CN211025825U

CN211025825U - Two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor and reaction system for gas desulfurization

Info

Publication number: CN211025825U
Application number: CN201921712343.5U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢建; 贾彩清; 谢兰梅
Original assignee: CISDI Technology Research Center Co Ltd; CISDI Shanghai Engineering Co Ltd
Current assignee: CISDI Technology Research Center Co Ltd; CISDI Shanghai Engineering Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-10-09
Filing date: 2019-10-09
Publication date: 2020-07-17
Anticipated expiration: 2029-10-09

Abstract

The utility model discloses a two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor and a reaction system for gas desulfurization, which belong to the technical field of gas purification and separation.A shell of the reactor is internally provided with an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve, and two ends of the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are respectively connected with an upper end socket and a lower end socket of the reactor; a grading clapboard is arranged in the inner sleeve, so that the grading of the catalyst bed layer can be realized; the inner sleeve and the outer sleeve are composed of a plurality of perforated sections and closed sections. The gas to be purified is sent into the inner sleeve through a gas inlet of the reactor, and then flows out from a gas outlet of the reactor after sequentially passing through a primary open pore section of the inner sleeve, a catalyst adjacent to the primary open pore section of the inner sleeve, an outer open pore section at the lower part of the outer sleeve, an annular space between the outer sleeve and the shell, an outer open pore section at the lower part of the outer sleeve, a catalyst adjacent to a secondary open pore section of the inner sleeve and a secondary open pore section of the inner sleeve. Adopt the utility model discloses, can avoid radial flow reactor inside because the gaseous short-flow problem that uneven or baffle district series flow brought of feeding, also can full play catalyst adsorption performance simultaneously, improve catalyst comprehensive utilization.

Description

Two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor and reaction system for gas desulfurization

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of gas purification, separation, concretely relates to gaseous desulfurization is with doublestage removal bed radial flow reactor and reaction system.

Background

The radial flow reactor has the advantages of large flow cross section, small bed layer resistance loss, easy realization of large-scale operation and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of petroleum refining, coal chemical industry, environmental protection and the like.

Patents CN 103706307B and CN 103721643B disclose two radial flow fixed bed reactors, in which a flow guiding body is arranged in a flow dividing channel and a flow collecting channel, or in the positions of an inlet and an outlet of the reactor, so as to solve the problem of flow equalization of the radial reactors. However, the top ends of the catalyst beds of the two patents adopt closed ports, and automatic or continuous charging operation cannot be realized.

Patent CN 1140331C proposes a moving bed gas-solid radial reactor structure. The reactor comprises a shell, wherein the shell is composed of a side wall, an upper end enclosure and a bottom end enclosure, an inner net and an outer net are arranged in the shell, an annular space is formed between the inner net and the outer net, a reactant inlet and a reactant outlet are formed in the shell, a catalyst inlet pipe is arranged on the upper end enclosure, a catalyst discharge pipe is arranged on the bottom end enclosure, and the catalyst inlet pipe and the catalyst discharge pipe are connected with the annular space. The inner net is provided with a skirt at the lower part, the outer surface of the skirt is inclined from top to bottom along the direction from the inner net to the outer net, the upper edge of the skirt is connected with the inner net, and the lower edge of the skirt is connected with the inner surface of the bottom seal head. By adopting the structure, the automatic loading and unloading of the catalyst can be realized, and the dead zone for discharging and unloading the catalyst can be reduced by adopting the skirt structure. However, the solution does not disclose how to solve the problems of uniformity of gas flow, uniformity of charge and cross-flow of gas flow in the reactor. And for the catalytic adsorption type reaction, because the catalyst is not classified, the spent catalyst and the non-spent catalyst cannot be separately unloaded, so that the comprehensive utilization rate of the catalyst is low.

Patents CN 105623732B and CN 105617946B disclose a moving bed radial flow reactor, which can be filled with two catalysts with different properties, and the catalyst which is not easy to deactivate and is easy to deactivate is respectively filled in a fixed bed layer and a moving bed layer. Meanwhile, the partition plates are arranged in the catalyst fixed bed layers, the fluid feeding channel and the fluid discharging channel, so that the radial flowing direction of fluid among the feeding channel, the fixed bed layers, the moving bed layers and the discharging channel is changed, and the fluid can enter and exit the two catalyst bed layers back and forth. By adopting the structure, the filling of two catalysts with different properties is realized, and the grading of catalytic reaction is realized by changing the flow direction of fluid in the same cylinder through the partition plate, thereby simplifying a reaction system. However, the solution does not disclose how to solve the problems of uniformity of gas flow, uniformity of charge and cross-flow of gas flow in the reactor.

