CN210199274U - Power supply management device - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the application discloses power management device, the device include current/voltage detection module, electronic switch, over discharge protection module, overcurrent protection module and surge protection module, wherein: the current/voltage detection module is connected with the battery and the load and is used for detecting the battery voltage value at two ends of the battery, the current value of the battery and the load voltage value at two ends of the load; the over-discharge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the voltage value of the battery; the overcurrent protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the current value; the surge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the load voltage value; the electronic switch is connected with the battery and the load and used for disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal.

Description

Power supply management device

Technical Field

The embodiment of the application relates to the technical field of power electronics, and relates to but is not limited to a power management device.

Background

The geological exploration intelligent management robot is a precise electronic device for monitoring and managing the whole geological exploration process, is placed in a construction site, and needs to adapt to severe working environments such as severe cold, severe summer heat, humidity, dust and the like; in addition, the geological exploration intelligent management robot has long working time every day, and has the functions of data network transmission and local storage (the local data storage time is as long as 7 days).

The power supply system is a power foundation for ensuring the normal work of the geological exploration intelligent management robot, the core of the power supply management is how to effectively distribute power supplies to different components of the system, and the power supply management is very important for mobile equipment depending on battery power supplies.

Aiming at the working requirements of the geological exploration intelligent management robot, a set of special power supply management device is needed to efficiently manage the battery power supply use of the geological exploration intelligent management robot, so that the geological exploration intelligent management robot is ensured to realize long-term monitoring and management on the geological exploration overall process.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above, embodiments of the present application provide a power management device to solve at least one problem in the prior art.

The technical scheme of the embodiment of the application is realized as follows:

the embodiment of the application provides a power management device, including electric current/voltage detection module, electronic switch, over-discharge protection module, overcurrent protection module and surge protection module, wherein:

the current/voltage detection module is connected with a battery and a load and is used for detecting the battery voltage values at two ends of the battery, the current value of the battery and the load voltage values at two ends of the load;

the over-discharge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the voltage value of the battery;

the overcurrent protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the current value;

the surge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the load voltage value;

the electronic switch is connected with the battery and the load and used for disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal.

In the embodiment of the application, a current/voltage detection module of the power management device is used for detecting a battery voltage value at two ends of a battery, a current value of the battery and a load voltage value at two ends of a load, an over-discharge protection module can control an electronic switch to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the battery voltage value, an over-current protection module can control the electronic switch to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the current value of the battery, and a surge protection module can control the electronic switch to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the load voltage value. Therefore, the power management device can realize multi-directional protection of the battery and the load. When the power supply management device is applied to the geological exploration intelligent management robot, the damage to a battery power supply of the geological exploration intelligent management robot caused by a severe working environment can be prevented, and efficient management is carried out on the battery power supply of the geological exploration intelligent management robot.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a power management device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of another power management device according to an embodiment of the present application;

fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power management device according to an embodiment of the present application;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a charge-discharge characteristic curve of a lithium battery according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a lithium battery charging process according to an embodiment of the present application.

Detailed Description

Related power management products in the market generally lack charging protection and over-discharging protection, electric quantity and current measurement is too rough, detection modules are mutually independent and are difficult to adapt to complex severe environments, and the power management products are difficult to meet the working requirements of long-time working, whole-process monitoring, large multifunctional power consumption and the like of the geological exploration intelligent management robot under the complex environmental conditions due to the problems of incomplete functions.

Therefore, aiming at the special working requirements of the geological exploration intelligent management robot, the embodiment of the application provides the power supply management device applied to the rechargeable industrial equipment, and the industrial equipment can be the geological exploration intelligent management robot. The power management device can meet the power management requirement of industrial equipment in the complex severe environment work, has the functions of intelligent charging, battery and circuit protection, accurate measurement of battery power, battery loss prompt and the like, guarantees the safety of equipment circuits, prolongs the service life of batteries, and ensures that the equipment can keep a good working state for a long time.

The technical solution of the present application is further elaborated below with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.

Example one

The embodiment of the present application provides a power management device, as shown in fig. 1, the device includes a current/voltage detection module 101, an electronic switch 102, an over-discharge protection module 103, an over-current protection module 104, and a surge protection module 105, where:

the current/voltage detection module 101 is connected to a battery and a load, and is configured to detect a battery voltage value at two ends of the battery, a current value of the battery, and a load voltage value at two ends of the load;

the over-discharge protection module 103 is connected to the current/voltage detection module 101 and the electronic switch 102, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the battery voltage value;

the overcurrent protection module 104 is connected to the current/voltage detection module 101 and the electronic switch 102, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 102 according to the current value;

the surge protection module 105 is connected to the current/voltage detection module 101 and the electronic switch 102, and configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 102 according to the load voltage value;

the electronic switch 102 is connected to the battery and the load, and is configured to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal.

