CN210068718U

CN210068718U - Anti-loosening bolt

Info

Publication number: CN210068718U
Application number: CN201920578731.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨捷胜
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-04-26
Filing date: 2019-04-26
Publication date: 2020-02-14
Anticipated expiration: 2029-04-26

Abstract

The utility model discloses a locking bolt, belonging to a fastener; aims to provide a check bolt which has good locking effect, labor saving, convenience, small thread damage and reusability. It comprises a screw rod; the screw is in one of the following shapes: the structure comprises a semi-cylindrical structure consisting of a first cylindrical surface (1) and a plane (2), a kidney-shaped cylindrical structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces (1) and two planes (2), an elliptic cylindrical structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces (1) and two second cylindrical surfaces (3), a regular triangular prism structure consisting of three first cylindrical surfaces (1) and three planes (2), and a regular triangular cylindrical structure consisting of three first cylindrical surfaces (1) and three second cylindrical surfaces (3); the curvature of the second cylindrical surface (3) is smaller than that of the first cylindrical surface (1), interference external threads are distributed on the first cylindrical surface (1), and the interference external threads extend towards the second cylindrical surface (3).

Description

Anti-loosening bolt

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a fastener especially relates to a can prevent not hard up bolt or double-screw bolt.

Background

Bolts, studs and nuts are well known as the most common fasteners used in the mechanical field and belong to the standard parts. In order to facilitate the assembly and disassembly, the bolt (or stud) and the internal thread (nut or screw hole) usually adopt common threads in clearance fit; in practical use, however, the bolt (or stud) is easily loosened or even separated due to vibration. For this reason, the bolt (or nut) is usually prevented from rotating by adding a friction element such as an elastic split washer, a toothed anti-slip washer, a lock nut, and the like; however, under complex conditions of frequent vibration or strong impact, loosening still occurs between the thread pairs. In order to overcome the defect that the common threads are easy to loosen in clearance fit, interference bolts (or studs) are usually selected for important equipment such as airplanes and high-speed rails to prevent the thread pairs from loosening, and even if the equipment is used for a period of time, a small amount of loosening still occurs.

The interference bolt is a common cylindrical bolt and is in interference fit with an internal thread (a nut or a screw hole); although the anti-loosening effect is good, the bolt and the internal thread have large interference, so that the torque required by disassembly and assembly is large, the efficiency is low, and a special tool is usually required. In addition, the interference amount is large, so that the thread form is damaged greatly after being disassembled and cannot be used repeatedly.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to overcome the above-mentioned defect that exists among the prior art, the utility model aims at providing a locking effectual, twist soon convenient, the screw thread damage is little, repeatedly usable's locking bolt that moves of saving labour relatively.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: it includes the screw rod, the screw rod is one of following shape:

a semi-cylindrical structure formed by a first cylindrical surface and a plane,

a kidney-shaped columnar structure formed by two first cylindrical surfaces and two planes,

an elliptic cylindrical structure formed by two first cylindrical surfaces and two second cylindrical surfaces,

a regular triangular prism-shaped structure formed by three first cylindrical surfaces and three planes,

the right triangular columnar structure is formed by three first cylindrical surfaces and three second cylindrical surfaces;

the curvature of the second cylindrical surface is smaller than that of the first cylindrical surface, and interference external threads are distributed on the first cylindrical surface and extend towards the second cylindrical surface.

The screw thread at the front end of the screw rod has 1-3 threads which are common threads.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses owing to adopted above-mentioned technical scheme, consequently have a great deal of advantage, concrete analysis is as follows:

1) because the screw rod is the incomplete cylindric structure, and has adopted interference fit external screw thread, consequently when this external screw thread and internal thread cooperate, partly be in the interference state on the whole fitting surface of internal thread, another part then has great space. When the screw thread is tightened, the matching surface of the internal screw thread can generate elastic deformation under the action of the interference of the screw rod: the part in contact with the screw is expanded, the thread clearance is eliminated, and the part not in contact with the screw (clearance) shrinks; causing the mating surface of the entire internal thread to deform out of round (i.e., to become a non-complete cylindrical structure similar to the bolt profile). Therefore, the thread clearance can be eliminated, the friction between the thread pairs is increased, the relative rotation of the bolt and the nut can be blocked through the non-circular structure, and the anti-loosening effect is further improved.

2) Because the non-contact part exists between the screw rod and the screw hole, the screw hole is fully elastically deformed when being screwed and matched, so that the required screwing resistance is small, and the dismounting operation is relatively labor-saving.

3) Because the non-contact part exists between the screw rod and the screw hole, the screw hole is sufficiently elastically deformed when the screw rod and the screw hole are screwed and matched, and the plastic flow of the thread material along the thread form direction is less (or the plastic flow is less blocked), so that the thread form is less in plastic deformation and damage, and can be repeatedly used after being disassembled.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic perspective view of another embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a third embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a fourth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a fifth embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 6 is a schematic perspective view of the present invention engaged with a nut;

FIG. 7 is a view taken in the direction A of FIG. 6;

fig. 8 is a schematic view of the bolt of fig. 7 rotated 90 deg. relative to the nut.

