CN209930584U

CN209930584U - Timing and photosensitive intelligent street lamp lighting control system

Info

Publication number: CN209930584U
Application number: CN201920264977.2U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 宁永香; 崔建国; 崔建峰
Original assignee: Shanxi Engineering Institute
Current assignee: Shanxi Engineering Institute
Priority date: 2019-03-03
Filing date: 2019-03-03
Publication date: 2020-01-10
Anticipated expiration: 2029-03-03

Abstract

The intelligent street lamp lighting control system based on timing and light sensitivity comprises a timing counter circuit, a shutdown oscillator circuit, a light sensitive circuit, a timer reset circuit, a relay circuit, a lighting switch circuit and a low-voltage power supply circuit; the counting timer circuit consists of a CD4060 and peripheral elements, 2 pins of the CD4060 output low level when coming at night, a triode T4 is conducted, a photoelectric tube T3 is disconnected, a triode T5 of the relay circuit is conducted in a saturated mode and a triode T2 of the timer reset circuit is conducted, 12 pins of the CD4060 show low level, a relay J is attracted, and a street lamp is lightened; after the illumination time reaches the expected clock point, the 2-pin of the CD4060 outputs high level, the triode T4 is cut off, and the street lamp is turned off; a triode T1 of the shutdown oscillator circuit is conducted, and the timing counter circuit stops oscillating; and resetting the timer after the day comes, and waiting for the night screen to come again.

Description

Timing and photosensitive intelligent street lamp lighting control system

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a technology and a realization method of an intelligent street lamp illumination control system based on timing and photosensitivity, which is characterized in that a time control system of a very expensive illumination power supply designed by a power supply department is not installed in a common community or a medium and small factory and mining institution due to cost reasons; a set of simple but practical intelligent street lamp switch system based on timing and light sensitivity is specially designed for the departments, an integrated circuit CD4060 counter chip is used as an oscillation and counting core circuit, illumination of a street lamp can be automatically turned on or off according to brightness of light and preset timing time, in order to prolong the timing time, a non-polar oscillation capacitor connected outside a counter needs to be as large as possible, two large-capacity electrolytic capacitors can be reversely connected to replace an original non-polar capacitor, high cost performance can be obtained, and the design can be applied to switch application of brightness change of external light in any time.

Background

For municipal lighting systems in cities, due to the fact that a special time control switch system is installed, the on and off time points can be set according to the conditions of local darkness and night driving, but a general residential area or a medium-small factory or a small business unit is not provided with the time control system due to the fact that the cost is expensive. The manual control method for street lamp illumination is adopted, so that the street lamp is still turned on in the daytime or is dark but is not turned on all the time, power resources are wasted, and daily life of residents or employees in a unit is greatly influenced.

A set of simple, cheap and practical timing and photosensitive lighting switch system can be designed, outdoor lighting can be automatically switched on when the day becomes dark gradually and reaches the preset darkness, the time for maintaining the switching on can be preset, the lighting power supply is switched off after the day reaches the preset darkness, and a new working process can be restarted only when the day becomes bright again.

In fact, the design can be applied to any long-time switching application for brightness changes of ambient light.

