CN210074169U - Rectangular microstrip series-fed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a rectangular microstrip series-fed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide, which comprises a transmitting antenna, wherein the transmitting antenna comprises a first medium substrate (1), a first metal floor (2), a first metal patch and a first short-circuit part (6 b); the antenna further comprises a receiving antenna, wherein the receiving antenna comprises a second dielectric substrate (7), a second metal floor (8), a second metal patch, a second short-circuit part (12b), a pad (11) and a coaxial feed port (13). The utility model discloses an antenna is presented to rectangle microstrip cluster based on ground connection coplanar waveguide has characteristics such as gain height, directional diagram are stable, the section is low, light in weight and processing are simple.

Description

A Rectangular Microstrip Serial Feed Antenna Based on Grounded Coplanar Waveguide

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of microwave communication, and in particular relates to a rectangular microstrip string feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide.

Background technique

Microstrip antennas are widely used due to their advantages of low cost, light weight, low profile, small size, diverse electrical properties, and simple fabrication. The microstrip line array often feeds each radiating element with a feeding network composed of microstrip lines, which can not only improve the antenna gain, but also achieve a specific current distribution on the array through beamforming technology to obtain the desired antenna. Pattern, improving the directivity of the antenna. However, the increase of the array elements does not increase the gain by a corresponding multiple, and a part of the loss is caused by the lengthening of the feeder. Because of the simple and compact feeding network of the series-fed array, the loss is small, and the use of the series-fed array can easily and effectively form an area array.

When selecting the optimal PCB material for a circuit design, high-frequency circuit designers often need to consider circuit performance variations, physical size, and power levels. The choice of different transmission line technologies can affect the final performance of the circuit design, such as the use of microstrip lines or grounded coplanar waveguides (GCPW). In the grounded coplanar waveguide, the small distance between the top-layer ground conductor and the signal conductor can realize the low impedance of the circuit, and by adjusting the distance, the impedance of the circuit can be changed. As the spacing between the ground and signal conductors increases, so does the impedance. The effect of the ground conductors on the circuit decreases as the spacing between the top-layer ground conductors and signal conductors of the grounded coplanar waveguide increases. When the spacing is large enough, the grounded coplanar waveguide circuit behaves like a microstrip circuit. Although the microstrip line has high radiation loss in the high frequency band and the millimeter wave band and is difficult to achieve high-order mode suppression, the microstrip line can still be suitable for circuits with relatively narrow bandwidth in the microwave band. And the microstrip circuit is less sensitive to PCB processing technology and copper layer thickness and thickness differences. In contrast, grounded coplanar waveguides have relatively low radiation losses and good high-order mode rejection in the mmWave frequency band, making grounded coplanar waveguides a suitable transmission line technology for high frequencies. In addition, the grounded coplanar waveguide circuit has relatively less stringent requirements on PCB processing technology and deviation, which makes the grounded coplanar waveguide suitable for mass production and applications in high frequency bands.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a rectangular microstrip serial feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide in order to solve the above problems. Low radiation loss and good suppression of higher order modes.

The present invention realizes above-mentioned purpose through following technical scheme:

A rectangular microstrip serial feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide, comprising a transmitting antenna, the transmitting antenna comprising a first dielectric substrate, a first metal floor, a first metal patch and a first short-circuit component;

the first metal patch and the first metal floor are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the first dielectric substrate;

The first metal patch includes a transmission line of the wave port, a first patch array, a first ground patch of the coplanar waveguide, and a first center signal line of the coplanar waveguide;

the first patch array includes a plurality of first rectangular patches fed in series;

the transmission line is connected to one end of the first patch array;

The adjacent first rectangular patches are connected by the first center signal line;

Both sides of the first central signal line are provided with the first ground patch;

The first short circuit member penetrates the first dielectric substrate and connects the first ground patch and the first metal floor.

