CN211038922U - Tower foundation, tower system and wind generating set - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a tower foundation, a tower system and a wind power generator set. The tower foundation comprises a lower foundation part and an upper foundation part located above the lower foundation part, and the upper foundation part is provided with a plurality of Prestressed anchor cables and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts, the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts are respectively uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper base part and coaxial with each other, and the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts Stress anchors extend in the upper base portion, and at least one of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchors further extends into the lower base portion. According to the tower foundation of the utility model, the corrosion phenomenon of the connecting parts is reduced, and the combined use of the prestressed anchor cable and the prestressed anchor bolt reduces the use of the anchor bolt, thereby reducing the opening of the flange at the bottom of the tower. The weakening of its strength ensures the long-term safe operation of the wind turbine and reduces the operation and maintenance cost.

Description

Tower foundations, tower systems and wind turbines

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of wind power generation, in particular to a tower foundation, a tower system including the tower foundation, and a wind power generator set.

Background technique

The tower foundation is an important part of the wind turbine. The position where the tower is connected is the key to the operation of the wind turbine. The durability of this position is related to the safety and reliability of the wind turbine.

With the continuous development of the wind power industry, the installation of wind turbines in wet areas such as river banks and lakes is increasing. Due to the influence of groundwater levels and floods in the rainy season, the tower foundation is kept in a humid environment for a long time, resulting in In the tower foundation, such as the foundation ring of the foundation ring foundation or the anchor bolts of the anchor bolt foundation, there are different degrees of corrosion, which increases a certain cost for the operation and maintenance of the wind turbine in the later stage, and brings certain difficulties to the operation of the wind turbine. Hidden risks. Moreover, if the connector is corroded during operation, it needs to be replaced again, and there are certain difficulties in construction.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model provides a tower foundation including a lower foundation part and an upper foundation part. By setting the upper foundation part above the water level, the corrosion phenomenon of the anchor bolt is reduced, and the prestressed anchor cable and The combined use of prestressed anchor bolts reduces the use of anchor bolts, thereby reducing the weakening of the strength of the bottom flange of the tower by the opening of the flange at the bottom of the tower, ensuring the long-term safe operation of the wind turbine and reducing transportation costs. dimension cost.

According to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tower foundation which may include a lower foundation portion and an upper foundation portion overlying the lower foundation portion, the upper foundation portion being provided with a connection to the tower A plurality of prestressed anchor cables and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts of the frame, wherein the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts are respectively uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper base portion and are identical to each other. a shaft, wherein the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts extend in the upper base portion, and wherein the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts At least one further extends into the lower base portion.

The plurality of prestressed anchor cables may extend in the upper base portion and the lower base portion, the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may extend in the upper base portion, wherein the plurality of prestressed The lower end of the anchor cable may be mounted on a prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate, the prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate may be mounted on a steel support system located in the lower foundation portion, and the plurality of prestressed The lower ends of the anchor bolts may be provided on a lower anchor plate, which may be mounted on a steel support system in the upper base portion.

When the height of the upper foundation part is greater than 3m, the length of each of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may be 1/3˜1/2 of the height of the upper foundation part; When the height of the foundation part is less than or equal to 3m, the length of each of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables extending to the lower foundation part may be at least 2/3 of the height of the lower foundation part.

The plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may extend in both the upper base portion and the lower base portion, respectively, wherein lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables are mountable On the lower bearing plate of the prestressed anchor cable, the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may be installed on the lower anchor plate, and the lower bearing plate of the prestressed anchor cable and the lower anchor plate may be integrally formed and installed On a steel support system located in the lower base section.

The lower foundation portion and the upper foundation portion may both be hollow foundations.

Each of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may be arranged in a circle, and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts are arranged outside the plurality of prestressed anchor cables.

The lower bearing plate of the prestressed anchor cable may be a steel plate with an annular shape as a whole, or may include a plurality of square steel plates or a plurality of circular steel plates arranged in a circle.

The number of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables may be 18 to 25 bundles, and the number of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts may be 55 to 80.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a tower system, which may include a tower foundation as described above and a tower located thereon, the lower end of the tower being provided with a tower bottom method The flange at the bottom of the tower is connected and fixed with the plurality of prestressed anchor cables and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts.