Disclosure of Invention

The utility model aims to solve the technical problem that a simple structure, low in cost, use reliable, but very practical based on timing, photosensitive intelligent street lamp switch system is provided, this set of system is designed to some factories and mines, unit or district that do not install the very expensive lighting source time control system by the design of power supply department specially.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides an intelligent street lamp lighting control system based on timing and light sensitivity, which comprises a counting timer circuit, a shutdown oscillator circuit, a light sensitive circuit, a timer reset circuit, a relay circuit, a lighting switch circuit and a low voltage power supply circuit; the counting timer circuit consists of an integrated circuit CD4060 and peripheral elements, when the timing of the CD4060 starts at night, 2 pins output low level in the timing period, the triode T4 of the relay circuit is controlled to be conducted, meanwhile, the phototube T3 is disconnected due to dark night, the collector electrode of T3 presents high level, the triode T5 of the relay circuit is conducted in saturation, the triode T2 of the timer reset circuit is conducted, 12 pins of the CD4060 circuit present low level, the timing and oscillation of the CD4060 circuit are kept effective, and finally the relay J is attracted, the lighting switch circuit works, and the street lamp is turned on; after the illumination time reaches the expected clock point, the CD4060 finishes timing, the 2 pin outputs high level, the triode T4 is cut off, the relay J is disconnected, and the street lamp is extinguished; the 2-pin high level of the CD4060 controls the triode T1 of the shutdown oscillator circuit to be conducted at the same time, the 11 pin of the CD4060 is in a low level, and the timing counter circuit stops oscillating, so that the timer cannot light up the street lamp any more at this night; after the LED lamp is on, the photoelectric tube T3 is turned on by light, the triode T2 is cut off, so that the 12 pin of the timer CD4060 presents a high level, the timer is reset, the 2 pin output of the CD4060 is cleared, and the low level is presented; the lighting control system waits for the night screen to come again and again causes the 12 pin of CD4060 to assume a low level and the counter is timed to start again.

In the counting timer circuit, the cathodes of capacitors C1 and C2 are connected, the anode of C1 is connected with pin 9 of CD4060, and the anode of C2 is connected with the lower end of a potentiometer P1.

In the shutdown oscillator circuit, the base of a triode T1 is connected with the 2 pin of the CD4060 through a resistor R1, the collector of T1 is connected with the 11 pin of the CD4060, and the emitter of T1 is connected with the working ground.

The emitter of the photosensitive circuit and the emitter of the photoelectric tube T3 are connected with the working ground, and the collector of the T3 is connected with the output end of the low-voltage power supply circuit through a resistor R7 and is simultaneously connected with the base of the triode T2 of the timer reset circuit and the base of the triode T5 of the relay circuit.

The collector of the transistor T2 of the timer reset circuit is connected to pin 12 of CD4060 and the emitter of T2 is connected to ground.

Drawings

Fig. 1 and 2 are included to provide a further understanding of the present invention and form a part of the present application, and fig. 1 is an electrical schematic diagram of a timing, light-sensitive lighting switch for a street lamp of a residential area according to the present invention. Fig. 2 is a circuit configuration diagram of the inside of the counter/timer chip CD 4060.

Detailed Description

Timing and photosensitive lighting switch electrical principle of community street lamp

The system can be used for a timing and photosensitive lighting switch of a street lamp, an electrical schematic diagram is shown in the attached figure 1, and the system can be seen in the figure 1 and comprises a timing counter circuit, a shutdown oscillator circuit, a photosensitive circuit, a timer reset circuit, a relay circuit, a lighting switch circuit and a low-voltage power supply circuit.

Counting and timing circuit

The core element of the intelligent lighting switch system is an Integrated Circuit (IC)₁(CD 4060), CD4060 is a 14-stage CMOS binary counter/oscillator circuit, the internal structure of which is shown in FIG. 2.

From fig. 2, CD4060 has 10 count outputs. And it has built-in oscillator circuitry, which can be controlled to oscillate by connecting R, C resistor-capacitor elements or quartz crystals externally via

pins

9, 10, 11, and which is connected internally to the chip to the clock input of the counter.

The oscillation frequency can be calculated by:

where the unit f is Hertz, R is ohm, and C1 is Farad.

When the reset terminal R (not the 12-pin RES terminal of the chip, see FIG. 2) of the internal counter is at a high level, the counter is cleared or reset (Q)_4~Q₁₄Outputs are all "0") and oscillator usage is disabled, noting that the corresponding chip 12 pin is also high.

When the reset terminal R of the internal counter is at a low level (the RES terminal of the pin 12 of the chip is also at a low level), the external oscillation timing element controls to generate a clock pulse signal with a certain frequency, and the falling edge of the clock pulse CP triggers counting (see fig. 1)

End), the internal counter starts counting, and after one period, the pulse signals of 4-10-12-14 frequency division can be output at the corresponding pins, wherein Q is₁₃The "13" in (1) is the frequency division output of 13, which corresponds to the 2 nd pin of the chip, and so on.