Further, it also includes a receiving antenna, the receiving antenna includes a second dielectric substrate, a second metal floor, a second metal patch, a second short-circuit component, a pad and a coaxial feed port;

the second metal patch and the second metal floor are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the second dielectric substrate;

The second metal patch includes a second patch array, a second ground patch of the coplanar waveguide, and a second center signal line of the coplanar waveguide;

the second patch array includes a number of second rectangular patches fed in series;

the pad is connected to one end of the second patch array;

The adjacent second rectangular patches are connected through the second center signal line;

Both sides of the second center signal line are provided with the second ground patch;

the second short-circuit component penetrates the dielectric substrate and connects the second ground patch and the second metal floor;

The coaxial feed port penetrates the dielectric substrate and is connected to the pad.

Among them, the receiving antenna is input through the coaxial feed port signal.

Further, the widths of the first rectangular patches are all the same, and the length ratio of the adjacent first rectangular patches is a fixed value, from the connection end of the first patch array and the transmission line to the other end. The length of the first rectangular patch gradually decreases.

Further, the widths of the second rectangular patches are all the same, and the length ratio of the adjacent second rectangular patches is a fixed value, from the connection end of the second patch array and the pad to the other. The length of the first rectangular patch at one end gradually decreases.

Further, the length and width of the first center signal line between the adjacent first rectangular patches are the same.

Further, the length and width of the second center signal line between the adjacent second rectangular patches are the same.

Further, it also includes a first impedance transformation line, and the first impedance transformation line is arranged between the transmission line and the first patch array.

Further, it also includes a second impedance transformation line, and the second impedance transformation line is arranged between the pad and the second patch array.

Among them, the first rectangular patches of the second patch array of the transmitting antenna in the present invention are divided into four groups and connected together, and the middle group has a section of impedance transformation line in addition to a section of microstrip connecting line.

Among them, the second rectangular patches of the second patch array of the receiving antenna in the present invention are divided into four groups and connected together, and the middle group has a second impedance transformation line in addition to a section of microstrip connecting line.

Further, the number of the first patch array and the second patch array is two. Wherein, the two first patch arrays form an angle of 180°. The two second patch arrays are at an angle of 180°.

Furthermore, each of the first ground patches is connected with two of the first short-circuit components, and each of the second ground patches is connected with two of the second short-circuit components. Among them, in the present invention, there are 12 first ground patches of the coplanar waveguide of the transmitting antenna in total, and the first short circuit components are symmetrically loaded on the first ground patches of the coplanar waveguide in a group of two. Wherein, the first ground patch is rectangular. This results in relatively low radiation losses and good suppression of higher-order modes.

There are 12 second ground patches of the coplanar waveguide of the receiving antenna in total, and the short-circuit components are symmetrically loaded on the second ground patches of the coplanar waveguide in groups of two. Wherein, the second ground patch is rectangular. This results in relatively low radiation losses and good suppression of higher-order modes.

Beneficial effects: The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention has the characteristics of low profile, low cost and simple fabrication, and has a firm grounding structure, relatively low radiation loss and good suppression of high-order modes.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a rectangular microstrip string-fed transmit antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the rectangular microstrip serial feed transmitting antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention;

3 is a perspective view of a rectangular microstrip string-feed receiving antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to the present invention;

4 is a top view of a rectangular microstrip string-feed receiving antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the side view of the rectangular microstrip string-feed receiving antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention along the A-A' section;

Fig. 6 is the reflection coefficient of the input end of the rectangular microstrip serial feed transmit antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the radiation pattern of the rectangular microstrip serial feed transmit antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention;

8 is the reflection coefficient of the input end of the rectangular microstrip string-feed receiving antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a radiation pattern of the rectangular microstrip string-feed receiving antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical scheme of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:

Please refer to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, FIG. 3, FIG. 4 and FIG. 5, the rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention includes a transmitting antenna, and the transmitting antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 1, a second A metal floor 2, a first metal patch and a first short circuit member 6b; the first metal patch and the first metal floor 2 are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the first dielectric substrate 1; the first metal patch includes a wave port The transmission line 3, the first patch array, the first ground patch 6a of the coplanar waveguide and the first center signal line 6c of the coplanar waveguide; the first patch array includes several first rectangular patches 4a fed in series, 4b, 4c, 4d; the transmission line 3 is connected to one end of the first patch array; the adjacent first rectangular patches 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d are connected by the first center signal line 6c; A first ground patch 6a is provided on both sides; the first short circuit member 6b penetrates the first dielectric substrate 1 and connects the first ground patch 6a and the first metal floor 2 .

