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CN209857020U - Biomass energy heat supply system - Google Patents

Biomass energy heat supply system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209857020U
CN209857020U CN201920091814.9U CN201920091814U CN209857020U CN 209857020 U CN209857020 U CN 209857020U CN 201920091814 U CN201920091814 U CN 201920091814U CN 209857020 U CN209857020 U CN 209857020U
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combustion
supporting
steam
biomass energy
heating
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张立军
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Abstract

The utility model relates to a biomass energy heating system, including gasifier, combustion-supporting chamber, steam boiler, air-blower, combustion-supporting fan and heating system, the combustion-supporting chamber communicates with the interior combustion-supporting chamber of gasifier, and air-blower and combustion-supporting fan are used for respectively to the interior combustion-supporting indoor of gasifier and the combustion-supporting indoor bulge of going into has the oxygen body, and the fume gas discharge mouth of combustion-supporting chamber links to each other with steam boiler, and steam boiler's steam outlet is linked together with heating system's steam inlet. The utility model has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of preparing steam by introducing flue gas with heat generated after biomass combustion into a steam boiler, and then introducing the steam into a heating device to realize heating, so that resources are utilized to the maximum extent; the biomass is firstly combusted in the gasification furnace and then is supported by the combustion-supporting chamber, so that the combustible gas is fully combusted, harmful substances are directly decomposed, and the hazard of the generated flue gas is reduced.

Description

Biomass energy heat supply system
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a clean energy technical field especially relates to a biomass energy heating system.
Background
The biomass mainly refers to lignocellulose (lignin for short) such as straws and trees except grains and fruits in the production process of agriculture and forestry, leftovers in the processing industry of agricultural products, agricultural and forestry wastes, livestock and poultry manure and wastes in the production process of animal husbandry, and the like.
Biomass energy is always important energy which human beings rely on for survival, is second to coal, petroleum and natural gas and is the fourth energy of the world energy consumption, and plays an important role in the whole energy system. China is a big agricultural country, biomass energy sources are extremely rich in various substances generated in agriculture and forestry production, the yield is huge, and the following substances are common: plant straws, corncobs, rice husks, sawdust and the like, and the biomass fuel has great development potential for heat supply.
The annual output of crops and straws in China is about 6 hundred million tons, about 3 hundred million tons can be used as fuel, about 1.5 hundred million tons of standard coal are discounted, about 9 hundred million tons of forest branches and forestry waste can be obtained annually, about 3 hundred million tons of standard coal can be used as energy, about 2 hundred million tons of standard coal are discounted, the present biomass resource in China can be converted into about 8 hundred million tons of standard coal with the potential of energy, and the biomass in the prior art is directly burnt, so that the resource is wasted, and the air is polluted.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
The utility model aims to solve the technical problem of providing a biomass energy heating system to overcome not enough among the above-mentioned prior art.
The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: a biomass energy heat supply system comprises a gasification furnace, a combustion-supporting chamber, a steam boiler, an air blower, a combustion-supporting fan and a heating device, wherein the combustion-supporting chamber is communicated with an inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace, the air blower and the combustion-supporting fan are respectively used for blowing oxygen into the inner combustion chamber and the combustion-supporting chamber of the gasification furnace, a smoke discharge port of the combustion-supporting chamber is connected with the steam boiler, and a steam outlet of the steam boiler is communicated with a steam inlet of the heating device.
The utility model has the advantages that: the method comprises the steps of preparing steam by introducing flue gas with heat generated after biomass combustion into a steam boiler, and then introducing the steam into a heating device to realize heating, so that resources are utilized to the maximum extent; the biomass is firstly combusted in the gasification furnace and then is supported by the combustion-supporting chamber, so that the combustible gas is fully combusted, harmful substances are directly decomposed, and the hazard of the generated flue gas is reduced.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do following improvement.
Further, the device also comprises an induced draft fan, wherein an air inlet of the induced draft fan is communicated with a smoke discharge port of the steam boiler.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: can guide the flow direction of the flue gas and improve the fluidity of the flue gas.
Further, still include tail gas purifier, the gas outlet of draught fan is linked together with tail gas purifier's flue gas inlet.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: can purify the flue gas, and the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere after reaching the standard, thereby avoiding polluting the atmosphere.
Further, tail gas purifier includes casing and intake pipe, and the washing liquid is contained to the inside splendid attire of casing, and the one end of intake pipe links to each other with the gas outlet of draught fan, and the other end of intake pipe stretches into in the casing below the liquid surface line of washing liquid, is equipped with the gas outlet on the casing above the liquid surface line.
Further, tail gas purifier still includes spray assembly, and spray assembly sets up in the casing, and spray assembly is located the liquid surface line of washing liquid more than in the casing.
Furthermore, a labyrinth air flow channel is arranged between the upper part of the liquid surface line of the washing liquid and the air outlet on the shell, and the spraying component is positioned above the labyrinth air flow channel.
The beneficial effects of adopting the three steps are as follows: can purify the flue gas effectively, and purification efficiency is high moreover.
Furthermore, the heating device comprises a plate type heat exchanger unit and a heating assembly, a steam outlet of the steam boiler is communicated with an air inlet of the plate type heat exchanger unit, and two ends of the heating assembly are respectively communicated with a liquid outlet and a liquid inlet of the plate type heat exchanger unit through pipelines.
Further, the heating assembly is a heating coil pipe and/or a radiator.
Furthermore, the heating device also comprises a circulating pump, and the circulating pump is arranged on a pipeline between the heating assembly and a liquid inlet of the plate type heat exchanger unit.
The beneficial effects of adopting the three steps are as follows: can meet the heating requirements of various forms.
Further, still include feeding funnel and raw materials conveyer, the feeding funnel erects on the raw materials conveyer, and the bin outlet of feeding funnel is located the top of the pan feeding end of raw materials conveyer, and the discharge end of raw materials conveyer extends to the feed inlet department of gasifier.
The adoption of the further beneficial effects is as follows: automatic feeding can be realized, and labor intensity is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a biomass energy heating system according to the present invention.
In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:
1. the system comprises a gasification furnace, 2, a combustion-supporting chamber, 3, a steam boiler, 4, an air blower, 5, a combustion-supporting fan, 6, a heating device, 610, a plate heat exchange unit, 620, a heating coil, 630, a heating plate, 640, a circulating pump, 7, an induced draft fan, 8, an exhaust purifier, 9, a feeding hopper, 10, a raw material conveyor, 11 and a chimney.
Detailed Description
The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a biomass energy heating system comprises a gasification furnace 1, a combustion-supporting chamber 2, a steam boiler 3, an air blower 4, a combustion-supporting fan 5 and a heating device 6, wherein the combustion-supporting chamber 2 is communicated with an inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace 1, the air blower 4 is arranged on an anti-explosion pipe elbow at the rear part of the inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace 1, and the air blower 4 is used for blowing oxygen gas, which can be air, into the inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace 1; the front end of the combustion-supporting chamber 2 is connected with an outlet of an internal combustion chamber of the gasification furnace 1, two fire observation ports are arranged on two sides of a connecting port, four supplementary air inlets are respectively arranged on two sides of the rear end of the combustion-supporting chamber 2, each supplementary air inlet is provided with a pipeline connected with a combustion-supporting fan 5, two metal explosion-proof ports are arranged on the upper portion of the combustion-supporting chamber 5, the combustion-supporting fan 5 is used for blowing oxygen gas into the combustion-supporting chamber 2, and the oxygen gas can be air; the smoke discharge port of the combustion-supporting chamber 2 is connected with a steam boiler 3, and the steam outlet of the steam boiler 3 is communicated with the steam inlet of a heating device 6.
