CN210258308U - Vehicle-mounted electric appliance box and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Vehicle-mounted electric appliance box and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN210258308U CN210258308U CN201920690664.3U CN201920690664U CN210258308U CN 210258308 U CN210258308 U CN 210258308U CN 201920690664 U CN201920690664 U CN 201920690664U CN 210258308 U CN210258308 U CN 210258308U
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Abstract
The present disclosure relates to an on-vehicle electrical box and an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a low voltage lithium battery. The electrical apparatus box includes: the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with a VBU (visual basic unit) and a first load through the first relay, and the first relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery with the first load according to an instruction sent by the VBU; and the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with the VBU and a second load through the second relay, the second relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery and the second load according to the instruction sent by the VBU, and the second load is used for advancing the electric vehicle. The electric appliance box is simple in structure and high in safety.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of electric vehicle control, and in particular, to an on-vehicle electrical box and an electric vehicle.
Background
In general, a power battery and a low-voltage battery (e.g., a 12V lead-acid battery) are provided in an electric vehicle. The power battery is used as a high-voltage power supply and can provide high-voltage power supply for a power driving part motor of the electric vehicle.
The low-voltage battery supplies power to low-voltage devices in a low-voltage domain. The power supply objects in the low voltage domain include Accessories (ACC), driving critical systems (DSS), and non-driving critical systems (NDSS).
An ACC may include, among other things, a vehicle-independent system or element such as an in-vehicle entertainment system; the DSS and NDSS may encompass any system or element in the body and chassis that is relevant to driving. The DSS and the NDSS are not divided according to the system or component part, but are divided according to the principle of "whether the power-on must be maintained for driving guarantee when the DC-DC converter fails", that is, the DSS includes all the systems or components "the power-on must be maintained for driving guarantee" when the DC-DC converter fails, and the NDSS includes systems or components "the driving cannot be performed due to power failure when the DC-DC converter fails".
When the high-voltage system fails, the low-voltage storage battery can be used as a standby power supply to supply power to the vehicle-mounted components. The low-voltage battery of a conventional electric vehicle employs a lead-acid battery.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The purpose of this disclosure is to provide a safe, efficient on-vehicle electrical apparatus box and electric vehicle.
In order to achieve the above object, the present disclosure provides a vehicle-mounted electrical box applied to an electric vehicle including a low voltage lithium battery. The electrical apparatus box includes:
the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with a VBU (visual basic unit) and a first load through the first relay, and the first relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery with the first load according to an instruction sent by the VBU;
and the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with the VBU and a second load through the second relay, the second relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery and the second load according to the instruction sent by the VBU, and the second load is used for advancing the electric vehicle.
Optionally, the electrical box further includes a copper bar, one end of a coil of the first relay is connected to the VBU, the other end of the coil of the first relay is connected to a bonding wire, a stationary contact of the first relay is connected to the low-voltage lithium battery through the copper bar, and a moving contact of the first relay is connected to the first load.
Optionally, the electrical box further comprises a first fuse, a second fuse, a third fuse, a fourth fuse, a fifth fuse and a sixth fuse, and the first load comprises a low-voltage power socket, an external sound generator, a heat exchanger, a heating and ventilation air conditioner, an air conditioner controller, an air conditioner control panel, a water heating heater, an air heater, an electric compressor, a multimedia device, a seat heater, a fan, a battery water pump, a motor water pump, a blower and a damper heater;
the movable contact of the first relay is connected with a low-voltage power socket through the first fuse;
the movable contact of the first relay is respectively connected with the automobile exterior sounder, the heat exchanger and the heating ventilation air conditioner through the second fuse;
the movable contact of the first relay is respectively connected with the air conditioner controller, the air conditioner control panel, the water heating heater, the air heater and the electric compressor through the third fuse;
the movable contact of the first relay is connected with the multimedia device through the fourth fuse;
the movable contact of the first relay is connected with the seat heater through the fifth fuse;
the movable contact of the first relay is respectively connected with the fan, the battery water pump, the motor water pump, the blower and the windshield heater through the sixth fuse.
Optionally, the electrical box further includes a seventh fuse, one end of a coil of the second relay is connected to the VBU, the other end of the coil of the second relay is connected to a ground wire, a stationary contact of the second relay is connected to the low-voltage lithium battery through the seventh fuse, and a moving contact of the second relay is connected to the second load.