Preferably, the widths of the first rectangular patches 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are all the same, and the length ratio of the adjacent first rectangular patches 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d is a fixed value. The length of the first rectangular patch 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d gradually decreases from the connecting end to the other end.

Preferably, the length and width of the first central signal line 6c between the adjacent first rectangular patches 4a, 4b, 4c, and 4d are the same.

Preferably, a first impedance transformation line 5a is also included, and the first impedance transformation line 5a is arranged between the transmission line 3 and the first patch array.

Preferably, each first ground patch 6a is connected with two first short circuit parts 6b. Among them, there are 12 first ground patches 6a in the coplanar waveguide of the transmitting antenna in the present invention, and two first short-circuit components 6b are symmetrically loaded on the first ground patches 6a of the coplanar waveguide in a group of two. Wherein, the first ground patch 6a is rectangular.

Preferably, a receiving antenna is also included. The receiving antenna includes a second dielectric substrate 7, a second metal floor 8, a second metal patch, a second short-circuit component 12b, a pad 11 and a coaxial feed port 13; the second metal The patch and the second metal floor 8 are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the second dielectric substrate 7; the second metal patch includes a second patch array, a second ground patch 12a of the coplanar waveguide and a first Two central signal lines 12c; the second patch array includes a number of second rectangular patches 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d fed in series; the pad 11 is connected to one end of the second patch array; the adjacent second rectangular patch 9a , 9b, 9c, 9d are connected through the second center signal line 12c; both sides of the second center signal line 12c are provided with second ground patches 12a; the second short-circuit component 12b penetrates the second dielectric substrate 7 and The second ground patch 12 a and the second metal floor 8 are connected; the coaxial feed port 13 penetrates the second dielectric substrate 7 and is connected to the pad 11 .

Wherein, the receiving antenna is input through the coaxial feeding port 13 signal.

Preferably, the widths of the second rectangular patches 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d are all the same, and the length ratio of the adjacent second rectangular patches 9a, 9b, 9c, and 9d is a fixed value. The length of the first rectangular patches 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d gradually decreases from the connection end of 11 to the other end.

Preferably, the length and width of the second central signal line 12c between the adjacent second rectangular patches 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d are the same.

Preferably, a second impedance transformation line 10a is also included, and the second impedance transformation line 10a is arranged between the pad 11 and the second patch array.

Among them, the second rectangular patches of the second patch array of the receiving antenna in the present invention are divided into four groups 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d in total, which are connected through the second central signal line 12c of the coplanar waveguide, and the middle one is The group 9d has a second impedance transformation line 10a in addition to a section of the microstrip connection line.

Preferably, the number of the first patch array and the second patch array is two. Wherein, the two first patch arrays form an angle of 180°. The two second patch arrays are at an angle of 180°.

Preferably, each second ground patch 12a is connected with two second short circuit parts 12b. There are 12 second ground patches 12a of the coplanar waveguide of the receiving antenna in total, and two short-circuit components 12b are symmetrically loaded on the second ground patches 12a of the coplanar waveguide in a group of two. Wherein, the second ground patch 12a is rectangular.

The rectangular microstrip string feed antenna based on the grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention has the characteristics of low profile, low cost and simple fabrication, as well as a firm grounding structure, relatively low radiation loss and good suppression of high-order modes.

Example 1

Please refer to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide of the present invention,

Wherein, the transmitting antenna includes a first dielectric substrate 1 with a thickness much smaller than the wavelength of the working frequency point; a first metal patch located on one surface of the first dielectric substrate 1, the first metal patch includes the transmission line 3 of the wave port, The first rectangular patch 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d of the series-fed transmitting antenna, the first impedance transformation line 5a, the rectangular first ground patch 6a of the coplanar waveguide and the connecting first rectangular patch 4a, 4b, 4c, The first central signal line 6c of the coplanar waveguide of 4d; the first metal floor 2 located on the other surface of the first dielectric substrate 1; the first short circuit parts 6b penetrating the first dielectric substrate 1, and the metal The rectangular first ground patch 6a of the coplanar waveguide in the chip and the first metal floor 2 are connected.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the connection point between the transmission line 3 of the wave port and the transmitting antenna is located on one side of the first impedance transformation line 5a to ensure that the antenna array has the required amplitude and phase distribution.

The first rectangular patch is divided into four groups 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d. Because the position of the radiating element is relatively fixed, amplitude weighting can only be achieved by tapering the current amplitude, so the width and length of the four first rectangular patches are the same. It increases according to a certain ratio, and the lengths of the microstrip connecting lines between each first rectangular patch are the same. There are 12 rectangular first ground patches 6a in the coplanar waveguide, and the first short-circuit components 6b are symmetrically loaded on the rectangular first ground patch 6a of the coplanar waveguide in a group of two, so as to achieve relatively low radiation loss and good suppression of higher-order modes.

4, 5 and 6, the receiving antenna includes a second dielectric substrate 7 whose thickness is much smaller than the wavelength of the working frequency; a second metal patch located on one surface of the second dielectric substrate 7, the second The metal patch includes the second rectangular patch 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d of series feed, the second impedance transformation line 10a, the pad 11 of the coaxial feed port and the second rectangular ground patch 12a of the coplanar waveguide, The second central signal line 12c connecting the coplanar waveguides of the adjacent second rectangular patches 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d; the second metal floor 8 on the other surface of the second dielectric substrate 7; penetrating the second dielectric substrate Several second short-circuit parts 12b of the sheet 7 connect the rectangular second ground patch 12a of the coplanar waveguide of the second metal patch and the second metal floor 8; penetrate the second dielectric substrate 7 and the pad The coaxial feed port 13 connected to 11 is a further optimized solution of the present invention, the second rectangular patch of the receiving antenna is divided into four groups 9a, 9b, 9c, 9d in total. The second center signal line 12c of the surface waveguide is connected. Among them, the middle group 9d has a second impedance transformation line 10a in addition to a section of the microstrip connection line. Preferably, in this embodiment, the widths of the four groups of the second rectangular patches of the transmitting antenna are the same, and the lengths increase according to a certain ratio, and the second central signal line 12c of the coplanar waveguide in the middle of each group of the second rectangular patches The length and width are the same, so as to ensure that the amplitude weighting is achieved by tapering the current amplitude under the condition that the position of the radiating element is relatively fixed. There are a total of 12 rectangular second ground patches 12a in the coplanar waveguide of the receiving antenna, a total of 12 second signal conductor lines 12c in the coplanar waveguide of the transmitting antenna, and the second short-circuit components 12b are symmetrically loaded in a group of two. On the second ground patch 12a of the coplanar waveguide rectangle, relatively low radiation loss and good high-order mode suppression are achieved. The receiving antenna inputs signals through the coaxial feeding port 13, and the pad 11 of the coaxial feeding port of the receiving antenna is located on one side of the impedance transformation line of the serial feed antenna to ensure that the antenna array has the required amplitude and phase distribution.

The excitation of the microstrip antenna array element should consider the radiated power and achievability of the element. When calculating the radiated power of the element, the reflection on each element junction must be considered. The radiated power on each element can be calculated by the amplitude taper distribution. Antenna side lobes, the width of the rectangular unit satisfies the Taylor weighted array, and then the length of the transmission line is optimized by MOM and FEM for phase compensation, so that the antenna resonates in the same direction, and the low side lobe and high gain that meet the engineering needs can be designed. , Narrow beam microstrip antenna. The short distance between the grounded coplanar waveguides is easy to form strong coupling, obtain better parasitic mode suppression capability, and lower radiation loss. Increasing the distance between the signal line and the ground or increasing the width of the signal line and low conductor loss and insertion loss can effectively reduce the loss.

Figure 6 shows the reflection coefficient of the transmitting antenna as a function of frequency. It can be found that the antenna is well matched in the 24G frequency band, and the reflection coefficient is less than -10dB. It should be noted that the antenna is not limited to work in the above frequency bands. According to needs, the antenna can be operated in other frequency bands by adjusting the patch and the microstrip transmission line.

Figure 7 shows the azimuth and elevation patterns of the transmitting antenna at the center of the 24G frequency band. The antenna is designed as a wide beam in the azimuth plane and a narrow beam in the elevation plane. And the Taylor algorithm is used to synthesize the pattern with low sidelobe, which has a sidelobe suppression ratio better than -17dB.