Here, the electronic switch 102 connects the battery and the load, respectively. Thus, when the electronic switch 102 is in the connection state, the battery, the load and the electronic switch 102 form a closed electrical loop, and the electrical connection between the battery and the load is established, so that the battery can supply power to the load; when the electronic switch 102 is in the open state, the battery, the load and the electronic switch 102 cannot form a closed electrical circuit, and the electrical connection between the battery and the load is broken, so that the battery cannot supply power to the load.

After receiving the disconnection signal sent by the over-discharge protection module 103, the over-current protection module 104, or the surge protection module 105, the electronic switch 102 is switched from the connection state to the disconnection state, at this time, the battery, the load, and the electronic switch 102 cannot form a closed electrical loop, and the electrical connection between the battery and the load is also disconnected.

The current/voltage detection module 101 is connected to the battery, and detects a battery voltage value and a current value at both ends of the battery. The voltage value of the battery is the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the battery, and the value is positive; the current value is an absolute value of a discharge current value or a charge current value flowing through the battery, and the value is positive.

In order to prevent the battery and the load from being damaged due to the fact that the voltage value and the current value of the battery exceed the normal range in the charging and discharging process of the battery, the over-discharge protection module 103 of the power management device receives the voltage values of the battery at two ends of the battery detected by the current/voltage detection module 101, and sends a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 102 when the voltage values of the battery exceed the normal range; the overcurrent protection module 104 receives the current value of the battery detected by the current/voltage detection module 101, and sends an off signal to the electronic switch 102 when the current value is out of a normal range.

The electronic switch 102 disconnects the electrical connection between the battery and the load upon receiving the disconnect signal. Therefore, the battery can stop supplying power to the load when the voltage value or the current value of the battery exceeds a normal range, and the battery and the load are prevented from being damaged due to voltage or current abnormity.

In some embodiments, the over-discharge protection module 103 is configured to send an off signal to the electronic switch 102 when the battery voltage value is lower than a first set value.

In the discharging process of the battery, the voltage is gradually reduced along with the gradual reduction of the electric quantity. If the voltage of the battery is lower than a certain value and then the power supply to the load is not stopped, the battery is damaged due to over discharge. In order to prevent damage due to over-discharge of the battery, the user may set the first set value as the lowest value of the battery voltage value. The over-discharge protection module 103 compares the received battery voltage value with a first set value, and when the battery voltage value is lower than the first set value, the over-discharge protection module 103 sends a turn-off signal to the electronic switch 102. The electronic switch 102 disconnects the electrical connection of the battery to the load according to the disconnection signal. Thus, by disconnecting the electrical connection of the battery to the load when the battery voltage value falls to a certain extent, it is possible to prevent the battery from being damaged due to excessive discharge.

In some embodiments, the over-current protection module 104 is configured to send an off signal to the electronic switch 102 when the current value is higher than a second set value.

In the process of discharging the battery, the discharge current value is possibly overlarge due to short circuit and the like; during the charging of the battery, the charging current value may be too large due to a failure of the charging power supply or the like. In order to prevent damage to the battery or the load, which may be caused by excessive discharge current and charge current, the user may set the second set value as the maximum value of the current value. The over-current protection module 104 compares the received current value with a second set value, and when the current value is higher than the second set value, the over-current protection module 104 sends an off signal to the electronic switch 102. The electronic switch 102 disconnects the electrical connection of the battery to the load according to the disconnection signal. In this way, by disconnecting the electrical connection of the battery and the load when the current value rises to a certain extent, it is possible to prevent the battery from being damaged due to excessive current.

The current/voltage detection module 101 is connected to a load, and sets a flow direction of a discharge current of the battery as a reference direction of a load voltage when detecting a load voltage value at both ends of the load. In practical applications, the load is complex in composition, and may exhibit the same characteristics as one of a resistor, a capacitor, or an inductor, or may exhibit the combined characteristics of any two of the three components, or the combined characteristics of the three components. Based on the complex characteristic of the load, when the discharge current of the battery flows through the load, the load voltage at two ends of the load may be the same as the flow direction of the discharge current and is expressed as a positive value; it is also possible to exhibit a negative value in the opposite direction to the flow direction of the discharge current. If the load voltage across the load is negative, the load acts as a voltage source connected in series with the battery in reverse, with the positive pole of the voltage source opposite to the positive pole of the battery and the negative pole of the voltage source opposite to the negative pole of the battery. If the potential difference between the positive pole and the negative pole of the voltage source is larger than the potential difference between the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery, the battery is broken down reversely, and damage is caused.

Here, the surge protection module 105 may send an off signal to the electronic switch 102 when the load voltage value exceeds the normal range, causing the risk of breakdown of the battery to become high. The electronic switch 102 disconnects the electrical connection between the battery and the load upon receiving the disconnect signal. Thus, the battery stops supplying power to the load, and reverse breakdown of the battery caused by the load voltage opposite to the discharge current is prevented.

In some embodiments, the surge protection module 105 is configured to send an off signal to the electronic switch 102 when the load voltage value is lower than a third set value.

