CN210855991U - Biomass continuous depolymerization device capable of taking materials on line - Google Patents

Abstract

A biomass continuous depolymerization device capable of taking materials on line comprises a first reactor, a second reactor and a third reactor, wherein a feeding hole is formed in the first reactor and is used for depolymerizing hemicellulose in biomass; and the second reactor is provided with a residue outlet and a hydrolysate outlet, and the starting end of the second reactor is connected with the tail end of the first reactor in series and used for depolymerizing the residual cellulose after the depolymerization of the hemicellulose. The utility model discloses a reciprocating type continuous feeder and two reactors of establishing ties can realize living beings continuous feeding and depolymerization, have improved the utilization efficiency of living beings to the hydrolysate easily separates.

Description

Biomass continuous depolymerization device that can be reclaimed online

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of chemical industry technical equipment and energy of biomass, and particularly relates to a continuous depolymerization device for biomass that can take materials online.

Background technique

The large-scale use of petroleum and fossil fuels has caused serious environmental pollution problems, so the development of renewable energy has attracted more and more attention. Biomass is currently considered to be the only renewable resource that can be converted into liquid fuels and new bio-based materials, and crop straw lignocellulose is one of the most important biomass resources.

Lignocellulose is a complex rigid structure composed of cellulose, hemicellulose and lignin. In terms of chemical composition, cellulose is a polymer composed of glucose, which can be used to manufacture textiles, cellulose-based chemicals (CMC/HEC, etc.), microcrystalline cellulose, glucose, etc., and can also be directly used to produce cellulose. Fermentation to produce cellulosic ethanol, etc. Hemicellulose is a heteropolysaccharide polymer composed of xylem, mannitol, etc., which can be degraded to obtain xylose, arabinose, mannose, etc., of which the content of xylose is the highest. Different from the first two components, lignin is a component with complex composition and no clear structure, which can be used as rubber reinforcing agent, concrete water reducing agent, etc.

Similar to the utilization of petroleum (fractionation), the key to large-scale utilization of lignocellulose resources is how to efficiently separate the above three components and obtain purified components or corresponding monomer compounds.

At present, the annual output of agricultural straw in my country exceeds 1 billion tons. However, the level of straw conversion and utilization in my country is still at a low level, and a large amount of straw cannot be effectively used and is directly discarded and incinerated, which not only brings serious environmental pollution problems, but also a waste of biomass resources. Therefore, the efficient depolymerization, separation and transformation and utilization of straw are of great significance for solving environmental pollution and optimizing energy structure. In recent years, research and development of efficient conversion and utilization technology and equipment of biomass straw has become a hot research direction at home and abroad. The water-phase depolymerization of straw has the advantages of high efficiency, strong adaptability, high added value of products, and easy connection with existing chemical technology. Therefore, the development and preparation of a new type of straw hydrolysis device system to realize the depolymerization, separation or conversion of the three components of hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose is of great significance for promoting the utilization of crop straw.

The batch method is a common method for depolymerization of lignocellulosic biomass. However, no matter how to optimize the process flow, the use of the batch method will cause the material to stay in the reactor for too long, which will easily produce a large number of by-products and inhibitors. Although the current lignocellulose continuous depolymerization device can shorten the residence time of the material in the reactor, due to the pressure inside the reactor, problems such as the inability to continuously feed and the difficulty of online reclaiming, etc., all affect the continuous reaction device. industrialized implementation.

Utility model content

In view of this, one of the main purposes of the present invention is to propose a continuous biomass depolymerization device that can reclaim materials online, in order to at least partially solve at least one of the above-mentioned technical problems.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the present utility model provides a biomass continuous depolymerization device that can be reclaimed online, comprising:

a first reactor having a feed port thereon for depolymerization of hemicellulose in the biomass; and

The second reactor is provided with a residue outlet and a hydrolyzate outlet, and the start end of the second reactor is arranged in series with the end of the first reactor for depolymerization of the remaining cellulose after the depolymerization of hemicellulose.