Fig. 8 shows the reflection coefficient of the receiver as a function of frequency. It can be found that the antenna is well matched in the 24G frequency band, and the reflection coefficient is less than -10dB. It should be noted that the antenna is not limited to work in the above frequency bands. According to needs, the antenna can be operated in other frequency bands by adjusting the patch and the microstrip transmission line.

Figure 9 shows the azimuth and elevation patterns of the receiving antenna at the center of the 24G frequency band. The antenna is designed as a wide beam in the azimuth plane and a narrow beam in the elevation plane. And the Taylor algorithm is used to synthesize the pattern with low sidelobe, and the sidelobe suppression ratio is better than -21dB.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to this, any person familiar with the technology can understand the transformation or replacement that comes to mind within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, All should be included within the scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (10)

1. A rectangular microstrip string feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide, characterized by comprising a transmitting antenna, the transmitting antenna comprising a first dielectric substrate (1), a first metal floor (2), a first metal The patch and the first short-circuit part (6b); The first metal patch and the first metal floor (2) are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the first dielectric substrate (1); The first metal patch includes a transmission line (3) of a wave port, a first patch array, a first ground patch (6a) of a coplanar waveguide and a first central signal line (6c) of a coplanar waveguide; the first patch array includes several first rectangular patches (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) fed in series; The transmission line (3) is connected to one end of the first patch array; The adjacent first rectangular patches (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) are connected through the first central signal line (6c); The first ground patches (6a) are provided on both sides of the first central signal line (6c); The first short-circuit component (6b) penetrates the first dielectric substrate (1) and connects the first ground patch (6a) and the first metal floor (2). 2. The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: further comprising a receiving antenna, the receiving antenna comprising a second dielectric substrate (7), a second metal floor (7) 8), a second metal patch, a second short-circuit component (12b), a pad (11) and a coaxial feed port (13); The second metal patch and the second metal floor (8) are respectively arranged on two surfaces of the second dielectric substrate (7); The second metal patch includes a second patch array, a second ground patch (12a) of a coplanar waveguide, and a second central signal line (12c) of the coplanar waveguide; the second patch array includes a number of second rectangular patches (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) fed in series; the pad (11) is connected to one end of the second patch array; The adjacent second rectangular patches (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) are connected through the second central signal line (12c); The second ground patches (12a) are provided on both sides of the second central signal line (12c); The second short-circuit component (12b) penetrates the second dielectric substrate (7) and connects the second ground patch (12a) and the second metal floor (8); The coaxial feeding port (13) penetrates the second dielectric substrate (7) and is connected to the pad (11). 3. The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 1, wherein the first rectangular patches (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) have the same width, and adjacent The length ratio of the first rectangular patch (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) is a fixed value, from the connection end of the first patch array and the transmission line (3) to the other end of the first rectangular patch (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) gradually decrease in length. 4. The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: the widths of the second rectangular patches (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) are all the same, and adjacent The length ratio of the second rectangular patch (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) is a fixed value, from the connection end of the second patch array and the pad (11) to the other end of the first rectangular patch The slices (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) gradually decrease in length. 5. The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that: the first rectangular patch (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) between the adjacent first rectangular patches (4a, 4b, 4c, 4d) A central signal line (6c) has the same length and width. 6. The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguides according to claim 2, characterized in that: the first rectangular patch (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) between the adjacent second rectangular patches (9a, 9b, 9c, 9d) The length and width of the two center signal lines (12c) are the same. 7. The rectangular microstrip serial feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a first impedance transformation line (5a), and the first impedance transformation line (5a) is arranged at the between the transmission line (3) and the first patch array. 8. The rectangular microstrip serial feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that it further comprises a second impedance transformation line (10a), and the second impedance transformation line (10a) is arranged at the between the pads (11) and the second patch array. 9 . The rectangular microstrip string-feed antenna based on a grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 1 , wherein the number of the first patch array and the second patch array is two. 10 . 10. The rectangular microstrip serial feed antenna based on grounded coplanar waveguide according to claim 2, characterized in that: each of the first ground patches (6a) is connected with two of the first short-circuit components ( 6b), each of the second ground patches (12a) is connected with two of the second short-circuit components (12b).

Images