CN210775961U - Optical fiber bundling die and device - Google Patents
Optical fiber bundling die and device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN210775961U CN210775961U CN201922027779.7U CN201922027779U CN210775961U CN 210775961 U CN210775961 U CN 210775961U CN 201922027779 U CN201922027779 U CN 201922027779U CN 210775961 U CN210775961 U CN 210775961U
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- die
- cavity
- coating
- optical fiber
- bundling
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 title claims abstract 39
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract 33
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract 33
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract 11
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims 8
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Images
Landscapes
- Surface Treatment Of Glass Fibres Or Filaments (AREA)
- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model discloses an optical fiber bundling die and an optical fiber bundling device, wherein the optical fiber bundling die comprises a die body, an inlet die, a bundling die and an outlet die are sequentially arranged in the die cavity of the die body along an optical fiber path, and the die cavity is divided into an exhaust cavity between the inlet die and the bundling die and a coating cavity between the bundling die and the outlet die; the mould body is provided with an air exhaust channel communicated to the air exhaust cavity and a coating channel communicated to the coating cavity; the fiber inlet die is provided with a plurality of fiber inlet channels which are arranged at intervals, and the plurality of fiber inlet channels are used for enabling a plurality of optical fibers to enter the air pumping cavity in a one-to-one mode; the bundling die is provided with a bundling die cavity, and a plurality of optical fibers are sized and bundled into a bundled optical fiber through the bundling die cavity; the bundle-shaped optical fiber is coated with the bundle coating when passing through the coating cavity, and the bundle-shaped optical fiber coated with the bundle coating is sized, wrapped and bundled into an optical fiber bundle when passing through an outlet die cavity of the outlet die. The utility model discloses the optic fibre bundle of mould beam forming is peeled off the nature good, the fine rate of breaking is low, optical property is excellent.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an optic fibre technical field relates to an optic fibre beam forming mould, an use optic fibre beam forming equipment of this optic fibre beam forming mould.
Background
The optical fiber bundle consists of a sleeve and a plurality of optical fibers positioned in the sleeve, during production, the optical fibers simultaneously penetrate into a bundling die, the bundling die bundles the optical fibers into bundle-shaped optical fibers, then a coating layer is coated on the bundle-shaped optical fibers by means of a coating process, finally the coating layer is solidified and shaped by means of a photocuring process to obtain the sleeve, and the bundle-shaped optical fibers are coated in the sleeve to form the optical fiber bundle. In order to avoid affecting the performance of the bundled optical fibers, a plurality of optical fibers are required to be regularly arranged in the bundling process, the optical fibers cannot be disordered, and the optical fibers are centrally positioned in the sleeve, so that higher process requirements and higher die design requirements are provided for optical fiber bundling.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model provides an optic fibre beam forming mould, optic fibre after the beam forming arrange can not be in disorder between rule, optic fibre and the optic fibre, and optic fibre is by the beam forming coating cladding between two parties, ensures the decay performance of optic fibre, reduces the disconnected fine rate of beam forming in-process. Meanwhile, the bundled coating is positioned outside the whole bundled optical fiber to be coated by adjusting the coating pressure of the coating cavity, cannot infiltrate into a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, has good stripping performance and is easy for subsequent fusion.
The utility model provides an optic fibre beam forming equipment uses the optic fibre beam forming mould of optimizing structural design to carry out in proper order a bundle, coating and solidification many optic fibre, and optic fibre after the beam is arranged can not be in disorder between rule, optic fibre and the optic fibre, and optic fibre is by the beam-forming coating cladding between two parties, ensures the decay performance of optic fibre, reduces the disconnected fine rate of beam-forming in-process. Meanwhile, the bundled coating is positioned outside the whole bundled optical fiber to be coated by adjusting the coating pressure of the coating cavity, cannot infiltrate into a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, has good stripping performance and is easy for subsequent fusion.
