CN210907934U - Hand riveter - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of hand riveter, including the total complete set, cartridge assembly, tie rod, screw shaft and polyrhizal open and shut the pole, the front end of the tie rod connects with said cartridge assembly, the screw shaft is installed in the rear end of the total complete set, there is the first spring in the assembly cover, there are female screws in the terminal inboard of the open and shut pole; the method is characterized in that: the pull rod is sleeved with an inner sliding sleeve capable of axially sliding relative to the pull rod, the pull rod is provided with a blocking part for limiting the backward movement of the inner sliding sleeve, the pull rod is further sleeved with a second spring, and the front end of each opening and closing rod is connected to the inner sliding sleeve; the assembly sleeve is provided with a locking structure for meshing the internal thread at the tail end of the opening and closing rod with the external thread on the screw shaft. In the rivet pulling process, if the screw shaft rotates reversely, the opening and closing rod and the inner sliding sleeve are driven to overcome the elastic force of the second spring to move forwards together, at the moment, buffering is formed, and when the opening and closing rod moves forwards to be disengaged from the screw shaft, the screw shaft idles, so that the effect of preventing the squeeze riveter from exploding is achieved.

Description

Hand riveter

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hand riveter.

Background

The self-plugging rivet consists of a rivet body and a rivet core. The rivet is a rivet for single-side riveting, and needs to be riveted by using a special tool rivet pulling gun (manual, electric or pneumatic). During riveting, the rivet gun tightens the rivet core to squeeze the back side rivet body and press the plate surface to expand the back side rivet body, so that the function of riveting plates is achieved. The rivet is particularly suitable for riveting occasions where common rivets (which need to be riveted from two sides) are inconvenient to adopt, and is widely applied to products such as buildings, automobiles, ships, airplanes, electrical appliances, furniture and the like. When the blind rivet is riveted by using the hand riveter, the riveting work can be completed only by single-side construction, the construction and the operation are very convenient and quick, the workpiece can not be damaged, and the blind rivet is suitable for the construction of parts which can not be reached by hands or top irons. The principle of rivet joint is that the rivet body penetrates through the riveted plate, the head of the rivet body is forced to expand by the tension of the rivet core to form a flange shape, and the material is riveted. The hand riveter comprises a manual core pulling hand riveter, a pneumatic core pulling hand riveter and an electric core pulling hand riveter, for example, the traditional electric hand riveter in the market locks a rivet core through a locking device on the hand riveter, then inserts a rivet body into a workpiece, drives the locking device to move backwards to pull the rivet core in the direction of the rivet body, and finally enables the rivet big head to generate a neck lock until the rivet is broken. The rotating shaft of the existing hand riveter is always in transmission threaded connection with the movable push rod, the rotating shaft and the movable push rod cannot be separated, the transmission mechanism must rotate reversely when the rivet is withdrawn, the locking device can reset to be separated from the rivet core of the rivet body, and the structure brings much inconvenience to the rivet withdrawal operation.

In view of the current situation, as disclosed in a chinese patent application No. CN201810994789.5 (publication No. CN108746456A), a quick hand riveter includes an inner sleeve and an outer sleeve, the outer sleeve is axially slidably sleeved on the outer side of the inner sleeve, a draw hook connecting rod is axially inserted into the upper end of the inner sleeve, an assembly connector is axially connected to the upper end of the inner sleeve, a three-jaw outer sleeve inserted into the assembly connector is arranged at the upper end of the draw hook connecting rod, a release screw is mounted at the outer end of the assembly connector, a plurality of jaw pieces are arranged inside the three-jaw outer sleeve, a three-jaw jacking shaft is axially arranged at the lower end of the jaw piece, a jacking spring is mounted at the lower end of the three-jaw jacking shaft, and an axial spring is axially arranged between the lower end of the draw hook connecting rod and the inner wall of the inner sleeve; the lower extreme of hand riveter endotheca has inserted the drag hook axle, has cup jointed the bearing between the middle part outside of drag hook axle and the hand riveter endotheca, and the bilateral symmetry of hand riveter endotheca is opened has the axial and is led to the groove, has arranged the drag hook pole in the axial leads to the inslot, and the upper end of drag hook pole is hooked with the one end lateral wall of drag hook connecting rod, and the internal thread has been arranged to the other end inboard, and the internal thread matches with the spliced pole of the screw thread of drag hook axle one end, has arranged between the upper end inside wall of. The sliding structure can quickly realize the disengagement and engagement of the draw hook shaft and the draw hook rod, and realize quick disassembly.