According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wind turbine generator set, which may include the tower system as described above.

According to the tower foundation of the utility model, the corrosion problem of the connecting parts at the connection between the tower and the foundation can be effectively avoided, and the combination of prestressed anchor cables and prestressed anchor bolts can reduce the number of anchor bolts and reduce the overall construction cost. , strong operability. In addition, since the use of anchor bolts is reduced, the weakening of the strength of the opening of the flange at the bottom of the tower is reduced, the long-term safe operation of the wind turbine is ensured, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced. In addition, the prestressed structure is safe and reliable, and the concrete is under pressure for a long time without cracking, which improves the durability of the structure.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a tower foundation according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the tower foundation according to the first embodiment, which does not show the connection relationship with the tower.

FIG. 3 is a partial schematic view showing the grouting leveling of the tower foundation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

4A to 4C are respectively plan views schematically illustrating an example of a prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate according to an embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a plan view schematically showing an example of a lower anchor plate according to an embodiment.

6 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing a tower foundation according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

Description of reference numbers:

1-Lower foundation part; 5-Upper foundation part; 4-Prestressed anchor cable; 2-Prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate; 3-Prestressed anchor; 7-Prestressed anchor bolt; 8- Lower anchor plate support bolt; 9- Adjusting nut; 10- Transition pad; 11- Bolt connection hole; 12- Grouting material; 13- Leveling bolt; 100- Tower; 14- Tower bottom flange; 15 -Anchor bolt connection holes.

Detailed ways

The embodiments of the present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Referring to FIG. 1 , a tower foundation according to an embodiment of the present invention is disposed below a tower 100 and is connected to the tower foundation through a tower bottom flange 14 .

According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tower foundation comprises a lower foundation part 1 and an upper foundation part 5 located above the lower foundation part 1 . In addition, the upper foundation part 5 is provided with a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 connected to the tower 100, and the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are respectively arranged along the upper foundation. The circumferential directions of the parts 5 are uniformly arranged and coaxial with each other.

Furthermore, a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 extend in the upper base part 5 and at least one of them extends into the lower foundation part 1 . For example: according to the embodiment shown in Figure 1, a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 extend in the upper base part 5 and the lower base part 1, while a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 extend only in the upper base part 5; and Unlike the embodiment of FIG. 1 , in the embodiment shown in FIG. 6 , a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 both extend in both the upper base part 5 and the lower base part 1 . However, it is not limited to the example in the drawings, and it can also be set in the following form: a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 only extend in the upper base part 5, and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are arranged in the upper base part 5 and the lower base part 12 extend in.

The structure of the tower foundation according to the first embodiment will be described below with reference to FIGS. 1 to 5 .

In the tower foundation according to the first embodiment, the lower foundation part 1 is provided on the ground and may occupy a large area, for example, the lower foundation part 1 may adopt an enlarged slab foundation or a beam slab foundation. In addition, the upper surface of the upper base portion 5 is higher than the water level H so that the connection position between the tower 100 and the tower foundation is located above the water level H. Among them, the water level height H is the height determined according to the water level height value of the flood control area. In this way, water can be effectively prevented from infiltrating the connection between the tower 100 and the tower foundation, thereby avoiding corrosion of the connection there.

According to the first embodiment, the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 extend in both the upper base portion 5 and the lower base portion 1, while the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 extend only in the upper base portion 5, which can effectively combine The features and advantages of the prestressed anchor cable 4 and the prestressed anchor bolt 7, which in turn form a stable tower foundation, are explained in detail below.

Each of the prestressed anchor cables 4 can be formed of steel strands. Since the steel strands are formed by twisting a plurality of fine steel wires, even if there are broken steel wires in the anchor cables, the whole bundle will not break. Therefore, it is not easy to fail, and fast installation can be achieved without screwing a nut. However, the steel strand has the disadvantage of large prestress loss and the shorter the length, the greater the prestress loss. In addition, the prestressed anchor bolt 7 has the advantage of low cost, however, the prestressed anchor bolt 7 has the following disadvantages: the prestressed anchor bolt 7 is connected to the tower bottom flange 14, and due to the small hole diameter of the tower bottom flange 14, the The diameter of the nut (not shown) for installing the prestressed anchor bolt 7 to the tower bottom flange 14 is large, so stress concentration is likely to occur. In addition, the process of screwing the nut also prolongs the construction period.

Therefore, according to the present invention, by using a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 in combination, the above disadvantages can be compensated.

If only the prestressed anchor bolts 7 are used, the connection reliability of the connection between the tower 100 and the tower foundation decreases because the nut connecting the prestressed anchor bolts 7 to the tower bottom flange 14 will spin due to vibration. However, if the prestressed anchor cable 4 is added on this basis, the anchor cable clip (not shown) connected to the prestressed anchor cable 4 will be pulled more and more tight due to vibration, thereby improving the relationship between the tower 100 and the tower. The reliability of the foundation connection, thereby improving the safety of the entire wind turbine operation.

In addition, due to the use of prestressed anchor cables 4, the number of prestressed anchor bolts 7 to be used is reduced, so the connection force of the flange 14 at the bottom of the tower can be improved, and the tightening of nuts due to the installation of the prestressed anchor bolts 7 can be reduced. process, reducing the construction period.

As mentioned above, the stress loss of the prestressed anchor cable 4 is relatively large, so if the low retraction anchor is used to make up for these stress losses, the cost will be greatly increased, and the prestressed anchor bolt 7 is used in this embodiment to make up for the prestressed stress. The stress loss of the anchor cable 4 can effectively reduce the cost. In addition, since the shorter the length of the prestressed anchor cable 4, the greater the stress loss, so in this embodiment, it is preferable to set the length to be longer, that is, the prestressed anchor cable 4 is located between the lower foundation part 1 and the upper foundation part 1. The parts 5 are extended in both, thereby effectively reducing the stress loss.

Regarding the lengths of the prestressed anchor cables 4 and the prestressed anchor bolts 7 , preferably, when the height of the upper base portion 5 is greater than 3 m, the length of each of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 is the height of the upper base portion 5 . 1/3～1/2; when the height of the upper foundation part 5 is less than or equal to 3m, the length of each of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 extending into the lower foundation part 1 is at least 2 times the height of the lower foundation part 1 /3. However, the lengths of the prestressed anchor cable 4 and the prestressed anchor bolt 7 are not limited to this, but can be adjusted accordingly according to the actual situation.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 can be installed on the lower bearing plate 2 of the prestressed anchor cables. Taking the concrete tower foundation as an example, the lower bearing plate 2 of the prestressed anchor cable is installed on the steel support system located in the lower foundation part 1 before concrete is poured. The stress anchor cable 4 is fixed to the lower bearing plate 2 of the prestressed anchor cable, and then the lower base part 1 is formed by casting.

4A-4C show various shapes of the lower bearing plate 2 of the prestressed anchor cable. As shown in the figures, the lower bearing plate 2 of the prestressed anchor cable can be a steel plate with an annular shape as a whole ( FIG. 4A ). Or include a plurality of square steel plates arranged in a circle (Fig. 4B) or include a plurality of circular steel plates arranged in a circle (Fig. 4C), the shape of the prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate 2 is not limited to this, but can be It is a variety of forms in the form of a circular ring as a whole.

Referring back to FIG. 1 , the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are provided on the lower anchor plate 6 , which is fixedly coupled to the reinforcing bars in the upper base portion 5 . In addition, the upper ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are mounted on the transition pad 10, and the transition pad 10, the lower anchor plate 6 and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 together form an anchor bolt cage. Therefore, both the lower anchor plate 6 and the transition pad 10 may be in the shape of a circular ring.

In addition, the anchor cage is also provided with a leveling member for leveling the transition pad 10 and the lower anchor plate 6 .

Specifically, the lower anchor plate support bolts 8 are installed on the lower anchor plate 6, and the supports (not shown) of the lower anchor plate support bolts 8 can also be welded to the steel bars near it. (not shown) connected to the lower anchor plate 6, the lower anchor plate 6 can be leveled, and the lower anchor plate 6 can also be supported at the same time. Further, as shown in FIG. 5 , the lower anchor plate support bolts 8 may be connected to the lower anchor plate 6 through the bolt connection holes 11 , the lower anchor plate support bolts 8 may be provided in plural, and the plurality of lower anchor plate support bolts 8 may be They are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction and are arranged outside the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 . Preferably, six lower anchor plate support bolts 8 can be provided. In addition, anchor bolt connection holes 15 are also formed on the lower anchor plate 6 , and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are respectively installed to the lower anchor plate 6 through the plurality of anchor bolt connection holes 15 .

