Front-end system of flat plate type dual-band detector
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the electron, concretely relates to front end system of plate dual-band detector.
Background
The millimeter wave detector becomes one of the main technical means for modern air and ground target detection and obstacle avoidance due to the strong rain and fog interference resistance. Various active interferences are also received during use. Conventional jammers (i.e., devices with an interferer) typically generate interference in the low frequency band, such as the C, X band. Because the high-frequency electromagnetic wave is quickly attenuated in the air, the same-intensity interference can be carried out on the targets with the same distance and the same size only by using higher transmitting power.
The prior art has already studied about K-band automotive radars, and the scattering cross-sectional area (RCS) is more than 1m due to the large size of the automotive target2Therefore, the radar mainly detects large targets in the forward 30-70 degree range. Traffic environment disturbances are usually suppressed by algorithms. The F wave band is higher in frequency, high in development difficulty and not commercial at the present stage, and the frequency is higher, so that the interference source is high in cost and high in manufacturing difficulty, and the commercial interference source of the F wave band is not seen, so that the F wave band is selected as a detector and has a certain anti-interference advantage.
For small target detection, a single frequency range radar is susceptible to interference from an active interference source, regardless of the frequency range. It is necessary to develop a multi-band transceiver module to achieve a better anti-interference effect. For example, a millimeter wave detector in a single millimeter wave frequency band generally faces various interferences in the using process, which causes detector failure or affects the accuracy, so it is necessary to perform an anti-interference design for interfering electromagnetic waves to improve the detection and identification capabilities of the detector.
The current jammer (i.e., jammer detector) has the following disadvantages:
1) the anti-jamming machine adopts a single frequency point, the frequency is low, the current jamming technology is used for normal detection of a jamming detector, due to the consideration of integration complexity and cost, electromagnetic waves emitted by a single frequency point jamming source are often adopted for jamming the jamming detector, and the jamming effect can be achieved only by adopting a corresponding frequency point and transmitting with certain power. Therefore, an anti-interference machine adopting a single frequency point is easily interfered by the outside.
For example, patent document No. 201310028067.1 proposes a 2.4GHz band interference rejection method, and introduces an interference rejection machine therein. The anti-jamming machine utilizes the circulation stability characteristic of signals, adopts self-adaptive frequency shift filtering to inhibit the frequency spectrum of jamming signals, extracts useful signals and reduces the error rate. However, the jammer is easily interfered by the outside because the jammer adopts a single frequency point and has a low frequency.
2) The conventional millimeter wave detector is different in shape due to the consideration of electrical property design of a circuit and an antenna structure during development, and if the shape is designed to be irregular or uneven, the shape is poor in conformity with a shell and poor in concealment. If the millimeter wave detector is designed to be a plane structure, the millimeter wave detector is easy to conform to the surface of an aircraft, good in concealment, small in air resistance and mainly used for lateral detection. While the conventional millimeter wave detector based on the on-chip antenna is mostly used for forward detection although the antenna surface is a plane, the beam view angle is generally smaller than 60 degrees and is a spherical or ellipsoidal beam, so that the antenna coverage detection range is small, more antennas are needed for 360-degree lateral detection, the cost and the process complexity are increased, the beam controllability is poor, and the wide view angle detection cannot be realized.
3) The conventional detector does not have a large background target selective blind vision function, and when the target and the ground background are overlapped, the RCS of the ground target is very large (more than 5 m)2) And the RCS of the short-distance flying target is small, which is easy to generate false alarm to the short-distance target and influences the actual detection accuracy.
The patent document with the application number of 201310611790.2 discloses a space-frequency joint anti-interference realization method and introduces an anti-interference machine therein, the anti-interference machine adopts an FFT broadband division method to divide a broadband signal into a plurality of narrow-band signals, adopts a sliding window method to realize multiple FFT transformation in short data, realizes covariance matrix calculation among frequency point signals, adopts a linear constraint minimum variance criterion to respectively obtain a filtering weight of each narrow-band signal, and finally adopts a mode of alternatively splicing two paths of data to obtain 1 path of data, so that the flexibility is high, but the hardware or software process of the anti-interference machine is complex, the cost is high, and the anti-interference machine does not have a large background target selective blind vision function.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
An object of the utility model is to provide a front end system of plate dual-band detector to realize anti-interference detection, and select the blind sight to remote target.
In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a front-end system of plate dual-band detector, including the casing, this casing is the flat structure, and it includes the cavity and its surface recess is embedded with K wave band antenna and F wave band antenna, the cavity is inside to be held signal processing board, K wave band radio-frequency board, F wave band radio-frequency board, K wave band intermediate frequency board and F wave band intermediate frequency board; k wave band antenna, K wave band radio frequency board, K wave band intermediate frequency board with the signal processing board electricity is connected in proper order, F wave band antenna, F wave band radio frequency board, F wave band intermediate frequency board with the signal processing board electricity is connected in proper order, and the signal processing board is connected with one row of pin joint.
The quantity of the cavity of casing is 3, including holding K wave band radio frequency cavity of K wave band radio frequency board holds F wave band radio frequency cavity of F wave band radio frequency board and holds the intermediate frequency signal processing cavity of signal processing board, K wave band intermediate frequency board and F wave band intermediate frequency board.
The K-band radio frequency cavity and the intermediate frequency signal processing cavity are separated from each other through a partition plate, the F-band radio frequency cavity and the intermediate frequency signal processing cavity are made of metal simple substances or alloy, and radio frequency wave absorbing materials are arranged in the K-band radio frequency cavity and the F-band radio frequency cavity.
The opening of the cavity of the shell is sealed by a metal cover plate.
The K wave band antenna and the K wave band radio frequency board and the F wave band antenna and the F wave band radio frequency board are connected through a group of glass insulators and feed pins, the K wave band radio frequency board and the K wave band intermediate frequency board and the F wave band radio frequency board and the F wave band intermediate frequency board are located through inserting the row's needle connector electricity on the baffle is connected, just the K wave band intermediate frequency board and the F wave band intermediate frequency board respectively with the signal processing board links to each other through a shielding lead wire.
The signal processing board, the K wave band radio frequency board, the F wave band radio frequency board, the K wave band intermediate frequency board, the F wave band intermediate frequency board, the pin header connector and the shielding lead are arranged in a coplanar manner.
The K-band antenna and the F-band antenna are both forward-tilted single-slit antennas.
And an electric switch controlled by an electric signal is arranged in the signal processing board.
The number of the K-band antennas and the number of the F-band antennas are both 2, the K-band radio-frequency board and the F-band radio-frequency board respectively comprise a signal source, a voltage-controlled oscillator and a power divider which correspond to a K band and are sequentially connected, and a transmitting branch and a receiving branch which are connected with two branches of the power divider, wherein the transmitting branch is sequentially connected with one of a first low-noise amplifier and the K-band antenna or one of the F-band antennas, and the receiving branch is sequentially connected with the other of a mixer, a second low-noise amplifier and the K-band antenna or the other of the F-band antennas.
The K-band intermediate frequency plate and the F-band intermediate frequency plate respectively comprise a triangular wave generating circuit, a filtering module and an amplifying circuit which are sequentially connected, and the output frequency of the triangular wave generating circuit is 30kHz and the output bandwidth is 200kHz-2.5 MHz.
The utility model discloses a front-end system of plate dual-band detector adopts K wave band antenna and F wave band antenna to realize two frequency channel K frequency channel and F frequency channel cooperative detection, can realize anti-interference detection; the utility model discloses an intermediate frequency board carries out the intermediate frequency filtering, can survey and distinguish 8-12m apart from little target, selects the blind sight to the remote target beyond 20m, carries out the intermediate frequency filtering to the target signal who is greater than 20m promptly. Furthermore, the utility model discloses a plate dual-band detector's front-end system's K wave band antenna and F wave band antenna all adopt single slit antenna for the wave beam visual angle is 90-120 degrees, and adopts the slit antenna that leans forward to realize leaning forward the detection, with the detection precision that improves the flying object when high-speed flight, reduces the rate of missing reporting, is suitable for high-speed flight target detection. The utility model discloses a front end system of plate dual-band detector adopts circuit board and the coplane structure of antenna to form thin dull and stereotyped structure, have suitable wall body installation advantage, have disguised, adopt miniaturized design, realize miniaturized integration. Additionally, the utility model discloses a be equipped with the electric switch that adopts signal of telecommunication control in the signal processing board of plate dual-band detector's front-end system, can be according to the interference frequency who detects, the self-adaptation switches between K and F frequency channel, realizes anti-jamming.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a plan view of a front-end system of a flat-type dual band detector according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view taken along line a-a of fig. 1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view taken along line B-B of fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of a K-band antenna of a front-end system of the flat-type dual band detector shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of an F-band antenna of a front-end system of the flat-type dual band detector shown in fig. 1.
Reference numerals
1. A housing; 2a, a K-band antenna; 2b, an F-band antenna; 3. a signal processing board; 31. a pin header; 4a, a K wave band radio frequency board; 4b, an F-band radio frequency board; 5a, a K wave band intermediate frequency plate; 5b, F wave band intermediate frequency plate; 61. a glass insulator; 62. a feed pin; 7. a radio frequency wave-absorbing material; 8. a shielding lead;
21. an antenna housing; 211. an antenna slot; 22. an antenna wave-absorbing material; 23. an antenna medium.
Detailed Description
The following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the accompanying drawings, will be provided to better understand the functions and features of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1-3, the front-end system of the flat dual-band detector according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a housing 1, a flat plate structure of the front-end system of the whole flat dual-band detector of the housing 1, which includes a cavity 11 and a surface groove embedded with 2K-band antennas 2a and 2F-band antennas 2b, and the cavity 11 accommodates a signal processing board 3, a K-band rf board 4a, a F-band rf board 4b, a K-band if board 5a and a F-band if board 5 b. The quantity of the cavity 11 of the casing 1 is 3, including holding K wave band radio frequency cavity of K wave band radio frequency board 4a, hold F wave band radio frequency cavity of F wave band radio frequency board 4b and hold intermediate frequency signal processing cavity of signal processing board 3 and two intermediate frequency boards 5a, 5b, between K wave band radio frequency cavity and the intermediate frequency signal processing cavity, and separate through a baffle 12 between F wave band radio frequency cavity and the intermediate frequency signal processing cavity respectively, the material of baffle 12 is metal simple substance (like copper) or alloy (like can cut the alloy), and its thickness is 1mm for the electromagnetic wave conduction between separation radio frequency board 4a, 4b and intermediate frequency board 5a, 5b, avoid radio frequency signal to disturb intermediate frequency board and signal processing board 3. The opening of the cavity 11 of the housing 1 is closed by a metal cover 13, and the metal cover 13 is used to prevent external electromagnetic interference from directly entering the rf plates 4a and 4b and the if plates 5a and 5 b. Radio frequency wave-absorbing materials 7 are arranged in the K-band radio frequency cavity and the F-band radio frequency cavity, and the radio frequency wave-absorbing materials 7 are short fibers and ferrite organic polymer materials so as to further absorb electromagnetic waves in the cavity and reduce circuit signal noise.
K wave band antenna 2a, K wave band radio-frequency board 4a, K wave band intermediate frequency board 5a and signal processing board 3 electricity in proper order are connected, F wave band antenna 2b, F wave band radio-frequency board 4b, F wave band intermediate frequency board 5b and signal processing board 3 electricity in proper order are connected, signal processing board 3 is connected with one row of needle joint 31, from this, the utility model discloses a flat plate dual band detector has formed K wave band receiving and dispatching link and F wave band receiving and dispatching link, has realized K and F frequency channel collaborative detection, the K frequency channel is 24 + -2 GHz, the F frequency channel is 110 + -5 GHz, and when the target appears, the intermediate frequency has the target signal time domain output, and signal processing board 3 becomes the frequency domain signal with received intermediate frequency signal through FFT transform, confirms the target distance according to the frequency spectrum, and then realizes anti-interference detection.
The K-band antenna 2a and the K-band radio frequency board 4a and the F-band antenna 2b and the F-band radio frequency board 4b are respectively connected with a feed pin 62 through a group of glass insulators 61 to realize the electrical connection of the antennas 2a and 2b and the radio frequency boards 4a and 4b, so that electrical signals are transmitted to the antennas 2a and 2b from the intermediate frequency boards 5a and 5b, converted into electromagnetic wave energy, and transmitted out along the slit antenna. The rf board 4a and the K band intermediate frequency board 5a and the F band rf board 4b and the F band intermediate frequency board 5b are electrically connected through 5 pin header connectors 121 inserted in the partition board 12, and are configured to connect the output ends of the rf boards 4a and 4b and the input ends of the intermediate frequency boards 5a and 5b (amplification and filtering), and each pin header includes a pin wrapped by a plastic material, and the pins are insulated from each other, so as to electrically connect the rf boards 4a and 4b and the intermediate frequency boards 5a and 5b, and allow the rf boards 4a and 4b to output intermediate frequency signals that are not amplified. The K-band intermediate frequency plate 5a and the F-band intermediate frequency plate 5b are respectively connected with the signal processing board 3 through a shielding lead 8 with the diameter of 1mm so as to realize electric connection. In addition, the signal processing board 3, the radio frequency boards 4a and 4b, the intermediate frequency boards 5a and 5b, the 5 pin header connectors 121 and the shielding leads 8 are arranged in a coplanar manner, so that the thickness of the flat board is reduced, the wall surface installation is convenient, and the hidden detection capability is realized. Furthermore, the utility model discloses a dual-band detector's front-end system adopts the miniaturized design, realizes miniaturized integration, and the volume is (8-12) cm (3-5) cm (0.8-1.2) cm.
The signal processing board 3 is provided with an electric switch controlled by an electric signal, so that the change-over switch can be automatically switched and controlled, a target signal is detected to output high electric frequency, the electric switch is controlled, the current working radio frequency circuit is closed, and the other radio frequency circuit is started to be switched to the other frequency band.
The K-band radio frequency board 4a and the F-band radio frequency board 4b respectively comprise a signal source, a voltage-controlled oscillator and a power divider which are sequentially connected and correspond to the K band, and a transmitting branch and a receiving branch which are connected with the power divider. Therefore, a signal source is connected with a voltage-controlled oscillator, the signal source generates modulation voltage, the voltage-controlled oscillator is controlled to output high-frequency signals, the voltage-controlled oscillator is connected with a power divider, the signals are divided into two paths through the power divider, one path is a transmitting branch and is connected with a first low-noise amplifier, and the signals are amplified and transmitted to a transmitting antenna (namely one of K-band antennas 2a or one of F-band antennas 2 b); the other path is a receiving branch, which connects the mixer, the second low noise amplifier and a receiving antenna (i.e. the other one of the K-band antennas 2a or the other one of the F-band antennas 2b) in turn. The receiving antenna transmits the received signal to the mixer through the second low noise amplifier, mixes the signal with the high frequency signal of the transmitting branch of the power divider, outputs an intermediate frequency signal, and transmits the intermediate frequency signal to the intermediate frequency plates 5a and 5 b. The voltage-controlled oscillator of the K-band radio frequency board 4a is a 12GHz voltage-controlled oscillator, and the frequency is doubled to 24 GHz; the voltage-controlled oscillator of the F-band radio frequency board 4b is a 13.5GHz voltage-controlled oscillator, and 8-frequency doubling is performed to 110 GHz. Preferably, the K-band rf board 4a is a sitosp 3 multifunctional chip, and contains a VCO, an LNA, a Mixer Divider, and a Buffer. The model of the low noise amplifier of the F-band radio frequency board 4b is MTN801(0-105GHz), the model of the mixer is TCD1901(100-105GHz), the model of the frequency multiplier is TCD904, and the model of the voltage-controlled oscillator is SIV018SP 4. The K-band rf board 4a and the F-band rf board 4b each have an output from the mixer of the rf board, which is preferably 5 pads of metal.
The K-band intermediate frequency plate 5a and the F-band intermediate frequency plate 5b both comprise a triangular wave generating circuit, a filtering module and an amplifying circuit which are connected in sequence. The triangular wave circuit converts standard square waves into a triangular wave circuit to realize triangular wave generation. Preferably, the triangular wave circuit, the filtering module and the amplifying circuit are designed by adopting an Altium designer, the output frequency of the triangular wave circuit is 30kHz, so as to control the output bandwidth of the triangular wave circuit to be 200kHz-2.5MHz, namely the intermediate frequency bandwidth; the amplifying circuit is an ADA4857-2 operational amplifier. The filtering module realizes LC band-pass filtering by designing a combined resistor and a capacitor inductor. Therefore, the utility model discloses an adopt the intermediate frequency board to carry out the intermediate frequency filtering, can survey 8-12m remote targets (RCS ═ 0.1) to the target selection blind beyond 20m, adopt the intermediate frequency board to carry out the intermediate frequency filtering to the target signal that is greater than 20m promptly.
As shown in fig. 4-5, the number of the K-band antenna 2a and the F-band antenna 2b is 2, and both are forward single-slit antennas, so as to implement 90-120 degree wide view angle detection, and the antenna includes an antenna housing 21 having a cavity, the antenna housing 21 is made of copper, and one surface of the antenna housing is provided with an antenna slit 211. One end in the cavity is provided with an antenna wave-absorbing material 22, and the rest part is filled with an antenna medium 23 made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The glass insulator 61 and the feed pin 62 are inserted into one end of the antenna housing 21 away from the antenna wave-absorbing material 22. The length of the K wave band antenna 2a is 85mm +/-1 mm, the width of the K wave band antenna is 5mm +/-1 mm, the thickness of the K wave band antenna is 3mm +/-0.5 mm, the length of the F wave band antenna 2b is 50mm +/-2 mm), the width of the F wave band antenna is 4mm +/-1 mm, and the thickness of the F wave band antenna is 3mm +/-0.5 mm.
Based on the front-end system of plate dual-band detector above, the utility model discloses still provide a method for making of the front-end system of plate dual-band detector, including following step:
step S1: manufacturing a shell 1;
the shell 1 comprises 3 cavities, and the cavities are separated by a partition plate 12 respectively and are used for avoiding electronic wave interference between the cavities. Radio frequency wave-absorbing materials 7 are arranged in the K-band radio frequency cavity and the F-band radio frequency cavity, and the radio frequency wave-absorbing materials 7 are short fibers and ferrite organic polymer materials so as to further absorb electromagnetic waves in the cavity and reduce circuit signal noise. The radio frequency wave absorbing material 7 is adopted in the wave band radio frequency cavity and the F wave band radio frequency cavity, so that electromagnetic waves in the cavity are further absorbed, and circuit signal noise is reduced.
Step S2: a K-band RF plate 4a, an F-band RF plate 4b, a K-band IF plate 5a and an F-band IF plate 5b are fabricated.
Preferably, the K-band rf board 4a is a sitosp 3 multifunctional chip, and contains a VCO, an LNA, a Mixer Divider, and a Buffer. The model of the low noise amplifier of the F-band radio frequency board 4b is MTN801(0-105GHz), the model of the mixer is TCD1901(100-105GHz), the model of the frequency multiplier is TCD904, and the model of the voltage-controlled oscillator is SIV018SP 4. K wave band intermediate frequency board 5a and F wave band intermediate frequency board 5b are including consecutive triangle wave generating circuit, filtering module and amplifier circuit, triangle wave circuit, filtering module and amplifier circuit adopt the design of aluminium designer, amplifier circuit is ADA4857-2 operational amplifier. The filtering module realizes LC band-pass filtering by designing a combined resistor and a capacitor inductor.
Step S3: install 2K wave band antennas 2a and 2F wave band antennas 2b in 1 surperficial recess of casing, specifically include: firstly, silver paste is coated on a groove on the surface of the shell 1, the K-band antenna 2a and the F-band antenna 2b are embedded into the groove, and the baking is carried out for 2 hours in the oven at 120 degrees, so that the antennas and the groove are ensured to be tightly connected.
The K-band antenna 2a and the F-band antenna 2b are both single-slit antennas.
Step S4: the K-band radio frequency board 4a and the F-band radio frequency board 4b are installed in the cavity 11 of the shell 1, the K-band radio frequency board 4a is connected with the K-band antenna 2a through a glass insulator 61 and a feed pin 62, and the F-band radio frequency board 4b is connected with the K-band antenna 2b through a glass insulator 61 and a feed pin 62.
The K-band radio frequency board 4a is installed inside the K-band radio frequency cavity, and the F-band radio frequency board 4b is installed inside the F-band radio frequency cavity.
Step S5: a pin header connector 121 is respectively adopted in a cavity 11 of the shell 1 to connect a K-band radio frequency board 4a with a K-band intermediate frequency board 5a, and connect an F-band radio frequency board 4b with an F-band intermediate frequency board 5 b;
step S6: a signal processing board 3 is connected to a K-band intermediate frequency board 5a and an F-band intermediate frequency board 5b, respectively, by a shield lead 8, and the signal processing board 3 is connected to a row of pin connectors 31.
Therefore, when a target appears, a target time domain signal is output from the intermediate frequency, the digital signal processing unit converts the received intermediate frequency signal into a frequency domain signal through FFT, and the target distance is determined according to the frequency spectrum.
What has been described above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not for limiting the scope of the present invention, but various changes can be made to the above-mentioned embodiment of the present invention. All the simple and equivalent changes and modifications made according to the claims and the content of the specification of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention. The present invention is not described in detail in the conventional technical content.