The aforementioned patents, however, suffer from the following drawbacks: firstly, the upper end of the draw hook rod is hooked with the outer side wall of one end of the draw hook connecting rod, the upper end of the draw hook connecting rod is provided with a three-jaw outer sleeve inserted into the assembly connector, namely the draw hook rod, the draw hook connecting rod and the three-jaw outer sleeve are in hard connection; the rotation of the draw hook shaft is driven to rotate by the electric screwdriver, and the electric screwdriver can rotate forwards or backwards. Once the electric screwdriver drives the drag hook shaft to reversely rotate to a limited critical point, the drag hook rod, the drag hook connecting rod and the three-jaw outer sleeve do not move forwards any more, the electric screwdriver is forced to be reversely rotated continuously, mechanical interference is caused, energy is accumulated, so that the screw pair is damaged and fails, the rivet gun can be exploded, and damage and even injury can be caused to a user.

And secondly, when the rotating drag hook shaft drives the drag hook rod to move backwards, the outer edge of the drag hook rod and the inner wall of the outer sliding sleeve move in a sliding friction mode, so that the resistance of the drag hook rod is increased, the torque of the drag hook shaft is increased, and the output power of the electric screwdriver is increased.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that to above-mentioned prior art current situation and provide a rational in infrastructure, use safer, and can shirk fast and change blind rivet's hand riveter.

The utility model provides a technical scheme that above-mentioned technical problem adopted does: a kind of hand riveter, including the assembly is fitted over the collet assembly used for holding the nail core of the front end of the assembly complete set, there are tie rods, screw shafts and multiple open-close poles in the assembly complete set, said tie rod and open-close pole can slip axially, the front end of the tie rod is connected with said collet assembly, the said screw shaft is installed in the rear end of the assembly complete set through the bearing, the assembly is fitted with the first spring making the tie rod keep the forward trend in the assembly, the terminal inboard of the open-close pole has female screw thread matching with male screw thread on the screw shaft; the method is characterized in that: the pull rod is sleeved with an inner sliding sleeve capable of axially sliding relative to the pull rod, the pull rod is provided with a blocking part for limiting the backward movement of the inner sliding sleeve, the pull rod is further sleeved with a second spring for keeping the inner sliding sleeve in a backward movement trend, and the front end of each opening and closing rod is connected to the inner sliding sleeve so that the sliding of the opening and closing rod can drive the inner sliding sleeve to move; the assembly sleeve is provided with a locking structure for meshing the internal thread at the tail end of the opening and closing rod with the external thread on the screw shaft.

In order to make the opening and closing rod open and close better, a third spring which makes the internal thread at the tail end of the opening and closing rod keep the trend of separating from the external thread on the screw rod shaft is arranged below the opening and closing rod, and the assembly sleeve is provided with axial through grooves which have the same quantity as the opening and closing rods and can make the opening and closing rods slide in the axial through grooves. When the locking structure is unlocked, the third spring can enable the opening and closing rod to be automatically disengaged so as to release the engagement. The axial through groove is arranged, so that the opening and closing rod can only axially slide but cannot rotate around the axis of the whole set relative to the whole set.

