CN210261492U - A plant floating bed device for microbial fuel cells to repair black and smelly sediments in urban tide-sense rivers - Google Patents
A plant floating bed device for microbial fuel cells to repair black and smelly sediments in urban tide-sense rivers Download PDFInfo
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- CN210261492U CN210261492U CN201920497343.1U CN201920497343U CN210261492U CN 210261492 U CN210261492 U CN 210261492U CN 201920497343 U CN201920497343 U CN 201920497343U CN 210261492 U CN210261492 U CN 210261492U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a plant floating bed device for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by a microbial fuel cell, which is characterized by comprising a floating plate, a planting basket and aquatic plants, wherein the floating plate enables the aquatic plants and the planting basket to be suspended in a water body with a set height to form a plant floating bed anode; a carbon felt cathode is attached to a planting basket of a plant floating bed device and is in contact with the planting basket, the carbon felt cathode is suspended in a set water height range by the device, and meanwhile, the plant floating bed anode is coupled with the carbon felt cathode to form a plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupling system I, so that the industrialized, large-scale, lasting and ecological sustainable restoration of the urban tidal river gushing black and odorous bottom mud is realized. The utility model discloses the structure is succinct, and its construction low cost, scope are big, fast, duration are long, and need not artifical nurse.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to an environmental pollution administers technical field, especially relates to a plant of microbial fuel cell restoration city tidal river gushes black smelly bed mud and floats bed device.
Background
The bottom mud of the urban tidal black and odorous river, namely the sediment at the bottom of the river, is a gathering place of various pollutants, such as heavy metals, organic chemicals and nutrient substances. With the rapid development of industry and the rapid growth of population, a large amount of industrial and agricultural pollutants enter a water body through atmospheric sedimentation, wastewater discharge, rainwater leaching and scouring, and as the regulation and storage function of the river is weak, the pollutant receiving capacity is small, the pollutant carrying capacity is insufficient, the pollutants exceed the self-purification capacity of the river, the pollutants are continuously accumulated, a certain part of the pollutants are accumulated in bottom mud, so that the bottom mud is polluted to threaten an aquatic ecosystem, the water quality of the river is deteriorated, stink is emitted, the surrounding environment is very bad, and the adverse effect on human health is generated. At present, the water body sediment remediation technology mainly comprises in-situ remediation (such as a masking technology, a plant and microorganism remediation technology, flocculant and reducing agent adding and the like) and ex-situ remediation (sediment dredging, air oxygenation, solidification landfill, composting and the like), the most used is sediment dredging, but the treatment cost is high, the engineering quantity is large, the peripheral environment can be greatly influenced in the treatment process, the dredged sediment needs to be subjected to additional harmless treatment, and other physical and chemical treatment methods have certain problems respectively.
And introduce the bottom mud pollution treatment field with microbial fuel cell MFCs technique, the recovery energy when restoreing the bottom mud, can greatly reduced water body bottom mud's treatment cost in principle, realize the utilization of resources to the bottom mud simultaneously, undoubtedly be the great innovation of water body bottom mud treatment theory, have obvious innovative meaning and practical value.
In the prior art, organic matters in seabed sediments are utilized to generate electricity, which is called as an unattended seabed generator, and a Sediment Microbial Fuel Cell (SMFC) -based water body pollution remediation technology is gradually developed. In SMFCs, the anode is usually placed in an anoxic bottom sediment, the cathode is suspended in oxygen-containing water above the anode, the cathode and the anode are connected by a wire, and a resistor is connected to form a closed loop. Under the catalytic action of anaerobic microorganisms, organic matters in the sediment are oxidized in the anode area, and generated electrons are transmitted to the anode through cell membranes and then transferred to the cathode through an external circuit. On the other hand, hydrogen ions generated in the oxidation process are transferred to the cathode region through an overlying water-sediment interface, and dissolved oxygen in the overlying water receives electrons and then is combined with the hydrogen ions to generate water, so that the reduction process of the oxygen is completed. In SMFCs, the anode acts as an electron acceptor that accepts electrons generated during the oxidation of organic substances by microorganisms, and thus accelerates the removal of organic substances from the deposit while generating an electric current. Most of the research on microbial fuel cells in sediment has focused on marine environments, while less research has been conducted in fresh water rivers. This is because seawater has a higher conductivity than fresh water. The conductivity of the seawater can reach 50000 mu S-cm at 20 DEG C-1And the conductivity of the fresh water is only 500 mu S-cm-1. Since the conductivity of the electrolyte is one of the important factors affecting the internal resistance of the MFC, the higher the conductivity, the smaller the internal resistance, and thus the seawater SMFC can generate a higher amount of electricity than the fresh water SMFC.
