CN210944635U - Counterweight lifting energy-saving system of crane - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a hoisting energy-saving system for a counterweight of a crane, which comprises a hoisting mechanism and a counterweight energy-saving mechanism. The counterweight energy-saving mechanism comprises a counterweight (5) and a counterweight for transmitting the potential energy of the counterweight (5). A steel wire rope, the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting wire rope for transmitting potential energy of a spreader, and the counterweight lifting energy-saving system further comprises a reduction box (2) and a balance drum (3) for winding the counterweight wire rope, The balance drum (3) is connected with the lifting mechanism through the reduction box (2), and the balance weight (5) is also connected with a balance weight protection module that restricts its movement in the vertical direction. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of obvious energy saving effect, simple structure, high safety, high guiding precision, stable high-speed operation and the like.

Description

Energy-saving system for counterweight lifting of cranes

technical field

The utility model relates to a lifting operation technology of a crane, in particular to a lifting energy-saving system of a counterweight of a crane.

Background technique

The energy-saving design of hoisting machinery is a concentrated expression of the current international level of heavy equipment design and manufacturing, representing the level of industrialization of a country, and building an energy-saving society is also an urgent task in my country's macroeconomic operation. As an important material handling equipment , The quality of the energy consumption characteristics of the crane directly affects the economy of the equipment.

The existing technology mostly adopts the energy-saving operation mode of the balance weight, which adds a set of balance weight system on the basis of the existing field bridge, and uses the law of energy conservation and transformation to convert the potential energy of the spreader and the potential energy of the balance weight into each other. , offset the dead weight of the spreader so that the dead weight of the spreader mechanism no longer consumes additional energy, so as to reduce the overall energy consumption of the crane and achieve the purpose of energy saving. The main working parts of the counterweight system are counterweight, counterweight drum, pulley, lifting Lift drums and wire ropes, etc. However, the existing counterweight energy saving method applied to the crane system has the following defects: the hoisting drum used for hoisting the spreader and the counterweight drum for pulling the counterweight use different driving devices for driving compensation, which increases the crane's capacity. Cost and wiring complexity.

The prior art also proposes some solutions. Chinese patent CN2458271 proposes a counterweight type balance torque energy-saving device for a crane. The end of the main hoisting drum in the crane is connected with the counterweight drum directly or through a transmission mechanism, and the counterweight drum is connected to the counterweight drum through a wire rope and a pulley structure. When the counterweight blocks are connected, and the main hoisting drum is directly connected with the counterweight drum without the use of a transmission mechanism, the counterweight block is provided with a pulley deceleration structure to shorten its stroke. The device simplifies the mechanism and shortens the stroke of the counterweight by sharing a driving device between the main hoisting drum end and the counterweight drum. The defects of this patent mainly include the following three points:

1. The counterweight is not guided, it is only suspended in the air by the wire rope, and it will swing. The container crane is a device that has to move on the dock all the time. Without guidance, the counterweight will swing freely in the air when the crane is operating. This is very Dangerous, the breeding block weighing dozens of tons will have a lot of energy when it swings. If it hits the adjacent machine or falls off the wire rope suspension when it swings, it will cause a serious accident if it hits the ground. casualties.

2. There is a problem with the winding of the wire rope, which is impossible to achieve, the pulley declination is too large, and the service life of the wire rope is short.

3. Directly use the initial gear connection or chain drive, without using a special gear box, the running clearance is large, easily affected by dust, the transmission speed ratio is not accurate, there will be a synchronization problem, the gear lubrication is not good, there will be early damage, Especially after the high speed, there will be a great impact, and even the damage of the mechanism will occur.

Chinese patent CN108373117B proposes an energy-saving hoisting mechanism for a container crane, including a hoisting drum set, a hoisting motor, a hoisting reducer, a disc brake, a rotating energy storage device, a coupling, a brake disc coupling Shaft, the output shaft of the hoisting motor is linked with the high-speed shaft of the hoisting reducer through the coupling, and the low-speed shafts at both ends of the hoisting reducer are coaxially connected with the hoisting drum group and the rotating energy storage device. The high-speed shaft at the other end of the reducer is connected with the disc brake through the brake disc coupling. This patent can store and release the energy during the descending and ascending process of the container spreader by rotating the energy storage device, so that the container spreader can be lifted during the rising process. It helps the motor to do work and reduces the power of the hoisting motor. It runs smoothly and has a stable structure.