The locking structure comprises an outer sliding sleeve which is sleeved outside the total set and can axially slide, and the rear part of the opening and closing rod is provided with a raised triggering part which is matched with the outer sliding sleeve; when the outer sliding sleeve moves forwards, the outer sliding sleeve does not touch the trigger part, the tail end of the opening and closing rod springs outwards under the action of a third spring, and internal threads on the opening and closing rod are separated from external threads on the screw rod shaft; when the outer sliding sleeve moves backwards, the outer sliding sleeve triggers the trigger part to enable the tail end of the opening and closing rod to be folded towards the middle, and internal threads on the outer sliding sleeve are meshed with external threads on the screw rod shaft. The outer sliding sleeve continues to slide to the locking surface of the opening and closing rod until the outer sliding sleeve is pressed against the outer convex shoulder for locking. The screw shaft is driven to rotate, the opening and closing rod, the pull rod, the chuck component for clamping the nail core and the like are pulled to move backwards under the screw side effect, and the nail core is gradually stretched until the nail core is broken. In the process, the outer sliding sleeve is driven to move backwards together under the action of friction force between the triggering part of the opening and closing rod and the outer sliding sleeve. Therefore, the friction force caused by relative sliding between the opening and closing rod and the outer sliding sleeve is eliminated, the resistance is small, and the output power of the electric screwdriver is reduced.

The axial of this drive structure through outer sliding sleeve slides just can make the pole that opens and shuts accomplish and open and shut, and is rational in infrastructure, and easy operation is convenient. Of course, the locking structure can also be a locking key structure or the like, and the locking structure can lock the internal thread on the opening and closing rod and the external thread on the screw rod shaft in a meshing state and can release the locking state.

Preferably, the front side surface of the trigger is a slope. The arrangement of the inclined plane is more beneficial to pushing the tail end of the opening and closing rod to move downwards. When the outer sliding sleeve moves backwards, the step of the inner wall of the outer sliding sleeve pushes the outer sliding sleeve to slide along the inclined plane of the trigger part, the tail end of the opening and closing rod is gradually folded towards the middle, the internal thread of the inner side of the opening and closing rod is meshed with the external thread on the screw rod shaft, and the outer sliding sleeve continues to slide until the outer sliding sleeve abuts against the trigger part to be locked.

For the range that the external sliding sleeve slided around carrying on spacingly, above-mentioned total complete set of preceding tip cover is established and is fixed with first stop collar, the interior pore wall front end of external sliding sleeve is equipped with keeps off the interior shoulder blade of joining in marriage with first stop collar, total complete set of rear end has the outer shoulder that keeps off the position of keeping off to the rear end of external sliding sleeve. The limiting position that the outer sliding sleeve slided is retrained in the effect of interior shoulder blade and outer fender shoulder, prevents that outer sliding sleeve from breaking away from inner sliding sleeve. When the first limiting sleeve is used for blocking the inner shoulder blade at the front end of the inner hole wall of the outer sliding sleeve, the outer sliding sleeve does not trigger the trigger part of the opening and closing rod at the moment, and the tail end of the opening and closing rod is upwards flicked under the action of the third spring to be separated from the meshing with the screw shaft. The limiting structure has a good indication effect on the working position of the outer sliding sleeve.

The opening and closing rod and the inner sliding sleeve can be connected by adopting the following structure, the peripheral wall of the inner sliding sleeve is provided with a buckling groove, and the front end of the opening and closing rod is provided with an inserting part which extends downwards and is buckled into the buckling groove. The connection mode has the advantage of convenient assembly, and can adopt the connection modes such as hinging and the like. Specifically, the insertion portion is provided with a limiting portion extending forwards, the limiting portion is located in the buckling groove, the inner sliding sleeve is sleeved with a second limiting sleeve and is restrained on the inner sliding sleeve through a retaining ring, and the second limiting sleeve restrains the limiting portion to prevent the limiting portion from being separated from the buckling groove. During the equipment, will insert the portion and put in the catching groove, establish and fix on interior sliding sleeve with the second stop collar cover again, the second stop collar realizes blocking spacing portion, accomplishes the pole that opens and shuts and is connected with interior sliding sleeve.

Optionally, a spring cavity is formed in the inner end face of the opening and closing rod, the upper end of the third spring is accommodated in the spring cavity, and the lower end of the third spring is supported on the outer sliding sleeve.

For convenient assembly, the front end port of the assembly set is in threaded connection with an assembly connector.

Optionally, the above-mentioned cartridge assembly includes muzzle, claw cover and top cover, claw cover threaded connection is at the front end of pull rod, is equipped with a plurality of claw piece in the claw cover, forms the centre gripping hole of centre gripping nail core after each claw piece folds, is conical surface cooperation between the inner hole wall of claw cover and the periphery wall of claw piece, be equipped with front end open-ended holding hole in the pull rod, the top cover is located in the holding hole and can axially slide, be equipped with the fourth spring that acts on the top cover in the holding hole, the fourth spring makes the top cover keep advancing and tightly pushes up each claw piece rear end, the muzzle is fixed on the assembly connector, moves to initial condition before the claw cover, and the muzzle pushes up each claw piece backward. The fourth spring applies forward thrust to the claw pieces, and under the matching action of the inner hole walls of the claw sleeves and the conical surfaces of the outer peripheral walls of the claw pieces, the claw pieces keep a folding trend, so that the rivet core of the rivet is firmly clamped. The inner wall of the claw piece can be provided with a latch.

An ejector rod capable of axially sliding penetrates through the ejector sleeve, and a fifth spring enabling the ejector rod to keep a forward movement trend is arranged in the accommodating hole. The setting of ejector pin can set up the nail core of different length, and the nail core overlength can promote the ejector pin and move backward, realizes stepping down in order to get into the hole of top cover.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the advantages of: in the riveting process, the reset of the rivet gun can be realized through the sliding of the outer sliding sleeve, the screw shaft does not need to be turned over, and the operation is more convenient; in addition, in the rivet pulling process, if the screw shaft rotates reversely, the opening and closing rod and the inner sliding sleeve are driven to move forwards together to overcome the elastic force of the second spring, at the moment, buffering is formed, and when the opening and closing rod moves forwards to be disengaged from the screw shaft, the screw shaft idles, so that the effect of preventing the squeeze-explosion rivet pulling gun is achieved.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a structural sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention (original state, the opening and closing levers are disengaged);

fig. 3 is a structural cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention (ready for rivet pulling, open/close lever engagement);

fig. 4 is a structural cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention (pull rivet moved backward, open/close lever engaged);

fig. 5 is a structural cross-sectional view of the embodiment of the present invention (screw shaft is rotated reversely, and opening and closing rods are engaged);

fig. 6 is an exploded view of the main components of the embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, it is a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

A hand riveter comprises a whole set 4, wherein an assembly connector 13 is connected to the front port of the assembly set 4, and the assembly connector 13 is in threaded connection with the front port of the assembly set 4. Be equipped with the cartridge assembly that is used for the centre gripping nail core in the assembly connector 13, be equipped with pull rod 8, screw shaft 1 and many poles 6 that open and shut in assembly cover 4, the pole 6 that opens and shuts in this embodiment is two, and pull rod 8 and pole 6 that opens and shuts can the axial slide, set up on the assembly cover 4 with the pole 6 the same quantity that opens and shuts and enable pole 6 gliding axial through groove 42 between this, the front end of pull rod 8 with the cartridge assembly is connected, screw shaft 1 installs at the rear end of total complete set 4 and shows out through bearing 2, is equipped with in the assembly cover 4 and makes pull rod 8 keep the first spring 7 of antedisplacement trend, and the terminal inboard of pole 6 that opens and shuts is equipped with the internal thread 1b that matches with the external screw thread 1a on the screw shaft 1.

An inner sliding sleeve 3 capable of axially sliding is sleeved on the pull rod 8, a blocking part 81 for limiting the backward movement of the inner sliding sleeve 3 is arranged on the pull rod 8, a second spring 18 enabling the inner sliding sleeve 3 to keep a backward movement trend is further sleeved on the pull rod 8, the front end of each opening and closing rod 6 is connected to the inner sliding sleeve 3 so that the sliding of the opening and closing rod 6 can drive the inner sliding sleeve 3 to move, a third spring 9 enabling an internal thread 1b at the tail end of the opening and closing rod 6 to keep a trend of being separated from an external thread 1a on the screw shaft 1 is arranged below the opening and closing rod 6, a spring cavity 63 is arranged on the inner end face of the opening and closing rod 6, the upper end of the third spring 9 is accommodated in the spring cavity 63, and the lower end of the; the assembly sleeve 4 is provided with a locking structure for engaging the internal thread 1b at the tail end of the opening and closing rod 6 with the external thread 1a on the screw shaft 1.

The opening and closing rod 6 is connected to the inner sliding sleeve 3 by the following structure, the buckling groove 31 is arranged on the peripheral wall of the inner sliding sleeve 3, and the front end of the opening and closing rod 6 is provided with an inserting part 62 which extends downwards and buckles into the buckling groove 31. The inserting part 62 is provided with a limiting part 621 extending forwards, the limiting part 621 is located in the fastening groove 31, the inner sliding sleeve 3 is sleeved with a second limiting sleeve 20 and is restrained on the inner sliding sleeve 3 through a retaining ring 19, and the second limiting sleeve 20 restrains the limiting part 621 to prevent the limiting part 621 from being separated from the fastening groove 31.

The locking structure comprises an outer sliding sleeve 5 which is sleeved outside the total set 4 and can axially slide, and the rear part of the opening and closing rod 6 is provided with a raised triggering part 61 which is matched with the outer sliding sleeve 5; when the outer sliding sleeve 5 moves forwards, the outer sliding sleeve 5 does not touch the trigger part 61, and the internal thread 1b on the opening-closing rod 6 is separated from the external thread 1a on the screw shaft 1 under the action of the third spring 9; in the backward moving state of the outer sliding sleeve 5, the outer sliding sleeve 5 touches the trigger part 61 to enable the internal thread 1b on the opening-closing rod 6 to be meshed with the external thread 1a on the screw shaft 1. The front side of the trigger 61 is a slope 611.

The front end part of the assembly set 4 is sleeved and fixed with a first limiting sleeve 12, the front end of the inner hole wall of the outer sliding sleeve 5 is provided with an inner shoulder blade 51 matched with the first limiting sleeve 12 in a blocking way, and the rear end of the assembly set 4 is provided with an outer blocking shoulder 41 for blocking the rear end of the outer sliding sleeve 5.

The chuck component comprises a gun nozzle 15, a claw sleeve 14 and a top sleeve 17, wherein the claw sleeve 14 is in threaded connection with the front end of the pull rod 8, a plurality of claw pieces 16 are arranged in the claw sleeve 14, each claw piece 16 forms a clamping hole 161 for clamping a nail core after being folded, the inner hole wall of the claw sleeve 14 is in conical surface fit with the outer peripheral wall of each claw piece 16, a containing hole 82 with an opening at the front end is arranged in the pull rod 8, the top sleeve 17 is arranged in the containing hole 82 and can axially slide, a fourth spring 21 acting on the top sleeve 17 is arranged in the containing hole 82, the fourth spring 21 enables the top sleeve to keep moving forwards and tightly push the rear end of each claw piece 16, the gun nozzle 15 is fixed on the assembly connector 13, the gun nozzle 15 moves forwards to an initial state in the claw sleeve 14, and the gun nozzle 15 pushes back each claw piece 16. An ejector rod 11 capable of axially sliding penetrates through the ejector sleeve 17, and a fifth spring 10 enabling the ejector rod 11 to keep a forward movement trend is arranged in the accommodating hole 82.

The working principle and the process of the hand riveter are as follows:

in the rivet pulling process, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, a rivet core of a rivet is inserted into a clamping hole 161 formed by a claw piece 16, an outer sliding sleeve 5 is pulled backwards, the outer sliding sleeve 5 touches a triggering part 61, at the moment, the tail end of an opening and closing rod 6 swings downwards and closes, an internal thread 1b at the tail end of the opening and closing rod 6 is meshed with an external thread 1a on a screw shaft 1, an external force (an electric screwdriver) drives the screw shaft 1 to rotate, the opening and closing rod 6 is pulled to move backwards axially under the action of screw transmission, meanwhile, a certain friction force exists between the triggering part 61 of the opening and closing rod 6 and the outer sliding sleeve 5, the outer sliding sleeve 5 moves backwards along with the opening and closing rod 6 synchronously, the two do not slide relatively, the friction force caused by the relative sliding between the opening and closing rod and the outer sliding sleeve is eliminated, the. The 6 axial backshifts of pole that opens and shuts and then drive pull rod 8 and follow inner sliding sleeve 3 and overcome the elasticity of first spring 7 and move backward, inner sliding sleeve 3 then drives claw cover 14 and move backward, rifle mouth 15 no longer withstands claw piece 16, claw piece 16 is stretched forward under fourth spring 21 and fifth spring 10 effect, through conical surface mating action, each claw piece 16 more draws close, the centre gripping hole 161 that forms firmly grasps the nail core and drives the nail core and move backward, accomplish and draw the rivet, if pole 6 backshifts to internal thread 1b and external screw thread 1a breaks away from, then threaded shaft 1 idle running.

During the resetting process, as shown in fig. 2, after the rivet pulling is finished, the outer sliding sleeve 5 is pushed forward, the first limiting sleeve 12 blocks the inner shoulder blade 51 of the outer sliding sleeve 5, the outer sliding sleeve 5 does not touch the trigger part 61, the internal thread 1b on the opening and closing rod 6 is separated from the external thread 1a on the screw shaft 1 under the action of the third spring 9, the pull rod 8, the inner sliding sleeve 3, the opening and closing rod 6, the claw sleeve 14, the claw piece 16, the top sleeve 17, the top rod 11, the fourth spring 21 and the fifth spring 10 move forward together under the action of the elastic force of the first spring 7, the gun nozzle 15 pushes back each claw piece 16, the clamping hole 161 formed by the outward expansion of each claw piece 16 is expanded, so that the nail core is conveniently separated from the clamping assembly, and the opening and closing rod 6 is reset to the initial state to be riveted next time.

In the explosion-proof process, as shown in fig. 5, in the rivet pulling process, if the screw shaft 1 rotates reversely, the opening and closing rod 6 and the inner sliding sleeve 3 are driven to move forward relative to the pull rod 8 against the elastic force of the second spring 18, and at this time, a buffer is formed, so that the situation that the rivet pulling gun is exploded due to the fact that the front end of the opening and closing rod 6 is jacked is avoided, and when the opening and closing rod 6 moves forward to be disengaged from the screw shaft 1, the screw shaft 1 idles, so that the effect of preventing the rivet pulling gun from being extruded is achieved.

It should be noted that in the description of the present embodiment, the terms "front, back", "left, right", "up, down", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, which is only for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of description, but does not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. The terms "mounted," "connected," and "coupled" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly coupled, detachably coupled, or integrally coupled; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. A hand riveter comprises an assembly sleeve (4) and a chuck assembly arranged at the front end of the assembly sleeve (4) and used for clamping a nail core, wherein a pull rod (8), a screw shaft (1) and a plurality of opening and closing rods (6) are arranged in the assembly sleeve (4), the pull rod (8) and the opening and closing rods (6) can axially slide, the front end of the pull rod (8) is connected with the chuck assembly, the screw shaft (1) is arranged at the rear end of the assembly sleeve (4) through a bearing (2), a first spring (7) enabling the pull rod (8) to keep a forward movement trend is arranged in the assembly sleeve (4), and an internal thread (1b) matched with an external thread (1a) on the screw shaft (1) is arranged on the inner side of the tail end of the opening and closing rod (6);

the method is characterized in that: the pull rod (8) is sleeved with an inner sliding sleeve (3) capable of axially sliding relative to the pull rod (8), the pull rod (8) is provided with a blocking part (81) for limiting backward movement of the inner sliding sleeve (3), the pull rod (8) is further sleeved with a second spring (18) for keeping the inner sliding sleeve (3) in a backward movement trend, and the front end of each opening and closing rod (6) is connected to the inner sliding sleeve (3) so that the sliding of the opening and closing rod (6) can drive the inner sliding sleeve (3) to move; the total set (4) is provided with a locking structure for meshing the internal thread (1b) at the tail end of the opening and closing rod (6) with the external thread (1a) on the screw shaft (1).

