CN210816682U - A kind of rural household garbage can be piled rot disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rural domestic waste can pile rotten thing processing apparatus. It includes: the device comprises a material feeding part, a fermentation bin part, a control system, a percolation pool and a deodorization device; wherein: the fermentation chamber is a closed stainless steel device, the material input part is positioned at the front end of the fermentation chamber, the fermentation chamber and the control system are integrated from the appearance, the middle part is connected by a push plate hydraulic rod, the percolation chamber and the deodorization device are positioned at the underground part behind the equipment, and the ventilation and percolation liquid pipeline is connected with the domestic garbage to form the fertilizer organic soil which can be used in the farmland after being thoroughly decomposed. In addition, the heavy metal detection amount of the organic soil reaches the standard, and the death rate of escherichia coli (negative) and ascaris ova reaches the standard (more than 98 percent).

Description

A kind of rural household garbage can be piled rot disposal device

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rural domestic garbage disposal, and in particular relates to a rural domestic garbage disposal device capable of turning garbage into energy and resources.

Background technique

The vast majority of waste disposal in my country is landfill and incineration. The classification treatment device or the kitchen waste treatment device is mainly used in the school canteen of the unit; or the large-scale waste treatment plant, which has high investment cost and high transportation cost during operation, and is not suitable for rural areas in scattered areas. At present, the classification of rural garbage is divided into three categories: heapable waste (barrels), recyclables (barrels) and toxic and harmful substances (cages).

Among them, compostable substances: In this category, it generally refers to the substances in domestic garbage that can be made into organic soil by biochemical processes such as fermentation, decay, and degradation under the action of microorganisms.

Recyclables: generally refer to wastes that are easy to separate, recycle, recycle, process and reuse.

Toxic and Hazardous Substances: Toxic and Hazardous Substances refer to substances containing complex chemical components and heavy metals that are easy to pollute the environment and harm, and threaten human health, as well as items that are easy to cause danger in the process of disposal, increase the difficulty of disposal, and affect the quality of products formed by garbage disposal.

At present, the existing products are continuous aerobic composting fermentation reactors, which are suitable for livestock and poultry farms of various scales, garden waste treatment plants and kitchen waste treatment, and the price is more than 600,000 yuan. In addition, the kitchen waste treatment equipment that can be seen on the market has a beautiful appearance and a high price of waste treatment equipment (800,000-900,000 yuan).

According to the decision-making and deployment of the Party Central Committee and the State Council on carrying out the three-year action to improve the rural living environment, in recent years, the rural garbage control, sewage treatment, "toilet revolution", and village cleaning actions have been actively promoted. The classification and treatment of domestic waste is still in the state of village collection, town transportation, and district treatment. At present, the vast majority of rural domestic waste has not been classified and processed. Therefore, it is forward-looking and necessary to develop a rural domestic waste treatment device. The rural domestic waste treatment propulsion device developed by the Tianjin Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment is designed for the scattered areas of the countryside. After sorting, the domestic waste can be processed without leaving the village (or leaving the hometown), and organic soil is produced in the farmland. and green recycling.

The rural household garbage processing device of the utility model adopts a container type in the appearance of the equipment, uses the static good-raising fermentation technology, pours the compostable household garbage into the fermentation box body, and uses the propelling plate to push the garbage into the fermentation bin through the hydraulic system. The pusher plate is returned to its original position and pushed back and forth once a day. The domestic waste is fermented in the fermentation chamber for a period of time, and adjusted by indicators such as carbon-nitrogen ratio, temperature, and air. At the same time, deodorization and leachate treatment are carried out. After the domestic waste is decomposed, farmland can be used fertilizer organic soil.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

To achieve the above object, the utility model discloses the following technical content:

A device for treating compostable waste in rural areas is characterized in that it comprises: a material input part, a fermentation bin part, a control system, a percolation tank and a deodorization device; wherein: the fermentation bin is a closed stainless steel device, and the material input part is located in The front end of the fermentation tank, the fermentation tank and the control system are integrated from the outside, and the middle is connected by the hydraulic rod of the propeller plate. The percolation tank and the deodorization device are located in the underground part of the rear of the equipment, and are connected by ventilation and leachate pipelines;

The material input part includes: a trash can lifting frame 1, a garbage feeding port 2, and a hydraulic rod 8 of a propelling plate; the trash can lifting rack 1 is located at the front of the fermentation bin and is connected with the garbage feeding port 2 at the top of the fermentation bin; the propelling plate The hydraulic rod 8 is connected to the push plate 3 and the control part, and the push plate hydraulic station 10 pushes the movement of the plate 3 to push the material into the fermentation bin, and then push the plate back to its original position;