Therefore, in pollution control by using SMFC in fresh water type watersheds, how to continuously and reliably improve the conductivity of fresh water in a large area at low cost, especially the conductivity of overlying water close to bottom mud, has been a difficult technical problem to overcome.
The SMFC was evaluated for its ability to remove organic materials from deposits while generating electricity. When the SMFC is operated by a porous graphite electrode for 160 days, the total organic matter content of the anode within 1cm is reduced by 30%, and the organic matter content is almost unchanged at a position far away from the anode and under an open-circuit state. This indicates that the capacity of the SMFC to oxidize organics in the deposit is enhanced in the closed state. In addition, the degradation of organics in the deposit is consistent with the formation of an electric current, with a greater current indicating more degradation of the organics. Although SMFCs are suitable for the repair of deposits, their power generation capacity and contaminant removal capacity are still limited by the large electrode spacing, low cathode oxygen utilization, and the like. Therefore, how to overcome the limitations of large electrode spacing, low cathode oxygen utilization rate and the like in the flow field pollution treatment is also a technical problem which needs to be solved urgently.
Current research also indicates that SMFC short circuit formation can improve pollution abatement efficiency. According to the research, a sediment microbial fuel cell is constructed to carry out in-situ removal on nitrogen in the eutrophic lake water body and simultaneously generate electric energy. The results show that the maximum power density achieved by the SMFC in the synthetic lake water rich in nitrate and nitrite is 42 mW.m respectively-2And 36 mW.m-2Meanwhile, the removal rates of nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen respectively reach 62 percent and 77 percent. In the closed state, the SMFC can remove nitrogen by a factor of 4 in the open state. According to the law of conservation of matter, in this SMFC system, most of the removed nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen are reduced to nitrogen. SMFC can also effectively carry out in-situ remediation on aquaculture water. There are researchers who have constructed two SMFC systems, one connecting external resistors to form a closed loop (SMFC-1) and one forming a short circuit (SMFC-2). The two systems are respectively operated under different conditions, and the in-situ removal effect of the two systems on COD and TKN in the aquaculture water body is inspected. However, the above research is only a result of an application experiment in a small range, and how to quickly construct the SMFC in a large watershed wastewater and sludge treatment at a low cost and form a continuous and stable short circuit between two electrodes of the SMFC, so as to continuously, stably and efficiently treat the large watershed wastewater and sludge, which is also a technical problem that is not easy to overcome.
It has been found that the output current of SMFC is closely related to the dissolved oxygen concentration in the cathode region. The reduction rate of dissolved oxygen in the overlying water at the cathode is a limiting factor on SMFC performanceOne of the elements. As a result, it was found that SMFC-2 exhibited a higher removal rate than SMFC-1 in both cases of aeration and non-aeration of the cathode region. When aerated, the removal rates of COD and TKN by SMFC-1 and SMFC-2 are 79.4%, 92.6%, 84.4% and 95.3%, respectively. When the concentration of dissolved oxygen drops below 5mg O2·L-1The current drops sharply. This means that when running SMFC in the field, the dissolved oxygen conditions should be taken into full account, suggesting that 5mg O be maintained2·L-1The above. However, continuous aeration is expensive and has a limited coverage area, and how to maintain the dissolved oxygen conditions of the substrate sludge supernatant above a set level without aeration in the treatment of large-scale river gushes in a river basin is one of the technical problems that restrict the large-scale application of SMFC.
Therefore, the existing microbial fuel cell treatment technology applied to river surge pollution treatment also has the problems of low conductivity and low dissolved oxygen of fresh water covered on river surge bottom mud, large electrode spacing, low utilization rate of cathode oxygen, high overall treatment cost, difficulty in large-scale construction, difficulty in lasting effect and the like, so that the existing microbial fuel cell technology is difficult to be applied to the treatment of the river surge sewage and bottom mud in a large scale, and the existing microbial fuel cell treatment technology has no case of being applied to the comprehensive treatment of the river surge pollution, and the application and the development of the microbial fuel cell in the field of the river surge pollution treatment are severely limited.
Therefore, a new device for repairing urban tidal black and odorous river sediment by using a microbial fuel cell needs to be researched to achieve the purposes of low-cost, high-efficiency and long-acting comprehensive treatment of river pollution of fresh water in large-area drainage basin level.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
To the above, an object of the utility model is to provide a microbial fuel cell restores plant of city tidal river black and odorous bed mud floats a device, and its construction low cost, persistence are strong, environment friendly, and the microbial fuel cell system of formation can realize energy recuperation and the getting rid of river black and odorous bed mud organic pollutant simultaneously.
The utility model discloses a reach the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose adopted and be:
a plant floating bed device for repairing black and odorous bottom mud of urban tidal rivers by using a microbial fuel cell is characterized by comprising a floating plate, a planting basket and aquatic plants, wherein the floating plate enables the aquatic plants and the planting basket to be suspended in a water body with a set height to form a plant floating bed anode; a carbon felt cathode is attached to a planting basket of a plant floating bed device and is in mutual contact with the planting basket, the carbon felt cathode is suspended in a set water height range by the device, and meanwhile, the plant floating bed anode is coupled with the carbon felt cathode to form a plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupling system I.
The anode of the plant floating bed is further coupled with a carbon felt anode embedded under the carbon granule-bottom sediment mixing layer through a carbon felt cathode to form a microbial fuel cell coupling system II so as to reduce the potential of the carbon felt cathode, increase the potential difference between the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode, accelerate the repair speed of the river bottom sediment and purify the water quality.
The carbon felt anode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt, a lower activated carbon fiber felt and a copper foil which is clamped between the activated carbon fiber felts and is laid flatly, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felts and the copper foil for many times in a sole-receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, and the plurality of copper wires after being met again are twisted into one strand to be used as an anode wire to form the carbon felt anode.
The carbon felt cathode comprises an upper activated carbon fiber felt and a lower activated carbon fiber felt, and a copper foil which is horizontally laid is clamped between the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt, a plurality of copper wires penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt and the copper foil for multiple times in a sole receiving mode respectively, then the copper wires are led to the center of the carbon felt, the plurality of copper wires after being met repeatedly are twisted into one strand to serve as a cathode lead, and plastic foam suspended matters are arranged on the upper activated carbon fiber felt and the lower activated carbon fiber felt respectively to form the.
The jet pump is used for jetting carbon granule mixed liquid with a set amount into the river gushing black and odorous bottom mud, the bottom mud is blown up, the impact force destroys a sediment-water interface, the bottom mud is suspended, a river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface is exposed, and the carbon granules are mixed into the bottom mud to form the bottom mud-carbon granule mixed layer.
The carbon felt anode is laid on the upper surface of the river bed and below the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer, covers the upper surface of the river bed and forms an anode region of the microbial fuel cell together with the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer.
The carbon felt cathode is laid in a suspended mode above the carbon felt anode within a set water height range, the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode are connected through a conductive cable to form a direct short circuit, or an impedance load is connected in series between the carbon felt cathode and the carbon felt anode to form a closed loop, and a complete microbial fuel cell system is formed.