In order to prevent reverse breakdown of the battery, the user may set the third set value as the lowest value of the load voltage value. Here, the value of the third set value is negative. Therefore, when the load voltage value is positive, the surge protection module 105 is not triggered to initiate protection of the battery. Only when the load voltage value is negative and the absolute value of the load voltage value is greater than the absolute value of the third setting value, that is, the load voltage value is lower than the third setting value, the surge protection module 105 sends a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 102 to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load, so as to prevent the battery from being reversely broken down.

In this embodiment, the current/voltage detection module 101 of the power management device is configured to detect a battery voltage value at two ends of a battery, a current value of the battery, and a load voltage value at two ends of a load, the over-discharge protection module 103 may control the electronic switch 102 to disconnect electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the battery voltage value, the over-current protection module 104 may control the electronic switch 102 to disconnect electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the battery current value, and the surge protection module 105 may control the electronic switch 102 to disconnect electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the load voltage value. Thus, the power management device can realize multi-directional protection of the battery and the load. When the power supply management device is applied to the geological exploration intelligent management robot, the damage to a battery power supply of the geological exploration intelligent management robot caused by a severe working environment can be prevented, the circuit safety of the power supply and a load is ensured, the service life of a battery is prolonged, efficient management is carried out on the battery power supply of the geological exploration intelligent management robot, and the geological exploration intelligent management robot is ensured to keep a good working state for a long time.

Example two

An embodiment of the present application provides a power management device, as shown in fig. 2, the device includes a current/voltage detection module 201, an electronic switch 202, an over-discharge protection module 203, an over-current protection module 204, a surge protection module 205, and a management controller 206, where:

the current/voltage detection module 201 is connected to a battery and a load, and is configured to detect a battery voltage value across the battery, a current value of the battery, and a load voltage value across the load;

the over-discharge protection module 203 is connected with the electronic switch 202, and is connected with the current/voltage detection module 201 through the management controller 206, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 202 according to the battery voltage value;

the overcurrent protection module 204 is connected to the electronic switch 202, and is connected to the current/voltage detection module 201 through the management controller 206, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 202 according to the current value;

the surge protection module 205 is connected to the electronic switch 202, and is connected to the current/voltage detection module 201 through the management controller 206, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 202 according to the load voltage value;

the management controller 206 is respectively connected to the current/voltage detection module 201, the over-discharge protection module 203, the over-current protection module 204 and the surge protection module 205, and configured to receive the battery voltage value, the current value and the load voltage value, send the battery voltage value to the over-discharge protection module 203, send the current value to the over-current protection module 204, and send the load voltage value to the surge protection module 205;

the electronic switch 202 is connected to the battery and the load, and is configured to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal.

Here, the management controller 206 is connected to the current/voltage detection module 201, the over-discharge protection module 203, the over-current protection module 204, and the surge protection module 205, respectively, for transferring a battery voltage value between the current/voltage detection module 201 and the over-discharge protection module 203, a current value between the current/voltage detection module 201 and the over-current protection module 204, and a load voltage value between the current/voltage detection module 201 and the surge protection module 205. Thus, even if the current/voltage detection module 201, the over-discharge protection module 203, the over-current protection module 204 and the surge protection module 205 respectively adopt different interfaces or data transmission modes, signal transmission among the modules is not affected. For example, when the current/voltage detection module 201 communicates by using a serial port, and the overdischarge protection module 203, the overcurrent protection module 204, and the surge protection module 205 communicate by using a parallel port, data exchange among the current/voltage detection module 201, the overdischarge protection module 203, the overcurrent protection module 204, and the surge protection module 205 can be realized only by simultaneously setting a serial port communication unit and a parallel port communication unit in the management controller 206, and it is not necessary to simultaneously set a serial port communication unit and a parallel port communication unit in each module. Therefore, the equipment cost can be saved, the centralized processing and the centralized storage of the data are realized, the data processing efficiency of the power management device is improved, and the performance is improved.

In some embodiments, the management controller 206 further includes a storage unit, which can store data sent by each module to the management controller 206, so as to facilitate tracing and tracking the operation status of the battery.

In some embodiments, the power management device further comprises a charging module, wherein:

the management controller 206 is further connected to the charging module, and is further configured to determine a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the battery voltage value or the current value, and send the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module;

the charging module is connected with the battery and used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value.

Here, the charging module controls a charging process of the battery. This charging process may occur when the battery is low and is close to an overdischarge state, or may occur when the user thinks that the battery needs to be charged. When the amount of charge stored in the battery is different, that is, the real-time charge value of the battery is different, the optimum charging mode is also different.

In order to charge the battery by adopting the most suitable charging mode and improve the charging efficiency, the charging module can select the corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value of the battery. Here, different charging currents or different charging voltages characterize different charging modes. The charging module controls the charging mode of the battery by adjusting the charging current or the charging voltage of the battery, so that the battery is charged in the most suitable charging mode at any moment, and the charging efficiency is improved.