A leveling bolt 13 and a leveling nut 9 are provided below the transition pad 10 . The support (not shown) of the leveling bolt 13 can be welded on the steel bar near it, and the screw rod (not shown) of the leveling bolt 13 is connected to the transition pad 10, and is supported by the support to the transition pad 10 for leveling. The leveling nut 9 is screwed onto the prestressed anchor bolt 7 , and the position of the leveling nut 9 relative to the prestressed anchor bolt 7 is adjusted to assist in the leveling of the transition pad 10 .

After the concrete is cast to form the upper base portion 5, grouting is required in order to tightly bond the transition pad 10 to the concrete. However, after grouting, it is necessary to ensure that the flatness of the transition pad 10 is within the tolerance range, so the above-mentioned leveling member also needs to be used to level the transition pad 10 before grouting.

Figure 3 shows a partial schematic view of grouting leveling. As shown in FIG. 3 , before grouting, adjust the flatness of the transition pad 10 by adjusting the leveling bolts 13 , and then re-measure the flatness of the transition pad 10 by adjusting the leveling nut 9 to ensure the smoothness of the transition pad 10 . The flatness is within the error range (for example, the maximum deviation of the levelness of the transition pad 10 is ≤2mm). The grouting is carried out after the concrete surface has been cleaned (no loose gravel, laitance, floating ash, oil stains, etc.). After the grouting is completed, the grouting material 12 as shown in FIG. 3 is formed, and the transition pad 10 and the concrete are tightly combined with the grouting material 12 . After that, the steel strands of the lower foundation part 1 and the upper foundation part 5 are threaded and then tensioned to anchor the tower foundation and the tower into an integral tower system.

Referring back to FIG. 1 , a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 may each be arranged in a circle. In this case, the number of prestressed anchor cables 4 may be 18 to 25 bundles. The number of 7 is 55 to 80, preferably, the number of prestressed anchor cables may be 20 bundles, and the number of prestressed anchor bolts may be 60 to 70. In addition, FIG. 1 shows a form in which a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 are arranged on the inner ring and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 are arranged on the outer ring, but not limited to this, and the positions of the two can also be interchanged.

Figure 6 shows a tower foundation according to a second embodiment of the invention.

As shown in FIG. 6, in the tower foundation according to the second embodiment, the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 both extend in both the upper foundation part 5 and the lower foundation part 1, And the plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 may have the same length.

In this case, the lower bearing plate 2 and the lower anchor plate 6 of the prestressed anchor cable can be integrally formed, so as to facilitate on-site installation and later replacement. That is to say, any one of the lower bearing plates 2 of the prestressed anchor cables in FIGS. 4A to 4C can be coaxially provided with the lower anchor plate 6 of FIG. 5 as a whole.

In addition, the lower foundation part 1 and the upper foundation part 5 can preferably be set as hollow foundations, so that it is more convenient to install and replace multiple prestressed anchor cables 4 and multiple prestressed anchor bolts 7 as well as the integrated prestressed anchor cable lower The bearing plate 2 and the lower anchor plate 6. But it is not limited to this, as in the first embodiment, the lower base part 1 can be a solid foundation, and the upper base part 5 can be a hollow foundation; or both can be set as a solid foundation. When set up as a solid foundation, it can be filled with materials such as concrete. As long as it can meet the setting strength of the tower foundation.

Other structures according to the second embodiment are the same as or similar to those of the first embodiment, and thus detailed descriptions thereof are omitted.

When manufacturing the tower foundation according to the invention, the lower foundation part 1 and the upper foundation part 5 can be formed separately. For example, a steel support system (eg, rebar cage) is first provided, after casting to form the lower base portion 1 , the steel support system for forming the upper base portion 5 is placed over the lower base portion 1 , and then cast to form the upper base portion 5 . This formation is preferably applied to the tower foundation of the first embodiment.

However, the lower base part 1 and the upper base part 5 may also be integrally formed. For example, after providing the steel support system for forming the lower foundation part 1 and the upper foundation part 5 and installing the prestressed anchor cables 4 and the prestressed anchor bolts 7, the tower foundation is formed together by casting, which is preferably applicable. The tower foundation of the second embodiment.