To proficiently apply the timing function of 4060, the chip IC is emphasized₁The RES end (12 pin) has different functions corresponding to two levels: u shape_RESWhen =1, the counter is reset, the oscillator is invalid, and the counter outputs are all 0; u shape_RESAnd when the frequency is not less than 0, the counter starts counting, the street lamp switch timing starts, and the timing time is determined by the oscillation frequency. After a certain time, the counter outputs are successively brought high, e.g. to a voltage U at the output of a frequency division of 13_Q13=1, the street light will be switched off, see the relevant part of fig. 1.

According to the circuit element parameters shown in FIG. 1, using a potentiometer P₁The time for lighting the street lamp can be adjusted to 1 ~ 8 hours, and in order to prolong the timing time as much as possible, the IC can be used₁The capacitor connected with the external pin 9 is adjusted to be a high-capacity nonpolar capacitor.

However, the large-capacity nonpolar capacitor is expensive, while the electrolytic capacitor has large capacity and is cheap, but the two large-capacity electrolytic capacitors with equal capacity and the same withstand voltage can be connected in series in a reverse direction by virtue of polarity, such as the electrolytic capacitor in FIG. 1C₁、C₂The connection method can reduce leakage current in an alternating current circuit, and is equivalent to a nonpolar large-capacity capacitor. Its working state is that when there is AC, one of them is in reverse state, because of its serious leakage, its voltage drop is very small, and almost all the voltage is fallen on the capacitor in that forward direction, and when the other half period of AC, the states of two capacitors can be interchanged, so that these two capacitors can be used as one capacitor, and its total capacitance is equal to the value of any one of them, and its total voltage-resisting value is equal to 2 times of any one capacitor.

Relay circuit

Referring to fig. 1, whether the relay J can be closed, that is, whether the street lamp is opened depends on the transistor T of the relay trigger signal amplifying circuit₄And a transistor T controlled by the light sensitive circuit₅Whether or not to conduct simultaneously.

When the timer timing is not over, U_Q13=0, transistor T₄The base-emitter generates a turn-on current and is in a conducting state; dark sky without light causing phototransistor T₃Off, transistor T₅The base-emitter generates a turn-on current and is also in a conducting state. Under the condition, the relay J is closed, the lighting circuit is electrified, and the street lamp is started.

That is to say, even if the timer has not timed out T₁On, but if at daytime, the phototransistor T₃Will be turned on and the transistor T₅In the cut-off state, the street lamp still can not be lighted; or albeit at night, T₅And the street lamp is in a conducting state, but the timer is timed up, and the street lamp still cannot be started.

Photosensitive circuit and timer reset circuit

Referring to fig. 1, the light sensing circuit is composed of a phototransistor T₃The reset circuit of the counter is composed of a transistor T₂Resistance R₆、R₇Composition, when the time is at night, the phototransistor T is not illuminated₃Between collector and emitter in off state, T₅The on state and the street lamp can be started; t is₂On, pin 12 (RES terminal) of counter 4060 is at low level, oscillator is workingAnd the normal counter counts normally.

When the time is in the daytime, the phototransistor T₃Is turned on by light irradiation, T₅The base current is reduced and will be cut off, and the street lamp is closed; due to T₂Base-emitter junction and T₅Are connected in parallel, so that T is the time of day₂Also, when the reset is off, pin 12 (RES terminal) of the counter 4060 is at high level, and the counter is cleared or reset (Q)_4~Q₁₄All outputs are "0"), and oscillator usage is disabled, although T is present₄Is turned on but due to T₅The street light is still off when it is off.

So that the transistor T is only in dark₅、T₂There is a possibility of conduction.

Shutdown oscillator circuit

Since the individual module circuits are associated with each other and their potentials toggle with each other, there may be a case where: in the dark, the power supply passes through the resistor R₇Is a transistor T₂Providing a base current, T₂、T₅Conducting, and lighting the street lamp; at the same time, the counter IC₁The pulses generated by the internal oscillator are counted. After a preset time, the output end Q of the counter₁₃Goes high to T₄And when the street lamp is cut off, the relay J is disconnected, and the street lamp is extinguished.

