CN210513855U - A device for rapid preparation of rock direct tensile specimens - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a device for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample, which belongs to the technical field of rock mechanical tests and comprises a base and an inverted L-shaped bracket, wherein the base and the inverted L-shaped bracket form a basic frame, a slide rail is vertically arranged at the inner side of the basic frame, a slide block matched with the slide rail is arranged on the slide rail, a rotary pull-down mechanism is connected on the slide block through a first connecting piece, and a steel sleeve is arranged below the rotary pull-down mechanism; the base is sequentially provided with a horizontal adjusting platform, an inclined adjusting platform and an electromagnetic chuck A, the electromagnetic chuck A adsorbs a steel sleeve, and the direct rock tensile sample comprises a rock rod, steel pipes sleeved at two ends of the rock rod and plastic buckle covers respectively positioned at two ends of the steel pipes. The utility model discloses can adopt rotatory pull-down mode to prepare out the direct tensile sample of the glued type rock of bi-polar steel pipe of high accuracy fast, can effectively get rid of glued inhomogeneous, glued defects such as eccentric, it is convenient to have economy, simple structure, advantages such as flexible operation.

Description

Device for rapidly preparing rock direct tensile sample

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of rock mechanics test technique and specifically relates to a prepare direct tensile sample's of rock device fast.

Background

Tensile strength is an important mechanical parameter of rock, the failure or instability of many rock materials is often caused by local or overall bearing of tensile stress, and the tensile failure of rock mass in actual engineering is also a common failure type. The excavation of underground caverns and roadways can cause the redistribution of surrounding stress, and the tensile stress is easy to occur at the vault or side wall part; due to the existence of free surfaces, tensile stress also often exists near the surface of the artificial slope; dynamic disaster accidents such as roof fall, rock burst and coal and gas outburst occur occasionally during coal mining or roadway excavation, and are often related to the tensile damage of coal strata. Therefore, the tensile strength of the engineering-related rock mass is accurately measured, and the method has important significance for engineering and personnel safety.

At present, the main methods for measuring the tensile strength of the rock comprise a direct stretching method, a Brazilian splitting method, a square plate-to-shaft fracturing method, a disc bending stretching method, a hydraulic fracturing method and the like, and the direct stretching method and the Brazilian splitting method are commonly used. The results obtained from the Brazilian cleavage test sometimes do not obtain enough information for analyzing the problem, and even do not reflect the nature of the problem, which limits the further development and application of the research method. The direct tensile test result is more in line with the actual situation that the rock is tensioned, but the rock sample is more difficult to process and higher in cost; in the sample preparation or test, the influence of human factors is large, the test piece is placed slowly, and the test is not beneficial to carrying out large-batch test; in addition, in the test loading process, due to insufficient sample precision or unreasonable loading, eccentric tension sometimes occurs, and the situation that the tensile force passes through the central shaft of the sample cannot be guaranteed. Therefore, in order to increase the testing speed, improve the testing accuracy and ensure the safety and reliability of the testing process, it is necessary to develop an accurate and fast device and method for preparing a direct rock tensile sample.

Disclosure of Invention

Not enough to prior art, the utility model provides a prepare direct tensile sample's of rock device fast, and the device compact structure, easy operation can prepare the direct tensile sample of rock fast, and preparation efficiency is high.

The utility model adopts the following technical scheme:

a device for rapidly preparing a steel tube cohesive rock direct tensile sample comprises a base and an inverted L-shaped support, wherein the base and the inverted L-shaped support form a basic frame, a slide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side of the basic frame, a slide block matched with the slide rail is arranged on the slide rail, a rotary pull-down mechanism is connected onto the slide block through a first connecting piece, a steel sleeve is arranged below the rotary pull-down mechanism, a rock bar can be rotated into a steel tube filled with a proper amount of cementing agent through the rotary pull-down mechanism, and the other end of the steel tube is blocked by a plastic buckle cover to prevent the outflow of a glue solution;

install level (l) ing platform, slope adjustment platform and electromagnet A on the base in proper order, an absorption steel bushing on the electromagnet A, the steel bushing is used for placing the direct tensile sample of rock, the direct tensile sample of rock includes the rock bar, the cover establishes the steel pipe at rock bar both ends and lies in the plastics buckle closure at steel pipe both ends respectively, and the direct tensile sample of rock promptly includes 1 rock bar, 2 steel pipes and 2 plastics buckle closures, between rock bar and the steel pipe to and all bond together through the cementing agent between rock bar and the plastics buckle closure, the rock bar of here should adopt the high accuracy to get the core drilling machine and make, and the part that bonds in the steel pipe is glued centre gripping end, and middle free section is experimental part.

Preferably, the rotary pull-down mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a bearing, a rotating shaft and a pull-down handle, the bearing seat is connected with the sliding block through a first connecting piece and can move up and down along the sliding rail along with the sliding block, the first connecting piece comprises a vertical connecting plate and a horizontal connecting plate, the vertical connecting plate is fixed on the side edge of the sliding block through a bolt, the bearing seat is fixed on the horizontal connecting plate through a bolt, a through hole is formed in the middle of the horizontal connecting plate, the bearing is installed on the bearing seat, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole;

a rotary table is fixed above the rotating shaft, a second connecting piece is arranged below the rotating shaft, and the second connecting piece is connected with the steel sleeve through a bolt;

preferably, the pull-down handles are arranged on two sides of the bearing seat and used for moving up and down manually.