In order to solve the technical problem, the utility model provides an optical fiber bundling die, which comprises a die body, wherein an inlet die, a bundling die and an outlet die are sequentially arranged in a die cavity of the die body along an optical fiber path, and the die cavity is divided into an exhaust cavity between the inlet die and the bundling die and a coating cavity between the bundling die and the outlet die; the die body is provided with an air exhaust channel communicated to the air exhaust cavity and a coating channel communicated to the coating cavity;
the fiber inlet die is provided with a plurality of fiber inlet channels which are arranged at intervals, and the fiber inlet channels are used for enabling a plurality of optical fibers to enter the air pumping cavity in a one-to-one mode;
the bundling die is provided with a bundling die cavity, and the optical fibers are sized and bundled into bundled optical fibers through the bundling die cavity; the bundled optical fiber is coated with the bundled coating when passing through the coating cavity, and the pressure of the coating cavity is adjusted to ensure that the bundled coating is positioned outside the bundled optical fiber;
the outlet die is provided with an outlet die cavity coaxial with the bundling die cavity, and the bundled optical fibers coated by the bundled coating are sized, wrapped and bundled into an optical fiber bundle through the outlet die cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the coating chamber further comprises a transition die, the transition die has a transition die cavity, and the transition die cavity, the bundling die cavity and the outlet die cavity are coaxially arranged; the coating cavity is divided into a primary coating cavity and a secondary coating cavity by a transition die, and the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity are sequentially arranged along the path of the optical fiber; the coating channel is provided with a primary coating channel and a secondary coating channel which are respectively communicated to the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity; and the transition die is provided with a through runner which is communicated with the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the method further comprises obtaining the bundled coating layer with a pressure in the primary coating chamber less than a pressure in the secondary coating chamber.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is further included that the transition mold cavity has a full circle constraint profile.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the transition cavity further comprises a cavity radius that gradually decreases along the optical fiber path.
The present invention further provides a preferred embodiment, wherein six sets of the fiber inlet channels are disposed on the inlet mold, the axes of the six sets of the fiber inlet channels are arranged in parallel, and the center connecting lines of the six sets of the fiber inlet channels are equilateral triangles respectively located at the vertexes and the edge points of the equilateral triangles.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the cluster die cavity has an equilateral triangle cross section, and the radius of the cluster die cavity is gradually reduced along the optical fiber path.
In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is further included that the cross-section of the outlet cavity is circular, and the radius of the outlet cavity is gradually reduced along the optical fiber path.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the utility model also provides an optical fiber bundling apparatus, including coating device and solidification equipment, the coating device uses the optical fiber bundling mould, many optic fibers in the optical fiber bundling mould are bunched into bunched optical fibers, the bunched optical fibers in the optical fiber bundling mould are coated with the bundling coating and the sizing is wrapped round and is bundled into the optical fiber bundle; and curing and shaping the optical fiber bundle in the curing device.
The utility model has the advantages that:
one of which, the utility model discloses an optic fibre beam forming mould retrains the route that every optic fibre got into the mould respectively, ensures in all optic fibre is in good order, the regular entering die cavities of arranging, and earlier tied a bundle before getting into the coating chamber is the beam form, through adjusting coating pressure at the whole outside coating beam forming coating of beam form optic fibre when getting into the coating chamber, is the optic fibre bundle by beam forming coating sizing package beam form optic fibre with the beam forming. The bundled optical fibers are regularly arranged, the optical fibers cannot be disordered, and the optical fibers are coated by the bundling coating in the middle, so that the attenuation performance of the optical fibers is ensured, and the fiber breakage rate in the bundling process is reduced. Meanwhile, the bundled coating is positioned outside the whole bundled optical fiber to be coated by adjusting the coating pressure of the coating cavity, cannot infiltrate into a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, has good stripping performance and is easy for subsequent fusion.
Two of it, the utility model discloses an optic fibre beam forming equipment uses the optic fibre beam forming mould of optimizing structural design to carry out in proper order a bundle, coating and solidification to many optic fibres, and optic fibre after the beam is arranged can not be in disorder between rule, optic fibre and the optic fibre, and optic fibre is between two parties by the beam-forming coating cladding, ensures the decay performance of optic fibre, reduces the disconnected fine rate of beam-forming in-process. Meanwhile, the bundled coating is positioned outside the whole bundled optical fiber to be coated by adjusting the coating pressure of the coating cavity, cannot infiltrate into a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, has good stripping performance and is easy for subsequent fusion.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an optical fiber bundling mold according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an entrance die of the fiber bundling die of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a bundling die of the fiber bundling die of FIG. 1;
FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a transition mode of the fiber bundling die of FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exit die of the fiber bundling die of FIG. 1;
fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an optical fiber bundle in a preferred embodiment of the present invention.