In the figure: a first cylindrical surface 1, a plane 2, a second cylindrical surface 3, a nut 4, a round screw hole 4-1 and an oval screw hole 4-2.

Detailed Description

The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific examples:

example 1

As shown in fig. 1, the screw of the bolt or stud is a semi-cylindrical structure or a "D" shaped cylindrical structure formed by a first cylindrical surface 1 and a plane 2, and the threads distributed on the first cylindrical surface 1 are interference external threads.

Example 2

The utility model discloses the screw rod of bolt or double-screw bolt can also adopt the structure shown in figure 2: an elliptic cylindrical structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces 1 and two second cylindrical surfaces 3, the first cylindrical surfaces 1 corresponding to the major axis of the ellipse and the second cylindrical surfaces 3 corresponding to the minor axis of the ellipse. The threads distributed on the first cylindrical surface 1 are interference external threads, and the interference external threads extend to the second cylindrical surface 3 to form incomplete tooth-form external threads.

Example 3

The utility model discloses the screw rod of bolt or double-screw bolt can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 3: the structure comprises a kidney-shaped columnar structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces 1 and two planes 2, wherein the two first cylindrical surfaces 1 are respectively positioned on two sides of the two planes 2; the threads distributed on the first cylindrical surface 1 are interference external threads.

Example 4

The utility model discloses the screw rod of bolt or double-screw bolt can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 4: the structure comprises a regular triangular prism-shaped structure formed by three first cylindrical surfaces 1 and three planes 2, wherein each first cylindrical surface 1 is positioned between two adjacent planes 2; the threads distributed on the first cylindrical surface 1 are interference external threads.

Example 5

The utility model discloses the screw rod of bolt or double-screw bolt can also adopt the structure shown in FIG. 5: the regular triangular columnar structure is composed of three first cylindrical surfaces 1 and three second cylindrical surfaces 3, and the adjacent first cylindrical surfaces 1 are in transitional connection through the second cylindrical surfaces 3; the threads distributed on the first cylindrical surface 1 are interference external threads, and the interference external threads extend to the adjacent second cylindrical surface 3 to form clearance external threads with incomplete tooth shapes.

For the convenience of screwing, the front end of the screw rod of each embodiment is provided with 1-3 threads which are common threads (not shown in the figure).

The locking principle of the present invention is described below with the bolt and nut cooperation in embodiment 2:

as shown in fig. 6-8, the shank of the bolt is of an elliptical cylindrical configuration. When the long axis of the elliptic cylindrical screw is in a horizontal state, the interference external threads of the two sections of the first cylindrical surfaces 1 are in contact with the left side and the right side of the circular screw hole 4-1 of the nut 4, and the screw hole are in an interference state in the horizontal direction, so that the circular screw hole 4-1 is subjected to outward tensile force in the horizontal direction to generate elastic deformation (the aperture is enlarged); and the round screw hole 4-1 is not contacted with the second cylindrical surface 3 in the vertical direction, so that the round screw hole 4-1 is elastically deformed (the aperture is reduced) in the vertical direction, and finally the round screw hole 4-1 is deformed into an elliptical screw hole 4-2 approximately matched with the shape of the screw rod. Similarly, when the screw rod rotates by 90 degrees to enable the long axis of the elliptic cylindrical screw rod to be in a vertical state, the interference external threads of the two sections of the first cylindrical surfaces 1 are in contact with the upper surface and the lower surface of the circular screw hole 4-1 of the nut 4, the screw rod and the screw hole form an interference state in the vertical direction, and the circular screw hole 4-1 is subjected to outward tension in the vertical direction to generate elastic deformation (the aperture is enlarged); and the round screw hole 4-1 is not contacted with the second cylindrical surface 3 in the horizontal direction, so the round screw hole 4-1 is elastically deformed (the aperture is reduced) in the horizontal direction, and finally the round screw hole 4-1 is deformed into an elliptical screw hole 4-2 approximately matched with the shape of the screw rod. When the bolt is screwed down, the bolt can be limited to rotate because the screw hole and the screw rod are both of an oval structure.

In addition, when the bolt is tightened, because the partial internal thread and the partial external thread are in interference fit, the clearance of the fit threads can be eliminated, the friction resistance is increased, and therefore the bolt can be further prevented from loosening.

Claims

1. A locking bolt comprises a screw rod; the screw is characterized in that the screw is in one of the following shapes:

a semi-cylindrical structure consisting of a first cylindrical surface (1) and a plane (2),

a kidney-shaped columnar structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces (1) and two planes (2),

an elliptic cylindrical structure consisting of two first cylindrical surfaces (1) and two second cylindrical surfaces (3),

a regular triangular prism-shaped structure consisting of three first cylindrical surfaces (1) and three planes (2),

a regular triangular columnar structure consisting of three first cylindrical surfaces (1) and three second cylindrical surfaces (3);

the curvature of the second cylindrical surface (3) is smaller than that of the first cylindrical surface (1), interference external threads are distributed on the first cylindrical surface (1), and the interference external threads extend towards the second cylindrical surface (3).

2. The anti-loosening bolt according to claim 1, comprising a threaded rod; the method is characterized in that: the screw thread at the front end of the screw rod has 1-3 threads which are common threads.