2. A riveter according to claim 1, wherein: and a third spring (9) which enables the internal thread (1b) at the tail end of the opening and closing rod (6) to keep away from the trend of the external thread (1a) on the screw shaft (1) is arranged below the opening and closing rod (6), and axial through grooves (42) which are the same as the opening and closing rod (6) in number and enable the opening and closing rod (6) to slide in the axial through grooves are formed in the assembly sleeve (4).

3. A riveter according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the locking structure comprises an outer sliding sleeve (5) which is sleeved outside the total set (4) and can axially slide, and the rear part of the opening and closing rod (6) is provided with a raised triggering part (61) which is matched with the outer sliding sleeve (5); when the outer sliding sleeve (5) moves forwards, the outer sliding sleeve (5) does not touch the trigger part (61), the tail end of the opening and closing rod (6) is outwards bounced open under the action of the third spring (9), and the internal thread (1b) on the outer sliding sleeve is separated from the external thread (1a) on the screw rod shaft (1); when the outer sliding sleeve (5) moves backwards, the outer sliding sleeve (5) triggers the trigger part (61) to enable the tail end of the opening and closing rod (6) to be folded towards the middle, and the internal thread (1b) on the outer sliding sleeve is meshed with the external thread (1a) on the screw rod shaft (1).

4. A riveter according to claim 3, wherein: the front side surface of the trigger part (61) is an inclined surface (611).

5. A riveter according to claim 3, wherein: the front end portion cover of total complete set (4) is established and is fixed with first stop collar (12), the interior pore wall front end of outer sliding sleeve (5) is equipped with keeps off interior shoulder blade (51) of joining in marriage with first stop collar (12), the rear end of total complete set (4) has the outer fender shoulder (41) that keeps off the position to the rear end of outer sliding sleeve (5).

6. A riveter according to claim 1, wherein: a buckling groove (31) is formed in the peripheral wall of the inner sliding sleeve (3), and an inserting part (62) which extends downwards and buckles into the buckling groove (31) is arranged at the front end of the opening and closing rod (6); insert portion (62) have spacing portion (621) that extend forward, and spacing portion (621) are located catching groove (31), the cover is equipped with second stop collar (20) and retrains on inner sliding sleeve (3) through retaining ring (19) on inner sliding sleeve (3), and second stop collar (20) are right spacing portion (621) are retrained and are prevented spacing portion (621) from breaking away from catching groove (31).

7. A riveter according to claim 2, wherein: a spring cavity (63) is formed in the inner end face of the opening and closing rod (6), the upper end of the third spring (9) is contained in the spring cavity (63), and the lower end of the third spring (9) is supported on the outer sliding sleeve (5).

8. A riveter according to claim 1, wherein: and the front port of the assembly set (4) is in threaded connection with an assembly connector (13).

9. A riveter according to claim 8, wherein: the chuck component comprises a gun nozzle (15), a claw sleeve (14) and a top sleeve (17), the claw sleeve (14) is in threaded connection with the front end of the pull rod (8), a plurality of claw sheets (16) are arranged in the claw sleeve (14), each claw sheet (16) forms a clamping hole (161) for clamping the nail core after being folded, the inner hole wall of the claw sleeve (14) is in conical surface fit with the outer peripheral wall of the claw sheet (16), an accommodating hole (82) with an opening at the front end is arranged in the pull rod (8), the top sleeve (17) is arranged in the accommodating hole (82) and can axially slide, a fourth spring (21) acting on the top sleeve (17) is arranged in the containing hole (82), the top sleeve is kept to move forwards by the fourth spring (21) to jack the rear end of each claw sheet (16), the gun nozzle (15) is fixed on the assembly connector (13), when the claw sleeve (14) moves forward to the initial state, the gun nozzle (15) pushes each claw sheet (16) backwards.

10. A riveter according to claim 9, wherein: an ejector rod (11) capable of sliding axially penetrates through the ejector sleeve (17), and a fifth spring (10) enabling the ejector rod (11) to keep a forward movement trend is arranged in the containing hole (82).

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