The reference numbers in the figures illustrate: 1-optical fiber, 11-bundle optical fiber, 13-optical fiber bundle;
2-die body, 4-inlet die, 6-bundling die, 8-outlet die, 10-pumping cavity, 12-primary coating cavity, 16-secondary coating cavity, 18-pumping channel, 20-primary coating channel, 22-secondary coating channel, 24-fiber feeding channel, 26-bundling die cavity, 28-bundling coating, 30-outlet die cavity, 32-transition die, 34-transition die cavity, 36-through runner and 38-full circle constraint outline.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments so that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention and can implement the present invention, but the embodiments are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example one
The embodiment discloses a six-core optical fiber bundling die, which is shown in fig. 1-5 and comprises a die body 2, wherein an inlet die 4, a bundling die 6 and an outlet die 8 are sequentially arranged in a die cavity of the die body 2 along an optical fiber path, and the die cavity is divided into an air suction cavity 10 between the inlet die 4 and the bundling die 6 and a coating cavity between the bundling die 6 and the outlet die 8; the mould body 2 is provided with an air exhaust channel 18 communicated with the air exhaust cavity 10 and a coating channel communicated with the coating cavity. The inside of the air pumping cavity 10 is pumped into a negative pressure state through an air pumping channel 18; molten coating material, such as resin coating material, is injected into the coating chamber through the coating material passage.
Referring to fig. 2, the inlet mold 4 is provided with six groups of fiber inlet channels 24 arranged at intervals, axes of the six groups of fiber inlet channels 24 are arranged in parallel, and central connecting lines of the six groups of fiber inlet channels 24 are equilateral triangles respectively located at vertexes and edge points of the equilateral triangles; the six groups of fiber-entering passages 24 are used for one-to-one feeding of six optical fibers 1 into the pumping chamber 10. Six optical fibers 1 regularly enter an air pumping cavity 10 through an inlet die 4; meanwhile, each optical fiber 1 enters the air pumping cavity 10 from different fiber inlet channels 24, and the optical fibers are not constrained and interfered with each other and enter the air pumping cavity 10 well and orderly. The centers of the equilateral triangles in which the six groups of fiber entering channels 24 are located and the centers of the bundling die cavities 26 are located on the same straight line, so that six optical fibers 1 can enter the coating die with the same stress, and the fiber breakage rate can be effectively reduced; the regular arrangement of the optical fibers without disorder can effectively control the attenuation performance of the optical fibers.
Referring to fig. 3, the bundling die 6 has a bundling die cavity 26, and the cross section of the bundling die cavity 26 is an equilateral triangle; the six optical fibers 1 are sized and bundled into a bundle optical fiber 11 through a bundling die cavity 26; the bundled optical fiber 11 is coated with the bundle coating 28 as it passes through the coating chamber. The bundle optical fibers 11 are passed through a viscous resin coating, and the bundle optical fibers 11 bundled by the six optical fibers are wrapped with the resin coating (to produce a bundle coating).
Referring to fig. 5, the outlet die 8 has an outlet die cavity 30 provided coaxially with the bundling die cavity 26, the outlet die cavity 30 has a circular cross section, and the bundle-shaped optical fibers 11 covered with the bundle coating layer 28 are sized and bundled into the optical fiber bundle 13 by the outlet die cavity 30.
The coating in the coating cavity is in a fluid state, and when the bundled optical fiber 11 passes through the coating cavity, resin can not enter a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber inevitably, so that the stripping degree of the optical fiber bundle is influenced, and the subsequent optical fiber welding is not facilitated. In order to solve the technical problem, a transition die 32 is arranged in the coating cavity, the transition die 32 is provided with a transition die cavity 34, and the transition die cavity 34, the bundling die cavity 26 and the outlet die cavity 30 are coaxially arranged; the coating chamber is divided into a primary coating chamber 12 and a secondary coating chamber 16 by a transition die, and the primary coating chamber 12 and the secondary coating chamber 16 are arranged in sequence along the path of the optical fiber; the paint channel is provided with a primary paint channel 20 and a secondary paint channel 22, and the primary paint channel 20 and the secondary paint channel 22 are respectively communicated to the primary coating cavity 12 and the secondary coating cavity 16; the transition die 32 is provided with a through-flow passage 36, and the through-flow passage 36 communicates the primary coating chamber 12 and the secondary coating chamber 16. Adjusting the coating pressure of the primary coating cavity 12 to be smaller than that of the secondary coating cavity 16, wherein the bundled optical fiber 11 passes through the primary coating cavity 12 in advance, and because the pressure is small (defining the pressure range of the primary coating cavity 12), the coating in the primary coating cavity 12 only coats a thin layer on the whole exterior of the bundled optical fiber 11 and cannot be immersed into the gap between the optical fibers; when the bundled optical fiber with the thin coating layer enters the secondary coating cavity 12 with higher coating pressure, the primary coating layer generated in the primary coating cavity forms a barrier for coating to enter a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, and secondary coating is carried out on the outer part of the primary coating layer to bundle the bundled optical fiber into an optical fiber bundle.