Generally, the real-time electric quantity value of a battery is related to the charge and discharge current and the charge and discharge time of the battery. The amount of charge C that the battery increases or decreases can be obtained from equation (1):

C＝I×t (1)

wherein, I is a discharging current or a charging current of the battery, and t is a discharging time corresponding to the discharging current or a charging time corresponding to the charging current. When the charge/discharge current of the battery varies with time, the amount of electricity that the battery increases can be obtained from the integral of the charge current with respect to the charge time, and the amount of electricity that the battery decreases can be obtained from the integral of the discharge current with respect to the discharge time. The real-time electric quantity value of the battery can be obtained according to the initial electric quantity value of the battery and the increased and decreased electric quantity of the battery. Here, the management controller 206 stores therein the current value transmitted from the current/voltage detection module 201, and thus can track the real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the current value.

In addition, the voltage value of the battery at the two ends of the battery and the real-time electric quantity value of the battery have a certain corresponding relation, and the corresponding relation is expressed as a charging and discharging characteristic curve of the battery. For a specific type and a specific model of battery, a charge-discharge characteristic curve can be obtained through experiments. The charge-discharge characteristic curve of the battery is stored in the management controller 206, and the management controller 206 can obtain a corresponding real-time electric quantity value according to the current battery voltage value.

In some embodiments, the power management device further comprises a temperature detection module, wherein:

the temperature detection module is connected with the battery and is used for detecting the temperature value of the battery;

the management controller 206 is further connected to the temperature detection module and the electronic switch, and is further configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the temperature value.

Here, the temperature detection module is connected to the battery, detects the temperature of the battery, and transmits the detected temperature value to the management controller 206. In order to prevent explosion caused by too high temperature of the battery, the management controller 206 sends an off signal to the electronic switch 202 when the temperature value is higher than a fourth set value, so that the battery enters a standby mode, and power supply to the load is temporarily stopped; when the temperature value of the battery is not higher than the fourth setting value, the management controller 206 sends a connection signal to the electronic switch 202 so that the battery continues to supply power to the load. In order to prevent the battery from being too low in temperature and unable to supply enough current, the management controller 206 sends an off signal to the electronic switch 202 when the temperature value is lower than a fifth set value, so that the battery enters a standby mode, and power supply to the load is temporarily stopped; when the temperature value of the battery is not lower than the fifth setting value, the management controller 206 sends a connection signal to the electronic switch 202 so that the battery continues to supply power to the load. The management controller 206 determines whether the battery should continue to discharge or enter a standby mode according to the temperature value of the battery, so as to protect the battery and the load.

In some embodiments, the power management device further comprises a charging module, wherein:

the management controller 206 is further connected to the charging module, and is further configured to determine a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the battery voltage value and the temperature value, and send the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module;

the charging module is connected with the battery and used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value.

Here, the charging module also selects an optimum charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value. In contrast, the management controller 206 determines the real-time electric quantity value of the battery while referring to the current value and the temperature value of the battery. In the charging and discharging process of the battery, different temperatures correspond to different charging and discharging characteristic curves. The management controller 206 selects a charging and discharging characteristic curve corresponding to the temperature value according to the current temperature value of the battery, and determines a corresponding real-time electric quantity value according to the voltage value of the battery based on the charging and discharging specific curve. In this way, the management controller 206 can obtain the real-time electric quantity value of the battery more accurately, and the charging module can select the charging mode of the battery more accurately and charge the battery in the charging mode.

In some embodiments, the power management device further comprises a mechanical switch, wherein:

the management controller 206 is further connected to the mechanical switch and the electronic switch, and is further configured to send a disconnection signal or a connection signal to the electronic switch 202 according to a position of the mechanical switch;

the electronic switch 202 is further configured to establish an electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the connection signal.

Here, the mechanical switch may be a button or a toggle switch. The user can press the mechanical switch or toggle the mechanical switch to establish or break the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the actual requirements of the current load.

When the user operates the mechanical switch, the position signal generating unit corresponding to the mechanical switch transmits a mechanical switch position signal to the management controller 206. From the position signal, supervisory controller 206 may determine whether the current position of the mechanical switch is open or connected. If the current position of the mechanical switch is off, management controller 206 sends an off signal to electronic switch 202; the electronic switch 202 disconnects the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal. If the current position of the mechanical switch is connected, management controller 206 sends a connection signal to electronic switch 202; the electronic switch 202 establishes an electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the connection signal. Therefore, a user can control whether the battery supplies power to the outside according to the actual requirement of the load, and the electric quantity is effectively saved.

In some embodiments, the management controller 206 is further configured to determine an actual maximum charge value of the battery according to the charge value when the battery is fully charged;

and the charging module is used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the comparison result of the real-time electric quantity value and the actual maximum electric quantity value.

With the increase of the charging and discharging times, the actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery is gradually reduced, namely, the electric charge which can be accumulated by the battery in the charging process and the electric charge which can be discharged by the battery in the discharging process are gradually reduced. For the situation that the actual maximum electric quantity values are different, the optimal charging modes of the batteries with the same real-time electric quantity values are different due to different end points of the battery charging process.

In order to more accurately determine the charging mode of the battery, the charging module may determine the charging mode of the battery according to a ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to an actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery. For example, when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is 10% or less, it indicates that the electric quantity in the battery is too low, and a trickle charge mode needs to be adopted; when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is 10% to 90%, the electric quantity of the battery is moderate, and a constant-current charging mode can be adopted; when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is more than 90%, the electric quantity of the battery is sufficient, and a constant-voltage charging mode can be adopted.

The current value of the battery at each time is stored in the management controller 206, and when the battery is fully charged, the management controller 206 calculates the actual maximum charge value of the battery based on the real-time charge value of the battery at the beginning of the charging cycle and the charge amount added to the battery during the charging cycle. In this way, the management controller 206 can accurately prompt the battery loss to remind the user to replace the battery in time.

At the same time, this actual maximum charge value is also sent to the charging module at the beginning of the next charging cycle for the charging module to determine the charging mode of the battery.

EXAMPLE III

The embodiment of the present application provides a power management device, as shown in fig. 3, the power management device includes an electronic switch 302, a mechanical switch 307, a charging module 309, a temperature detection module 310, a current/voltage detection module 301, an over-discharge protection module 303, an over-current protection module 304, a surge protection module 305, and a management controller 306, where:

the current/voltage detection module 301 is connected to the battery and the load, and is configured to detect a battery voltage value at two ends of the battery, a battery current value, and a load voltage value at two ends of the load;

the over-discharge protection module 303 is respectively connected with the electronic switch 302 and the management controller 306, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 302 when the battery voltage value is lower than a first set value;

the overcurrent protection module 304 is respectively connected with the electronic switch 302 and the management controller 306, and is configured to send a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 302 when the current value is higher than the second set value;

the surge protection module 305 is respectively connected with the electronic switch 302 and the management controller 306, and is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 302 when the load voltage value is lower than a third set value;

the temperature detection module 310 is connected with the battery and is used for detecting the temperature value of the battery;

the charging module 309 is connected to the battery, and configured to select a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to a comparison result between the real-time electric quantity value and the actual maximum electric quantity value;

the management controller 306 is respectively connected to the current/voltage detection module 301, the electronic switch 302, the over-discharge protection module 303, the over-current protection module 304, the surge protection module 305, the temperature detection module 310, the charging module 309 and the mechanical switch 307, and is configured to receive a battery voltage value, a current value, a load voltage value and a temperature value, send the battery voltage value to the over-discharge protection module 303, send the current value to the over-current protection module 304, and send the load voltage value to the surge protection module 305; and is also used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch 302 according to the temperature value; the charging module 309 is further configured to determine a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the temperature value and the battery voltage value, and send the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module 309; the device is also used for determining the actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery according to the electric quantity value when the battery is fully charged; and also for sending a disconnection signal or a connection signal to the electronic switch 302, depending on the position of the mechanical switch 307;

the electronic switch 302 is connected with the battery and the load and is used for disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the disconnection signal; and establishing electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the connection signal.

Here, the current/voltage detection module 301 is connected to the battery, and detects a battery voltage value and a current value at both ends of the battery. The voltage value of the battery is the potential difference between the anode and the cathode of the battery, and the value is positive; the current value is the absolute value of the discharge current value or the charge current value of the battery, and the value is positive.

In the discharging process of the battery, the voltage is gradually reduced along with the gradual reduction of the electric quantity. In order to prevent damage caused by over-discharge of the battery, it is necessary to stop the discharge process of the battery when the voltage of the battery is lowered to a certain degree. The management controller 306 receives the battery voltage value sent by the current/voltage detection module 301, and sends the battery voltage value to the over-discharge protection module 303. The over-discharge protection module 303 compares the battery voltage value with a first set value, and if the battery voltage value is lower than the first set value, the over-discharge protection module 303 sends a turn-off signal to the electronic switch 302. After receiving the disconnection signal, the electronic switch 302 disconnects the electrical connection between the battery and the load, thereby preventing the battery from being damaged due to over-discharge.

In some embodiments, the first set point may be 3V. Fig. 4 shows a charge-discharge characteristic curve of the lithium battery, and as can be seen from fig. 4, the final discharge voltage of the lithium battery is about 2.7V, and the minimum operating voltage of the actual device is 3V. Therefore, the first set value is set to be 3V, so that the battery stops discharging when the voltage is reduced to about 3V, and the battery is prevented from being damaged due to over-discharge on the premise of ensuring the normal work of the equipment.