For some catalytic adsorption processes, the catalyst deactivation speed is high, the dosage is large, and the catalyst needs to be replaced frequently. If a conventional radial flow fixed bed is adopted, the charging is manually carried out, so that the labor intensity is high; and because the catalyst bed layer is not classified, the comprehensive utilization rate of the catalyst is low. The solutions disclosed in patents CN 105623732B and CN 105617946B realize the classification of catalyst beds, but the structure is complicated, the uniformity of gas flow in the reactor is difficult to be ensured, and the phenomenon of gas flow cross-flow is likely to occur in each partition area. For the top loading zone, the catalyst may present a convex pile where the gas flow radially passes through an uneven thickness of the catalyst bed, leading to problems of maldistribution of gas flow and short flow.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The invention aims to provide a two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor and a reaction system for gas desulfurization, which are used for solving the problem of short gas flow caused by uneven charging or series flow of a partition plate area in the radial flow reactor.

In order to achieve the above and other related objects, the present invention provides a two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization, comprising a casing which is composed of an upper end enclosure, a middle section and a lower end enclosure which are connected in sequence and is of a closed tank structure, wherein an outer sleeve and an inner sleeve which are sleeved with each other along the axial direction of the casing are arranged in the casing; a grading clapboard is arranged in the inner sleeve; the outer sleeve consists of an upper outer sealing section with the upper end connected to the upper end of the upper sealing head and a lower outer open-hole section with the lower end connected to the lower end of the lower sealing head; the inner sleeve consists of an upper inner closed section with the upper end connected to the upper end of the upper end enclosure and a lower inner open section with the lower end connected to the lower end of the lower end enclosure, and the lower inner open section is divided into a second-stage open section facing the upper end enclosure and a first-stage open section facing the lower end enclosure by a partition area closed section positioned at the grading partition plate; a catalyst is arranged between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve; a gas outlet is arranged on the upper end enclosure and in the area enclosed by the upper end enclosure and the upper inner closed section, and a catalyst charging opening is arranged in the area enclosed by the upper end enclosure, the upper inner closed section and the upper outer closed section; and the lower end enclosure is provided with a gas inlet in an area surrounded by the lower end enclosure and the lower inner open-hole section, and a catalyst discharge opening in an area surrounded by the lower end enclosure, the lower inner open-hole section and the lower outer open-hole section. By adopting the scheme, gas to be purified is sent into the inner sleeve through a gas inlet of the reactor, is diffused to the adjacent catalyst moving bed layer through the primary perforated section of the inner sleeve, is diffused into the area between the middle section of the shell and the outer sleeve through the lower catalyst between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve after primary purification, then is diffused into the upper catalyst between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve through the lower end of the outer perforated section of the lower part of the outer sleeve, enters the inner sleeve through the secondary perforated section of the inner sleeve after secondary purification, and flows out from a gas outlet of the reactor; therefore, the problem of short gas flow caused by uneven charging or series flow in the partition plate area in the radial flow reactor is avoided, the adsorption performance of the catalyst can be fully exerted, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the catalyst is improved.

Further, the gas inlet and the gas outlet are positioned on the central axis of the shell. In this way, gas is facilitated to diffuse on the gas inlet side of the sleeve in the reactor, so that the gas to be purified uniformly diffuses into the catalyst layer to implement gas desulfurization; and the purified gas is rapidly led out from the gas outlet side of the inner sleeve of the reactor.

Furthermore, the middle section of the shell, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are coaxially arranged. Thus, the catalyst layer is beneficial to loading/unloading uniformly in the area between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the adsorption performance of the catalyst in the reactor is ensured.

Furthermore, the conditions between the design height H1 of the upper inner sealing section and the design height H2 of the partition sealing section are H1>0.5 ×× tan α and H2>, wherein α is the static catalyst stacking angle for the radial thickness of the catalyst material layer, so that the problems of uneven air flow distribution caused by uneven top charge stacking, short air flow at the position of the grading partition plate and the like can be effectively avoided.

Furthermore, a support used for fixed installation is arranged on the middle section of the shell. The support is welded on the shell, and at least 3 supports are uniformly distributed around the shell, so that the reactor is convenient to mount in place, stable and reliable.