The fermentation bin includes: a fermentation bin box, a temperature sensor 4, a leachate drainage pipeline 5, a fermentation bin air inlet pipeline 6, and a material outlet 7;

The temperature sensor 4 is located at 2/3 of the top of the fermentation warehouse box, and the temperature sensor is connected to the instrument control cabinet 14; the temperature in the fermentation warehouse is displayed on the instrument control cabinet 14, and the leachate drainage pipe 5 is located at the bottom of the fermentation warehouse box. Just below the material port 7, the leachate drainage pipe 5 is provided with a drainage hole to connect with the inlet of the percolation tank; the fermentation bin air inlet pipe 6 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin box, and the pipe is provided with an air inlet hole and is connected with the instrument control cabinet 14. connection; by starting the Roots blower 11, the air intake is replenished; the discharge port 7 is located at the rear end of the fermentation bin, and the fully fermented material is discharged from the discharge port 7;

The control system includes: a trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, a propelling plate hydraulic station 10, a Roots blower 11, a heating and heating device 12, and an instrument control cabinet 14;

The control system is located at the left end of the fermentation bin, and is divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer is equipped with a Roots fan 11, a trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, an instrument control cabinet 14, and the control cabinet is connected to an external power supply; the lower layer is equipped with a heating device 12, Propel plate hydraulic station 10, pipelines; trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, push plate hydraulic station 10, temperature sensor 4, fan 11, water pump, and heating device 12 are all connected to the electrical signal of the power distribution cabinet;

The percolation tank and deodorizing device include: a filler port 15, an air inlet 16, a leachate inlet 17, an exhaust port 18, a submersible pump 19, a leachate outlet 20, a filler 21, and a filler grate 22;

The filling port 15 is located at the top of the percolation tank; the air inlet 16 is located in the upper left part of the percolation tank, and the other end is connected to the upper left part of the fermentation tank; the leachate inlet 17 is located at the lower end of the percolation tank air inlet, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the fermentation tank The leachate outlet 20 is connected; the exhaust port 18 is located at the top right upper part of the percolation tank; the submersible pump 19 is located at the bottom of the percolation tank and is connected to the leachate outlet 20 in the tank; 22, the packing grate is 15 cm away from the bottom of the percolation tank and is supported by a bracket.

The utility model further discloses a processing method using a non-rural domestic waste processing device, which is characterized in that the processing is carried out according to the following steps

(1) After being mixed with additives and fermenting inoculants in the domestic garbage, it enters the box through the trash can lifting rack; adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 25-30:1 to make it ferment completely; The volume percentage of rot and additives is 1:1, and the addition amount of fermentation inoculum is 200 grams of fermentation inoculum per cubic material;

The decomposable materials refer to the perishable substances and agricultural wastes in the domestic garbage;

The fermentation bacterial agent refers to a decomposing agent (commercially available) that can quickly decompose livestock and poultry manure, straw and other organic materials containing protein and cellulose;

(2) The propelling plate is moved into the fermentation chamber by the hydraulic rod of the propelling plate. After each addition, the propelling plate is advanced once, and the propelling is controlled by the hydraulic station of the propelling plate; The addition amount of the fermentation bacterial agent is 200 grams per cubic material; the fermentation is completed and the material is discharged through the discharge port;

(3) The leachate enters the inlet of the percolation tank from the leachate outlet of the fermentation tank, and reaches the bottom of the percolation tank through the deodorizing packing. Add 5-10 kg of fermentation bacterial agent per cubic packing, and the leachate exceeds the set height and start the submersible pump. Discharge through the leachate outlet;

(4) Set the fermentation chamber temperature, oxygen supply, and exhaust air volume; the fermentation chamber temperature is between 45°C and 55°C, and the oxygen supply is set when the temperature is less than 40°C or greater than 65°C (for example, when When the fermentation temperature is 35°C, the fan starts, and the heating device starts to increase the temperature. When the temperature reaches 40°C, the fan and the heating device automatically stop working. For example, when the fermentation temperature is 70°C, the exhaust air is started and the fan starts to cool down. When the temperature reaches 60°C, the fan starts to cool down. The fan starts to supply oxygen to the fermentation reactor; the trash can is lifted, oxygenated, exhausted, and the water pump in the percolation tank runs, and there is a manual control button in the instrument control cabinet.