Based on the above technical solutions, it can be known that the biomass continuous depolymerization device of the present utility model that can take materials online has at least one of the following advantages over the prior art:

1. The utility model adopts a reciprocating continuous feeder and two reactors connected in series, which can realize continuous feeding and depolymerization of biomass, improve the utilization efficiency of biomass, and the hydrolysate is easy to separate;

2. The utility model is provided with a solid reclaimer and a liquid reclaimer, which can carry out real-time online reclaiming according to the characteristics of the biomass material. Real-time on-line reclaiming can evaluate the hydrolysis effect of the material to further optimize the hydrolysis conditions, which is beneficial to realize the efficient and continuous depolymerization of different biomass raw materials by using a variety of process conditions, and improve the hydrolysis efficiency.

Description of drawings

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

2 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid sampler in an initial state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

3 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid sampler in a feeding state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

4 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid sampler in a sampling state according to an embodiment of the present invention;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of the solid sampler in a disassembled state according to an embodiment of the present invention.

In the above figure, the reference symbols have the following meanings:

1-reciprocating pressurized feeding system; 2-equal pitch screw; 3-transverse reactor; 4-variable pitch hollow screw; 5-vertical reactor; 6-catalyst feed port; 7-liquid sampling port; 8-solid sampling port; 81-reactor connecting pipe; 82-ball valve; 83-outer casing; 84-sampler; 85-sealer; 86-movement screw; 87-flange; 9-sensor; 10-residue outlet ; 11 - Power motor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present utility model clearer, the present utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments and with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Since the position of the product of the present invention can be changed at will, the orientation words such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "horizontal" and "vertical" described in the present invention only mean The relative positional relationship is not used to define the absolute positional relationship.

The utility model discloses a biomass continuous depolymerization device that can take materials online, comprising:

a first reactor having a feed port thereon for depolymerization of hemicellulose in the biomass; and

The second reactor is provided with a residue outlet and a hydrolyzate outlet, and the start end of the second reactor is arranged in series with the end of the first reactor for depolymerization of the remaining cellulose after the depolymerization of hemicellulose.

Wherein, the first reactor and/or the second reactor is provided with an online reclaiming unit for reclaiming material;

Wherein, the online material taking unit includes a liquid sampling port and/or a solid sampling port;

Wherein, the online material taking unit includes a solid sampler arranged at the solid sampling port.

Wherein, the solid sampler includes:

A reactor connecting pipe, which communicates with the inner space of the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

an outer casing, communicated with the reactor connecting pipe;

A sealing valve, which is arranged on the reactor connecting pipe, and is used to control the connection and disconnection between the inner space of the first reactor and/or the second reactor and the inner space of the outer casing;

a movable sampler disposed in the inner space of the outer casing, capable of taking a sample from the communicating reactor connection pipe and carrying the sampler out of the outer casing;

a moving unit, one end of which is connected with the sampler, and the other end extends out of the outer casing for removing the sampler; and

a sealing unit, which is arranged between the outer casing and the moving unit for forming a sealed environment;

Wherein, the moving unit is a screw, and the screw has a self-locking function, which can prevent the moving unit from being moved out due to excessive pressure inside the inner sleeve.

Wherein, the moving unit may also be a moving rod, and a fixing member for fixing the moving rod is arranged between the moving rod and the outer sleeve, so as to avoid the moving rod being moved out due to excessive pressure inside the inner sleeve.

Wherein, the connecting pipe of the reactor and the outer casing are detachably connected by flanges.

Wherein, the sealing valve includes a ball valve.

Wherein, the sealing unit includes a sealing ring and/or a Wilson seal

Wherein, the sampler is cylindrical, and the opening of the sampler faces one end of the reactor.

Wherein, the sampler is detachably connected with the mobile unit, which facilitates cleaning or replacement of the sampler.

Wherein, a feeding unit is connected to the feeding port of the first reactor;

Wherein, the feeding unit includes a feeding lock hopper and a continuous pressurized feeder.

Wherein, a catalyst inlet is connected to the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

Wherein, the catalyst inlet is arranged at the starting end of the first reactor and/or the second reactor.

Wherein, a sensor is provided on the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

Wherein, the sensor includes a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor, and an acidity sensor;

A heating unit is provided on the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

Wherein, the heating unit includes a heating sleeve.