However, compared with the method of offsetting the torque of the spreader by using the counterweight, the structure of the rotating energy storage device used in this mechanism is relatively complex, and the cost of manufacture and maintenance increases. The energy storage efficiency of the rotating energy storage device is not high. The device converts the potential energy when the lifting weight is lowered into mechanical energy and stores it. When the lifting weight is lifted, the rotating energy storage device releases the mechanical energy, and the auxiliary lifting mechanism lifts the heavy object. The efficiency of this energy storage device is not high, and with the increase of the number of uses, the energy storage capacity of the mechanical device will decrease, and it is greatly affected by the mechanical efficiency in the process of converting potential energy into mechanical energy, and the effect of energy saving is also very high. limited.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a counterweight lifting energy-saving system for a crane in order to overcome the above-mentioned defects of the prior art.

The purpose of the present utility model can be achieved through the following technical solutions:

A counterweight lifting energy-saving system of a crane, comprising a hoisting mechanism and a counterweight energy-saving mechanism, the counterweight energy-saving mechanism comprising a counterweight and a counterweight wire rope for transmitting the potential energy of the counterweight, the hoisting mechanism comprising a counterweight for The hoisting wire rope that transmits the potential energy of the spreader, the counterweight lifting energy-saving system further comprises a reduction box and a balance drum for winding the balance weight wire rope, and the balance drum is connected to the hoisting mechanism through the reduction box.

The balance weight wire rope is wound on the balance drum, the balance drum is connected with the hoisting mechanism through the reduction box, and the torque generated by the balance weight is used to connect to the hoisting mechanism through the reduction box, so as to offset the load of the spreader and the spreader. The positive torque generated by the dead weight makes the hoisting mechanism consume power only for lifting the goods in the container, so that the spreader, the spreader rack and the dead weight of the empty container no longer consume additional energy, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the quay crane.

The gearbox is used to transmit torque, which can not only control the transmission speed ratio accurately, but also ensure the synchronization of the rotation speed.

Further, the system further includes a driving mechanism, the driving mechanism is provided with a hoisting mechanism symmetrically on both sides, and a counterweight energy saving mechanism connected with the hoisting mechanism.

Further, the hoisting mechanism also includes a hoisting drum, the hoisting drum is driven by a driving mechanism, one end of the hoisting wire rope is connected to a sling, and the other end is wound on the hoisting drum, the hoisting The reel is connected to the balance reel through the reduction box;

By sharing a hoisting drum for the balancing wire rope and the hoisting wire rope, the setting of the driving drum specially for driving the balancing wire rope is omitted, the structure is simplified, the cost is reduced, and the rope winding becomes simple and easy to realize.

In the balance weight energy-saving mechanism, one end of the balance weight wire rope is connected with the balance weight, and the other end is wound on the balance drum.

Further, the balance weight is also connected with a balance weight protection module that restricts its movement in the vertical direction, the balance weight protection module includes a guide frame, a guide rail vertically arranged on the inner side of the guide frame, and a balance weight fixedly installed on the balance weight. The guide wheel on the guide wheel is matched with the guide rail.

The balance weight protection module ensures that the balance weight energy-saving structure always runs smoothly when the crane is running at high speed.

Further, the guide wheel is a guide wheel that provides constraints in two directions of the plane, and an oil and gas damper is arranged on the guide wheel, so that the balance weight runs smoothly.

Further, symmetrical guide rails are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the inner side of the guide frame, and a plurality of guide wheels are arranged on the outer side of the balance weight, and each guide wheel is placed on the guide rail.

Further, the number of the balance weight is one or two.

Further, the balance weight energy-saving mechanism also includes a reversing pulley set, the reversing pulley set includes a first pulley and a second pulley, the first pulley is located directly above the balance weight, and the balance weight wire rope wound on the balance drum. After connecting the second pulley and the first pulley in sequence, the balance weight is connected. The first pulley is provided with an oil and gas compensation component, that is, a spring and a damping element, which can compensate for vibration displacement and realize the stability of the balance weight system under high-speed operation. .

Further, two sides of the driving mechanism are also symmetrically provided with idlers, and the hoisting wire rope drawn from the hoisting drum is horizontally supported by the idlers, and then connected to the hoisting tool.

Further, there are one or two driving mechanisms.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) The hoisting drum of the present invention is connected with the balancing drum through the gear box, so that the hoisting drum and the balancing drum share one driving mechanism, and there is no need to increase the driving device to drive the balancing drum, which greatly simplifies the mechanism and the balance drum. The complexity of the rope winding saves the manufacturing cost, and the reduction box shortens the stroke of the balance weight wire rope, reduces the movement range of the balance weight, and makes the crane operation process safer.