The utility model further discloses the application of the treatment method of the rural domestic waste treatment device in the preparation of organic soil for farmland usable fertilizer. The experimental results show that organic soil has the effect of promoting growth and improving yield in landscaping and farmland planting (see Example 4 and Example 5).

The final indicators that can be piled up in rural household waste are:

(1) The color is dark brown, no odor, pH 6.5~8.5, moisture 30-35%.

(2) The mortality rate of Ascaris eggs is 98-100%; E. coli is negative (meets the requirements of GB8172).

(3) The indexes of heavy metal content all meet the standard (Supplementary Table 4).

The utility model discloses a compostable waste treatment device and a treatment method for rural domestic waste, which adopts a container-type treatment device and occupies less land; solves the problem of local treatment and reuse of domestic waste; reduces transportation costs and improves environmental treatment efficiency.

The utility model designs the size of the fermentation bin by calculating the amount of garbage, so as to ensure the fermentation time and obtain consistent fermentation products. The household waste generated every day enters the fermentation bin after being classified. The propulsion system ensures that the old and new wastes have the same fermentation time in the fermentation bin, and the properties of the obtained fermentation product "organic soil" are basically the same. This equipment mainly solves the problem of no site for waste disposal in rural areas. It occupies less land and requires less investment (1 ton per day, investment of 200,000 yuan), simple operation and operation, which can realize local treatment of domestic waste, reduce transportation costs, and improve environmental governance efficiency.

Compared with the prior art, the rural domestic waste treatment device disclosed by the utility model has the following positive effects:

(1) The rural domestic waste treatment device disclosed by the present utility model: process and ferment the compostable waste to produce organic soil that can be used in farmland or greening.

(2) Localized processing to reduce transportation costs.

(3) The detection amount of heavy metals in the organic soil meets the standard (see Table 1), and the mortality rate of Escherichia coli (negative) and Ascaris eggs meets the standard (more than 98%);

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for treating compostable waste in rural areas;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a percolation tank and a deodorizing device;

Figure 3 is a flow chart of the disposal of compostable waste;

in

1. Trash can lifting frame 2. Garbage feeding port 3. Push plate 4. Temperature sensor

5. Leachate drainage pipe 6. Air inlet pipe of fermentation bin; 7. Discharge port 8. Propel plate hydraulic rod

9. Trash lifting hydraulic device 10. Propulsion plate hydraulic station 11. Roots blower 12. Warming and heating device

13. Fermentation bin leachate outlet 14. Instrument control cabinet; 15 Filling port 16. Air inlet

17. Leachate inlet 18. Exhaust port 19. Submersible pump 20. Leachate outlet 21. Packing 22. Packing grate.

Detailed ways

The present utility model is described below through specific embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the present invention are all methods known to those skilled in the art. In addition, the embodiments should be construed as illustrative rather than limiting of the scope of the present invention, the spirit and scope of which are limited only by the claims. For those skilled in the art, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, various changes or modifications in these embodiments also belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

Example 1

The utility model relates to a device for treating decomposing materials of rural domestic waste, which comprises: a material input part, a fermentation bin part, a control system, a percolation tank and a deodorization device; wherein: the fermentation bin is a closed stainless steel device, and the material input part is located in the fermentation bin. At the front end, the fermentation tank and the control system are integrated from the outside, and the middle is connected by the hydraulic rod of the propeller plate. The percolation tank and the deodorization device are located in the underground part of the rear of the equipment, and are connected by ventilation and leachate pipes;

The material input part includes: a trash can lifting frame 1, a garbage feeding port 2, and a hydraulic rod 8 of a propelling plate; the trash can lifting rack 1 is located at the front of the fermentation bin and is connected with the garbage feeding port 2 at the top of the fermentation bin; the propelling plate The hydraulic rod 8 is connected to the pusher plate 3 and the control part, and the material is pushed into the fermentation bin by the movement of the pusher plate hydraulic station 10, and then the pusher plate is returned to its original position;

The fermentation bin includes: a fermentation bin box, a temperature sensor 4, a leachate drainage pipeline 5, a fermentation bin air inlet pipeline 6, and a material outlet 7;

The temperature sensor 4 is located at 2/3 of the top of the fermentation tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to the instrument control cabinet 14; the temperature in the fermentation tank is displayed on the instrument control cabinet, and the leachate drainage pipe 5 is located at the bottom of the fermentation tank. Directly below 7, the leachate drainage pipeline 5 is provided with a drainage hole to connect with the inlet of the percolation tank; the fermentation bin air inlet pipeline 6 is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation bin box, and the pipeline is provided with an air inlet hole and is connected with the instrument control cabinet 14; By starting the Roots blower 11, air intake supplementation is realized; the discharge port 7 is located at the rear end of the fermentation bin, and the fully fermented material is discharged from the discharge port 7;