Wherein, a gas generator is connected to the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

Wherein, the gas includes any one of nitrogen, oxygen, air, argon, carbon dioxide, and water vapor;

Wherein, the water vapor includes acid-carrying water vapor and alkali-carrying water vapor.

wherein, the first reactor includes a first screw for feeding;

Wherein, the first screw is a propulsion screw;

Wherein, the first screw is a hollow perforated screw;

Wherein, the first screw is an equal-pitch screw or a variable-pitch screw;

Wherein, the first screw is connected with the first power unit;

Wherein, the first power unit includes a motor.

wherein the second reactor includes a second screw for feeding;

Wherein, the second screw is a propulsion screw;

Wherein, the second screw is a hollow perforated screw;

Wherein, the second screw is an equal-pitch screw or a variable-pitch screw;

Wherein, the second screw is connected with the second power unit;

Wherein, the second power unit includes a motor.

Wherein, the materials used in the first reactor and/or the second reactor are acid- and alkali-resistant materials;

Wherein, the first reactor is arranged horizontally, and the second reactor is arranged vertically;

Wherein, the biomass continuous depolymerization device is fixed on the support table;

Wherein, the bottom of the support table is provided with a pulley that is convenient to move.

The biomass continuous depolymerization device of the present invention can depolymerize biomass by the following operations:

(1) adding biomass material, water, catalyst to mixing reaction in the first reactor;

(2) in the step (1), the material after the reaction is transported to the second reactor to react and collect solid residue and hydrolyzate;

Wherein, a catalyst is added in step (2), and the catalyst includes an inorganic acid and a solid acid;

Wherein, the catalyst comprises sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, formic acid;

Wherein, the catalyst described in step (1) includes sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, acetic acid, and formic acid.

Wherein, the biomass material described in step (1) includes any one of wheat straw, rice straw, corn cob, corn stalk, bagasse, sunflower seed husk, cotton firewood, cotton seed husk, wheat straw, rice husk, forest tree, and forage one or more combinations;

Wherein, the reaction temperature in step (1) and step (2) are both 25-300°C, and the reaction pressure is both 100KPa-15MPa;

Wherein, in step (1) and/or step (2), the temperature, pressure and acidity of the reaction are monitored by sensors;

Wherein, in step (1) and/or step (2), carry out hydrolysis effect analysis by liquid and/or solid reclaimer on-line reclaiming;

Wherein, the mixing method described in step (1) and step (2) is realized by the rotation of the first screw and the second screw, and the rotation speed of the first screw and the second screw is 0-100rpm;

Wherein, in step (1), the biomass material enters the first reactor through the feeding unit, and the water and the catalyst enter the first reactor through the catalyst inlet;

Wherein, the residue in step (2) is collected through the residue outlet, and the hydrolyzed solution is collected through the hydrolyzed solution outlet.

In a preferred embodiment, the present invention, for example, adopts the following technical solutions:

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a method and a device for realizing the continuous depolymerization of lignocellulose biomass, which is beneficial to improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of lignocellulose and pave the way for its industrialization.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model is a biomass continuous depolymerization device and a series depolymerization method process. A biomass continuous depolymerization device capable of online reclaiming comprises:

The feeding device is a feeding lock hopper, preferably a continuous pressurized feeder;

Connected to the feeder is a transverse reactor with a screw feed rod. Inside the transverse reactor is a propulsion screw, preferably a hollow perforated screw, and a catalyst liquid inlet is set at the same time. The screw with equal pitch or variable pitch is optional. screw;

Connected to the horizontal reactor is a vertical reactor provided with a screw feeder. Inside the vertical reactor is a propulsion screw, preferably a hollow perforated screw, and a catalyst liquid inlet can be set at the same time. Pitch screw;

A discharge port is set at the end of the horizontal reactor, and a closed receiving tank with a certain volume or a continuous discharge port can be selected;

The screws in the reactor are all connected to the power equipment, and the reactor can be equipped with a catalyst feed port;

The reactor can be optionally equipped with an external gas generator, and the gas can be one or more of the following gases: nitrogen, oxygen, air, argon, carbon dioxide, water vapor, acid-carrying water vapor, and alkali-carrying water vapor;

The reactor can be optionally equipped with one or more on-line liquid reclaimers and/or on-line solid reclaimers, which can realize real-time sampling and analysis of liquid and/or solid materials. It is preferable to install 1 liquid reclaimer and 1 solid reclaimer on the vertical screw;

Both the horizontal part and the vertical part of the reactor can be equipped with heating sleeves, which can realize the preheating and heat preservation of the device and speed up the reaction process;

Sensors can be installed in all the above-mentioned parts, which can detect parameters such as temperature, pressure, acidity and so on. Preferably, three temperature, pressure and acidity sensors are installed on the vertical reactor;

The reaction temperature in the device ranges from room temperature to 300°C, and the pressure ranges from normal pressure to 15MPa. The device is preferably made of acid and alkali resistant materials.