Referring to FIG. 4, the transition cavity 34 is shown in cross-section as a triangular-like structure having a full-circle constraint profile 38. While the transition cavity 34 further reduces the bundling radius, the full-circle constraint profile 38 is independently constrained for each optical fiber, ensuring that six optical fibers do not enter the primary coating cavity 12 in a messy and orderly manner.
The mold cavity radiuses of the cluster mold cavity 26, the transition mold cavity 34 and the outlet mold cavity 30 are all gradually reduced along the optical fiber path direction, the guide and constraint effects on a plurality of optical fibers or the bundled optical fibers are achieved by limiting the mold cavity radiuses of the mold cavities, the cluster effect is better, and the optical performance of the optical fibers after being bundled is effectively ensured.
In other embodiments of this embodiment, the optical fiber bundling mold can be further used to bundle eight optical fibers, nine optical fibers, ten optical fibers, and other optical fibers with a number less than six or greater than six.
Example two
The present embodiment discloses an optical fiber bundling apparatus including a coating device and a curing device, the coating device using the optical fiber bundling mold, a plurality of optical fibers being bundled in the optical fiber bundling mold into a bundle-shaped optical fiber, the bundle-shaped optical fiber being coated with a bundling coating in the optical fiber bundling mold and being sized and bundled into an optical fiber bundle; and curing and shaping the optical fiber bundle in the curing device.
The utility model discloses an optic fibre beam forming equipment uses the optic fibre beam forming mould of optimizing structural design to carry out in proper order a bundle, coating and solidification many optic fibre, and optic fibre after the beam forming arranges can not in disorder between rule, optic fibre and the optic fibre, and optic fibre is by the beam forming coating cladding between two parties, ensures the decay performance of optic fibre, reduces the disconnected fine rate of beam forming in-process. Meanwhile, the bundled coating is positioned outside the whole bundled optical fiber to be coated by adjusting the coating pressure of the coating cavity, cannot infiltrate into a gap between the optical fiber and the optical fiber, has good stripping performance and is easy for subsequent fusion.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments for fully illustrating the present invention, and the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent substitutes or changes made by the technical personnel in the technical field on the basis of the utility model are all within the protection scope of the utility model. The protection scope of the present invention is subject to the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides an optical fiber beam forming mould, includes the mould body, its characterized in that: an inlet die, a beam collecting die and an outlet die are sequentially arranged in a die cavity of the die body along an optical fiber path, and the die cavity is divided into an exhaust cavity between the inlet die and the beam collecting die and a coating cavity between the beam collecting die and the outlet die; the die body is provided with an air exhaust channel communicated to the air exhaust cavity and a coating channel communicated to the coating cavity;
the fiber inlet die is provided with a plurality of fiber inlet channels which are arranged at intervals, and the fiber inlet channels are used for enabling a plurality of optical fibers to enter the air pumping cavity in a one-to-one mode;
the bundling die is provided with a bundling die cavity, and the optical fibers are sized and bundled into bundled optical fibers through the bundling die cavity; the bundled optical fiber is coated with the bundled coating when passing through the coating cavity, and the pressure of the coating cavity is adjusted to ensure that the bundled coating is positioned outside the bundled optical fiber;
the outlet die is provided with an outlet die cavity coaxial with the bundling die cavity, and the bundled optical fibers coated by the bundled coating are sized, wrapped and bundled into an optical fiber bundle through the outlet die cavity.
2. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 1, wherein: a transition die is arranged in the coating cavity, the transition die is provided with a transition die cavity, and the transition die cavity, the bundling die cavity and the outlet die cavity are coaxially arranged; the coating cavity is divided into a primary coating cavity and a secondary coating cavity by a transition die, and the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity are sequentially arranged along the path of the optical fiber; the coating channel is provided with a primary coating channel and a secondary coating channel which are respectively communicated to the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity; and the transition die is provided with a through runner which is communicated with the primary coating cavity and the secondary coating cavity.
3. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 2, wherein: the pressure of the primary coating chamber is less than the pressure of the secondary coating chamber when the bundled coating is obtained.
4. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 2, wherein: the transition mold cavity has a full-circle constraint profile.
5. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 2, wherein: the transition cavity has a cavity radius that gradually decreases in the direction of the optical fiber path.
6. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 1, wherein: the fiber inlet die is provided with six groups of fiber inlet channels, the axes of the six groups of fiber inlet channels are arranged in parallel, and the central connecting lines of the six groups of fiber inlet channels are equilateral triangles which are respectively positioned at the vertexes and the edge points of the equilateral triangles.
7. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 1, wherein: the cross section of the bundling die cavity is an equilateral triangle, and the radius of the die cavity is gradually reduced along the optical fiber path direction.
8. The optical fiber bundling die of claim 1, wherein: the cross-section of the outlet cavity is circular, and the radius of the cavity is gradually reduced along the path direction of the optical fiber.
9. An optical fiber bundling apparatus comprising a coating device and a curing device, characterized in that: the coating apparatus using the optical fiber bundling die of any one of claims 1-8, a plurality of optical fibers being bundled in the optical fiber bundling die into bundled optical fibers, the bundled optical fibers being coated with a bundling coating in the optical fiber bundling die and being sized and bundled into a bundle; and curing and shaping the optical fiber bundle in the curing device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922027779.7U CN210775961U (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Optical fiber bundling die and device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922027779.7U CN210775961U (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Optical fiber bundling die and device |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210775961U true CN210775961U (en) | 2020-06-16 |
Family
ID=71040330
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201922027779.7U Active CN210775961U (en) | 2019-11-21 | 2019-11-21 | Optical fiber bundling die and device |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN210775961U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110888211A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-17 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Optical fiber bundling die, apparatus and process |
-
2019
- 2019-11-21 CN CN201922027779.7U patent/CN210775961U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110888211A (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2020-03-17 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Optical fiber bundling die, apparatus and process |
| CN110888211B (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏永鼎股份有限公司 | Optical fiber bundling die, device and process |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| US7045010B2 (en) | Applicator for high-speed gel buffering of flextube optical fiber bundles | |
| CN110888211A (en) | Optical fiber bundling die, apparatus and process | |
| CN102023357A (en) | Full-dry high fiber count air-blowing micro-cable and optical fibre bundle processing method | |
| CN112346184A (en) | Full-dry optical fiber ribbon cable and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105511036A (en) | Non-metal layer-stranding cable | |
| CN107577020A (en) | Strengthen miniature air-blowing fiber unit and manufacture method | |
| CN210775961U (en) | Optical fiber bundling die and device | |
| CN107797206A (en) | The production equipment and its production method of high-density optical-fiber beam micro unit optical cable | |
| CN115291349B (en) | Non-bundled yarn optical cable and preparation method thereof | |
| CN103587019B (en) | Optical fiber bundle forming equipment and forming method thereof | |
| CN216817040U (en) | A kind of reinforcement armored optical cable | |
| CN105044868B (en) | A kind of optical cable preparation facilities | |
| CN107589501B (en) | Dry-type optical cable winding device and method | |
| CN209746209U (en) | Novel easily-branched 8-shaped optical cable and forming die thereof | |
| CN207586487U (en) | Strengthen miniature air-blowing fiber unit | |
| CN106338802A (en) | One-shot forming manufacturing process for single-beam-tube longitudinally-wrapped-water-blocking-tape cable sheath and product thereof | |
| CN111679384A (en) | Bundled grouped optical fiber multi-core mini optical cable and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN113960729B (en) | U-shaped layer stranded framework ribbon optical cable and groove entering device thereof | |
| CN104252022B (en) | All-dry fiber ribbon optical cable and molding method thereof | |
| CN201974551U (en) | Full-dry multi-core air-blowing cable | |
| CN211786270U (en) | Light overhead beam tube type optical cable product | |
| CN105988160A (en) | Fiber and manufacture system and method thereof | |
| CN105044870A (en) | Microbeam round cable and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN110142942B (en) | Ultrahigh-speed secondary plastic coating production equipment and technology for air-blowing micro-cable micro-sleeve | |
| CN1144966A (en) | Self-hold communication cable, manufacture method and its special purpose extrusion press head |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |