CN211028558U - A laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth. The equipment comprises: an ultra-short pulse laser, a laser optical path transmission system, a laser head, and a five-axis joint control numerical control device; The device includes: a base, an X-axis linear motion mechanism, a fixture for fixing the glass ceramic block, a Y-axis linear motion mechanism, a Z-axis linear motion mechanism, a Z-direction rotation mechanism and an X-direction rotation mechanism; the pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser The laser head is fixedly connected to the X-direction rotating mechanism, and the Z-direction rotating mechanism and the X-direction rotating mechanism are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole; the laser emits ultra-short pulse laser through the laser optical path transmission system, The first through hole, the second through hole and the laser head are incident on the glass ceramic block. The utility model overcomes the problems of large tool loss and high cost of tool consumables in the prior art, and can ensure the machining accuracy and improve the machining effect.

Description

A laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of making all-ceramic teeth, in particular to a laser processing device for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth.

Background technique

The production of all-ceramic teeth is a very important technical component in modern medical oral restoration, and with the advancement of materials research and the development of computer-aided design technology, glass-ceramic materials have become the main material for all-ceramic teeth. Since the shape of the teeth in each patient's mouth is different, it is necessary to customize all-ceramic teeth to meet the good occlusal relationship between the upper and lower jaws. Now the common glass ceramic cutting technology on the market is CAD/CAM CNC tool cutting technology. It is mainly composed of three parts: data acquisition, computer-aided design, and computer-aided production. The main principle is to engrave all-ceramic dental blocks through program control of removable burs on cutting equipment.

The ordinary bur turning processing method controls the rotation of the bur through the machine tool motor, and the mechanical cutting is performed in contact with the ceramic block. The cutting process is more complicated and requires coolant to cooperate with the processing; the mechanical cutting requires the use of the bur, and the bur is in contact with the glass ceramics. When the block is in contact, the surface of the bur will be worn, and the bur will be deformed to a certain extent. A single bur cannot be used for a long time and cannot process a large number of glass ceramic blocks, so new burs need to be replaced frequently. Since this technology needs to consume burs to engrave all-ceramic teeth in the processing process, and the burs are expensive and easy to wear, the technology has the problems of large tool loss and high cost of tool consumables. In addition, because the current processing of all-ceramic teeth mainly uses bur mechanical engraving and milling, there are processing errors, which affect the processing accuracy.

Therefore, the existing technology still needs to be improved and developed.

Utility model content

In view of the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, thereby overcoming the large tool loss, high cost of tool consumables and the existence of existing glass ceramic cutting technology. Machining errors and problems affecting machining accuracy.

The technical scheme of the present utility model is as follows:

The utility model provides a laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, which comprises: an ultra-short pulse laser, a laser optical path transmission system, a laser head and a five-axis joint control numerical control device;

The five-axis joint control numerical control device includes: a base, an X-axis linear motion mechanism located on the base, a fixing device slidably arranged on the X-axis linear motion mechanism for clamping and fixing the glass ceramic block, symmetrically arranged on the base. The two racks on both sides of the seat, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism fixed between the two racks, the Z-axis linear motion mechanism connected to the Y-axis linear motion mechanism and perpendicular to the Y-axis linear motion mechanism, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism arranged perpendicular to the Y-axis linear motion mechanism. The Z-axis rotation mechanism connected with the Z-axis linear motion mechanism, and the X-axis rotation mechanism connected with the Z-axis rotation mechanism;

The pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser is 400-800 fs; the maximum sliding strokes of the X-axis linear motion mechanism, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism are respectively 80-120mm, 40-60mm, 40-60mm The laser head is fixedly connected to the X-direction rotating mechanism; the Z-direction rotating mechanism and the X-direction rotating mechanism are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole for the laser to pass through;

The ultra-short pulse laser emits ultra-short pulse laser, which passes through the laser optical path transmission system, the first through hole, the second through hole, and the laser head in sequence, and then is incident on the glass-ceramic ceramic block clamped on the fixing device. to engrave.

The laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, wherein the power of the ultra-short pulse laser is 20w, the wavelength is 1064nm, and the pulse width is 500fs.

The laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, wherein the maximum sliding strokes of the X-axis linear motion mechanism, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism are 100mm, 50mm, and 50mm, respectively.

The laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, wherein the laser optical path transmission system includes a collimating mirror, a beam expander, and a galvanometer that are sequentially arranged along the laser transmission direction.

In the laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, the fixing device is an eight-claw fixing device.

The laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, wherein the X-axis linear motion mechanism includes an X-axis lead screw and an X-axis motor that drives the X-axis lead screw to move, and the Y-axis linear motion mechanism includes a Y-axis linear motion mechanism. A shaft screw and a Y-axis motor that drives the movement of the Y-axis screw, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism includes a Z-axis screw and a Z-axis motor that drives the Z-axis screw to move.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: by using the ultra-short pulse laser to engrave glass ceramics, the problems of large tool loss and high cost of tool consumables in the existing CAD/CAM cutting glass ceramics technology are overcome, and the five-axis joint control numerical control is adopted. The device controls the processing position and can process very complex processing surface shapes, ensuring processing accuracy and improving processing effects.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a partial structural schematic diagram of the laser processing equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial structural schematic diagram of another angle of the laser processing equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

3 is a schematic structural diagram of a laser optical path transmission system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the Z-direction rotating mechanism, the X-direction rotating mechanism and the laser head of the present invention.

5 is a schematic diagram of a partial laser light path of the laser processing equipment according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The utility model provides a laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth. In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and effect of the utility model clearer and clearer, the utility model is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

The laser processing equipment for engraving glass ceramics and making all-ceramic teeth according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figs. The joint control numerical control device 9; the five-axis joint control numerical control device 9 includes: a base 91, an X-axis linear motion mechanism 92 located on the base 91, and slidably arranged on the X-axis linear motion mechanism 92 for clamping and fixing the glass The fixing device 93 of the ceramic block, two racks 94 symmetrically arranged on both sides of the base 91, and a Y-axis linear motion mechanism 95 fixedly arranged between the two racks 94, connected with the Y-axis linear motion mechanism 95 The Z-axis linear motion mechanism 96 arranged perpendicular to the Y-axis linear motion mechanism 95, the Z-axis rotation mechanism 97 fixedly connected to the Z-axis linear motion mechanism 96 through the mounting plate 963, and the X-axis rotation mechanism connected with the Z-axis rotation mechanism 97 Mechanism 98; the pulse width of the ultra-short pulse laser is 400-800 fs; the maximum sliding strokes of the X-axis linear motion mechanism 92, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism 95, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism 96 are 80-120 mm, 40 mm respectively. ~60mm, 40~60mm; the laser head 8 is fixedly connected to the X-direction rotating mechanism 92; the Z-direction rotating mechanism 97 and the X-direction rotating mechanism 98 are respectively provided with a first through hole 971 and a second through hole for the laser to pass hole 983; the ultra-short pulse laser 8 emits an ultra-short pulse laser, which passes through the laser optical path transmission system, the first through hole 971, the second through hole 983, and the laser head 8 in sequence, and then enters the laser head clamped on the fixing device 93. The glass ceramic is engraved on the glass ceramic block 4 .

Further, in this embodiment, preferably, the power of the ultra-short pulse laser is 20w, the wavelength is 1064nm, and the pulse width is 500fs. The interaction between ultrafast laser and glass ceramics has high precision and fast cutting efficiency. The maximum sliding strokes of the X-axis linear motion mechanism, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism are 100 mm, 50 mm, and 50 mm, respectively. In other embodiments, the fixing device preferably adopts the existing eight-claw type fixing device, which can fix and clamp the fixed ends of the glass-ceramic blocks of different types, and adopts the eight-claw type fixing method, which is firmly fixed.

Further, as shown in FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the laser optical path transmission system includes a collimator mirror 21 , a beam expander 22 , and a galvanometer mirror 23 that are sequentially arranged along the laser transmission direction. The laser head is provided with a focusing objective lens. Specifically, referring to FIG. 3 to FIG. 5 together, the ultra-short pulse laser 1 emits the ultra-short pulse laser 11 , which passes through the collimating mirror 21 , the beam expander 22 , and the galvanometer 23 in sequence, and then passes through the first through hole 971 , After being reflected by the first reflecting mirror 972, it enters the second through hole 983, and after being reflected by the second reflecting mirror 984, it enters the focusing lens 81 in the laser head 8, and then enters the glass ceramic clamped on the fixing device 93. The glass ceramic block 4 is engraved on the block.

Further, in this embodiment, the five-axis joint control numerical control device is composed of three linear axes X/Y/Z and two rotation axes. Due to the small volume of the glass-ceramic block and the small processing area, considering that the equipment can be used to process dental bridges, the maximum movement degrees of the three linear axes of the five-axis CNC device are preferably set to 100mm, 50mm, and 50mm, respectively. Considering the vertical and horizontal grooves on the surface of the all-ceramic teeth and the need for side processing, two rotation axes are added to ensure that the laser can act on every position of the all-ceramic teeth. Specifically, referring to FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 together, the X-axis linear motion mechanism 92 includes an X-axis screw 921 and an X-axis motor 922 that drives the X-axis screw 921 to move. The Y-axis linear motion mechanism 95 The Z-axis linear motion mechanism 96 includes a Z-axis screw 961 and a Z-axis motor 962 that drives the Z-axis screw 961 to move.