The control system includes: a trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, a propelling plate hydraulic station 10, a Roots blower 11, a heating and heating device 12, and an instrument control cabinet 14;

The control system is located at the left end of the fermentation bin, and is divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer is equipped with a Roots fan 11, a trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, an instrument control cabinet 14, and the control cabinet is connected to an external power supply; the lower layer is equipped with a heating device 12, Propel plate hydraulic station 10, pipelines; trash can lifting hydraulic device 9, push plate hydraulic station 10, temperature sensor 4, fan 11, water pump, and heating device 12 are all connected to the electrical signal of the power distribution cabinet;

The percolation tank and deodorizing device include: filler port 15, air inlet 16) leachate inlet 17, exhaust port 18, submersible pump 19, leachate outlet 20, filler 21, filler grate 22;

The filling port 15 is located at the top of the percolation tank; the air inlet 16 is located in the upper left part of the percolation tank, and the other end is connected to the upper left part of the fermentation tank; the leachate inlet 17 is located at the lower end of the percolation tank air inlet, and the other end is connected to the bottom of the fermentation tank The leachate outlet 20 is connected; the exhaust port 18 is located at the top right upper part of the percolation tank; the submersible pump 19 is located at the bottom of the percolation tank and is connected to the leachate outlet 20 in the tank; 22, the packing grate is 15 cm away from the bottom of the percolation tank and is supported by a bracket.

Example 2

The method of using the non-rural domestic waste treatment device for treatment is carried out according to the following steps

(1) After being mixed with additives and fermenting inoculants in the domestic garbage, it enters the box through the trash can lifting rack; adjust the carbon-nitrogen ratio at 25-30:1 to make it ferment completely; The volume percentage of rot and additives is 1:1, and the addition amount of fermentation inoculum is 200 grams of fermentation inoculum per cubic material;

The decomposable materials refer to the perishable substances in household garbage and agricultural planting wastes.

The fermentation bacterial agent refers to a decomposing agent (commercially available) that can quickly decompose livestock and poultry manure, straw and other organic materials containing protein and cellulose;

(2) The propelling plate moves into the fermentation chamber through the hydraulic rod of the propelling plate. After each addition, the propelling plate is advanced once, and the advancement is controlled by the hydraulic station of the propelling plate; the material is fermented in the fermentation chamber, the fermentation time is 20-30 days, the temperature is 50-600C, and the fermentation is carried out at 50-600C. The amount of bacterial agent added is 200 grams per cubic material; the fermentation is completed and the material is discharged through the discharge port;

(3) The leachate enters the inlet of the percolation tank from the leachate outlet of the fermentation tank, and reaches the bottom of the percolation tank through the deodorizing packing. Add 5-10 kg of fermentation bacterial agent per cubic packing, and the leachate exceeds the set height and start the submersible pump. Discharge through the leachate outlet;

(4) Set the temperature, oxygen supply and exhaust air volume of the fermentation chamber; the temperature of the fermentation chamber is between 45°C and 55°C (preferably 45°C), and the oxygen supply is set at a temperature less than 40°C or greater than 65°C (For example, when the fermentation temperature is 35°C, the fan starts, and the heating device starts to increase the temperature. When the temperature reaches 40°C, the fan and the heating device automatically stop working. For example, when the fermentation temperature is 70°C, the exhaust air is started and the fan starts to cool down. When the temperature reaches 60 °C, the fan and exhaust will stop working) The fan starts to supply oxygen to the fermentation reactor; the trash can is lifted, oxygenated, exhausted, and the water pump in the percolation tank runs, and there is a manual control button in the instrument control cabinet.

Example 3

The equipment operates in Guojiagou Ecological Station in Jizhou City, Tianjin, and treats the compostable part of the domestic waste generated in the village. The inoculum is a commercially available "organic material decomposing agent", and the auxiliary material is the crushed material of crop corn or rice straw.

Now the village garbage transportation and equipment operation requires only one scavenger. Every morning and afternoon, the transporters go to the farmer to collect the compostable waste and transport it to the ecological station, pour the waste into the fermentation bin according to the operating instructions, observe whether the control instrument is ventilated and exhausted, and check the material volume at the discharge port. After the material leaves the fermentation silo, it is put into the ecological station for stabilization and applied to the organic soil farmland. Control indicators: moisture 30-35%, pH 6.5-8.5, Ascaris egg mortality rate of more than 95%; Since the source of materials is domestic waste and crop waste, there is no channel for heavy metals to enter, so the heavy metal content indicators are all up to the standard.