Using the above device, according to the characteristics of the biomass material itself, the hydrolysis effect can be evaluated by taking the material online to further optimize the hydrolysis conditions, and finally various process conditions can be used to realize the continuous depolymerization of different biomass raw materials. The biomass raw material includes one or more of the following materials: wheat straw, rice straw, corn cob, corn straw, bagasse, sunflower seed husk, cotton firewood, cotton seed husk, wheat straw, rice husk, forest tree, and forage.

In order to realize the purpose of continuous depolymerization of biomass, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme, which mainly includes the following steps:

(1) adding the biomass material to the feeder, and entering the transverse reactor with the screw under the conveying of the feeder;

(2) The water and the catalyst are transported into the reactor, mixed with the biomass material, and advanced under the driving of the screw. The horizontal and vertical screws can adjust the rotational speed respectively, and the adjustment range is 0-100rpm;

(3) the temperature in the above-mentioned transverse reaction can be adjusted to be from room temperature to 300°C, and the adjustable range of the pressure is from normal pressure to 15MPa, and the mixture reacts under the prescribed temperature and pressure conditions, and advances simultaneously;

(4) After the mixture runs to the end of the horizontal reactor, it enters the vertical reactor. The temperature in the vertical reactor can be adjusted from room temperature to 300°C, and the pressure can be adjusted from normal pressure to 15MPa. The temperature and pressure conditions of the mixture are Reaction down, while pushing up;

(5) use the liquid and/or solid reclaimer arranged on the horizontal and/or vertical reactor to take on-line material to carry out hydrolysis effect analysis;

(6) Finally, the solid residue is collected in the upper part of the vertical reactor, and the hydrolyzed liquid is collected in the lower part.

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be further described below through specific embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only for illustration, and the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

Example 1

As shown in Figure 1, a biomass continuous depolymerization device that can reclaim materials online includes a pressurized feeding system, a reaction system, an online reclaiming system, and a reactant collector. Specifically include: reciprocating pressurized feeding system 1, equal-pitch screw (first screw) 2, horizontal reactor (first reactor) 3, variable pitch hollow screw (second screw) 4, vertical reactor ( The second reactor) 5 , the catalyst feed port 6 , the hydrolyzate outlet 7 , the solid sampling port 8 , the sensor 9 , the residue outlet 10 , and the power motor (power unit) 11 .

Taking corn stalks as the raw material as an example, the crushed corn stalks are transported to the horizontal reactor 3 through the reciprocating pressurized feeding system 1, and at the same time, the high-temperature steam carries the acid liquid through the catalyst feed port 6 and the equal-pitch screw 2 to enter the reaction. The inside of the vessel is mixed with the solid material, and propelled by the equal-pitch screw 2, and the hemicellulose component is depolymerized during the reaction during the material's progress.

When the material runs to the end of the horizontal reactor 3, it will enter the vertical reactor 5. The acid solution (ie, catalyst) is added to the material, and the material is pushed up by the variable pitch hollow screw 4, and the cellulose depolymerization reaction is carried out at the same time. After running to the top variable pitch pressing section, the liquid and solid residue are separated, and the solid residue is transported out through the residue outlet 10 at the top of the reactor, while the liquid flows back to the bottom of the reactor and is collected through the hydrolyzate outlet 7. During the reaction process, the sampling and analysis of the reaction material can be carried out at any time through the solid sampling port 8 and the hydrolyzate outlet 7, so as to facilitate the optimization of reaction parameters; at the same time, the reaction parameters are adjusted according to the temperature, pressure, acidity detected by the sensor 9, etc., wherein the equal pitch The screw 2 and the variable pitch hollow screw 4 are powered by the power motor 11 .