Furthermore, the partition sealing section and the grading partition plate are of an integral structure, and the partition sealing section and the inner sleeve are arranged in a sliding and sealing mode. The integral structure is processed and assembled, and is in a structure capable of sliding with the inner sleeve, under the condition that the separation area is sealed and the series flow is prevented, the capacity of the upper grading area and the lower grading area of the inner sleeve is changed through slidable adjustment, the distribution and the adjustment of the heights of the first-stage catalyst layer and the second-stage catalyst layer are realized, and the adsorption of the catalyst layers is facilitated.

Furthermore, a guide plate which surrounds the outer sleeve and spirally rises is arranged in the middle section of the shell. The guide plate is arranged, so that the gas entering the space between the middle section of the shell and the outer sleeve can be guided, and the gas is contacted with the catalyst layer from bottom to top, so that the catalyst layer on the lower part loses activity, and the catalyst exhausted from the lower part is fully inactivated and reacted.

The utility model also provides a radial flow gas desulfurization reaction system of doublestage removal bed, mainly by foretell reactor, set up the differential pressure sensor who is used for pressure differential between real-time detection gas feed and the gas outlet on the casing, set up the sulphur concentration detector who is used for real-time detection gas outlet to contain sulphur concentration on the pipeline of gas outlet, automatic feeding valve and the feeding system that set gradually outside catalyst charging opening, the automatic discharge valve and the discharge system that set gradually outside catalyst discharging opening constitute.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the utility model discloses a including sleeve and outer sleeve top all set up the sealed section of not trompil, here will not have the air current to pass through, thoroughly solved because the air current short stream problem that the uneven bringing of feeding. Similarly, the inner sleeve is provided with the grading partition plate and the partition area sealing section, so that the path of airflow which directly enters the airflow outlet collecting channel along the partition area is blocked, the airflow is forced to completely pass through the catalyst bed layer, and the gas series flow is effectively prevented.

2. The utility model discloses the air current advances upward to go out, realizes the air current through the grading baffle and turns to, has also indirectly been divided into the two-stage with the catalyst bed because of the sealed section in subregion simultaneously, and the one-level catalyst of earlier contact gas deactivates earlier, and the catalyst after the deactivation is discharged by the catalyst discharge opening, and the second grade catalyst that does not deactivate on upper portion simultaneously falls down automatically, has realized the make full use of catalyst.

3. The utility model provides a current reactor loading and unloading material artifical intensity of labour big, can't realize the online operation and have higher requirement scheduling problem to loading bed of material roughness, realize full-automatic, totally enclosed, the online loading and unloading material operation of catalyst, eliminate simultaneously because the catalyst loads the uneven problem that leads to of uneven air current distribution inhomogeneous and short stream.

4. The utility model provides a current radial flow reactor can't change the inactivation catalyst in advance, the problem that catalyst comprehensive utilization is low. The catalyst is replaced in a grading way, and the performance of the catalyst is exerted to the utmost extent.

5. The utility model discloses effectively solve current multistage moving bed radial flow reactor air current distribution inequality to and the easy scheduling problem that streams of catalyst bed in situ air current.

Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention may be realized and attained by the means of the instrumentalities and/or combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

Drawings

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic flow diagram of a gas desulfurization system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

reference numerals: the gas outlet device comprises a gas inlet 1, a gas outlet 2, a shell 3, an upper sealing head 3.1, a lower sealing head 3.2, a middle section 3.3, an outer sleeve 4, an upper outer sealing section 4.1 and a lower perforated section 4.2; the device comprises an inner sleeve 5, an upper inner closed section 5.1, a secondary open-pore section 5.2, a partition closed section 5.3, a primary open-pore section 5.4, a grading partition plate 6, a catalyst 7, a support 8, a catalyst discharge opening 9, a catalyst charging opening 10, a differential pressure detector 11, a sulfur concentration detector 12, an automatic discharge valve 13, an automatic charging valve 14, a discharge system 15 and a feeding system 16.

Detailed Description

The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided for illustrative purposes, and other advantages and effects of the present invention will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein. The present invention can also be implemented or applied through other different specific embodiments, and various details in the present specification can be modified or changed based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be noted that the drawings provided in the following embodiments are only for illustrating the basic idea of the present invention, and the features in the following embodiments and examples may be combined with each other without conflict.