(2) The hoisting drum of the present utility model is connected with the balance drum through the reduction box, and the torque generated by the balance weight is transmitted to the hoist drum through the balance weight wire rope, the balance drum and the reduction box in turn, which offsets the spreader, the hoisting device and the hoisting drum. The positive torque generated by the self-weight of the rack makes the spreader, the rack of the spreader and the dead weight of the empty box no longer consume additional energy, thereby reducing the energy consumption of the crane, the structure is simple, the cost is saved, and there is no need for indirect energy storage. Therefore, there is no loss of mechanical efficiency during energy conversion, and the energy saving effect is significant.

(3) The utility model shares a hoisting drum with the balancing wire rope and the hoisting wire rope, which saves the setting of the driving drum for driving the balancing wire rope, simplifies the structure, reduces the cost, and makes the rope winding easier. easy to accomplish.

(4) The utility model is provided with a balance weight protection module including a guide wheel, a guide rail and a guide frame. The guide wheel and the guide rail restrict the balance weight to slide up and down in the guide frame, thereby avoiding the shaking of the balance weight.

(5) The utility model is provided with oil and gas dampers and oil and gas compensation components for shock absorption on the guide wheel and the first pulley respectively, which further ensures the smooth operation of the counterweight and improves the safety of the crane operation.

(6) The utility model can be provided with two driving mechanisms to improve the load capacity of the counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the utility model crane.

(7) The utility model can be equipped with two counterweights at the same time, and both can be protected by the counterweight protection module, which can balance heavier spreaders, effectively improving the scope of application of the counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the present utility model. .

(8) The balance weight wire rope and the hoisting wire rope of the utility model are reasonably arranged, and the deflection pulley set can control the deflection angle of the pulley within the standard range, and the service life of the wire rope is longer.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the energy-saving system of counterweight lifting of the utility model crane;

Fig. 2 is the front view of the utility model balance weight guide frame;

Fig. 3 is the left side view of the utility model balance weight guide frame;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the utility model balance weight guide frame;

5 is an enlarged view of the oil and gas compensation component of the present invention;

6 is a schematic structural diagram of a counterweight lifting energy-saving system of a crane according to Embodiment 2 of the present utility model;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a counterweight lifting energy-saving system of a crane according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention;

8 is a front view of a counterweight guide frame in Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

9 is a main top view of a counterweight guide frame in Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

Fig. 10 is the left side view of the balancing weight guide frame of Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

11 is a left top view of a counterweight guide frame in Embodiment 3 of the present utility model;

12 is a schematic structural diagram of a counterweight lifting energy-saving system of a crane according to Embodiment 4 of the present utility model;

13 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the energy-saving hoisting system of the crane with double hoisting mechanisms according to Embodiment 5 of the present invention;

14 is a schematic diagram of the layout of the energy-saving hoisting system of the crane with double hoisting mechanisms according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The present utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. This embodiment is implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and provides a detailed implementation manner and a specific operation process, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments.

Example 1

This embodiment is an energy-saving system for hoisting a counterweight of a crane. The system is provided with a counterweight protection module, which restricts the counterweight from sliding in the vertical direction, avoids the shaking of the counterweight, and simplifies the complexity of the mechanism and rope winding. The speed reduction box is connected with the balance drum, and the torque generated by the balance weight offsets the torque generated by the self-weight of the spreader, so that the self-weight of the spreader does not consume additional energy. , low operating cost and so on.

As shown in FIG. 1 , this embodiment is a balance weight lifting energy-saving system of a crane, including a hoisting mechanism and a balance weight energy-saving mechanism. The balance weight energy-saving mechanism includes a balance weight 5 and a balance for transmitting the potential energy of the balance weight 5 Heavy steel wire rope, the hoisting mechanism includes a hoisting wire rope for transmitting the potential energy of the spreader, and the energy-saving system for hoisting of the counterweight also includes two reduction boxes 2 and two balance drums 3 for winding the balance weight wire rope, each balance The drum 3 is connected to a hoisting mechanism through a reduction box 2. The system also includes a driving mechanism 8. The driving mechanism 8 is symmetrically provided with a hoisting mechanism and a counterweight energy-saving mechanism connected to the hoisting mechanism. The hoisting mechanism And the number of the balance weight energy saving mechanism is two.

The hoisting mechanism, the balance weight energy-saving mechanism and the driving mechanism 8 are described in detail below:

1. Lifting mechanism

The hoisting mechanism also includes a hoisting drum 1. The hoisting drum 1 is driven by the driving mechanism 8. One end of the hoisting wire rope is connected to the spreader, and the other end is wound on the hoisting drum 1. The hoisting drum 1 passes through the reduction box. 2 Connect the balance drum 3. In this embodiment, the driving mechanism 8 is a driving motor.