In this embodiment, the solid sampling port is connected with a solid sampler, and the use of the solid sampler is taken as an example of a process of taking material once. As shown in FIG. 2 , the sampler 84 is communicated with the reactor through the connection port 8 . At this time, the ball valve 82 is in a closed state, and any substance inside the reactor cannot enter the inside of the sampler 84 . The ball valve 82 is opened and the sampler 84 is pushed into the position shown in FIG. 3 by rotating the screw 86 . At this time, the solid material inside the reactor will enter into the sampler 84 by its own pressure, and because the Wilson seal 85 is provided, the pressure inside the reactor will be kept constant. After taking out the material, rotate the screw 86 to take out the sampler, and at the same time close the ball valve 82, as shown in Figure 4. The flange 87 is then removed, as shown in Figure 5, and the solid material in the sampler can be taken out at this time. After the material is taken out, it can be reset to the initial state as shown in Figure 2.

The biomass raw material used in the utility model includes one or more of the following materials: wheat straw, rice straw, corn cob, corn straw, bagasse, sunflower seed husk, cotton firewood, cotton seed husk, wheat straw, rice husk, forest tree ,forage.

The specific embodiments described above further describe the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the above are only specific embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (10)

1. A continuous depolymerization device for biomass, comprising:

the first reactor is provided with a feeding hole and is used for depolymerizing hemicellulose in the biomass; and

and the second reactor is provided with a residue outlet and a hydrolysate outlet, and the starting end of the second reactor is connected with the tail end of the first reactor in series and is used for depolymerizing the residual cellulose after the depolymerization of the hemicellulose.

2. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

an online material taking unit for taking materials is arranged on the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

the online material taking unit comprises a liquid sampling port and/or a solid sampling port;

the online material taking unit comprises a solid sampler arranged at the solid sampling port.

3. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 2,

the solid sampler includes:

a reactor connecting pipe communicating with the first reactor and/or the second reactor inner space;

an outer sleeve communicated with the reactor connecting pipe;

a sealing valve arranged on the reactor connecting pipe and used for controlling the communication and disconnection between the inner space of the first reactor and/or the second reactor and the inner space of the outer sleeve;

a movable sampler disposed in the outer casing interior space, capable of taking a sample from a communicating reactor connection tube and carrying the outer casing;

one end of the moving unit is connected with the sampler, and the other end of the moving unit extends out of the outer sleeve and is used for moving the sampler; and

a sealing unit disposed between the outer sleeve and the moving unit for forming a sealed environment;

the moving unit is a screw;

the reactor connecting pipe is detachably connected with the outer sleeve through a flange;

the sampler is detachably connected with the mobile unit.

4. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

a feeding unit is connected to a feeding port of the first reactor;

the feeding unit comprises a feeding lock hopper and a continuous pressurizing feeder;

the first reactor and/or the second reactor is/are connected with a catalyst inlet;

the catalyst inlet is arranged at the starting end of the first reactor and/or the second reactor.

5. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

a sensor is arranged on the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

the sensors comprise a temperature sensor, a pressure sensor and an acidity sensor;

a heating unit is arranged on the first reactor and/or the second reactor;

the heating unit includes a heating sleeve.

6. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

the first reactor and/or the second reactor are/is connected with a gas generator;

the gas comprises any one of nitrogen, oxygen, air, argon, carbon dioxide and water vapor;

the water vapor comprises acid-carrying water vapor and alkali-carrying water vapor.

7. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

the first reactor comprises a first screw for feeding;

the first screw is a propelling screw;

the first screw is a hollow punching screw;

the first screw is a uniform pitch screw or a variable pitch screw;

the first screw is connected with a first power unit;

the first power unit includes a motor.

8. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

the second reactor comprises a second screw for feeding;

the second screw is a propelling screw;

the second screw is a hollow punching screw;

the second screw is a uniform pitch screw or a variable pitch screw;

the second screw is connected with a second power unit;

the second power unit includes a motor.

9. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 1,

the first reactor and/or the second reactor are made of acid-resistant and alkali-resistant materials;

the first reactor is transversely arranged, and the second reactor is vertically arranged;

the biomass continuous depolymerization device is fixed on the support table.

10. The continuous depolymerization device for biomass according to claim 9,

the bottom of the supporting table is provided with a pulley which is convenient to move.

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