Preferably, the steel sleeve plays a role in placing the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe combination, the steel sleeve does not need to be too high, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover, and the inner diameter of the plastic buckle cover is matched with the outer diameter of the steel pipe; when the rock is prefabricated to directly stretch the sample, a proper amount of liquid cementing agent is injected into the steel pipe in advance, and the lower end of the steel pipe is sealed by a plastic cover.

The thickness of the plastic buckle cover is not suitable to be thicker, preferably 0.5-1mm, otherwise, the adsorption force of the electromagnetic chuck on the steel pipe is greatly reduced.

Preferably, the base is made of aluminum alloy, a plurality of rows of fixing grooves for fixing the horizontal adjusting platform are formed in the base, the fixing grooves are grooves, the structural size of the fixing grooves is matched with a threaded hole in the horizontal adjusting platform, square nuts are placed in the grooves, so that the horizontal adjusting platform is fastened on the base through bolts, the inclined adjusting platform is connected with the horizontal adjusting platform through bolts, and the electromagnetic chuck A is connected with the inclined adjusting platform through bolts;

preferably, the horizontal adjusting platform is a linear ball type XY axis sliding table, preferably a XYMD100 model manufactured by coiling Industrial (Dalian) limited company, and has the functions of left-right and front-back adjustment, the technical parameters are that the horizontal adjusting platform is made of SUS440C, the size of the table top is 100 x 100mm, the stroke is +/-12.5 mm, the weight of the body is 2.6kg, and the surface of the sliding table is processed by electroless nickel plating;

the utility model discloses a tilt adjusting platform, including tilt adjusting platform, platform surface, the tilt adjusting platform is ball type tilt platform, preferably has set up industry (big company) limited company production, model TST125, be bolted connection between horizontal adjusting platform and the tilt adjusting platform, has the function of adjusting the dip angle from top to bottom, and its technical parameter does, and the material is the aluminum alloy, and the mesa size is 125mm, and the travel range is 2, and body weight 1kg, slip table. (the types of the horizontal adjusting platform, the inclined adjusting platform and the electromagnetic chuck in the application are all produced by Pan-start industry (Dalian) Limited company, and the relevant types are not searched from the Internet, and the inventor is asked to confirm whether the types are correct, thanks!)

Preferably, a rotating disc rocker is arranged at the edge of the rotating disc.

Further preferably, for rotatory pull-down mechanism is convenient for berth and places, can be at the fixed electromagnet B that is provided with in the upper bracket bottom of the type of falling L support, be at a fixed top electromagnet B in type of falling L support base relevant position promptly, be provided with the rotary disk mounting on the rotary disk, the rotary disk mounting is the metal material for adsorb on electromagnet B, this electromagnet B has switch function equally, when carrying out adjusting device and idle, the accessible adsorbs the rotary disk mounting, will rotate pull-down mechanism and fix in the upper end.

Preferably, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the rock rod, when one end of the rock rod is bonded with the steel pipe for the first time, the other end of the rock rod needs to be inserted into the steel sleeve for fixing, the rock rod is carried by the steel sleeve to rotate and enter the steel pipe for uniform cementation, a soft cushion with large friction force is arranged in the steel sleeve, the static friction coefficient between the soft cushion and the rock rod is preferably larger than or equal to 0.6, the rock rod and the steel sleeve are ensured to be tightly coupled, namely the rock rod is ensured not to be separated and can bear torque with a certain numerical value, the torsion is preferably about 20-30N, at the moment, the steel sleeve can be ensured to drive the rock rod to rotate, and the rock rod is beneficial to;

the cushion is preferably a rubber pad.

After one end of a rock bar is bonded with a steel pipe, a single-end bonding sample is obtained, the magnetic force of an electromagnetic chuck A is closed, a rotary pull-down mechanism is lifted, the single-end bonding sample is taken down from a steel sleeve, a batch of single-end bonding samples can be prefabricated in advance for accelerating the sample preparation speed, then the steel sleeve is taken down, an electromagnetic chuck C is fixed at the position of the original steel sleeve by using a fixed electromagnetic chuck C, the electromagnetic chuck C is fixed on a second connecting piece by using bolts, then the single-end bonding sample is reversely adsorbed on the electromagnetic chuck C, a horizontal adjusting platform and an inclined adjusting platform below the electromagnetic chuck C are adjusted, the steel pipes at two ends are re-centered, finally, the rotary pull-down action is repeated, the other end of the rock bar.

Further preferably, another mode can be adopted, namely the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is large enough and larger than the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover, preferably 1.3-1.4 times of the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover, an annular rubber air bag can be arranged in the steel sleeve, the rubber air bag is connected with an inflating device, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is changed in an inflating and deflating mode, a rock rod can be fixed when the inner diameter is small, a sample (the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe) can be bonded at one end of the steel sleeve which can be inverted when the inner diameter is large, namely the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe are coupled with the steel sleeve after the diameter is reduced, and the steel sleeve can be ensured not to be separated and.

The utility model discloses a device of quick preparation rock direct tensile sample prepares tensile sample's method, including following step:

(1) drilling a rock core, and performing finish machining on the rock core to prepare a rock rod for later use;

(2) selecting a steel sleeve, a plastic buckle cover, a steel pipe, a steel sleeve and a rubber pad which are matched according to the diameter of the rock rod;

(3) placing a steel sleeve in the center of the horizontal adjusting platform, adsorbing and fixing the steel sleeve through an electromagnetic chuck A, and sequentially placing a plastic buckle cover and a steel pipe on the steel sleeve;

(4) bolting the steel sleeve to the second connector;

(5) adsorbing the whole rotary pull-down mechanism on an electromagnetic chuck B, and then inserting one end of a rock rod into a steel sleeve and fixing the rock rod through a rubber pad;

(6) manually pulling down and rotating the pull-down mechanism through the pull-down handle to enable the other end of the rock rod to be close to the steel pipe, adjusting the front and back and left and right positions of the steel pipe through adjusting the horizontal adjusting platform, adjusting the inclination angle of the steel pipe through adjusting the inclined adjusting platform, ensuring that the central axis of the rock rod is coincided with the central line of the steel pipe, and if the precision requirement is high, installing a laser centering instrument at the inner bottom of the steel sleeve and installing a level instrument on the inclined adjusting platform to perform precise control;

(7) injecting a proper amount of cementing agent into the steel pipe, wherein the injection amount is the volume of the inner hole of the steel pipe minus the volume of a rock rod in the steel pipe, the cementing agent is preferably a mining anchoring agent or other resin liquid glue solution, then holding a pull-down handle with one hand, rotating a rotating disc rocker with the other hand, pulling down while rotating, waiting for 8-10 s when the rock rod enters the steel pipe and contacts a plastic buckle cover, cementing the rock rod in the steel pipe, closing an electromagnetic chuck A, and taking down a single-end cementing sample;

(8) placing a new plastic buckle cover and a new steel pipe, and repeating the step (7) to prepare a batch of single-end bonding samples;

(9) and (3) taking down the steel sleeve, replacing the steel sleeve with another electromagnetic chuck C, connecting the steel sleeve to a second connecting piece through a bolt, inverting the single-end bonding sample, adsorbing the steel pipe on the electromagnetic chuck C, placing a new plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe on the steel sleeve, repeating the step (7), and cementing the other end of the rock bar in the steel pipe to prepare a double-end bonding sample, namely the rock direct tensile sample.

The utility model discloses a device of direct tensile sample of quick preparation rock prepares another kind of method of tensile sample, including following step:

A. drilling a rock core, and performing finish machining on the rock core to prepare a rock rod for later use;

B. selecting a steel sleeve, a plastic buckle cover, a steel pipe, a steel sleeve and a rubber air bag which are matched according to the diameter of the rock rod;

C. placing a steel sleeve in the center of the horizontal adjusting platform, adsorbing and fixing the steel sleeve through an electromagnetic chuck A, and sequentially placing a plastic buckle cover and a steel pipe on the steel sleeve;

D. bolting the steel sleeve to the second connector;

E. adsorbing the whole rotary pull-down mechanism on an electromagnetic chuck B, then inserting one end of a rock rod into the steel sleeve, and fixing the steel sleeve by ventilating the rubber air bag;

F. manually pulling down and rotating the pull-down mechanism through the pull-down handle to enable the other end of the rock rod to be close to the steel pipe, adjusting the front and back and left and right positions of the steel pipe through adjusting the horizontal adjusting platform, adjusting the inclination angle of the steel pipe through adjusting the inclined adjusting platform, ensuring that the central axis of the rock rod is coincided with the central line of the steel pipe, and if the precision requirement is high, installing a laser centering instrument at the inner bottom of the steel sleeve and installing a level instrument on the inclined adjusting platform to perform precise control;

G. injecting a proper amount of cementing agent into the steel pipe, wherein the injection amount is the volume of an inner hole of the steel pipe minus the volume of a rock rod in the steel pipe, the cementing agent is preferably a mining anchoring agent or other resin liquid glue solution, the setting time of the glue solution is preferably 8-10 seconds, then holding a pull-down handle with one hand, rotating a rotating disc rocker with the other hand, pulling down while rotating, waiting for 8-10 seconds when the rock rod enters the steel pipe and contacts a plastic buckle cover, cementing the rock rod in the steel pipe, closing an electromagnetic chuck A, and taking down a single-end cementing sample;

H. placing a new plastic buckle cover and a new steel pipe, and repeating the step G to prepare a batch of single-end bonding samples;

I. if the selected steel sleeve internal diameter is big enough, can fix annular rubber gasbag in inside, utilize the form of aerifing and gassing to change the steel sleeve internal diameter, the rock rod can be fixed to the internal diameter hour, when the internal diameter grow, can fix the single-ended bonding sample of inverting, specifically do: inverting the single-end bonding sample, discharging gas of the rubber air bag, inserting the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe into the steel sleeve, fixing the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe by ventilating the rubber air bag, placing a new plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe on the steel sleeve, repeating the step G, cementing the other end of the rock rod into the steel pipe, and preparing a double-end bonding sample, namely the direct rock tensile sample.

After step (9) and step I above, the rock direct tensile specimen has been prepared, and the tensile test can be continued as follows:

(10) marking a rock direct tensile sample, and preparing a universal testing machine according to the prior art;

the two rock bar tensile and pressure-bearing switching mechanisms are respectively clamped by a universal tester wedge-shaped clamp, in order to ensure that the axial tension of the tester passes through the central line of a sample, the rock bar tensile and pressure-bearing switching mechanisms are provided with universal joints, and the rock bar tensile and pressure-bearing switching mechanisms can be in close contact with the universal tester wedge-shaped clamp through locking nuts;

(11) the height of a movable cross beam of the testing machine is adjusted so as to place the rock direct tensile sample prepared by the device, a concave groove for placing the rock direct tensile sample is arranged on the inner side of the rock bar tensile pressure-bearing adapter mechanism, and the inner diameter of the concave groove is coupled with the outer diameter of the steel pipe;

(12) setting test parameters, carrying out a rock bar tensile test, processing test data, obtaining an axial stress-strain curve of the rock direct tensile sample, and calculating the tensile strength of the rock.

The utility model discloses in, electromagnet A, electromagnet B and electromagnet C are preferably square electromagnet, and square electromagnet can be standard type magnetism seat, for example: the disk industry (Dalian) limited company, model MBSD125, the technical parameters are that the material is aluminum alloy, the size OF the table top is 125 x 20mm, the adsorption force is 980N, the weight OF the body is 2.8kg, the surface OF the sliding table is subjected to black anodic oxidation treatment and can be controlled by a switch, the dial side OF the knob to the 'ON' side is magnetic, and the dial side to the 'OF' side is non-magnetic, so that steel sleeves with different sizes can be placed and replaced.

It is noted that both ends of the rock direct tensile sample of the present application are cemented, and generally, the rock tensile strength is low and lower than the cemented strength, so that the rock direct tensile sample is pulled apart in the middle when the tensile test is performed.

The utility model discloses in, utilize universal tester to carry out tensile test to the direct tensile sample of rock technique be prior art, the part of not detailing, all can refer to prior art.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1) the utility model discloses a prepare direct tensile sample's of rock device fast, compact structure, it is easy and simple to handle, adjust and control through many platforms, adopt rotatory pull-down mode can produce the higher direct tensile sample of rock of precision fast, can effectively avoid glued inhomogeneous, the rock rod is difficult to the problem of centering with the steel pipe, and can prepare in batches, and preparation efficiency is high.

2) The utility model discloses a prepare the direct tensile sample of rock that the device of the direct tensile sample of rock prepared fast comprises 1 rock rod, 2 steel pipes and 2 plastics buckle closure, and the rock rod accessible is got the core drilling machine and is acquireed, and the long seamless shaped steel pipe of steel pipe accessible cutting acquires, and the plastics buckle closure has many sales on the market, and the low price, so the direct tensile sample of rock through this kind of method preparation has economic benefits, will promote the direct tensile method greatly and survey the detection application of rock tensile strength.

3) The utility model discloses the direct tensile sample of rock of preparation can adopt comparatively popular universal tester to carry out the test of rock tensile strength, and test method is simple, and single test cost is lower, and furthest facilitates for teaching and scientific research.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the apparatus for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a front view of one configuration of the apparatus for rapid preparation of direct tensile test specimens of rock of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a side view of one configuration of the apparatus for rapid preparation of direct tensile rock samples of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a rock direct tension sample according to the present invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a plastic buckle cover;

fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the leveling platform of the present invention;

fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the tilt adjusting platform of the present invention;

fig. 8 is a schematic structural view of the electromagnetic chuck a, the electromagnetic chuck B, or the electromagnetic chuck C of the present invention;

fig. 9 is a schematic structural view of a first connecting member according to the present invention;

fig. 10 is a schematic structural view of a bearing seat and a bearing according to the present invention;

FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the fit between the bearing and the gear reducer;

FIG. 12 is a schematic structural view of a rock rod tension pressure-bearing adapter mechanism;

FIG. 13 is a schematic view of the installation structure of a rock direct tension sample;

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a test of a rock direct tensile specimen;

FIG. 15 is a stress-strain diagram of one of the rock direct tensile specimens;

in the figure, 1-base, 2-inverted L-shaped bracket, 3-sliding rail, 4-sliding block, 5-horizontal adjusting platform, 6-inclined adjusting platform, 7-electromagnetic chuck A, 8-steel sleeve, 9-plastic buckle cover, 10-steel pipe, 11-rock rod, 12-steel sleeve, 13-second connecting piece, 14-first connecting piece, 15-bearing seat, 16-bearing, 17-rotating shaft, 18-rotating disk, 19-rotating disk fixing piece, 20-horizontal adjusting platform knob, 21-inclined adjusting platform knob, 22-electromagnetic chuck switch, 23-pull-down handle, 24-rotating disk rocker, 25-electromagnetic chuck B, 100-rock rod tensile bearing mechanism, 101-lock nut, 102-universal joint, 200-universal tester, 201-universal tester wedge fixture, 202-movable beam, 300-gear reducer.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

in order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following detailed description will be made with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but not limited thereto, and the present invention is not described in detail, and is in accordance with the conventional techniques in the art.

Example 1:

a device for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample comprises a base 1 and an inverted L-shaped support 2, wherein the base 1 and the inverted L-shaped support 2 form a basic frame, a slide rail 3 is vertically arranged on the inner side of the basic frame, a slide block 4 matched with the slide rail 3 is arranged on the slide rail 3, the slide block 4 is connected with a rotary pull-down mechanism through a first connecting piece 14, a steel sleeve 12 is arranged below the rotary pull-down mechanism, a rock rod 11 can be rotated into a steel pipe 10 filled with a proper amount of cementing agent through the rotary pull-down mechanism, and the other end of the steel pipe 10 is blocked by a plastic buckle cover 9 to prevent the outflow of the cementing agent;

install horizontal adjustment platform 5 on the base 1 in proper order, slope adjustment platform 6 and electromagnet A7, adsorb a steel bushing 8 on the electromagnet A7, steel bushing 8 is used for placing the direct tensile sample of rock, as shown in fig. 4, the direct tensile sample of rock includes the rock rod 11, the steel pipe 10 of cover at rock rod 11 both ends and the plastics buckle closure 9 that is located the steel pipe 10 both ends respectively, the direct tensile sample of rock includes 1 rock rod promptly, 2 steel pipe and 2 plastics buckle closures, between rock rod 11 and the steel pipe 10, and all bond together through the cementing agent between rock rod 11 and the plastics buckle closure 9, rock rod 11 here should adopt the high accuracy core drill to make, the part that bonds in steel pipe 10 is the cementing clamping end, middle free segment is the test part.

Example 2:

a device for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample is structurally shown in embodiment 1, and is different in that a rotary pull-down mechanism comprises a bearing seat 15, a bearing 16, a rotating shaft 17 and a pull-down handle 23, as shown in figures 9-10, the bearing seat 15 is connected with a sliding block 4 through a first connecting piece 14 and can move up and down along a sliding rail 3 along with the sliding block 4, specifically, the first connecting piece 14 comprises a vertical connecting plate and a horizontal connecting plate, the vertical connecting plate is fixed on the side edge of the sliding block 4 through a bolt, the bearing seat 15 is fixed on the horizontal connecting plate through the bolt, a through hole is formed in the middle of the horizontal connecting plate, the bearing 16 is installed on the bearing seat 15, and the rotating shaft 17 penetrates through the;

a rotary table 18 is fixed above the rotary shaft 17, a second connecting piece 13 is arranged below the rotary shaft 17, and the second connecting piece 13 is connected with the steel sleeve 12 through a bolt;

the pull-down handles 23 are arranged on both sides of the bearing seat and used for manual up-and-down movement.

The second connecting member 14 is structured as shown in fig. 9, and the bearing housing 15 and the bearing 16 are structured as shown in fig. 10, in this embodiment, the rotation of the rotating shaft 17 needs to be controlled manually, in another embodiment, if automatic control is adopted, as shown in fig. 11, a gear reducer 300 can be added to the bearing housing 15, and the rotation of the rotating shaft 17 can be controlled electrically.

Example 3:

a device for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample is structurally shown in an embodiment 1, and is different in that a steel sleeve 8 plays a role in placing a combination of a plastic buckle cover 9 and a steel pipe 10, wherein the steel sleeve 8 and the plastic buckle cover 9 are similar in appearance, the shapes of the steel sleeve 8 and the plastic buckle cover 9 are shown in figures 4 and 5, the steel sleeve 10 is not too high, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve 10 is matched with the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover 9, and the inner diameter of the plastic buckle cover 9 is matched with the outer diameter of the steel pipe 10; because when the rock is prefabricated and a sample is directly stretched, a proper amount of liquid cementing agent is injected into the steel pipe 10 in advance, and the lower end of the steel pipe is sealed by the plastic buckle cover 9, the aim is to bond the rock rod 11 into the steel pipe 10 sealed by the plastic buckle cover 9, so that the economic cost can be saved, because the steel pipe 10 can be cut by a standard steel pipe (a section steel part), and then the plastic buckle cover 9 with low price is covered, the cost is far lower than that of a steel sleeve with fine machining.

In this embodiment, the diameter D1 of the rock rod 11 is 30mm, the cementing thickness D is 2mm, the inner diameter D2 of the steel pipe 10 is 32mm, the outer diameter D3 is 40mm, the thickness of the pipe wall of the steel pipe 10 is preferably controlled to be about 3-6mm, the thickness of the steel pipe is determined according to the diameter and lithology of the rock rod 11, the plastic buckle cover 9 is made of soft plastic, the thickness is about 0.5-1mm, the inner diameter is consistent with the outer diameter D3 of the thick steel pipe 10, the plastic buckle cover 9 is not suitable to be thick, and otherwise, the adsorption force of the square powerful electromagnetic chuck 7 on the thick steel pipe 10 is greatly reduced.

Example 4:

a device for rapidly preparing a rock direct tensile sample is structurally shown in embodiment 1, and is different in that a base 1 is made of aluminum alloy, a plurality of rows of fixing grooves for fixing a horizontal adjusting platform are formed in the base 1, the fixing grooves are grooves, the structural size of the fixing grooves is matched with threaded holes in the horizontal adjusting platform 5, square nuts are placed in the grooves, the horizontal adjusting platform 5 is fastened on the base 1 through bolts, an inclined adjusting platform 6 is connected with the horizontal adjusting platform 5 through bolts, and an electromagnetic chuck A7 is connected with the inclined adjusting platform 6 through bolts;

the horizontal adjusting platform 5 is a linear ball type XY axis sliding platform, preferably a XYMD shaft sliding platform manufactured by the coiling industry (Dalian) limited company, the model XYMD100, has the functions of left-right and front-back adjustment, and has the technical parameters that the material is SUS440C, the size of the table top is 100mm, the stroke is +/-12.5 mm, the weight of the body is 2.6kg, the surface of the sliding platform is processed by electroless nickel plating, and as shown in figure 6, the front surface and the side surface of the sliding platform are respectively provided with a horizontal adjusting platform knob 20;

the inclination adjusting platform 6 is a ball type inclination platform, preferably produced by the coiling industry (Dalian) limited company, model TST125, the horizontal adjusting platform 5 is connected with the inclination adjusting platform 6 through bolts, and has the function of adjusting the vertical inclination angle, the technical parameters are that the inclination adjusting platform is made of aluminum alloy, the size of the platform surface is 125 x 125mm, the moving stroke is +/-2 degrees, the weight of the body is 1kg, the surface of the sliding table is treated by black anodic oxidation, the corresponding inclination adjusting platform on the horizontal adjusting platform 5 is provided with an inclination adjusting platform knob 21 respectively at two opposite angles, and the inclination adjusting platform has the function of adjusting the vertical inclination angle as shown in figure 7.

Example 5:

the structure of the device for rapidly preparing the rock direct tensile sample is shown in the embodiment 2, except that a rotary disk rocker 24 is arranged at the edge of a rotary disk 18.

Example 6:

the utility model provides a device of direct tensile sample of quick preparation rock, the structure is shown in embodiment 5, the difference is, in order to rotate pull-down mechanism and be convenient for berth and place, can be at the fixed electromagnetic chuck B25 that is provided with in the upper bracket bottom of type of falling L support 2, be at the fixed top electromagnetic chuck B of type of falling L support 2 base relevant position promptly, be provided with rotary disk mounting 19 on the rotary disk 18, rotary disk mounting 19 is the metal material and its up end is a plane, be used for adsorbing on electromagnetic chuck B25, this electromagnetic chuck B25 has switch function equally, when carrying out adjusting device and idle, the accessible adsorbs rotary disk mounting 19, it fixes rotatory pull-down mechanism in the upper end.

Example 7:

a device for rapidly preparing a direct tensile sample of a rock is structurally shown in an embodiment 6, and is different from the structure that as shown in a figure 5, the inner diameter of a steel sleeve 12 is larger than the outer diameter of a rock rod 11, when one end of the rock rod 11 is bonded with a steel pipe 10 for the first time, the other end of the rock rod 11 needs to be inserted into the steel sleeve 12 for fixing, the rock rod 11 is rotated by the steel sleeve 12 to enter the steel pipe 10 for uniform cementation, a soft cushion with high friction force is arranged in the steel sleeve 12, the static friction coefficient between the soft cushion and the rock rod is preferably larger than or equal to 0.6, the rock rod 11 is ensured to be tightly coupled with the steel sleeve 12, namely, the rock rod 11 is ensured not to be separated and can bear the torque of a certain value, the torque force is preferably about 20-30N, at the moment, the steel sleeve 12 can be ensured to drive the rock rod 11;

the soft cushion is a rubber cushion.

After one end of a rock bar 11 is bonded with a steel pipe 10, a single-end bonding sample is obtained, the magnetic force of an electromagnetic chuck A7 is closed, a rotary pull-down mechanism is lifted, the single-end bonding sample is taken down from a steel sleeve 12, a batch of single-end bonding samples can be prefabricated in advance, then the steel sleeve 12 is taken down, an electromagnetic chuck C (not shown in the figure) is fixed at the position of the original steel sleeve 12 through a bolt, the electromagnetic chuck C is fixed on a second connecting piece 13 through the bolt, the single-end bonding sample is inverted and adsorbed on the electromagnetic chuck C, a horizontal adjusting platform 5 and an inclined adjusting platform 6 below the electromagnetic chuck C are adjusted, the steel pipes 10 at two ends are re-centered, finally, the rotary pull-down action is repeated, the other end of the rock bar 11 is cemented in the steel pipe 10.

Example 8:

the structure of the device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of the rock is shown in embodiment 6, and is different from that of the device, another mode can be adopted, namely the inner diameter of a steel sleeve 12 is large enough and is 1.3-1.4 times of the outer diameter of a plastic buckle cover 9, an annular rubber air bag (not shown) is arranged in the steel sleeve 12, the rubber air bag is connected with an inflating device, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve 12 is changed through the inflating and deflating mode of the inflating device, a rock rod 11 can be fixed when the inner diameter is small, and a single end of the sample (the plastic buckle cover 9 and a steel pipe 10) can be bonded in an inverted mode when the inner diameter is large, namely the plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 are coupled with the steel sleeve 12 after diameter change, so that the sample cannot.

Example 9:

a method for preparing a tensile sample by a device for rapidly preparing a direct rock tensile sample comprises the following steps:

(1) drilling a rock core, and performing finish machining on the rock core to prepare a rock rod 11 for later use;

(2) according to the diameter of a rock rod 11, selecting a steel sleeve 8, a plastic buckle cover 9, a steel pipe 10, a steel sleeve 12 and a rubber pad which are matched;

(3) the steel sleeve 8 is placed in the center of the horizontal adjusting platform 5, is fixedly adsorbed through an electromagnetic chuck A7, and the plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 are sequentially placed on the steel sleeve 8;

(4) bolting the steel sleeve 12 to the second connector 13;

(5) the whole rotary pull-down mechanism is adsorbed on an electromagnetic chuck B25, and then one end of a rock rod 11 is inserted into a steel sleeve 12 and fixed through a rubber pad;

(6) manually pulling down and rotating the pull-down mechanism through the pull-down handle 23 to enable the other end of the rock rod 11 to be close to the steel pipe 10, adjusting the front and back and left and right positions of the steel pipe through the adjusting horizontal adjusting platform 5, adjusting the inclination angle of the steel pipe through the adjusting inclined adjusting platform 6 to ensure that the central axis of the rock rod 11 is coincident with the central line of the steel pipe, and if the precision requirement is high, installing a laser centering instrument at the inner bottom of the steel sleeve 12 and installing a level instrument on the inclined adjusting platform 6 to perform precise control;

(7) injecting a proper amount of cementing agent into the steel pipe 10, wherein the injection amount is the volume of an inner hole of the steel pipe 10 minus the volume of a rock rod 11 in the steel pipe, the cementing agent is a mining anchoring agent, the setting time of glue solution is preferably 8-10 seconds, then holding a pull-down handle 23 with one hand, rotating a rotating disc rocker 24 with the other hand, pulling down while rotating, when the rock rod 11 enters the steel pipe 10 and contacts a plastic buckle cover, waiting for 8-10 seconds, cementing the rock rod 11 in the steel pipe 10, closing an electromagnetic chuck A through an electromagnetic chuck switch 22 as shown in figure 8, and taking down a single-end bonding sample;

(8) placing a new plastic buckle cover 9 and a new steel pipe 10, and repeating the step (7) to prepare a batch of single-end bonding samples;

(9) the steel sleeve 12 is taken down and replaced by another electromagnetic chuck C, the electromagnetic chuck C is connected to the second connecting piece 13 through bolts, the second connecting piece 13 is of a disc structure, the steel sleeve 12 can be connected through the bolts, the electromagnetic chuck C can also be connected through the bolts, the single-end bonding sample is inverted, the steel pipe 10 is adsorbed to the electromagnetic chuck C, a new plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 are placed on the steel sleeve 8, the step (7) is repeated, the other end of the rock bar is cemented in the steel pipe 10, the double-end bonding sample is manufactured, and the rock direct tensile sample is the rock direct tensile sample.

Example 10:

a method for preparing a tensile sample by a device for rapidly preparing a direct rock tensile sample comprises the following steps:

A. drilling a rock core, and performing finish machining on the rock core to prepare a rock rod 11 for later use;

B. according to the diameter of a rock rod 11, selecting a steel sleeve 8, a plastic buckle cover 9, a steel pipe 10, a steel sleeve 12 and a rubber air bag which are matched;

C. the steel sleeve 8 is placed in the center of the horizontal adjusting platform, is fixedly adsorbed through an electromagnetic chuck A7, and the plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 are sequentially placed on the steel sleeve 8;

D. bolting the steel sleeve 12 to the second connector 13;

E. adsorbing the whole rotary pull-down mechanism on an electromagnetic chuck B25, then inserting one end of a rock rod 11 into the steel sleeve 12, and fixing the steel sleeve 12 by ventilating the rubber air bag;

F. manually pulling down and rotating the pull-down mechanism through the pull-down handle 23 to enable the other end of the rock rod 11 to be close to the steel pipe 10, adjusting the front and back and left and right positions of the steel pipe through the adjusting horizontal adjusting platform 5, adjusting the inclination angle of the steel pipe 10 through the adjusting inclined adjusting platform 6 to ensure that the central axis of the rock rod 11 is coincided with the central line of the steel pipe 10, and if the precision requirement is high, installing a laser centering instrument at the inner bottom of the steel sleeve 12 and installing a level instrument on the inclined adjusting platform 6 to perform precise control;

G. injecting a proper amount of cementing agent into the steel pipe 10, wherein the injection amount is the volume of an inner hole of the steel pipe 10 minus the volume of a rock rod 11 in the steel pipe, the cementing agent is a mining anchoring agent, the setting time of glue solution is preferably 8-10 seconds, then holding a pull-down handle 23 with one hand, rotating a rotating disc rocker 24 with the other hand, pulling down while rotating, waiting for 8-10 seconds when the rock rod 11 enters the steel pipe 10 and contacts a plastic buckle cover 9, cementing the rock rod 11 in the steel pipe 10, closing an electromagnetic chuck A7, and taking down a single-end cementing sample;

H. placing a new plastic buckle cover 9 and a new steel pipe 10, and repeating the step G to prepare a batch of single-end bonding samples;

I. if the inner diameter of the selected steel sleeve 12 is large enough, an annular rubber air bag is fixed in the steel sleeve, the inner diameter of the steel sleeve 12 is changed by utilizing the inflating and deflating mode of an inflating device, the rock rod 11 can be fixed when the inner diameter is small, and an inverted single-end bonding sample can be fixed when the inner diameter is enlarged, specifically: inverting the single-end bonding sample, discharging gas of the rubber air bag, inserting the plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 into the steel sleeve 12, fixing the plastic buckle cover 9 and the steel pipe 10 by ventilating the rubber air bag, placing a new plastic buckle cover 9 and a new steel pipe 10 on the steel sleeve 8, repeating the step G, and cementing the other end of the rock bar 11 into the steel pipe 10 to prepare a double-end bonding sample, namely the rock direct tensile sample.