A problem arises when the IC is present during the entire night₁12-pin RES terminal (reset pin) due to T₂The circuit is closed and always keeps low level, so the counter is always in counting state and the oscillator is always effective, so the street lamp is extinguished and then a period of time passes (the output pulse Q)₁₃Time of duty cycle) will again invert to a low level, IC₁The second counting period will continue, the street lamp will light again, after the preset time is over, the street lamp will extinguish again, and the cycle is repeated in one night, which is not desirable, and we require that after the first counting period is over, we must take measures to force the counter to stop counting.

It is possible to design a shutdown oscillator circuit, see fig. 1, in an IC ₁11 pins and 2 pins (Q)₁₃Terminals) are connected in seriesResistance R₁And transistor T₁，Q₁₃After the output end is changed into high level after preset time, the street lamp is turned off, and the high level passes through the resistor R₁Is a transistor T₁Providing a turn-on current to turn on the IC₁Pin 11 goes low forcing the IC₁The internal oscillator stops working and the counter will stop counting.

Still in the evening, resulting in IC₁Pin 12 (RES terminal) no reset signal arrives (U)_RESNot equal to 1), so Q₁₃The foot remains high, which remains on until it is lit until the counter is reset (U)_RES= 1), a new working cycle process can be started again later: in the dark, U_RES=0, the counter starts counting, the street lamp is turned on; q₁₃After the first period is finished, the street lamp is extinguished, and the cycle is not stopped.

Lighting switch circuit

The lighting switch circuit is composed of a normally closed switch SB₁Normally open switch SB₂The relay J and the contactor C. At night, the timer does not reach the preset time, the relay J is closed, the coil end of the contactor C is closed by opening current, the 220V alternating current power supply is closed by the normally closed switch SB₁The contactor C supplies power for the lighting lamp; and when the timing time is up, the relay J is disconnected, the contactor C is disconnected, and the lighting power supply is turned off.

If the control circuit fails to supply power to the street lamp due to error control, the normally open switch SB can be switched on in an emergency and directly₂The contactor C is actuated to recover uninterrupted power supply for the lighting power supply; if the control circuit has the condition that the lighting power supply can not be turned off or needs to be turned off emergently, the normally closed switch SB can be directly opened₁And the contactor C is disconnected, and the lighting power supply is turned off.

Low-voltage power supply circuit

The conventional method for converting alternating current commercial power into low-voltage direct current is to use a transformer to reduce voltage and then rectify and filter, but if the limitation of factors such as area and cost is caused, the simplest and practical method is to use a capacitance voltage reduction type principle to realize the acquisition of a low-voltage power supply.

In the context of figure 1 of the drawings,the 220V power frequency AC power supply is directly connected into the circuit without a power transformer and a diode D₁~D₄Rectifying AC power supply and having a capacitor C₄Performing smoothing filtering, passing through voltage regulator diode D₅And stabilizing the voltage to obtain stable direct current voltage. Wherein the capacitor C₅When used as a voltage-reducing resistor, the rated operating voltage should not be lower than 400V, preferably 630V.

Resistance R₅Is a capacitor C₅The discharge resistance of (2) is important for circuit safety; capacitor C₅The selection of the capacity is calculated according to an empirical formula, and 1uF outputs about 100mA current; attention is paid to the zener diode D₅The power consumption of the voltage regulator tube is strictly forbidden to be cut off and operated.

The low voltage power supply will be used as IC₁And operating power for other circuits.

Preparation and attention points

(1) Phototransistor T₃The installation of (1) is to avoid the illumination of the street lamp, if there is non-sunlight irradiating T₃In addition, unnecessary error control will be caused, which results in frequent on-off of the street lamp, affecting the lighting effect and reducing the service life of the lamp.

(2) The timing time can be set by a potentiometer P₁Adjustment, such as long day in summer and short night, can adjust the timing time to be short; and in winter, the opposite is true. For convenient adjustment, the potentiometer knob can be marked clockwise or counterclockwise like the sound adjusting knob of the radio recorder.

(3) Current-limiting capacitor C₅The non-polar capacitor is required, the electrolytic capacitor can not be used absolutely, the withstand voltage of the capacitor is required to be more than 400V, and the most ideal capacitor is an iron-clad oil-immersed capacitor.

(4) Because the circuit is not stepped down by using a power frequency transformer, dangerous power supply voltage is carried at a plurality of points of the circuit, the insulation of the circuit needs to be noticed, and the circuit needs to be careful during installation or inspection so as to prevent electric shock.

The intelligent street lamp lighting switch system skillfully utilizes the timing function of the counter and the photosensitive characteristic of the photoelectric tube, realizes the street lamp timing switch of 1 ~ 8 hours, the timing time can be randomly adjusted along with different seasons, the judgment on the light can also be randomly adjusted, and the intelligent street lamp lighting switch system is a set of intelligent lighting control system with high cost performance.

Claims

1. The intelligent street lamp lighting control system based on timing and light sensitivity is characterized by comprising a counting timer circuit, a shutdown oscillator circuit, a light sensitive circuit, a timer reset circuit, a relay circuit, a lighting switch circuit and a low-voltage power supply circuit; the counting timer circuit consists of an integrated circuit CD4060 and peripheral elements, when the timing of the CD4060 starts at night, 2 pins output low level in the timing period, the triode T4 of the relay circuit is controlled to be conducted, meanwhile, the phototube T3 is disconnected due to dark night, the collector electrode of T3 presents high level, the triode T5 of the relay circuit is conducted in saturation, the triode T2 of the timer reset circuit is conducted, 12 pins of the CD4060 circuit present low level, the timing and oscillation of the CD4060 circuit are kept effective, and finally the relay J is attracted, the lighting switch circuit works, and the street lamp is turned on; after the illumination time reaches the expected clock point, the CD4060 finishes timing, the 2 pin outputs high level, the triode T4 is cut off, the relay J is disconnected, and the street lamp is extinguished; the 2-pin high level of the CD4060 controls the triode T1 of the shutdown oscillator circuit to be conducted at the same time, the 11 pin of the CD4060 is in a low level, and the timing counter circuit stops oscillating, so that the timer cannot light up the street lamp any more at this night; after the LED lamp is on, the photoelectric tube T3 is turned on by light, the triode T2 is cut off, so that the 12 pin of the timer CD4060 presents a high level, the timer is reset, the 2 pin output of the CD4060 is cleared, and the low level is presented; the lighting control system waits for the night screen to come again and again causes the 12 pin of CD4060 to assume a low level and the counter is timed to start again.

2. The intelligent timed and photosensitive street lamp lighting control system according to claim 1, wherein: in the counting timer circuit, the cathodes of capacitors C1 and C2 are connected, the anode of C1 is connected with pin 9 of CD4060, and the anode of C2 is connected with the lower end of a potentiometer P1.

3. The intelligent timed and photosensitive street lamp lighting control system according to claim 1, wherein: in the shutdown oscillator circuit, the base of a triode T1 is connected with the 2 pin of the CD4060 through a resistor R1, the collector of T1 is connected with the 11 pin of the CD4060, and the emitter of T1 is connected with the working ground.

4. The intelligent timed and photosensitive street lamp lighting control system according to claim 1, wherein: the emitter of the photosensitive circuit and the photoelectric tube T3 is connected with the working ground, the collector of the T3 is connected with the output end of the low-voltage power supply circuit through a resistor R7, the collector of the T3 is simultaneously connected with the base of the triode T2 of the timer reset circuit and the base of the relay circuit triode T5.

5. The intelligent timed and photosensitive street lamp lighting control system according to claim 1, wherein: the collector of the transistor T2 of the timer reset circuit is connected to pin 12 of CD4060 and the emitter of T2 is connected to ground.