The present invention can also provide a tower system, the tower system can include the tower 100 and the above-mentioned tower foundation, the lower end of the tower 100 can be provided with a tower bottom flange 14, the tower bottom flange 14 is fixedly connected with a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 . As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 6 , the bottom flange 14 of the tower can be a T-shaped flange, and a plurality of prestressed anchor cables 4 and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts 7 can be connected to the inner and outer sides of the T-shaped flange, respectively, In order to achieve a stable connection between the tower foundation and the tower 100 .

The present invention can also provide a wind power generator set, the wind power generator set includes the above-mentioned tower system.

According to the tower foundation of the utility model, the corrosion problem of the connecting parts at the connection between the tower and the foundation can be effectively avoided, and the combination of prestressed anchor cables and prestressed anchor bolts can reduce the number of anchor bolts and reduce the overall construction cost. , strong operability. In addition, since the use of anchor bolts is reduced, the weakening of the strength of the opening of the flange at the bottom of the tower is reduced, the long-term safe operation of the wind turbine is ensured, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced. In addition, the prestressed structure is safe and reliable, and the concrete is under pressure for a long time without cracking, which improves the durability of the structure.

Although the exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and deformed. However, it should be understood that, in the opinion of those skilled in the art, these modifications and variations will still fall within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A tower foundation, characterized in that the tower foundation comprises a lower foundation part (1) and an upper foundation part (5) located above the lower foundation part (1), the upper foundation part ( 5) provided with a plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and a plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) connected to the tower (100), Wherein, the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) are respectively uniformly arranged along the circumferential direction of the upper base portion (5) and coaxial with each other, wherein the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) extend in the upper base portion (5), and the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and At least one of the plurality of prestressed anchors (7) extends further into the lower base portion (1). 2. A tower foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) extend in the upper foundation part (5) and the lower foundation part (1), so said plurality of prestressed anchors (7) extend in said upper base portion (5), Wherein, the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) are installed on the lower bearing plate (2) of the prestressed anchor cables, and the lower bearing plate (2) of the prestressed anchor cables is installed on the lower foundation on the steel support system in section (1), and The lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) are arranged on a lower anchor plate (6), which is mounted on the reinforcement bars located in the upper base part (5). 3. The tower foundation according to claim 2, characterized in that, When the height of the upper foundation part (5) is greater than 3m, the length of each of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) is 1/3 to 1/3 of the height of the upper foundation part (5). 2; When the height of the upper foundation part (5) is less than or equal to 3m, each of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) extends to the lower foundation part (1) for a length of at least the lower foundation part (1) 2/3 of the height. 4. The tower foundation according to claim 1, characterized in that the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) are respectively located in the upper foundation part (5) and said lower base part (1) extending in both, Wherein, the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) are installed on the lower bearing plate (2) of the prestressed anchor cables, and the lower ends of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) are installed on the lower anchor plate (6) superior, The prestressed anchor cable lower bearing plate (2) and the lower anchor plate (6) are integrally formed and mounted on a steel support system located in the lower base part (1). 5. The tower foundation according to claim 4, characterized in that both the lower foundation part (1) and the upper foundation part (5) are hollow foundations. 6 . The tower foundation according to claim 1 , wherein the plurality of prestressed anchor cables ( 4 ) and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts ( 7 ) are each provided with a circle, and the plurality of The prestressed anchor bolts (7) are arranged outside the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4). 7. The tower foundation according to claim 2 or 4, characterized in that, the lower bearing plate (2) of the prestressed anchor cable is a steel plate with an annular shape as a whole, or comprises a plurality of Square steel plate or multiple round steel plates. 8. The tower foundation according to claim 1, wherein the number of the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) is 18-25 bundles, and the number of the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7) is 55 to 80 roots. 9. A tower system, characterized in that the tower system comprises the tower foundation according to any one of claims 1-8 and a tower (100) located thereon, the tower (100) The lower end of 100) is provided with a tower bottom flange (14), and the tower bottom flange (14) is connected with the plurality of prestressed anchor cables (4) and the plurality of prestressed anchor bolts (7). fixed. 10 . A wind turbine generator set, wherein the wind turbine generator set comprises the tower system of claim 9 . 11 .

Images