After step (9) and step I above, the rock direct tensile specimen has been prepared, and the tensile test can be continued as follows:

(10) marking a rock direct tensile sample, and preparing the universal testing machine 200 according to the prior art, as shown in fig. 12-14;

the two rock rod tensile pressure-bearing adapter mechanisms 100 are respectively clamped by a universal tester wedge-shaped clamp 201, in order to ensure that the axial tension of the tester passes through the central line of a sample, the rock rod tensile pressure-bearing adapter mechanisms 100 are provided with universal joints 102, and the rock rod tensile pressure-bearing adapter mechanisms 100 can be tightly contacted with the universal tester wedge-shaped clamp 201 through locking nuts 101;

(11) the height of a movable cross beam 202 of the testing machine is adjusted so as to place a rock direct tensile sample prepared by the device, a concave groove for placing the rock direct tensile sample is arranged on the inner side of the rock rod tensile pressure-bearing adapter mechanism 100, and the inner diameter of the concave groove is coupled with the outer diameter of a steel pipe;

(12) setting test parameters, performing a rock bar tensile test, processing test data, obtaining an axial stress-strain curve of a rock direct tensile sample, and calculating the tensile strength of the rock for the stress-strain curve of one rock direct tensile sample as shown in fig. 15.

The utility model discloses in, electromagnet A7, electromagnet B25 and electromagnet C are square electromagnet, as shown in FIG. 8, square electromagnet can be standard type magnetism seat, for example: the disc-lifting industry (Dalian) limited company, model MBSD125, its technical parameters are, the material is the aluminum alloy, mesa size is 125 x 20mm, the adsorption affinity is 980N, body weight is 2.8kg, slip table surface adopts black anodic oxidation to handle, all can use electromagnetic chuck switch 22 control, electromagnetic chuck switch 22 is plectrum formula switch, establish in electromagnetic chuck's one corner, the knob dials to "ON" side has magnetism, dial to "OF" side and do not have magnetism, steel bushing 8 OF different sizes can be adsorbed and changed ON its upper surface.

The foregoing is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, a plurality of improvements and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The device for rapidly preparing the direct rock tensile sample is characterized by comprising a base and an inverted L-shaped support, wherein the base and the inverted L-shaped support form a basic frame, a slide rail is vertically arranged on the inner side of the basic frame, a slide block matched with the slide rail is arranged on the slide rail, a rotary pull-down mechanism is connected to the slide block through a first connecting piece, and a steel sleeve is arranged below the rotary pull-down mechanism;

install level (l) ing platform, slope adjustment platform and electromagnet A on the base in proper order, an absorption steel bushing on the electromagnet A, the steel bushing is used for placing the direct tensile sample of rock, the direct tensile sample of rock includes the rock bar, the cover establishes the steel pipe at rock bar both ends and the plastics buckle closure that is located the steel pipe both ends respectively, all bond together through the cementing agent between rock bar and the steel pipe to and between rock bar and the plastics buckle closure.

2. The device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of the rock according to claim 1, wherein the rotary pull-down mechanism comprises a bearing seat, a bearing, a rotating shaft and a pull-down handle, the bearing seat is connected with the sliding block through a first connecting piece and can move up and down along the sliding rail along with the sliding block, the first connecting piece comprises a vertical connecting plate and a horizontal connecting plate, the vertical connecting plate is fixed on the side edge of the sliding block, the horizontal connecting plate is fixedly connected with the bearing seat, the middle part of the horizontal connecting plate is provided with a through hole, the bearing is arranged on the bearing seat, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole and is fixedly.

3. The device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of rock according to claim 2, wherein a rotary table is fixed above the rotary shaft, a second connecting piece is arranged below the rotary shaft and connected with the steel sleeve through a bolt, and the pull-down handles are arranged on two sides of the bearing seat and can move up and down conveniently.

4. The device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of the rock according to claim 1, wherein the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is matched with the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover, and the inner diameter of the plastic buckle cover is matched with the outer diameter of the steel pipe;

the thickness of the plastic buckle cover is 0.5-1 mm.

5. The apparatus for rapidly preparing a rock direct tension specimen according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of rows of fixing grooves for fixing a horizontal adjusting platform are provided on the base.

6. The device for rapidly preparing the rock direct tension sample according to claim 5, wherein the horizontal adjusting platform is a linear ball type XY axis sliding table, the inclined adjusting platform is a ball type inclined platform, and the horizontal adjusting platform and the inclined adjusting platform are connected through a bolt.

7. The device for rapidly preparing the rock direct tension sample according to claim 3, wherein a rotating disc rocker is arranged at the edge of the rotating disc.

8. The device for rapidly preparing the rock direct tension sample according to claim 7, wherein the electromagnetic chuck B is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the upper bracket of the inverted L-shaped bracket, the rotating disk is provided with a rotating disk fixing piece, and the rotating disk fixing piece is made of metal and is used for being adsorbed on the electromagnetic chuck B.

9. The device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of the rock according to claim 8, wherein the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is larger than the outer diameter of the rock rod, a soft cushion is arranged in the steel sleeve, and the static friction coefficient between the soft cushion and the rock rod is more than or equal to 0.6;

the soft pad is a rubber pad.

10. The device for rapidly preparing the direct tensile sample of the rock according to claim 8, wherein the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is 1.3 to 1.4 times of the outer diameter of the plastic buckle cover, an annular rubber air bag is arranged in the steel sleeve, the rubber air bag is connected with an inflating device, and the inner diameter of the steel sleeve is changed through inflation and deflation to fix the rock rod or the plastic buckle cover and the steel pipe.

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