2. Balance weight energy saving mechanism

In the balance weight energy saving mechanism, one end of the balance weight wire rope is connected to the balance weight 5, and the other end is wound on the balance drum 3.

The balance weight 5 is also connected with a balance weight protection module that restricts its movement in the vertical direction. The balance weight protection module includes a guide frame 10, a guide rail 7 vertically arranged on the inner side of the guide frame 10, and a guide rail 7 fixedly mounted on the balance weight 5. Guide wheel 6, the guide wheel 6 is matched with the guide rail 7.

As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , in this embodiment, the balance weight protection module includes four guide wheels 6 , two guide rails 7 and a guide frame 10 , and two guide wheels 6 are respectively provided on two opposite sides of the balance weight 5 . , the two guide wheels 6 on the same side of the counterweight are arranged symmetrically up and down based on the side. The two guide rails 7 are respectively disposed on the inner side of two opposite sides of the guide frame 10 , and the guide wheel 6 is slidably connected to the guide rail 7 , so that the counterweight 5 slides up and down in the guide frame 10 along the guide rail 7 through the guide wheel 6 . Oil and gas dampers are arranged on the four guide wheels 6 to make the balance weight run smoothly. The four guide wheels 6 are all guide wheels that provide constraints in two directions of the plane.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the guide wheel 6 includes a first orientation roller 601 , a second orientation roller 602 and a third orientation roller 603 , the central axes of the first orientation roller 601 and the second orientation roller 602 and the third orientation roller 603 The central shafts of the guide rollers are respectively fixedly connected to the guide roller brackets 604 , and the guide roller brackets 604 are fixedly connected to the balance weight 5 .

The guide rail 7 is I-shaped, and the guide rail 7 includes a first beam 701, a connecting section 702 and a second beam 703. The second beam 703 is fixedly connected to the guide frame 10, and the connecting section 702 connects the first beam 701 and the second beam 703 respectively.

The three surfaces of the first beam 701 are respectively provided with tracks for the first directional roller 601, the second directional roller 602 and the third directional roller 603 to move, wherein the first directional roller 601 and the second directional roller 602 are respectively located in the The rails on both sides of a beam 701 are used to restrain the swaying of the balance weight 5 in the left and right directions.

The balance drum 3 is connected with a diverting pulley set, the diverting pulley set includes a first pulley 4 and a second pulley 11 , and the first pulley 4 is located directly above the balance weight 5 .

As shown in Fig. 5, the pulley seat of the first pulley 4 is provided with an oil and gas compensation component, and a spring and a damping element are used to compensate the vibration displacement, so that the balance weight wire rope runs smoothly.

3. Drive mechanism 8

An idler 9 is symmetrically arranged on both sides of the casing of the drive mechanism 8, and the hoisting wire rope drawn from the hoisting drum 1 is horizontally supported by the idler 9, and then connected to the hanger.

Example 2

As shown in FIG. 6 , the present embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, except that the number of the driving mechanisms 8 is two. The two driving mechanisms 8 are connected to each other, so that the two driving mechanisms are on the same horizontal plane, and each driving mechanism 8 drives a hoisting drum 1 respectively, and the rest are the same as in Embodiment 1.

Example 3

As shown in FIGS. 7 to 11 , this embodiment is basically the same as Embodiment 1, the difference is that the number of counterweights 5 is two, the two counterweights 5 are arranged in the same counterweight protection module, and the counterweight wire ropes are divided into two parts. It consists of two sections, and each section is connected with a balance weight 5 and a balance drum 3 respectively.

The two opposite sides of the guide frame 10 of the balance weight protection module are vertically provided with two guide rails 7, and there are four guide rails 7 in total. 10 Two guide rails 7 on opposite sides are matched with four guide wheels 7 on a balance weight 5, so that each balance weight 5 can move up and down along the corresponding guide rail.

Example 4

As shown in FIG. 12 , the present embodiment is substantially the same as the third embodiment, except that the number of the driving mechanisms 8 is two. The two drive mechanisms 8 are connected to each other so that the two drive mechanisms are on the same level.

Example 5

As shown in FIG. 13 , this embodiment is an energy-saving hoisting system for a crane with double hoisting mechanisms, including a first hoisting mechanism 11 , a first set of balancing weight energy-saving systems 12 for hoisting mechanisms, a second hoisting mechanism 21 , The second set of counterweight energy-saving systems 22 for hoisting mechanisms, wherein a hoisting mechanism cooperates with the counterweight energy-saving system of the first set of hoisting mechanisms (the structure is the same as that of the counterweight hoisting energy-saving system described in Embodiment 1) for hoisting the first hoisting mechanism. A spreader.