The area ratio of the carbon felt anode and the carbon felt cathode is set as the carbon felt anode: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell and the area of the carbon felt anode is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2。
The carbon felt anode is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below a sediment-water interface; horizontally suspending the carbon felt cathode at a position 10-50 cm above a sediment-water interface, connecting leads of the carbon felt cathode and the sediment-water interface, and fixing the carbon felt cathode in a water body through the leads and keeping the carbon felt cathode at a set height.
The weight proportion of the carbon particles mixed in the sediment, namely the carbon particles mixed in the bottom mud is 1 to 5 percent of the dry weight of the sludge.
The utility model has the advantages that:
(1) the utility model provides a microbial fuel cell restores plant of city tidal river gushing black smelly bed mud and floats a device, through mixing into carbon granule in to the bed mud, increase the electric conductive property of bed mud, adopt the carbon felt positive pole of direction connection great area simultaneously, the carbon felt negative pole, and use dedicated plant to float a device, realized utilizing SMFC's fresh water type basin pollution control, a large scale, low cost, last reliable conductivity of improvement fresh water, the difficult technical problem that the conductivity to the upper cover water that is close to the bed mud is difficult to promote has been overcome.
(2) The utility model provides a plant floats a device, make carbon granules (biological carbon granule) and bed mud intensive mixing under fluidic effect, the mixture of biological carbon of formation and bed mud is as microbial fuel cell's positive pole substrate, the electric conductive property of bed mud has been strengthened, the load capacity of microorganism among the microbial fuel cell has been increased, the good electric conductivity that it has reduced the internal resistance and has improved electron transfer rate, be favorable to accelerating the oxidation-reduction speed of bed mud pollutant, accelerate the restoration speed of bed mud, efficiency, thereby be favorable to realizing the promotion and the bed mud processing resourceization of electrogenesis rate. Through practical tests, the method can shorten the treatment time of treating the bottom mud in the black and odorous rivers and improve the treatment efficiency by 20-40%.
(3) The biological carbon adopted in the utility model is a solid product obtained by pyrolyzing sludge or agricultural and forestry waste under the oxygen-deficient atmosphere, has a pore structure with large specific surface area and wide source, is mostly derived from sludge or agricultural and forestry waste, can be obtained anywhere, has low price and stable property, is beneficial to stabilizing heavy metals in bottom mud and degrading organic pollutants, can not bring secondary pollution, and can not cause adverse effect on aquatic animals and plants and an ecological system; the adopted carbon particles increase the electric conductivity of the anode substrate and the attachment area of the electrogenic bacteria, thereby enhancing the performance of the microbial fuel cell. The utility model discloses utilize biological carbon to construct microbial fuel cell system and improve its performance, can realize the dual function to the resource utilization of living beings and environmental pollution improvement, improved its economic value to the environmental improvement cost has been reduced.
(4) The utility model provides a microbial fuel cell system of constituteing by carbon felt positive pole, carbon felt negative pole etc. once lays and to use for a long time, its effective life (generally can reach 2-3 years), and the investment is little, and convenient construction does not need artifical on duty, can convenient and fast carry out the drainage territory ization construction, can reduce black smelly river by a wide margin and administer prosthetic investment and construction cost, can realize the restoration of the black smelly bed mud industrialization of flow field level freshwater river, scale, persistence, ecological persistence.
(5) The utility model provides a plant floats bed device through the secretion of plant root, increases the dissolved oxygen in the water, forms two microbial cell systems with carbon felt positive pole, carbon felt negative pole respectively, its structural design is ingenious, succinct, practical, easily operation, easily large tracts of land construction.
(6) The utility model provides a plant floats a device, it can provide buoyancy for carbon felt negative pole, make this carbon felt negative pole suspension with in the water height scope of settlement, form the plant simultaneously and float a positive pole and carbon felt negative pole looks coupling, form plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupled system, constitute dual system and be used for reducing carbon felt negative pole potential, increase its potential difference with carbon felt positive pole for the restoration speed to the river bottom mud, and water purification, system architecture has been simplified in the reaching. Meanwhile, by adopting the plant floating bed device, the river landscape can be improved.
The above technical scheme of the utility model, a plurality of technological problems have been overcome to the key, have solved industrialization, scale, lasting, the fast scheduling problem of onset that the black smelly bed mud pollution ecology of tidal river faces, have still solved low cost simultaneously, on a large scale, the problem of quick construction.
The above is an overview of the technical solution of the present invention, and the present invention is further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of a coupling structure of a plant floating bed and a microbial battery provided by the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of the preparation process and structure of the carbon felt electrode provided by the present invention;
fig. 3 is a power density diagram of polarization curve of the dual microbial fuel cell system provided in the example.
In the figure: 21. a body of water; 31. sediment (sediment-carbon granule mixed layer); 7. carbon felt (sheet); 72. a carbon felt anode; a carbon felt cathode 71; 73. a carbon fiber mat; 74. copper foil; 75. copper wire (anode wire); 8. a plant floating bed device; 81. a floating plate; 82. planting baskets; 83. a plant; 9. and (4) using an electric load.
To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention adopted to achieve the intended purpose, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
Example (b): referring to the attached drawings 1-3, a double-microbial cell system is adopted to repair the bottom mud and purify the water.
The utility model provides a microbial fuel cell restores plant of city tidal river gush black smelly bed mud floats a device, adopts the plant to float a device, on microbial fuel cell system I's basis, constitutes microbial battery system II's bi-cell system and restores the bed mud, purifies quality of water simultaneously. The method is particularly applied to the restoration and treatment of black and odorous bottom mud of a fresh water river in south China, the average water depth of the river is 1.2 meters, the average width of the river is 120 meters, the water body of the river is urban oxygen-enriched domestic sewage, the average thickness of the black and odorous bottom mud is 5-10 centimeters, and most of the black and odorous bottom mud is formed by deposition of domestic garbage and other organic matters.
The plant floating bed device 8 for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using the microbial fuel cell provided by the embodiment comprises a floating plate 81, a planting basket 82 and aquatic plants 83, wherein the floating plate 81 enables the aquatic plants 82 and the planting basket 83 to be suspended in a water body 21 with a set height to form a plant floating bed anode; a carbon felt cathode 71 is attached to a planting basket 82 of a plant floating bed device 8, the carbon felt cathode 71 is in contact with the planting basket, the device 8 enables the carbon felt cathode 71 to be suspended in a set height range of a water body 21, and meanwhile, the plant floating bed anode is coupled with the carbon felt cathode 71 to form a plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupling system I.
The anode of the plant floating bed is further coupled with a carbon felt anode 72 embedded under the carbon particle-bottom sediment mixing layer 31 through a carbon felt cathode 71 to form a microbial fuel cell coupling system II, so that the potential of the carbon felt cathode 71 is reduced, the potential difference between the carbon felt cathode 71 and the carbon felt anode 72 is increased, the repair speed of the bottom sediment of the river is accelerated, and the water quality is purified.
The carbon felt anode 72 is formed by sandwiching a flat copper foil 74 between an upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and a lower activated carbon fiber felt 73, then enabling a plurality of copper wires 75 to penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt 73 and the copper foil 74 for multiple times in a sole-receiving mode respectively, guiding the copper wires to the center of the carbon felt 73, and twisting the plurality of copper wires after encountering again into one strand serving as an anode lead 75.
The carbon felt cathode 71 is formed by sandwiching a flat copper foil 74 between an upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and a lower activated carbon fiber felt 73, then enabling a plurality of copper wires 75 to penetrate through the activated carbon fiber felt 73 and the copper foil 74 for multiple times in a sole accommodating manner, guiding the copper wires to the center of the carbon felt 73, twisting the plurality of copper wires 75 after being met into one strand serving as a cathode lead 75, and arranging a plurality of plastic foam suspended matters (not shown in the figure) on the upper activated carbon fiber felt 73 and the lower activated carbon fiber felt 73 respectively to form a suspended carbon felt cathode 71. The carbon felt (sheet) 7 is an activated carbon fiber felt, carbon felt for short.
The carbon felt anode 72 is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below the sediment-water interface 3; horizontally suspending a carbon felt cathode 71 at a position 10-50 cm above a sediment-water interface 3; and connecting leads 75 of the anode and the cathode with each other, and fixing the carbon felt cathode 71 in the water body through the leads 75 and keeping the carbon felt cathode at a set height to form a single microbial cell system I for repairing and treating the bottom mud.
A predetermined amount of carbon granule mixed liquid is sprayed into the bottom mud of the river to blow the bottom mud, the impact force of the bottom mud destroys the sediment-water interface, the bottom mud is suspended, the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface is exposed, and the carbon granules are mixed into the bottom mud to form a bottom mud-carbon granule mixed layer 31.
In order to further improve the conductivity of the bottom mud, the weight ratio of the carbon particle content mixed in the bottom mud, namely the carbon particle content in the carbon particle-bottom mud mixing layer 31 is set to be 1% -5% of the dry weight of the mud, and the specific ratio can be selected according to the components of the bottom mud, so that the required technical effect can be achieved.
The carbon felt anode 71 is laid on the upper surface of the river bed and below the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer 31, covers the upper surface of the river bed, and forms an anode region of the microbial fuel cell together with the bottom sediment-carbon particle mixed layer 31.
The carbon felt cathode 72 is laid in a suspended manner above the carbon felt anode 71 within a set water height range, and the carbon felt cathode 72 and the carbon felt anode 71 are connected by a conductive cable to form a direct short circuit or connected in series with an impedance load 9 in the middle to form a closed loop, so that a complete microbial fuel cell system is formed.
Optimizing the area ratio of the laid carbon felt anode 71 to the laid carbon felt cathode 72, and setting the area ratio of the carbon felt anode to the carbon felt cathode as the carbon felt anode: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell system and the area of the carbon felt anode 71 is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2。
The carbon felt anode 71 is horizontally embedded at a position 5-15 cm below a sediment-water interface; horizontally suspending the carbon felt cathode at a position 10-50 cm above a sediment-water interface, connecting leads of the carbon felt cathode and the sediment-water interface, and fixing the carbon felt cathode in a water body through the leads and keeping the carbon felt cathode at a set height.
The weight proportion of the carbon particles mixed in the sediment, namely the carbon particles mixed in the bottom mud is 1 to 5 percent of the dry weight of the sludge.
Referring to fig. 1, the plant floating bed device, specifically, it is composed of a floating plate 81, a planting basket 82 and an aquatic plant 83, the floating plate 81 makes the aquatic plant 83 and the planting basket 82 suspend in a water body 21 with a set height to form a plant floating bed anode; the carbon felt cathode 71 is attached to the planting basket 82 of the plant floating bed device 8, the carbon felt cathode 71 is in suspension with the height range of the set water body 21 due to the buoyancy of the device 8, meanwhile, the plant floating bed anode is coupled with the carbon felt cathode 71 to form a plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupling system which is used for reducing the potential of the carbon felt cathode 71, increasing the potential difference between the carbon felt cathode 71 and the carbon felt anode 72, accelerating the repair speed of the river bottom mud 31, purifying the water quality and treating pollutants such as ammonia nitrogen, COD and the like in the water body. The aquatic plant 83 may be selected from windflower grass, canna indica, etc.
In the plant floating bed device in the embodiment, the carbon felt anode 72 is horizontally embedded in the bottom sediment-carbon granule mixing layer 31 5-15 cm below the sediment-water interface 3; the carbon felt cathode 71 is horizontally attached to the planting basket 82 of the plant floating bed 8 and is suspended at the water body 21 10 cm-50 cm above the sediment-water interface 3 by utilizing the buoyancy of the floating bed 8, so that a floating bed plant-sediment microbial fuel cell (P-SMFC) coupling system, namely a microbial fuel cell coupling system II is formed. According to the root secretion characteristics of the floating bed plants 83 in the plant floating bed device 8, the root secretion provides nutrients for rhizosphere microorganisms and a cathode carbon felt biomembrane; meanwhile, the root system radially secretes oxygen to enable a plurality of aerobic areas to be formed in the rhizosphere area, oxygen secreted by the plant root area can be diffused to the SMFC cathode, the dissolved oxygen concentration of the cathode area is increased, and the repair performance of the SMFC on sediment pollution and upper water 21 pollution is improved. In this embodiment, the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 may be directly connected by a wire 75 to form a short circuit, or the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 may be connected in series with an electrical load 9 (impedance) and then connected to each other, so as to form a P-SMFC coupling system.
Adopt the utility model discloses microbial fuel cell restores the plant of city tidal river gush black smelly bed mud and floats a device, restores the method of black smelly bed mud, and it includes following step:
(1) preparing biochar, further preparing the biochar into a carbon felt 7 and carbon particles, and further preparing a carbon felt anode 72 and a carbon felt cathode 71;
(2) jetting the carbon particle mixed solution with a set amount into the river black and odorous bottom mud 31 (namely the sediment at the bottom of the river water body) by using the jet flow generated by the jet flow pump, blowing the bottom mud 31, damaging the sediment-water interface 3 by the impact force of the bottom mud, suspending the bottom mud 31, exposing the river bed at the lower part of the sediment-water interface 3, laying a carbon felt anode 72 on the upper surface of the river bed to cover the upper surface of the river bed, laying a suspended carbon felt cathode 71 at a corresponding position above the carbon felt anode 72 and within a set height range, and connecting the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 by using a conductive cable 75;
optimizing the area ratio of the configured carbon felt anode 72 to the carbon felt cathode 71, and setting the area ratio of the carbon felt anode 72 to the carbon felt cathode 71 as the carbon felt anode 72: the area ratio of the carbon felt cathode 71 is 1: 2-4, the relationship between the electricity generation efficiency of the formed microbial fuel cell and the area of the carbon felt anode 72 is as follows:
PAn＝I2Rext/AAn
in the formula, PAnIs power density, mW/m2；RextIs external resistance, k Ω; i is current, mA; a. theAnIs the surface area of the anode electrode, m2；
(3) When the mixture of the suspended bottom mud 31 and the carbon particles is gradually deposited on the upper surface of the river bed, the mixture is deposited on the carbon felt anode 72 and then mixed with each other to form an anode area of the microbial fuel cell because the upper surface of the river bed is covered by the carbon felt anode 72; a carbon felt cathode 71 arranged above the carbon felt anode 72 is mixed with dissolved oxygen water to form a cathode region of the microbial fuel cell; the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 are connected by a conductive cable 75 to form a short circuit directly, or an impedance load 9 (a resistance of 1000 Ω in this embodiment) is connected in series between the carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 to form a closed loop, i.e. a complete microbial fuel cell system I is formed;
(4) organic matters in the river bottom mud (namely sediment) -carbon particle mixed layer 31 are continuously oxidized in the anode region under the catalytic action of anaerobic microorganisms, and generated electrons are transmitted to the anode through cell membranes and then transferred to the cathode through a lead 75; meanwhile, hydrogen ions generated in the oxidation process are transmitted to the cathode region through the overlying water-sediment interface 3, dissolved oxygen in the overlying water 21 receives electrons and then is combined with the hydrogen ions to generate water, the reduction process of oxygen is completed, the removal of organic matters in the bottom mud 31 is accelerated, and the ecological continuous repair of the urban tidal river surge black and odorous bottom mud is realized;
(5) respectively arranging plant floating bed devices 8 in the water body 21 above the suspended carbon felt cathode 71, wherein each device 8 consists of a floating plate 81, a planting basket 82 and aquatic plants 83, and the floating plate enables the aquatic plants 83 and the planting basket 82 to be suspended in the water body 21 with set height to form a plant floating bed anode;
(6) the anode of the plant floating bed and the cathode 71 of the carbon felt are mutually contacted, the cathode 71 of the carbon felt is attached to a planting basket 82 of the plant floating bed, the cathode 71 of the carbon felt is suspended in a set height range of a water body 72, and the anode of the plant floating bed is coupled with the cathode 71 of the carbon felt to form a plant bed-microbial fuel cell coupling system II, so that the potential of the cathode 71 of the carbon felt is further reduced, the potential difference between the cathode 71 of the carbon felt and the anode 72 of the carbon felt is increased, the repairing speed of the bottom mud of the river is accelerated, and the water quality is purified by aquatic plants.