Further, based on the above-mentioned laser processing equipment, the present embodiment also provides a laser processing method for engraving glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth, including:

Step S100 , clamping and fixing the glass-ceramic ceramic block by a fixing device; in specific implementation, the fixing end of the glass-ceramic ceramic block can be inserted into the glass-ceramic ceramic fixing hole, and the fixing screw can be tightened to fix the glass-ceramic ceramic block firmly.

Step S200, scan the patient's intraoral missing teeth or use a plaster model method to formulate a personalized oral denture model, then complete the three-dimensional profile scan of the patient's intraoral or extraoral gypsum model and establish an oral prosthesis consistent with the oral missing teeth Data model; in specific implementation, the 3shape mouth scanner can be used to scan the patient's missing teeth in the mouth, and the 3D shape scan of the patient's intraoral or extraoral plaster model can be completed through optical scanning and computer-aided design systems, and a 3D shape consistent with the oral cavity can be established. Dental Prosthesis Data Model.

Step S300: Control the X-axis linear motion mechanism, Y-axis linear motion mechanism, Z-axis linear motion mechanism, Z-direction rotation mechanism, and X-direction rotation mechanism of the five-axis joint control numerical control device to move respectively according to the dental restoration data model to form glass ceramics The relative movement track of the porcelain block and the laser head, and the light-emitting time of the ultra-short pulse laser is controlled according to the relative movement track, and the ultra-short pulse laser with the output pulse width of 400-800 fs is used to engrave glass ceramics to make all-ceramic teeth.

The utility model can manufacture personalized all-ceramic tooth crowns, and has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

(1) Change the problem of large bur loss in the original bur engraving and milling. The utility model is aimed at the method for manufacturing porcelain teeth by cutting zirconium dioxide ceramics. At present, the main method uses CAD/CAM cutting technology, and there is a large consumption of burs for CAD/CAM cutting equipment (usually, only about five burs can be manufactured for one bur). Porcelain crowns) and expensive burs. Therefore, there is a need to change the bur turning processing method. By changing the processing principle, the utility model completely changes the original contact bur turning processing method into a non-contact laser processing process.

(2) The five-axis CNC machine tool is used to control the processing position of the laser, which can process very complex surface shapes and ensure the processing accuracy.

(3) Improve the processing effect. Mechanical processing has the problem of large surface roughness, and bringing all-ceramic teeth into the patient's mouth will bring a bad experience.

It should be understood that the application of the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned examples. For those of ordinary skill in the art, improvements or transformations can be made according to the above descriptions. All these improvements and transformations should belong to the protection of the appended claims of the present invention. scope.

Claims (1)

1. The utility model provides a laser beam machining equipment of carving glass pottery preparation full porcelain tooth which characterized in that includes: the system comprises an ultra-short pulse laser, a laser light path transmission system, a laser head and a five-axis joint control numerical control device;

five accuse numerical control device jointly include: the glass ceramic tile fixing device comprises a base, an X-axis linear motion mechanism, a fixing device, two racks, a Y-axis linear motion mechanism, a Z-direction rotating mechanism and an X-direction rotating mechanism, wherein the X-axis linear motion mechanism is positioned on the base;

the laser head is fixedly connected with the X-direction rotating mechanism; the Z-direction rotating mechanism and the X-direction rotating mechanism are respectively provided with a first through hole and a second through hole for laser to pass through;

the ultrashort pulse laser emits ultrashort pulse laser, and the ultrashort pulse laser sequentially passes through the laser light path transmission system, the first through hole, the second through hole and the laser head and then is incident on the glass ceramic block clamped on the fixing device to engrave the glass ceramic;

the power of the ultrashort pulse laser is 20w, the wavelength is 1064nm, and the pulse width is 500 fs;

the maximum sliding strokes of the X-axis linear motion mechanism, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism are respectively 100mm, 50mm and 50 mm;

the laser light path transmission system comprises a collimating lens, a beam expanding lens and a vibrating lens which are sequentially arranged along the laser transmission direction;

the fixing device is an eight-claw type fixing device;

the X-axis linear motion mechanism comprises an X-axis lead screw and an X-axis motor for driving the X-axis lead screw to move, the Y-axis linear motion mechanism comprises a Y-axis lead screw and a Y-axis motor for driving the Y-axis lead screw to move, and the Z-axis linear motion mechanism comprises a Z-axis lead screw and a Z-axis motor for driving the Z-axis lead screw to move.

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