As shown in fig. 1, the two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization in the present embodiment specifically includes: a gas inlet 1, a gas outlet 2 and a housing 3. The shell 3 is divided into an upper end enclosure 3.1, a lower end enclosure 3.2 and a middle section 3.3. The gas inlet and the gas outlet are positioned on the central axis of the shell, and the gas is facilitated to diffuse on the gas inlet side of the sleeve of the reactor, so that the gas to be purified is uniformly diffused into the catalyst layer to implement gas desulfurization; and the purified gas is rapidly led out from the gas outlet side of the inner sleeve of the reactor. The outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 5 are arranged in the shell and are coaxially arranged with the shell 3, so that the catalyst layer can be filled/discharged uniformly in the region between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve, and the adsorption performance of the catalyst in the reactor is ensured. The upper ends of the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 5 are connected with the upper end socket 3.1, and the lower ends of the outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 5 are connected with the lower end socket 3.2. The outer sleeve 4 and the inner sleeve 5 form an annular space which is filled with a catalyst 7. The upper end enclosure 3.1 is provided with a catalyst charging opening 10, the lower end enclosure 3.2 is provided with a catalyst discharging opening 9, and the catalyst charging opening 10 and the catalyst discharging opening 9 are just connected with the annular space. The inner sleeve 5 is internally provided with a grading baffle 6 which divides the inner sleeve 5 into two stages. The inner sleeve 5 is divided into four sections from top to bottom, namely an upper inner closed section 5.1, a secondary open-pore section 5.2, a partition closed section 5.3 and a primary open-pore section 5.4. The outer sleeve 4 is divided into two sections from top to bottom, namely an upper outer sealing section 4.1 and a lower outer open-hole section 4.2. The upper outer sealing section 4.1 corresponds to the upper inner sealing section 5.1. The compartment closure section 5.3 is arranged at the classifying screen 6. By adopting the scheme, gas to be purified is sent into the inner sleeve through a gas inlet of the reactor, is diffused to the adjacent catalyst moving bed layer through the primary perforated section of the inner sleeve, is diffused into the area between the middle section of the shell and the outer sleeve through the lower catalyst between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve after primary purification, then is diffused into the upper catalyst between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve through the lower end of the outer perforated section of the lower part of the outer sleeve, enters the inner sleeve through the secondary perforated section of the inner sleeve after secondary purification, and flows out from a gas outlet of the reactor; therefore, the problem of short gas flow caused by uneven charging or series flow in the partition plate area in the radial flow reactor is avoided, the adsorption performance of the catalyst can be fully exerted, and the comprehensive utilization rate of the catalyst is improved.

The height H1 of the inner sleeve upper inner sealed section 5.1 and the height H2 of the inner sleeve partition sealed section 5.3 in the embodiment respectively satisfy the following conditions of H1>0.5 ×× tan α and H2>, wherein the radial thickness of the catalyst material layer is α the static stacking angle of the catalyst, and the adsorption capacity of the catalyst is matched under the condition of effectively avoiding gas from flowing in series in the reactor.

The middle section 3.3 in this embodiment is provided with a support 8 for fixed mounting. The support is welded on the shell 3, and at least 3 support supports are uniformly distributed around the shell, so that the reactor is convenient to mount in place, stable and reliable.

In another embodiment the compartment closure section 5.3 is of unitary construction with the classifying partition 6 and is slidably sealingly arranged with the inner sleeve. The integral structure is processed and assembled, and is in a structure capable of sliding with the inner sleeve, under the condition that the separation area is sealed and the series flow is prevented, the capacity of the upper grading area and the lower grading area of the inner sleeve is changed through slidable adjustment, the distribution and the adjustment of the heights of the first-stage catalyst layer and the second-stage catalyst layer are realized, and the adsorption of the catalyst layers is facilitated.

In another embodiment, a deflector (not shown) is disposed in the middle section of the housing surrounding the outer sleeve and spiraling upward. The guide plate is arranged, so that the gas entering the space between the middle section of the shell and the outer sleeve can be guided, and the gas is contacted with the catalyst layer from bottom to top, so that the catalyst layer on the lower part loses activity, and the catalyst exhausted from the lower part is fully inactivated and reacted.