During the discharging process of the battery, the current value is possibly overlarge due to short circuit and the like; during the charging of the battery, the charging current value may be too large due to a failure of the charging power supply or the like. Excessive discharge and charge currents may cause damage to the battery or the load. The management controller 306 receives the current value sent by the current/voltage detection module 301 and sends the current value to the overcurrent protection module 304. When the discharge current value of the battery is higher than the second set value, the over-current protection module 304 sends an off signal to the electronic switch 302 to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load, so as to prevent the battery or the load from being damaged due to excessive current flowing through the battery or the load.

In practical application, the load of the battery may be equivalent to a resistive element, a capacitive element, and an inductive element connected in series, and the load voltage values at the two ends of the load are the sum of the voltage values at the two ends of the resistive element, the capacitive element, and the resistive element. Depending on the nature of the load, the result of load equivalence may include only one of the three elements, or any two of the three elements, or all three elements, and accordingly, the load voltage value across the load is the value obtained by adding the voltage values across the corresponding elements.

When the current/voltage detection module 301 detects the load voltage value across the load, the flow of the discharge current of the battery is set as the reference direction of the load voltage. When the discharge current of the battery flows through the resistive element, the direction of voltage drop caused on the resistive element is the same as the flow direction of the discharge current, so that the voltage value at the two ends of the resistive element is a positive value; when the discharging current of the battery flows through the capacitive element, the direction of the voltage drop caused on the capacitive element is the same as the flow direction of the discharging current, so that the voltage value at two ends of the capacitive element is a positive value; when the discharging current of the battery flows through the inductive element, an induced voltage is generated at two ends of the inductive element, and the direction of the induced voltage is opposite to the flow direction of the discharging current, so that the voltage value at two ends of the inductive element is a negative value.

Then, when the equivalent load does not include an inductive element, the load voltage value at the two ends of the load must be a positive value; when the equivalent load comprises an inductive element, if the sum of the voltage values at the two ends of the capacitive element and the resistive element is smaller than the absolute value of the voltage value at the two ends of the inductive element, the load voltage value at the two ends of the load is a negative value.

If the load voltage across the load is negative, the load acts as a voltage source connected in series with the battery in reverse, with the positive pole of the voltage source opposite to the positive pole of the battery and the negative pole of the voltage source opposite to the negative pole of the battery. If the potential difference between the positive pole and the negative pole of the voltage source is larger than the potential difference between the positive pole and the negative pole of the battery, the battery is broken down reversely, and damage is caused. In this regard, the management controller 306 receives the load voltage value sent from the current/voltage detection module 301, and sends the load voltage value to the surge protection module 305. In order to prevent the battery from reverse breakdown due to the excessive load voltage value, the user may set a third setting value, which has a negative value and an absolute value smaller than the rated voltage value of the battery. The surge protection module 305 compares the load voltage value with a third set value, and sends an off signal to the electronic switch 302 to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load when the load voltage value is lower than the third set value, so as to prevent the battery from breakdown and damage due to the induced voltage caused by the load.

The temperature detection module 310 is connected to the battery, detects the temperature of the battery, and sends the detected temperature value to the management controller 306. In order to prevent explosion caused by too high temperature of the battery, the management controller 306 sends an off signal to the electronic switch 302 when the temperature value is higher than a fourth set value, so that the battery enters a standby mode and power supply to the load is temporarily stopped; when the temperature value of the battery is not higher than the fourth setting value, the management controller 306 sends a connection signal to the electronic switch 302 so that the battery continues to supply power to the load. In order to prevent the battery from being too low in temperature and unable to supply enough current, management controller 306 sends an off signal to electronic switch 302 when the temperature value is lower than a fifth set value, so that the battery enters a standby mode, and power supply to the load is temporarily stopped; when the temperature value of the battery is not lower than the fifth set value, the management controller 306 sends a connection signal to the electronic switch 302 so that the battery continues to supply power to the load. The management controller 306 determines whether the battery should continue to discharge or enter a standby mode according to the temperature value of the battery, so as to protect the battery and the load.

When the electric quantity of the battery is low and is close to an overdischarge state, the battery needs to be charged in time, and the battery is prevented from being damaged due to too low voltage; when the battery is sufficiently charged, the user can also start the charging process according to actual needs. When the amount of electricity stored in the battery is different, the optimum charging mode is also different.

As shown in fig. 5, when the amount of remaining power in the battery is small, the battery is charged by trickle charge, in which case the charging current is maintained at a constant small value and the battery voltage is slowly increased; when the residual electric quantity in the battery is large, the battery is suitable for being charged in a constant current charging mode, the charging current is maintained at a constant high value, and the voltage of the battery is rapidly increased; when the residual electric quantity in the battery is close to the full electric quantity, the battery is charged by adopting a constant voltage charging mode, the charging current is gradually reduced from a higher value in a constant current charging stage, and the voltage of the battery is kept constant.