Example 4

Practical examples of organic soils used in greening:

From April to September 2018, organic soil was applied to the hibiscus seedlings (seedling height 40cm) to observe whether the organic soil had an effect on the survival and growth of the seedlings. A pot experiment was arranged, with 3 plants in each pot, and 7 treatments were set with different ratios of original soil + peat soil + organic soil, and each treatment was managed in a unified manner. From the test results, all 7 treatments could survive, of which treatment 2 (original soil: peat Soil: organic soil = 1:1:3) the most vigorous growth.

Example 5

Practical examples of organic soil utilization in farmland:

In 2018, the planting test of organic soil on broccoli was divided into 3 treatments of applying organic soil at 1000, 1500 and 2000 kg/mu. Test results: The yield of broccoli is between 1032-1214 kg/mu. Compared with no application of organic soil, the yield is increased by 4.7-23.1%. The organic soil application rate was 2000 kg/mu, and the yield of broccoli was the highest, reaching 1214 kg/mu.

Claims (1)

1. A device for treating compostable waste in rural areas, characterized in that it comprises: a material input part, a fermentation bin, a control system, a percolation tank and a deodorizing device; wherein: the fermentation chamber is a closed stainless steel device, and the material input part It is located at the front end of the fermentation tank. The fermentation tank and the control system are integrated from the outside, and the middle is connected by the hydraulic rod of the propelling plate. The percolation tank and the deodorization device are located in the underground part of the rear of the equipment, and are connected by ventilation and leachate pipelines; The material input part includes: a waste bin lifting frame (1), a waste feeding port (2), a hydraulic rod of a propelling plate (8); the waste bin lifting frame (1) is located on the front of the fermentation bin and the waste feeding port (2). ) is connected at the top of the fermentation chamber; the hydraulic rod (8) of the pusher plate is connected to the pusher plate (3) and the control part, so that the pusher plate can move back and forth in the fermentation chamber; The fermentation bin includes: a fermentation bin box, a temperature sensor (4), a leachate drainage pipeline (5), a fermentation bin air inlet pipeline (6), and a material outlet (7); The temperature sensor (4) is located at the top 2/3 of the tank body of the fermentation tank, and the temperature sensor is connected to the instrument control cabinet (14); the leachate drainage pipe (5) is located in the positive direction of the discharge port (7) at the bottom of the fermentation tank. Below, the leachate drainage pipe (5) is provided with a drainage hole to connect with the inlet of the percolation tank; the air inlet pipe (6) of the fermentation chamber is arranged at the bottom of the fermentation chamber, and the pipe is provided with air inlet holes and is connected with the instrument control cabinet (14). ) connection; the discharge port (7) is located at the rear end of the fermentation bin, and the fermented material is discharged from the discharge port (7); The control system includes: a trash can lifting hydraulic device (9), a propelling plate hydraulic station (10), a Roots blower (11), a warming and heating device (12), and an instrument control cabinet (14); The control system is located at the left end of the fermentation bin and is divided into upper and lower layers. The upper layer is equipped with a Roots fan (11), a trash can lifting hydraulic device (9), and an instrument control cabinet (14). The control cabinet is connected to an external power supply; the lower layer is equipped with a Warming and heating device (12), propelling plate hydraulic station (10), pipeline; trash can lifting hydraulic device (9), propelling plate hydraulic station (10), temperature sensor (4), fan (11), water pump, warming The heating devices (12) are all connected to the electrical signal of the power distribution cabinet; The percolation tank and deodorizing device include: a filler port (15), an air inlet (16), a leachate inlet (17), an exhaust port (18), a submersible pump (19), and a leachate outlet (20). ), packing (21), packing grate (22); The filling port (15) is located at the top of the percolation tank; the air inlet (16) is located at the upper left part of the percolation tank, and the other end is connected to the upper left part of the fermentation tank; the leachate inlet (17) is located at the lower end of the percolation tank air inlet, The other end is connected with the leachate outlet (20) at the bottom of the fermentation tank; the exhaust port (18) is located at the top right upper part of the percolation tank; the submersible pump (19) is located at the bottom of the percolation tank and connected with the leachate outlet (20) in the tank, and the filler (21) The filling port at the top of the percolation tank is directly laid on the packing grate (22), and the packing grate is 15 cm away from the bottom of the percolation tank and is supported by a bracket.

Images