Optionally, the electrical box further comprises an eighth fuse, a ninth fuse and a tenth fuse, the second load comprises an electronic gear shifter, a drive motor controller, a body controller and a wiper motor;
the movable contact of the second relay is connected with the electronic gear shifter through the eighth fuse;
the movable contact of the second relay is connected with the driving motor controller through the ninth fuse;
the movable contact of the second relay is respectively connected with the vehicle body controller and the wiper motor through the tenth fuse.
Optionally, the electrical apparatus box still includes first windscreen wiper relay and second windscreen wiper relay, the movable contact of second relay passes through the tenth fuse is connected respectively the one end of the coil of first windscreen wiper relay, normally open contact and the one end of the coil of second windscreen wiper relay, the stationary contact of first windscreen wiper relay connects the stationary contact of second relay, the normally closed contact of first windscreen wiper relay connects the bonding wire, the normally closed contact and the normally open contact of second windscreen wiper relay connect the windscreen wiper motor, the other end of the coil of first windscreen wiper relay and the other end of the coil of second windscreen wiper relay connect respectively the automobile body controller.
Optionally, the electrical box further comprises:
and the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with the VBU and the awakening module in the third load through the third relay, and the third relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery with the awakening module in the third load according to the instruction sent by the VBU.
Optionally, the electrical box further includes an eleventh fuse, one end and a stationary contact of a coil of the third relay are respectively connected to the low-voltage lithium battery through the eleventh fuse, the other end of the coil of the third relay is connected to the VBU, and a movable contact of the third relay is respectively connected to the VBU and the wake-up module in the third load.
Optionally, the third load comprises an electronic steering lock column, a vehicle body controller, an airbag controller, a gateway, a vehicle body stabilization system, a corner sensor, a multimedia device, an instrument panel, a drive motor controller, and a tire pressure controller.
The present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle including the above-mentioned electrical apparatus box that the present disclosure provided.
Through the technical scheme, the lead-acid storage battery in the electric vehicle is replaced by the low-voltage lithium battery to serve as a low-voltage power supply for supplying power to low-voltage devices in the electric vehicle. The lithium battery has small volume, light weight and high energy density, thereby saving the space in the vehicle and reducing the weight of the vehicle. In the electrical box, two relays are arranged, so that the power supply of the low-voltage lithium battery to the load for the traveling of the electric vehicle and the power supply of the load not for the traveling of the electric vehicle are controlled respectively. Like this, when whole car the control unit judge that the electric quantity of low pressure lithium cell is low excessively, can control the disconnection of first relay, the second relay is closed to make the low pressure lithium cell only to be used for the load power supply that electric vehicle marchd, and not supply power to the load that is not used for electric vehicle to march, with the power saving, guarantee electric vehicle's the power consumption of traveling. Therefore, the electric appliance box is simple in structure and high in safety.
Additional features and advantages of the disclosure will be set forth in the detailed description which follows.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments of the disclosure and together with the description serve to explain the disclosure without limiting the disclosure. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an appliance box provided in an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first relay connected to a first load according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second relay connected to a second load according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a third relay connected to a third load according to an exemplary embodiment;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a low voltage lithium battery according to an exemplary embodiment providing a memory power supply via an electrical box;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage lithium battery provided by another exemplary embodiment for providing a memory power source through an electrical box.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of specific embodiments of the present disclosure is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the detailed description and specific examples, while indicating the present disclosure, are given by way of illustration and explanation only, not limitation.
The low-voltage power distribution architecture of the electric vehicle is greatly different from that of the traditional fuel oil automobile:
1. because the starting requirement electrification strategies of a starter, a generator, an engine and the like are cancelled, the relevant electrification strategies are completed by using the motor under the control of the module;
2. the requirement of the electric vehicle for high endurance mileage of the vehicle is that the weight reduction of the vehicle becomes important. In the present disclosure, the lead-acid battery originally in the electric vehicle is replaced with a low-voltage lithium battery (e.g., a ternary lithium battery). The lithium battery has small volume, light weight and high energy density, thereby saving the space in the vehicle and reducing the weight of the vehicle.
And the change of the pure electric vehicle starting mode does not need instantaneous large starting current any more, so the residual capacity of the lithium battery is greatly reduced compared with that of the traditional vehicle, the residual capacity of the traditional battery is between 75% and 80%, and the residual capacity of the lithium battery is about 30% to 35%.
3. On the premise of meeting the starting requirement, an optimized distribution scheme needs to be made for a power distribution framework of the whole vehicle.
The present disclosure provides a vehicle-mounted electrical box applied to an electric vehicle. The electric vehicle includes a low voltage lithium battery. Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an electrical box provided in an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 1, the electrical box may include a first relay and a second relay.
The low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with a Vehicle Control Unit (VBU) and a first load through a first relay. The first relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery and the first load according to the instruction sent by the VBU.
The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with the VBU and the second load through the second relay respectively. The second relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery and a second load according to the instruction sent by the VBU, and the second load is used for advancing of the electric vehicle.
The VBU is a combination of a Vehicle Control Unit (VCU) and a Battery Management System (BMS) in the related art.
Specifically, after receiving a Remote Key Entry (RKE) signal or a Remote control signal, the entire vehicle wakes up. And the VBU gradually switches on the second relay and the first relay according to the state of the whole vehicle. The High Voltage Module (HVM) converts the electric quantity of the power battery to supply power for the driving key device and the non-key device.
The second load may be a driving critical device for the travel of the electric vehicle. As long as it is a system that affects driving safety, for example, BCM, electronic shift system, FMCU, RMCU, wiper system, etc. The first load can be a non-critical driving device and has functions of not affecting driving safety, assisting an entertainment system and increasing comfort, such as functions of an external sounding system, an air conditioning system, a seat heating function, a fan and the like.
In the electrical box, two relays, namely a first relay and a second relay, are arranged, so that the power supply of the low-voltage lithium battery to the load for the traveling of the electric vehicle and the power supply of the load not used for the traveling of the electric vehicle are respectively controlled. Like this, when whole car the control unit judge that the electric quantity of low pressure lithium cell is low excessively, can control the disconnection of first relay, the second relay is closed to make the low pressure lithium cell only to be used for the load power supply that electric vehicle marchd, and not supply power to the load that is not used for electric vehicle to march, with the power saving, guarantee electric vehicle's the power consumption of traveling. Therefore, the electric appliance box is simple in structure and high in safety.
When HVM faults or the power battery can not provide power needed by each load under the first relay and the second relay, the VBU can control to disconnect the first relay corresponding to the non-key part, and at the moment, the storage battery can be started to supply power to the vehicle driving key part (namely, the second load).
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first relay connected to a first load according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 2, the electrical box may further include a copper bar, one end 1 of the coil of the first relay is connected to the VBU, the other end 2 of the coil of the first relay is connected to the bonding wire, the stationary contact 3 of the first relay is connected to the low-voltage lithium battery through the copper bar, and the movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected to the first load.
The electrical box can further comprise a first fuse, a second fuse, a third fuse, a fourth fuse, a fifth fuse and a sixth fuse. The first load may include a low voltage power outlet (12V power outlet), an out-of-vehicle sound generator, a heat exchanger, a heating and ventilation air conditioner, an air conditioner controller, an air conditioner control panel, a water heater, an air heater, an electric compressor, a multimedia device, a seat heater, a fan, a battery water pump, an electric motor water pump, a blower, and a damper heater.
In fig. 2, the movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected to a low-voltage power outlet (12V power outlet) through a first fuse.
The movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected to an external sound generator, a heat exchanger (solenoid valve) and a Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) (solenoid valve) through a second fuse.
The movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected to an air conditioner controller, an air conditioner control panel, a water heater (e.g., a PTC heater with a Positive Temperature Coefficient), an air heater, and an electric compressor through a third fuse, respectively.
The movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected with the multimedia device through a fourth fuse.
The movable contact 4 of the first relay is connected to a seat heater (including a driver seat heater and a passenger seat heater) through a fifth fuse.
The movable contact 4 of the first relay is respectively connected with a fan (connected through a high/low speed fan relay), a battery water pump (connected through a battery water pump relay), a motor water pump (connected through a motor water pump relay), an air blower (connected through an air blower relay) and a windshield heater (connected through a windshield heater relay) through a sixth fuse.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a second relay connected to a second load according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 3, the electrical box may further include a seventh fuse. One end 5 of a coil of the second relay is connected with the VBU, the other end 6 of the coil of the second relay is connected with a bonding wire, a static contact 7 of the second relay is connected with the low-voltage lithium battery through the seventh fuse, and a movable contact 8 of the second relay is connected with the second load.
The electrical box may further include an eighth fuse, a ninth fuse, and a tenth fuse. The second load may include an electronic shifter, a drive motor controller, a body controller, and a wiper motor.
The movable contact 8 of the second relay is connected with the electronic gear shifter through an eighth fuse.
The movable contact 8 of the second relay is connected with the driving motor controller through a ninth fuse. The drive Motor controller may include a Front Motor Control Unit (FMCU) and a Rear Motor Control Unit (RMCU).
The movable contact 8 of the second relay is connected with a Body Controller (BCM) and a wiper motor respectively through a tenth fuse.
In fig. 3, the electrical box may further include a first wiper relay and a second wiper relay. The moving contact 8 of the second relay is connected to one end 9 of the coil of the first wiper relay, the normally open contact 11, and one end 14 of the coil of the second wiper relay, respectively, through a tenth fuse. The stationary contact 12 of the first wiper relay is connected to the stationary contact 16 of the second relay. The normally closed contact 13 of the first wiper relay is connected to a bonding wire. The normally closed contact 18 and the normally open contact 17 of the second wiper relay are connected with the wiper motor. The other end 10 of the coil of the first wiper relay and the other end 15 of the coil of the second wiper relay are respectively connected with the vehicle body controller.
In yet another embodiment, the low voltage lithium battery may provide a wake-up power source through the electrical box, comparable to the ING electrical function on a conventional fuel-fired vehicle. In this embodiment, the electrical box may further include a third relay. And the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with the VBU and the awakening module in the third load through a third relay. And the third relay is used for connecting or disconnecting the low-voltage lithium battery with the awakening module in the third load according to the instruction sent by the VBU. The third load is a load that can be woken up.
The instrument panel displays SOC that can be distinguished from the actual SOC value. The control strategy when the SOC is below a predetermined threshold can be divided into three levels for control (alarm, turning off part of the electrical equipment to limit power and stopping).
Specifically, when the SOC is below a predetermined threshold, the torque output may be limited by VBU control. And the VBU can also close or limit the electric appliances of the whole vehicle according to the energy consumption level of the whole vehicle so as to achieve the purpose of prolonging the endurance mileage.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a third relay connected to a third load according to an exemplary embodiment. As shown in fig. 4, the electrical box further includes an eleventh fuse. One end 19 of a coil of the third relay and the static contact 21 are respectively connected with the low-voltage lithium battery through an eleventh fuse. The other end 20 of the coil of the third relay is connected with the VBU, and the movable contact 22 of the third relay is respectively connected with the VBU and the awakening module in the third load.
Specifically, the third load may include an electronic steering lock cylinder, a vehicle body controller, an airbag controller, a gateway, a vehicle body stabilizing system, a rotation angle sensor, a multimedia device, an instrument panel, a drive motor controller, and a tire pressure controller.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected to an Electronic Steering Column Lock (ESCL) through a twelfth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected to the wake-up module of the BCM through a thirteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected to a wake-up module of an Electronic Control Unit (ECU) of the airbag through a fourteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected with the wake-up module of the gateway through a fifteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay connects a wake-up module of an Electronic Stability Program (ESP) and a wake-up module of a rotation angle sensor through a sixteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected with the awakening module of the multimedia device through a seventeenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected with the wake-up module of the instrument cluster through an eighteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected to the wake-up module of the drive motor controller (including FMCU and RMCU) through a nineteenth fuse.
The movable contact 22 of the third relay is connected with the wake-up module of the tire pressure controller through a twentieth fuse.
The low-voltage lithium battery can also provide a memory power supply for partial modules in the vehicle through the electrical box, and is used for realizing various functions after the vehicle is powered off. Such as T-BOX, VBU, BCM, ESP, Instrument Cluster Module (ICM), Voice-Activated Electronic System (VAES). The T-BOX is used for receiving a remote control signal; the BCM is used for receiving remote control signals, unlocking the vehicle, detecting and authenticating the key position; the ESP is used as a controller for driving stability control and braking.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage lithium battery provided by an exemplary embodiment for providing a memory power source through an electrical box. As shown in fig. 5, the electrical box further includes a twenty-first fuse, a twenty-second fuse, a twenty-third fuse, a twenty-fourth fuse, a twenty-fifth fuse, a twenty-sixth fuse, a twenty-seventh fuse, a twenty-eighth fuse, a twenty-ninth fuse, a thirty-fifth fuse, a thirty-first fuse, a horn relay, and a vacuum pump relay.
The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with the twenty-second fuse, the … … and the thirty-first fuse through the twenty-first fuse. The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with the DC/DC converter through a twenty-second fuse, is connected with an Electric Power Steering system (EPS) through a twenty-third fuse, is connected with a first body stabilizing system (Electronic Stability Program, ESP) (ESP1) through a twenty-fourth fuse, is connected with a second ESP (ESP2) through a twenty-fifth fuse, is respectively connected with one end 23 and a static contact 25 of a coil of the horn relay through a twenty-sixth fuse, the other end 24 of the coil of the horn relay is connected with a clock spring, and a movable contact 26 of the horn relay is connected with a high/low-sound horn.
The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with a static contact of the vacuum pump relay through a twenty-seventh fuse, and a movable contact of the vacuum pump relay is connected with the vacuum pump. One end of a coil of the vacuum pump relay is connected with the VBU, and the other end of the coil is connected with a bonding wire. And the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected to different modules of the VBU through a twenty-eighth fuse and a twenty-ninth fuse. The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with the brake switch through a thirtieth fuse and connected with the T-BOX through a thirty-first fuse.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-voltage lithium battery provided by another exemplary embodiment for providing a memory power source through an electrical box.
As shown in fig. 6, the electrical box further includes a thirty-second fuse, a thirty-third fuse, a thirty-fourth fuse, a thirty-fifth fuse, a thirty-sixth fuse, a thirty-seventh fuse, a thirty-eighth fuse, a thirty-ninth fuse, a forty-fourth fuse, an intranet relay, and an ESCL relay.
And the low-voltage lithium battery is respectively connected with the thirty-third fuse, the … … and the forty-fourth fuse through the thirty-second fuse. The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with different modules of the BCM through a thirty-third fuse, a thirty-fourth fuse, a thirty-fifth fuse and a thirty-sixth fuse respectively, is connected with the left and right glass lifting drivers through a thirty-seventeenth fuse, is connected with the combination instrument through a thirty-eighteenth fuse, is connected with the vehicle-mounted diagnosis system (On-Board diagnostics, OBD) through a thirty-nineteenth fuse, is connected with one end 31 and a static contact 33 of a coil of the intranet relay respectively through a forty-th fuse, the other end 32 of the coil of the intranet relay is connected with the VBU, and a movable contact 34 of the intranet relay is connected with the combination interface.
The low-voltage lithium battery is connected with one end 35 of a coil of the ESCL relay through a fourth eleventh fuse, and the other end 36 of the coil of the ESCL relay is connected with the VBU. The stationary contact 37 of the ESCL relay is connected to the ESCL, and the movable contact 38 is connected to the earth strap.
The present disclosure also provides an electric vehicle including the above-mentioned electrical apparatus box that the present disclosure provided.
The preferred embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, however, the present disclosure is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications may be made to the technical solution of the present disclosure within the technical idea of the present disclosure, and these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present disclosure.
It should be noted that the various features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner without departing from the scope of the invention. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations will not be separately described in this disclosure.
In addition, any combination of various embodiments of the present disclosure may be made, and the same should be considered as the disclosure of the present disclosure, as long as it does not depart from the spirit of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201920690664.3U CN210258308U (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | Vehicle-mounted electric appliance box and electric vehicle |
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| CN201920690664.3U CN210258308U (en) | 2019-05-14 | 2019-05-14 | Vehicle-mounted electric appliance box and electric vehicle |
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| CN210258308U true CN210258308U (en) | 2020-04-07 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114954309A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-08-30 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile static power supply management system, method, power shortage prevention device, equipment and medium |
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2019
- 2019-05-14 CN CN201920690664.3U patent/CN210258308U/en active Active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114954309A (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2022-08-30 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile static power supply management system, method, power shortage prevention device, equipment and medium |
| CN114954309B (en) * | 2022-03-11 | 2024-05-14 | 重庆长安汽车股份有限公司 | Automobile static power supply management system, method, power shortage prevention device, equipment and medium |
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