In order to accurately select a suitable charging mode according to the amount of electricity remaining in the battery, the charging module 309 in the embodiment of the present application has a function of intelligently selecting a charging mode. The management controller 306 determines a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the current temperature value and the voltage value of the battery, and by combining the battery charging and discharging characteristic curve (fig. 4 shows a charging and discharging characteristic curve of a lithium battery) stored in the management controller 306, and sends the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module 309. The charging module 309 compares the real-time electric quantity value with the actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery, and determines whether the battery should adopt a charging mode of trickle charging, constant-current charging or constant-voltage charging at this time, thereby charging the battery in the corresponding charging mode.

Here, the charging module 309 may calculate a ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to an actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery, thereby determining a charging mode of the battery. For example, when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is 10% or less, it indicates that the electric quantity in the battery is too low, and a trickle charge mode needs to be adopted; when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is 10% to 90%, the electric quantity of the battery is moderate, and a constant-current charging mode can be adopted; when the ratio of the real-time electric quantity value to the actual maximum electric quantity value is more than 90%, the electric quantity of the battery is sufficient, and a constant-voltage charging mode can be adopted.

By the intelligent charging method, the most appropriate charging mode can be selected according to the current electric quantity of the battery, the charging speed of the battery is greatly improved, the voltage of the battery can be prevented from exceeding the necessary limit, and the safety and stability of the charging process are guaranteed.

With the increase of the charging and discharging times, the actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery is gradually reduced, that is, the electric charge which can be accumulated by the battery in the charging process and the electric charge which can be discharged by the battery in the discharging process are gradually reduced, and the service life of the battery is also reduced. Therefore, accurate prompt is required to be performed on the loss of the battery so as to remind the user of replacing the battery in time.

In the embodiment of the present application, when the battery is charged, the current/voltage detection module 301 also detects the current value and the voltage value of the battery, and sends the current value and the voltage value of the battery to the management controller 306. When the battery is fully charged, management controller 306 calculates the actual maximum charge value of the battery based on the real-time charge value of the battery at the beginning of this charging cycle and the amount of charge accumulated by the battery during the charging cycle. In this way, the management controller 306 can accurately prompt the loss of the battery and remind the user to replace the battery in time.

At the same time, the actual maximum charge value is also sent to the charging module 309 at the beginning of the next charging cycle for the charging module 309 to determine the charging mode of the battery.

In some embodiments, the mechanical switch 307 may be a push button or a toggle switch. The user may press the mechanical switch 307 or toggle the mechanical switch 307 to make or break the electrical connection between the battery and the load, depending on the actual demand of the current load. In some embodiments, an indicator light may be provided to indicate the position of the mechanical switch 307 so that the user can know whether the battery is currently providing power to the load.

In some embodiments, a position signal generating unit is connected to the mechanical switch 307, and the position signal generating unit is configured to send a position signal of the mechanical switch 307 to the management controller 306. For example, when the mechanical switch 307 is in the connection position, the position signal generation unit sends a high level to the management controller 306; when the mechanical switch 307 is in the off position, the position signal generation unit sends a low level to the management controller 306. If the management controller 306 receives a high level, indicating that the mechanical switch 307 is in the connection position, the management controller 306 sends a connection signal to the electronic switch 302, so that the electronic switch 302 establishes an electrical connection between the battery and the load, and the battery can start to provide power to the load; if the management controller 306 receives a low level, indicating that the mechanical switch 307 is in the open position, the management controller 306 sends an open signal to the electronic switch 302, causing the electronic switch 302 to open the electrical connection between the battery and the load, and the battery may stop providing power to the load. In other embodiments, the position signal generating unit may also send a pulse signal to the management controller 306 when the mechanical switch 307 is switched from the connection position to the disconnection position or from the disconnection position to the connection position to indicate that the position of the mechanical switch 307 is changed, so that the management controller 306 may control the electronic switch 302 to establish or break the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the change in the position of the mechanical switch 307. Therefore, a user can control whether the battery supplies power to the outside according to the actual requirement of the load, and the electric quantity is effectively saved.

In the embodiment of the present application, the management controller 306 stores a conventional discharge curve of the battery. The management controller 306 judges whether the discharge current of the battery is abnormal by comparing the difference between the actual discharge curve of the battery and the pre-stored conventional discharge curve, and plays a role in protecting the battery and the load by controlling the electronic switch 302 to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load in time.

Aiming at the problems of incomplete functions of charge protection, over-discharge protection and electric quantity and current measurement of related products in the market, the power management device provided by the embodiment of the application monitors the voltage value and the current value of the battery in real time through the current/voltage detection module, and monitors the temperature of the battery in real time through the temperature detection module. And when the temperature of the battery is abnormal, the management controller sends a disconnection signal to the electronic switch to disconnect the electrical connection between the battery and the load, so that the power supply of the battery is stopped, and the battery and the load are protected. The over-discharge protection module and the over-current protection module receive a voltage value and a current value of the battery sent by the management controller, and when the voltage of the battery is lower than a set value or the current of the battery is higher than the set value, the battery is controlled to stop discharging, so that over-discharge protection and over-current protection of the battery are achieved.

Aiming at the problems that related products in the market are insufficient in battery loss consideration and still use a rated electric quantity value when the electric quantity of the battery is calculated, the power management device of the embodiment of the application obtains the actual maximum electric quantity of the battery according to the accumulated electric quantity when the battery is fully charged after the battery is charged, so that the influence of the battery loss on the electric quantity of the battery is fully considered.

Aiming at the problems that power management modules of related products in the market are mutually independent and insufficient in hardware and data communication, in the power management device, a management controller is in real-time communication with the modules connected to the management controller, receives detection parameters sent by the detection modules and sends the detection parameters to the functional modules with requirements, so that information communication among the modules is realized, the modules work together in a coordinated manner, and the working efficiency of the power management device is improved.

The power management device of the embodiment of the application can be well suitable for a field geological exploration construction site, long-term and safe use of a power supply of the geological exploration intelligent management robot is guaranteed, and monitoring management of the geological exploration overall process can be achieved through the geological exploration intelligent management robot.

It should be appreciated that reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present application. Thus, the appearances of the phrases "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments. The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present application are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.

It should be noted that, in this document, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.

In the several embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed apparatus and method may be implemented in other ways. The above-described device embodiments are merely illustrative, for example, the division of the unit is only a logical functional division, and there may be other division ways in actual implementation, such as: multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be omitted, or not implemented. In addition, the coupling, direct coupling or communication connection between the components shown or discussed may be through some interfaces, and the indirect coupling or communication connection between the devices or units may be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

The units described as separate parts may or may not be physically separate, and parts displayed as units may or may not be physical units; can be located in one place or distributed on a plurality of network units; some or all of the units can be selected according to actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution of the embodiment.

In addition, all functional units in the embodiments of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may be separately regarded as one unit, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit; the integrated unit can be realized in a form of hardware, or in a form of hardware plus a software functional unit.

The above description is only for the embodiments of the present application, but the scope of the present application is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art can easily conceive of changes or substitutions within the technical scope of the present application, and shall be covered by the scope of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a power management device which characterized in that, includes current/voltage detection module, electronic switch, overdischarge protection module, overcurrent protection module and surge protection module, wherein:

the current/voltage detection module is connected with a battery and a load and is used for detecting the battery voltage values at two ends of the battery, the current value of the battery and the load voltage values at two ends of the load;

the over-discharge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the voltage value of the battery;

the overcurrent protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the current value;

the surge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module and the electronic switch and used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the load voltage value;

the electronic switch is connected with the battery and the load and used for disconnecting the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to a disconnection signal.

2. The apparatus of claim 1,

and the over-discharge protection module is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch when the voltage value of the battery is lower than a first set value.

3. The apparatus of claim 1,

and the overcurrent protection module is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch when the current value is higher than a second set value.

4. The apparatus of claim 1,

and the surge protection module is used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch when the load voltage value is lower than a third set value.

5. The apparatus of any of claims 1-4, further comprising a management controller, wherein:

the over-discharge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module through the management controller;

the overcurrent protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module through the management controller;

the surge protection module is connected with the current/voltage detection module through the management controller;

the management controller is respectively connected with the current/voltage detection module, the over-discharge protection module, the over-current protection module and the surge protection module, and is used for receiving the battery voltage value, the current value and the load voltage value, sending the battery voltage value to the over-discharge protection module, sending the current value to the over-current protection module and sending the load voltage value to the surge protection module.

6. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a charging module, wherein:

the management controller is also connected with the charging module, and is further used for determining a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the voltage value or the current value of the battery and sending the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module;

the charging module is connected with the battery and used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value.

7. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a temperature detection module, wherein:

the temperature detection module is connected with the battery and is used for detecting the temperature value of the battery;

the management controller is also connected with the temperature detection module and the electronic switch and is also used for sending a disconnection signal to the electronic switch according to the temperature value.

8. The apparatus of claim 7, further comprising a charging module, wherein:

the management controller is also connected with the charging module, and is further used for determining a real-time electric quantity value of the battery according to the battery voltage value and the temperature value and sending the real-time electric quantity value to the charging module;

the charging module is connected with the battery and used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the real-time electric quantity value.

9. The apparatus of claim 5, further comprising a mechanical switch, wherein:

the management controller is also connected with the mechanical switch and the electronic switch and is also used for sending a disconnection signal or a connection signal to the electronic switch according to the position of the mechanical switch;

the electronic switch is further used for establishing the electrical connection between the battery and the load according to the connection signal.

10. The apparatus according to claim 6 or 8,

the management controller is further used for determining the actual maximum electric quantity value of the battery according to the electric quantity value when the battery is fully charged;

and the charging module is used for selecting a corresponding charging mode to charge the battery according to the comparison result of the real-time electric quantity value and the actual maximum electric quantity value.

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