CN210441708U

CN210441708U - Heat exchanger

Info

Publication number: CN210441708U
Application number: CN201920314792.8U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许倍强; 卢恩明; 雷伟; 赵鹏; 唐立星; 张慧芳
Original assignee: Himile Mechanical Manufacturing Co Ltd
Current assignee: Himile Mechanical Manufacturing Co Ltd
Priority date: 2019-03-12
Filing date: 2019-03-12
Publication date: 2020-05-01
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-12

Abstract

The utility model provides a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger comprises a shell and a tube pass end socket which are separated from each other; the tube plate comprises a shell pass tube plate and a tube pass tube plate, the shell pass tube plate is positioned at one end, close to the tube pass end socket, of the shell, the tube pass tube plate is positioned at one end, close to the shell, of the tube pass end socket, and the adjacent shell pass tube plate and the adjacent tube pass tube plate are arranged at intervals and have a distance L. The utility model discloses the problem of heat exchanger tube sheet part easy emergence leakage among the prior art has been solved effectively.

Description

Heat exchanger

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a heat exchanger equipment field particularly, relates to a heat exchanger.

Background

The existing connection between tubes and plates is by means of threaded sleeves, in particular for tube plates of heat exchangers operating in corrosive fluid environments. Because the heat exchange tube is corrosion-resistant materials such as silicon carbide ceramics, graphite and the like, and the connecting plate needs at least two layers, because the tube and the connecting plate are independently processed and manufactured, the tube and the connecting plate need to be assembled for use. Structures such as a sealing ring and a threaded sleeve need to be used during assembly, but because corrosive fluid continuously corrodes, the sealing ring of the existing structure leaks in the using process, so that a fault occurs, and fluid on the shell side is polluted.

Meanwhile, because the heat exchange tubes and the shell which form the heat exchanger are made of different materials, the heat expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tubes and the shell are different, and further, in the using process of the heat exchanger with the existing structure, the sealing ring can be abraded, so that the sealing function of the sealing ring is failed.

From the above, the prior art has a problem that the tube plate part of the heat exchanger is easy to leak.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims to provide a heat exchanger to solve the problem that the heat exchanger tube sheet part takes place easily and leaks among the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat exchanger, including: the shell and the tube pass end socket are separated from each other; the tube plate comprises a shell pass tube plate and a tube pass tube plate, the shell pass tube plate is positioned at one end, close to the tube pass end socket, of the shell, the tube pass tube plate is positioned at one end, close to the shell, of the tube pass end socket, and the adjacent shell pass tube plate and the adjacent tube pass tube plate are arranged at intervals and have a distance L.

Furthermore, the number of the tube pass end enclosures is two, the two tube pass end enclosures are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell, tube pass tube plates are arranged on each tube pass end enclosure, and shell pass tube plates are arranged at two ends of the shell.

Further, the spacing L is greater than a length change difference calculated from the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tube and the shell; and/or the distance L is larger than the sum of the deviation value of the heat exchange tube generated in the processing process between the first tube hole of the shell-side tube plate and the second tube hole of the tube-side tube plate and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube is elastically deformed.

Furthermore, the heat exchanger also comprises a plurality of sealing devices, and the sealing devices are arranged at the joints of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchanger and the shell-side tube plate and/or the tube-side tube plate.

Further, the hole wall of the first pipe hole is provided with a first pipe hole expanding section at one side close to the pipe side pipe plate for accommodating the sealing device; and/or the hole wall of the second pipe hole is provided with a second pipe hole expanding section at the side far away from the shell side pipe plate for accommodating the sealing device.

Further, the sealing device comprises a sealing ring and a fixing piece, wherein the sealing ring is arranged in the first pipe hole expanding section and/or the second pipe hole expanding section; at least a portion of the fastener extends into the first bore enlarged section and/or the second bore enlarged section to compress the seal ring.

Further, the first pipe hole reaming section and/or the second pipe hole reaming section are both two-section type hole structures, each two-section type hole structure comprises a first section and a second section, the first section is close to the center of the shell relative to the second section, the aperture of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the sealing ring is located in the first section, and at least one part of the fixing piece extends into the first section to compress the sealing ring.

Further, the fixing member is a threaded sleeve.

Furthermore, a thread-free section is arranged on one end, close to the sealing ring, of the thread sleeve in the circumferential direction, the first section of the hole wall corresponding to the thread-free section is a smooth surface, and the length of the thread-free section is greater than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 5 mm.

Further, the tube plate comprises at least one intermediate tube plate, and the shell-side tube plate and/or one side of the tube-side tube plate close to the center of the shell are/is provided with the intermediate tube plate.

Further, the material of the middle tube plate is different from that of the shell-side tube plate and/or the tube-side tube plate.

Further, the distance from the middle tube plate between the shell-side tube plate and the tube-side tube plate on the same side to the shell-side tube plate on the same side is L2, and L2 is greater than the length change difference calculated according to the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tube and the shell of the heat exchanger; and/or L2 is larger than the sum of the deviation value of the heat exchange tube generated in the processing process between the first tube hole of the shell-side tube plate and the second tube hole of the tube-side tube plate and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube is elastically deformed.

Further, the intermediate tube sheet is made of a metal material.

Further, the heat exchanger still includes: the anti-falling limiting mechanism is provided with a clamping hook structure, the clamping hook structure is connected to the tube side tube plate or a middle tube plate close to the tube side tube plate, and the clamping hook structure extends out towards the shell side tube plate so as to prevent the tube side tube plate from sliding out of the heat exchange tube; the outer peripheral face at shell side tube sheet is fixed to the arch, and the joint section can cooperate with protruding joint.

Further, the heat exchange tube is made of silicon carbide.

By applying the technical scheme of the utility model, the heat exchanger in the application comprises a shell and a tube side end socket which are separated from each other; the tube plates comprise shell-side tube plates and tube-side tube plates, the shell-side tube plates are located at one ends, close to the tube-side end sockets, of the shells, the tube-side tube plates are located at one ends, close to the shells, of the tube-side end sockets, and the adjacent shell-side tube plates and the adjacent tube-side tube plates are arranged at intervals and have intervals L.

When the heat exchanger with the structure is used, the heat exchange tubes in the heat exchanger can be fixed through the shell pass tube plate and the tube pass tube plate respectively. Because the adjacent shell pass tube plates and the tube pass tube plates are arranged at intervals and have the distance L, the damage of a sealing device of the heat exchanger caused by different thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tube and the shell can be effectively prevented, and the tube pass liquid can be prevented from leaking through the tube plates of the heat exchanger, thereby causing pollution to shell pass media.

Drawings

The accompanying drawings, which form a part of the present application, are included to provide a further understanding of the invention, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the invention and together with the description serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:

fig. 1 shows a schematic structural view of a heat exchanger according to a specific embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 shows a side view in the direction A-A of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 with the addition of an intermediate tube sheet;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating the heat exchanger in FIG. 3 with an anti-separation structure and protrusions;

wherein the figures include the following reference numerals:

10. a heat exchanger; 11. a housing; 12. tube side end sealing; 20. a tube sheet; 21. a shell-side tube sheet; 211. a first tube hole; 212. a first tube bore reaming section; 22. a tube side tube plate; 221. a second tube hole; 222. a second tube hole expanding section; 23. a middle tube sheet; 30. a sealing device; 31. a seal ring; 32. a fixing member; 40. an anti-drop limiting mechanism; 50. a protrusion; 60. a heat exchange tube.

Detailed Description

It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with embodiments.

It is noted that, unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

In the present application, where the contrary is not intended, the use of directional words such as "upper, lower, top and bottom" is generally with respect to the orientation shown in the drawings, or with respect to the component itself in the vertical, perpendicular or gravitational direction; likewise, for ease of understanding and description, "inner and outer" refer to the inner and outer relative to the profile of the components themselves, but the above directional words are not intended to limit the invention.

The tube pass refers to the part of the medium which passes through the channel in the heat exchange tube and is communicated with the channel.

The shell pass refers to the part of the medium which passes through the channel outside the heat exchange tube and is communicated with the channel.

In order to solve the problem that the leakage easily occurs to the tube plate part of the heat exchanger in the prior art, the application provides a heat exchanger.

As shown in fig. 1, the heat exchanger 10 includes a shell 11 (or may also be referred to as a cylinder), a tube-side head 12, and a tube sheet located between the shell 11 and the tube-side head 12.

A shell-side connection pipe is arranged on the shell 11, one end of the shell-side connection pipe is connected to the shell 11, and a shell-side connection pipe flange is optionally arranged at the other end of the shell-side connection pipe and is used for being connected with an external pipeline. The shell-side fluid can flow into the interior of the shell 11 via the shell-side connection.

The tube-side end enclosure 12 is provided with a tube-side connecting tube, similar to a shell-side connecting tube, one end of the tube-side connecting tube is connected to the tube-side end enclosure 12, and the other end of the tube-side connecting tube is optionally provided with a tube-side connecting tube flange for connecting with an external pipeline. The tube side fluid can flow into the tube side end cap 12 via the tube side connection piece and further into the heat exchange tube 60 fixed to the tube plate. As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the heat exchanger of the present application includes a shell 11 and a tube-side head 12 which are separated from each other; the tube plate 20 comprises a shell-side tube plate 21 and a tube-side tube plate 22, the shell-side tube plate 21 is located at one end of the shell 11 close to the tube-side end enclosure 12, the tube-side tube plate 22 is located at one end of the tube-side end enclosure 12 close to the shell 11, and the adjacent shell-side tube plate 21 and the adjacent tube-side tube plate 22 are arranged at intervals and have a distance L.

It should be noted that fig. 1 is a partial sectional view showing only one end side (right side) of the heat exchanger 10, and the heat exchanger 10 further includes a portion on the left side of the drawing, that is, a tube plate and a tube-side end plate of the same structure are also connected to the end of the shell 11 on the left side in fig. 1.

A tube-side head flange is formed on the end of the tube-side head that contacts the tube-side tube sheet 22, and screw holes that can be aligned with the screw holes are also formed in the tube-side head flange, through which bolts can pass, to connect the tube sheet to the tube-side head. As shown in fig. 1, a nut is connected to one end of the bolt close to the tube-side end socket to achieve final fixation.

The tube-side tube plate 22 is formed with at least one, preferably a plurality of second tube holes 221, and the shell-side tube plate 21 is formed with at least one, preferably a plurality of first tube holes 211, wherein each first tube hole 211 corresponds to a respective second tube hole 221, e.g., the number of first tube holes 211 is the same as the number of second tube holes 221, and when installed, the corresponding first and second tube holes 211, 221 are aligned with each other, thereby allowing the heat exchange tubes 60 to pass through and be secured in the first and second tube holes 211, 221. In the case of having a plurality of first pipe holes 211 and second pipe holes 221, the heat exchanger 10 correspondingly also includes a plurality of heat exchange pipes 60. When the heat exchanger of the above-described structure is used, the heat exchange tubes 60 in the heat exchanger can be fixed by the shell-side tube sheet 21 and the tube-side tube sheet 22, respectively. Because the adjacent shell-

side tube plates

21 and 22 are arranged at intervals and have the spacing L, the damage of the heat exchanger sealing device 30 caused by the difference of the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tubes 60 and the shell 11 can be effectively prevented, and the leakage of the tube-side liquid through the heat exchanger tube plate 20 can be prevented, so that the shell-side medium is polluted.

It should be noted that, in general, the heat exchanger is horizontally arranged when the heat exchanger is used; however, the heat exchanger may be arranged vertically, but a weight is required to balance the weight of the header.

Furthermore, it should be noted that the material of the heat exchange tube 60 in the heat exchanger in the present application may be a corrosion-resistant material. Specifically, the heat exchange pipe 60 may be a silicon carbide heat exchange pipe.

Specifically, the number of the tube-side end enclosures 12 is two, the two tube-side end enclosures 12 are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell 11, a tube-side tube plate 22 is arranged on each tube-side end enclosure 12, and shell-side tube plates 21 are arranged at two ends of the shell 11. Through setting up like this, can all protect the both sides of casing 11, can prevent effectively that the heat transfer medium in tube side head 12 from taking place to leak and polluting shell side heat transfer medium through the tube sheet 20 of casing 11 both sides.

Alternatively, the shell-side tube plate 21 may be fixedly connected to the shell 11, i.e., the shell-side tube plate 21 may be welded to the shell 11. The shell 11 may be provided with a flange, the radial outer side of the shell-side tube plate 21 is uniformly provided with bolt holes, and the shell-side tube plate 21 and the flange are fixedly connected through bolts.

Specifically, the interval L is larger than a difference in length change calculated from the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tube 60 and the housing 11;

specifically, the distance L is greater than the sum of the deviation of the heat exchange tube 60 generated during the machining process between the first tube hole 211 of the shell-side tube plate 21 and the second tube hole 221 of the tube-side tube plate 22 and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube 60 is elastically deformed. The deflection can be calculated according to the elasticity modulus of the heat exchange tube, the length of the heat exchange tube and other data.

In the actual design and production process, the distance L between the shell-side tube plate 21 and the tube-side tube plate 22 is not too large, and if the distance L is too large, the heat exchange tubes 60 are wasted, and the overall structural strength of the heat exchanger is reduced; but too small does not provide the desired cushioning effect. Preferably, the tube plates 20 at both ends of the heat exchanger are spaced apart. The change of heat exchange tube length is towards both ends transmission, and both ends all set up at interval, can avoid both ends to appear in the heat exchange process sealed effect reduction or produce stress on heat exchange tube 60 and lead to the cracked risk of heat exchange tube.

Specifically, the heat exchanger further comprises a plurality of sealing devices 30, and the sealing devices 30 are arranged at the joints of the heat exchange tubes 60 and the shell-side tube plate 21 and/or the tube-side tube plate 22. By so doing, it is possible to prevent the shell-side medium or the tube-side medium from leaking out through the joint of the heat exchange tube 60 and the shell-side tube sheet 21 or the tube-side tube sheet 22.

Specifically, the bore wall of the first bore hole 211 has a first bore hole expanded section 212 on a side near the tube-side tube sheet 22 for accommodating the sealing device 30; and/or the bore wall of second bore hole 221 has a second bore hole flared section 222 on the side away from shell-side tube sheet 21 for receiving sealing device 30. Through setting up like this, can make sealing device 30 set up at the reaming section, and can not occupy the space of heat exchange tube 60 when installation sealing device 30, and then can reduce the extrusion that sealing device 30 produced heat exchange tube 60, guarantee that heat exchange tube 60 has longer life, can also guarantee simultaneously that shell side tube sheet 21 and tube side tube sheet 22 have good sealing performance.

Specifically, the sealing device 30 includes a seal ring 31 and a fixing member 32. Seal ring 31 is disposed within first tubular bore section 212 and/or second tubular bore section 222; at least a portion of the fastener 32 extends into the first tubular bore section 212 and/or the second tubular bore section 222 to compress the seal ring 31. With this arrangement, the shell-side tube plate 21 and the tube-side tube plate 22 can be sealed by using the seal ring 31, and the seal member is fixed by using the fixing member 32, so that the seal ring 31 is attached to the outer wall of the heat exchange tube 60, thereby enhancing the sealing performance of the seal ring 31 and preventing the seal ring 31 from falling off from the expanded hole section after long-term use.

Alternatively, the sealing ring 31 may be an O-ring.

It should be noted that the distance from the bottom of the expanded hole section in the first tube hole 211 on the shell-side tube plate 21 to the bottom surface of the shell-side tube plate 21 and the distance from the bottom of the expanded hole section in the second tube hole 221 on the tube-side tube plate 22 to the bottom surface of the tube-side tube plate 22 should be greater than or equal to the diameter of the seal ring 31, so as to ensure the connection strength between the shell-side tube plate 21 and the tube-side tube plate 22, and save materials.

Specifically, the first pipe hole expanded section 212 and/or the second pipe hole expanded section 222 are both two-section hole structures, each two-section hole structure includes a first section and a second section, the first section is close to the center of the casing 11 relative to the second section, the aperture of the first section is smaller than that of the second section, the sealing ring 31 is located in the first section, and at least one part of the fixing member 32 extends into the first section to compress the sealing ring 31. Through setting up like this, can provide the extrusion space for between mounting 32 and the sealing washer 31, make mounting 32 can extrude sealing washer 31 more effectively, further guarantee sealing device 30's sealing performance.

Specifically, the fixing member 32 is a threaded sleeve. Of course, the fixing member 32 may be provided in other structures to fix the sealing ring 31.

When the screw sleeve is selected as the fixing part 32, the inner wall of the reaming section needs to be provided with threads matched with the screw sleeve, so that the screw sleeve can be more firmly fixed in the reaming section.

Optionally, a non-threaded section is arranged on one end of the screw sleeve close to the sealing ring 31 in the circumferential direction, a hole wall of the first section corresponding to the non-threaded section is also non-threaded, and the length of the non-threaded section is greater than or equal to 0.5mm and less than or equal to 5 mm. Through setting up like this, can avoid the mounting 32 when extrudeing sealing washer 31, the axial screw thread of mounting 32 causes wearing and tearing to sealing washer 31 to guarantee the life of mounting 32.

Specifically, the fixing member 32 has a gap with the heat exchange pipe 60, and the gap can provide an expansion space when the heat exchange pipe 60 is thermally expanded. By such an arrangement, when the heat exchange tube 60 is thermally expanded, the heat exchange tube 60 can be ensured to be stretched in the radial direction. It is possible to prevent the sealing effect of the sealing device 30 from being lowered or the heat exchange pipe 60 from being broken due to a local stress peak due to the difference in the thermal expansion coefficients of the case 11 and the heat exchange pipe 60.

Optionally, the tube sheet 20 includes at least one intermediate tube sheet 23, and the intermediate tube sheet 23 is disposed on one side of the shell-side tube sheet 21 and/or the tube-side tube sheet 22 close to the center of the shell 11, and the material of the intermediate tube sheet 23 is different from that of the shell-side tube sheet 21 and/or the tube-side tube sheet 22.

As shown in fig. 3, the distance between the middle tube plate 23 between the shell-side tube plate 21 and the tube-side tube plate 22 on the same side and the shell-side tube plate 21 on the same side is L2, and L2 is greater than the difference in length change calculated from the thermal expansion coefficients of the heat exchange tubes 60 and the shell 11 of the heat exchanger; and/or L2 is greater than the sum of the deflection of the heat exchange tube 60 generated during the machining process between the first tube hole 211 of the shell-side tube plate 21 and the second tube hole 221 of the tube-side tube plate 22 and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube 60 is elastically deformed.

With respect to the specific materials forming the above components, the heat exchange tube 60 may preferably be made of silicon carbide (SiC), the tube-side header 12 may be made of a corrosion-resistant material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, or a polytetrafluoroethylene layer may be coated on the inner surface of the tube-side header 12 that may come into contact with corrosive fluids. For the tube sheet assembly, the material for forming the tube-side tube sheet includes, for example, polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramics such as silicon carbide, or the like, or may have a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a ceramic coating, or the like on the outer layer, and preferably, the tube-side tube sheet is made of polytetrafluoroethylene. The material for forming the shell-side tube sheet includes, for example, high-strength metal materials such as stainless steel, titanium alloy, carbon steel, and the like. The tube side thread insert is made of a corrosion-resistant material, such as polytetrafluoroethylene. The material of the shell-side thread insert is preferably a metal material having a certain strength, such as stainless steel or carbon steel.

Optionally, the intermediate tubesheet 23 is made of a metallic material.

Of course, when the intermediate tube plate 23 is disposed on the side of the tube-side tube plate 22 close to the center of the shell 11, a corrosion-resistant material may be selected as a material for manufacturing the tube-side tube plate 22, and a metal material with higher strength may be selected as a material for manufacturing the intermediate tube plate 23; when the intermediate tube plate 23 is disposed on the side of the shell-side tube plate 21 close to the center of the shell 11, a corrosion-resistant material may be selected as a material for manufacturing the intermediate tube plate 23, and a metal material having a higher strength may be selected as a material for manufacturing the shell-side tube plate 21.

In the present application, the center of the housing 11 is equidistant from the left and right sides of the housing 11. Alternatively, the center of the shell 11 may be a plane perpendicular to the heat exchange tubes 60 and parallel to the tube-side tube sheet 22.

The heat exchanger further comprises an anti-drop limiting mechanism 40 and a protrusion 50. The anti-falling limiting mechanism 40 has a hook structure, the hook structure is connected to the tube-side tube plate 22 or connected to the middle tube plate 23 close to the tube-side tube plate 22, and the hook structure extends out towards the shell-side tube plate 21 to prevent the tube-side tube plate 22 from sliding out of the heat exchange tube 60.

As shown in fig. 4, the hook structure has a clamping section and a fixing section, the fixing section is connected to the tube-side tube plate 22, or the fixing section is connected to the middle tube plate 23 of the tube plate 20, the clamping section extends toward the shell-side tube plate 21, and the length L1 of the clamping section is greater than the distance L; the bulge 50 is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell pass tube plate 21, and the clamping section can be in clamping fit with the bulge 50. Through setting up like this, after anticreep stop gear 40 and arch 50 cooperate, can prevent effectively that tube side tube sheet 22 from coming off from heat exchange tube 60, guarantee the stability of heat exchanger during operation. Alternatively, the corrosion resistant material may be polytetrafluoroethylene, ceramic or a material with a polytetrafluoroethylene layer, a ceramic layer.

It should also be noted that a tube-side end enclosure may be further disposed outside the tube-side tube plate 22, and bolt holes may be disposed axially outside the tube-side end enclosure and the tube-side tube plate 22, and bolts may be further disposed through the bolt holes.

In the present application, since the heat exchange pipe 60 may be a silicon carbide pipe, the amount of change in length thereof is not significant when the temperature changes, and it can be understood that the length is fixed. The heat exchanger shell 11 is generally made of metal, and the length change amount is large when the temperature changes. This results in the sealing part of the heat exchange tube 60 of the conventional heat exchanger having relative sliding friction, and after a plurality of sliding friction, the sealing ring 31 is worn out and the sealing fails. And through setting up interval L, sealing device 30 and reaming section, solved the problem of sealing washer 31 wearing and tearing effectively.

The structure uses the shell pass tube plate 21 and the tube pass tube plate 22 to respectively realize the sealing of the shell pass and the tube pass, and a suspension isolation area exists between the shell pass tube plate 21 and the tube pass tube plate 22. During operation, receive shell side temperature variation's influence, the change of length can take place for casing 11 to the distance between the shell side tube sheet 21 at casing 11 both ends also can change, and the change of shell side tube sheet 21 distance can be absorbed by unsettled isolation region, and can not influence tube side tube sheet 22's position, thereby has guaranteed to take place relative sliding friction between heat exchange tube 60 and the tube side tube sheet 22, is static seal between heat exchange tube 60 and the tube side tube sheet 22 promptly. Wear failure of the seal ring 31 during use is avoided.

The static seal is arranged between the heat exchange tube 60 and the tube side tube plate 22, so that the reliability of tube side seal is improved, and the static seal is suitable for occasions where the tube side is important. The heat exchange tube 60 is made of silicon carbide.

From the above description, it can be seen that the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention achieve the following technical effects:

1. the problem of leakage of a heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger is effectively solved;

2. the problem that the sealing device is easy to damage is solved;

3. the heat exchanger has simple structure and is easy to realize.

It is obvious that the above described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of them. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative efforts shall belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular is intended to include the plural unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, and it should be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof.

It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the description and claims of this application and in the drawings described above are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. It is to be understood that the data so used is interchangeable under appropriate circumstances such that the embodiments of the application described herein are capable of operation in sequences other than those illustrated or described herein.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A heat exchanger, comprising:

a shell (11) and a tube side end enclosure (12) which are separated from each other;

tube sheet (20), tube sheet (20) are including shell side tube sheet (21) and tube side tube sheet (22), shell side tube sheet (21) are located casing (11) are close to the one end of tube side head (12), tube side tube sheet (22) are located tube side head (12) are close to the one end of casing (11), and adjacent shell side tube sheet (21) with interval setting just has interval L between tube side tube sheet (22).

2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the number of the tube-side end enclosures (12) is two, the two tube-side end enclosures (12) are respectively arranged at two ends of the shell (11), the tube-side tube plate (22) is arranged on each tube-side end enclosure (12), and the shell-side tube plate (21) is arranged at two ends of the shell (11).

3. The heat exchanger of claim 1,

the spacing L is greater than a difference in length change calculated from the coefficients of thermal expansion of the heat exchange tubes (60) and the housing (11); and/or

The distance L is larger than the sum of the deflection value of the heat exchange tube (60) generated in the machining process between the first tube hole (211) of the shell-side tube plate (21) and the second tube hole (221) of the tube-side tube plate (22) and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube (60) is elastically deformed.

4. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, further comprising a plurality of sealing means (30), wherein the sealing means (30) are provided at the connection of the heat exchange tubes (60) of the heat exchanger to the shell-side tube sheet (21) and/or the tube-side tube sheet (22).

5. The heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the bore wall of the first tube bore (211) has a first tube bore flared section (212) on a side adjacent the tube side tube sheet (22) for receiving the sealing means (30); and/or the wall of the second pipe hole (221) has a second pipe hole expanding section (222) on the side far away from the shell-side pipe plate (21) for accommodating the sealing device (30).

6. The heat exchanger according to claim 5, wherein the sealing means (30) comprises a sealing ring (31) and a fixing member (32), the sealing ring (31) being arranged in the first pipe hole expanded section (212) and/or the second pipe hole expanded section (222), at least a portion of the fixing member (32) extending into the first pipe hole expanded section (212) and/or the second pipe hole expanded section (222) to compress the sealing ring (31).

7. The heat exchanger according to claim 6, wherein the first pipe hole expanded section (212) and/or the second pipe hole expanded section (222) are both a two-segment hole structure, and the two-segment hole structure comprises a first segment and a second segment, and the first segment is close to the center of the shell (11) relative to the second segment, and the first segment has a smaller hole diameter than the second segment, and the seal ring (31) is located in the first segment, and at least a portion of the fixing member (32) extends into the first segment to compress the seal ring (31).

8. The heat exchanger according to claim 7, wherein the fixing member (32) is a threaded sleeve.

9. The heat exchanger according to claim 8, wherein the thread insert has a thread-free section at one end close to the seal ring (31), the first section has a smooth surface at a hole wall corresponding to the thread-free section, and the thread-free section has a length of 0.5mm or more and 5mm or less.

10. The heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the tube sheet (20) comprises at least one intermediate tube sheet (23), the intermediate tube sheet (23) being provided on a side of the shell-side tube sheet (21) and/or the tube-side tube sheet (22) close to the center of the shell (11).

11. The heat exchanger according to claim 10, characterized in that the intermediate tube sheet (23) is of a different material than the shell-side tube sheet (21) and/or the tube-side tube sheet (22).

12. The heat exchanger according to claim 10, wherein the distance between the intermediate tube sheet (23) between the shell-side tube sheet (21) and the tube-side tube sheet (22) on the same side and the shell-side tube sheet (21) on the same side is L2, and L2 is greater than the difference in length change calculated from the coefficients of thermal expansion of the heat exchange tubes (60) of the heat exchanger and the shell (11); and/or L2 is larger than the sum of the deflection value of the heat exchange tube (60) generated in the machining process between the first tube hole (211) of the shell-side tube plate (21) and the second tube hole (221) of the tube-side tube plate (22) and the deflection generated when the heat exchange tube (60) is elastically deformed.

13. The heat exchanger according to claim 10, characterized in that the intermediate tube sheet (23) is made of a metallic material.

14. The heat exchanger of any one of claims 1 to 9, further comprising:

the anti-falling limiting mechanism (40) is provided with a clamping hook structure, the clamping hook structure is connected to the tube side tube plate (22) or connected to a middle tube plate (23) of the heat exchanger close to the tube side tube plate (22), and the clamping hook structure extends towards the shell side tube plate (21) to prevent the tube side tube plate (22) from sliding out of a heat exchange tube (60) of the heat exchanger;

the clamping device comprises a protrusion (50), wherein the protrusion (50) is fixed on the outer peripheral surface of the shell pass tube plate (21), and the clamping hook structure can be in clamping fit with the protrusion (50).

15. The heat exchanger according to claim 14, wherein the heat exchange tubes (60) are of silicon carbide.