelength is implemented to be less than 580 nm. 21. The apparatus of claim 19, wherein the first wavelength and the second wavelength are implemented as two wavelengths between 495 nm and 580 nm. 22. The device according to claim 19, wherein the first blood physiological information and the second blood physiological information further comprise at least one of the following, including: heart rate, respiration chest and abdomen ups and downs, blood pressure, sympathetic nerves and parasympathetic nerves Nerve activity, and pulse wave heart rate resonance distribution. 23. The device of claim 19, further comprising an accelerometer to obtain at least one of the following physiological information of the user, including: daily activity information, sleeping body posture, and sleep stage. 24. The device of claim 19, wherein when the first blood physiological information is obtained, the at least one first light source and the at least one second light source are implemented as disposed on the lower half of the cross-section of the finger. 25. The device of claim 19, wherein when the second blood physiological information is obtained, the at least one third light source is implemented as a number on the upper half of the cross-section of the finger.

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