As shown in fig. 2, is a schematic flow chart of the system for applying the reactor to gas desulfurization according to the present invention. The system mainly comprises the reactor, a differential pressure sensor 11 arranged on the shell 3 and used for detecting the differential pressure between the gas inlet 1 and the gas outlet 2 in real time, a sulfur concentration detector 12 arranged on the pipeline of the gas outlet 2 and used for detecting the sulfur concentration of the gas outlet 2 in real time, an automatic charging valve 14 and a feeding system 16 which are sequentially arranged outside the catalyst charging opening 10, and an automatic discharging valve 13 and a discharging system 15 which are sequentially arranged outside the catalyst discharging opening 9. The gas desulfurization reaction process based on the system comprises the following steps: feeding the gas to be purified into the inner sleeve through a gas inlet of the reactor, and flowing out from a gas outlet of the reactor after sequentially passing through a primary open pore section of the inner sleeve, a catalyst adjacent to the primary open pore section of the inner sleeve, an outer open pore section at the lower part of the outer sleeve, an annular space between the outer sleeve and the shell, an outer open pore section at the lower part of the outer sleeve, a catalyst adjacent to a secondary open pore section of the inner sleeve and a secondary open pore section of the inner sleeve; when the sulfur concentration detector detects that the sulfur concentration of the gas outlet is higher than a set value or the pressure difference detector detects that the pressure difference between the gas inlet and the gas outlet is higher than the set value, the automatic discharge valve and the automatic charging valve are opened; the active catalyst is automatically loaded into the upper part of the reactor through a catalyst loading port, and the deactivated catalyst at the lower part of the reactor is automatically discharged through a catalyst discharging port; when the sulfur concentration detector detects that the sulfur concentration of the gas outlet is not higher than a set value and the pressure difference detector detects that the pressure difference between the gas inlet and the gas outlet is not higher than the set value, closing the automatic discharge valve and the automatic charging valve; and stopping loading and unloading the catalyst.

The system process achieves the purpose of reducing the pressure drop of a catalyst bed layer and improving the desulfurization efficiency of the catalyst bed layer through partial replacement of the catalyst. The whole catalyst loading and unloading process can realize on-line operation, the reactor does not need to be stopped, manual operation is not needed, and the method is safe and reliable.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious that those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. A two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization comprises a shell (3) which is composed of an upper end enclosure (3.1), a middle section (3.3) and a lower end enclosure (3.2) which are connected in sequence and is of a closed tank structure, and is characterized in that an outer sleeve (4) and an inner sleeve (5) which are sleeved with each other along the axial direction of the shell are arranged in the shell; a grading clapboard (6) is arranged in the inner sleeve; the outer sleeve consists of an upper outer sealing section (4.1) with the upper end connected with the upper end of the upper seal head and a lower outer open-hole section (4.2) with the lower end connected with the lower end of the lower seal head; the inner sleeve consists of an upper inner closed section (5.1) with the upper end connected to the upper end enclosure and a lower inner open section with the lower end connected to the lower end enclosure, and the lower inner open section is divided into a second-stage open section (5.2) facing the upper end enclosure and a first-stage open section (5.4) facing the lower end enclosure by a partition area closed section (5.3) positioned at the grading partition plate; a catalyst (7) is arranged between the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve; a gas outlet (2) is arranged on the upper end enclosure and in the area enclosed by the upper end enclosure and the upper inner closed section, and a catalyst charging port (10) is arranged in the area enclosed by the upper end enclosure, the upper inner closed section and the upper outer closed section; and the lower end enclosure is provided with a gas inlet (1) in an area surrounded by the lower end enclosure and the lower inner open-hole section, and a catalyst discharge opening (9) in an area surrounded by the lower end enclosure, the lower inner open-hole section and the lower outer open-hole section.

2. The two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, wherein the gas inlet and the gas outlet are located on the central axis of the housing.

3. The dual-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, wherein the middle section of the housing, the outer sleeve and the inner sleeve are coaxially disposed.

4. The dual-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that the design height H1 of the upper inner closed section and the design height H2 of the partitioned closed section satisfy the condition:

H1>0.5××tanα，H2>；

where catalyst layer radial thickness is used and α is the static catalyst bank angle.

5. The two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, characterized in that a support (8) for fixed mounting is provided on the middle section of the housing.

6. The dual-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, wherein the partitioned closed section and the classifying partition are of an integral structure, and the partitioned closed section and the inner sleeve are slidably and hermetically arranged.

7. The two-stage moving bed radial flow reactor for gas desulfurization according to claim 1, wherein a baffle plate that spirally rises around the outer sleeve is provided in the middle section of the housing.

8. A two-stage moving bed radial flow reaction system for gas desulfurization, which is characterized by mainly comprising the reactor as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 7, a differential pressure sensor (11) arranged on the shell for detecting the differential pressure between the gas inlet and the gas outlet in real time, a sulfur concentration detector (12) arranged on the pipeline of the gas outlet for detecting the sulfur concentration of the gas outlet in real time, an automatic charging valve (14) and a feeding system (16) arranged outside the catalyst charging port in sequence, and an automatic discharging valve (13) and a discharging system (15) arranged outside the catalyst discharging port in sequence.