The second hoisting mechanism cooperates with the counterweight energy-saving system of the second set of hoisting mechanisms (the structure is the same as that of the counterweight hoisting energy-saving system described in Embodiment 2) for hoisting the second spreader.

Example 6

As shown in FIG. 14 , an energy-saving hoisting system for a crane with double hoisting mechanisms includes a third hoisting mechanism 31 and its matching counterweight energy-saving system 32 (the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 3), and a fourth hoisting mechanism 41 and its supporting balance weight energy saving system 42 (the structure is the same as that of Embodiment 4).

Example 7

An energy-saving hoisting system for a crane with double hoisting mechanisms, including two sets of the same hoisting mechanism and a matching counterweight energy-saving system (that is, using two sets of counterweight lifting energy-saving systems as described in Figure 1 or Figure 6 ) ) to lift the same spreader or different spreaders together.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present invention without creative efforts. Therefore, any technical solutions that can be obtained by those skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments on the basis of the prior art according to the concept of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims. .

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a balanced heavy energy-saving system that rises of hoist, includes hoisting mechanism and balanced heavy energy-saving mechanism, balanced heavy energy-saving mechanism includes balanced heavy (5) and is used for transmitting balanced heavy wire rope of balanced heavy (5) potential energy, a serial communication port, hoisting mechanism is including being used for transmitting the hoist potential energy lifting wire rope, balanced heavy energy-saving system that rises still includes reducing gear box (2) and supplies balanced winding drum (3) of balanced heavy wire rope winding, balanced winding drum (3) are passed through hoisting mechanism is connected in reducing gear box (2).

2. The counterweight energy-saving system for the crane according to claim 1, further comprising a driving mechanism (8), wherein the lifting mechanism and the counterweight energy-saving mechanism connected with the lifting mechanism are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the driving mechanism (8).

3. The counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the crane according to claim 2, wherein the lifting mechanism further comprises a lifting reel (1), the lifting reel (1) is driven by a driving mechanism (8), one end of the lifting steel wire rope is connected with a lifting appliance, the other end of the lifting steel wire rope is wound on the lifting reel (1), and the lifting reel (1) is connected with the balance reel (3) through a reduction box (2);

the balancing weight energy-saving mechanism is characterized in that one end of a balancing weight steel wire rope is connected with a balancing weight (5), and the other end of the balancing weight steel wire rope is wound on a balancing winding drum (3).

4. The counterweight energy-saving system for the crane is characterized in that a counterweight protection module for limiting the counterweight (5) to move in the vertical direction is further connected to the counterweight (5), the counterweight protection module comprises a guide frame (10), a guide rail (7) vertically arranged on the inner side of the guide frame (10) and a guide wheel (6) fixedly installed on the counterweight (5), and the guide wheel (6) is matched with the guide rail (7).

5. The counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the crane as claimed in claim 4, wherein the guide wheel (6) is a guide wheel providing plane two-way constraint, and the guide wheel (6) is provided with an oil-gas damper.

6. The counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the crane according to claim 4, wherein symmetrical guide rails (7) are arranged on two opposite surfaces of the inner side of the guide frame (10), a plurality of guide wheels (6) are arranged on the outer side of the counterweight (5), and each guide wheel (6) is arranged on the guide rail (7).

7. Counterweight energy-saving system for cranes, according to claim 4, characterized in that the number of said counterweights (5) is one or two.

8. The counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the crane according to claim 1, wherein the counterweight energy-saving mechanism further comprises a direction-changing pulley block, the direction-changing pulley block comprises a first pulley (4) and a second pulley (11), the first pulley (4) is located right above the counterweight (5), a counterweight steel wire rope wound on the counterweight drum (3) is sequentially connected with the second pulley (11) and the first pulley (4) and then connected into the counterweight (5), and an oil-gas compensation assembly is arranged on the first pulley (4).

9. The counterweight lifting energy-saving system of the crane according to claim 3, wherein the two sides of the driving mechanism (8) are symmetrically provided with carrier rollers (9), and a lifting steel wire rope led out from the lifting drum (1) is horizontally supported by the carrier rollers (9) and then connected with a lifting appliance.

10. Counterweight energy-saving system for cranes according to claim 3, characterized in that the number of said driving mechanisms (8) is one or two.

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