The utility model discloses two microbial fuel cell systems that plant floats bed and found is suitable for the large tracts of land construction, and its operation need not artificial intervention, and its administration time is long (can reach 2-3 years), and is effectual.
The biochar is prepared by the following steps:
using agricultural waste crop straws as a precursor material, drying a sample at 65 +/-5 ℃, and crushing and sieving the sample by using a plant crusher; putting the biomass into a container with a cover, and placing the container in a muffle furnace or other high-temperature furnace for anoxic carbonization to prepare biochar; the muffle furnace adopts a programmed heating method of heating at 5 ℃/min until the temperature is 500-700 ℃ and keeping for 1-3 hours, and then naturally cooling to prepare the biochar.
The carbon felt anode 72 and the carbon felt cathode 71 are both layered modified carbon felt 7, and the modification is completed by adopting the following steps: soaking the carbon felt for 3 hours by using acetone to remove oily substances adsorbed on the surface of the carbon felt and increase the affinity of the surface of the carbon felt; pumping and washing with vacuum pump for 5 times, washing with deionized water, boiling with deionized water for 3 hr (changing water for 30 min), and oven drying; finally, the treated carbon felt is immersed in concentrated nitric acid (2 mol. L)-1) Washing the mixture for 5 hours by deionized water until the mixture is neutral, and drying the mixture.
In this embodiment, the plant floating bed device 8 is used to form a double cell system of the P-SMFC microbial cell system II on the basis of the microbial fuel cell system I, and simultaneously, the bottom sludge is repaired.
FIG. 3 is a power density chart of the polarization curve of the microbial fuel cell system of this example, in which the anode substrate is a substrate sludge (dry weight basis) containing 0, 2, and 5 wt% of carbon particles, and the measured power density is 5.32 mW.m-2、16.81mW·m-2、17.5mW·m-2The internal resistances are 3333.33 omega, 1083.33 omega and 805 omega respectively, so that the adoption of the double-microbial battery system and the addition of the carbon particles obviously improve the power density of the system, the power density of the system is more than 3 times of that of the conventional microbial battery system, and the internal resistance of the battery is reduced. Thus, it is possible to provideThe double systems can greatly improve the recovery efficiency of energy, and the efficiency and the speed of repairing the black and odorous bottom mud are also greatly improved.
The above technical scheme, the utility model, the key industrialization, scale, lasting, the fast scheduling problem that plays that the ecological improvement of the black and odorous bed mud pollution of the type of feeling damp river faces have been solved, still solved low cost, on a large scale, the problem of quick construction simultaneously.
Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment examples, and many modifications are possible. All modifications which can be derived or suggested by a person skilled in the art from the disclosure of the invention should be considered as within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111285575A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 广州益禄丰生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell |
| CN111762891A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-13 | 河北大学 | Water purification system and method of artificial floating island coupled with microbial fuel cell |
| NL2029145A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-27 | Univ Nankai | Aquatic plant-microbial electrochemical remediation system and application thereof and method for treating organic polluted water |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN111285575A (en) * | 2019-04-13 | 2020-06-16 | 广州益禄丰生态环保科技有限责任公司 | Method and equipment for repairing urban tidal river black and odorous bottom mud by using microbial fuel cell |
| CN111762891A (en) * | 2020-06-03 | 2020-10-13 | 河北大学 | Water purification system and method of artificial floating island coupled with microbial fuel cell |
| NL2029145A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-27 | Univ Nankai | Aquatic plant-microbial electrochemical remediation system and application thereof and method for treating organic polluted water |
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