The inside flue of steam boiler 3 is built by laying bricks or stones and moves towards the broken line labyrinth, and steam boiler 3 anterior segment is provided with the combustion chamber and is connected with combustion-supporting chamber 2, is provided with three rows of stainless steel intake pipes on the brick wall of steam boiler 3 both sides, and the gas of being convenient for fully burns, and there is the ash removal mouth of dark dress bottom steam boiler 3 both sides, clears up inside collection dirt when being convenient for overhaul, and steam boiler 3 top and both sides are provided with four metal explosion-proof mouths.
Gasifier 1 includes the furnace body and supports the support of furnace body, the furnace body top is equipped with the feed inlet, the inner chamber of furnace body is from last to being the raw materials section down in proper order, combustion section and cooling zone, be equipped with a plurality of gasification reaction chambers in the combustion section, gasification reaction chamber and inner chamber communicate each other, be equipped with one section inside combustion chamber in the combustion section, inside combustion chamber and every gasification reaction chamber intercommunication are connected and are located the furnace body lateral wall and are connected with combustion-supporting chamber 2, be equipped with cooling device in the cooling zone, the bottom of furnace body is equipped with stores the carbon storehouse, the bottom of storing the carbon storehouse is equipped. All organic substances in the biomass raw materials are volatilized to form high-temperature fixed carbon, the volume is reduced to one half, the generated high-temperature combustible gas enters a gasification reaction chamber to perform a reduction reaction with the high-temperature fixed carbon in a transverse motion, the concentration of the combustible gas is increased, the combustion value is improved, the fixed carbon moves downwards to enter a cooling section, heat is absorbed by a device, fuel gas enters a combustion-supporting chamber 2 from an internal combustion chamber to an outlet, the fuel gas enters a steam boiler 3 after being combusted to supply heat, the oxidized raw materials enter a carbon storage bin and then are discharged from a discharge valve, and the carbonized raw materials are used for producing active carbon and the like.
The biomass energy heat supply system also comprises an induced draft fan 7, and an air inlet of the induced draft fan 7 is communicated with a smoke discharge port of the steam boiler 3.
The biomass energy heat supply system further comprises a tail gas purifier 8, and the gas outlet of the induced draft fan 7 is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the tail gas purifier 8.
The tail gas purifier 8 comprises a shell and a gas inlet pipe, wherein the shell is internally filled with a cleaning solution, one end of the gas inlet pipe is connected with a gas outlet of the draught fan 7, the other end of the gas inlet pipe extends into the shell below a liquid level line of the cleaning solution, a gas outlet is arranged above the liquid level line on the shell, in addition, the tail gas purifier 8 also comprises a spraying component, the spraying component is arranged in the shell and is positioned above the liquid level line of the cleaning solution in the shell, a labyrinth gas flow channel is arranged between the liquid level line of the cleaning solution in the shell and the gas outlet on the liquid level line, the spraying component is positioned above the labyrinth gas flow channel, the flue gas exhausted by the draught fan 7 firstly enters the gas inlet pipe and then enters the cleaning solution through the gas inlet pipe, the flue gas flows to the labyrinth gas flow channel after being cleaned by the cleaning solution, finally flows to the, the washing liquid can be tap water, and the tail gas purifier 8 can be adopted to better remove residual tar, organic aldehyde, phenol and fine particles in the flue gas, so that the particle size of impurities of the combustible gas is less than or equal to 20mg/m3The impurity content is less than or equal to 10mg/m3The main production index reaches the highest level of the industry, the gas production and heat supply capacity of a single gasification furnace is 4.32MW, the consumption of heat supply fuel (wood chips) is 8000kg/MW, the yield of the active carbon is 1470kg/MW, and the yield of the active carbon is 19%. The air outlet of the shell is connected with a chimney 11.
Heating installation 6 includes plate heat exchanger unit 610 and heating subassembly, steam boiler 3's steam outlet is linked together with plate heat exchanger unit 610's air inlet, heating subassembly's both ends are linked together through pipeline and plate heat exchanger unit 610's liquid outlet and inlet respectively, heating subassembly is heating coil 620 and/or radiator 630, heating subassembly is heating coil 620 and radiator 630 in the drawing that this embodiment provided, in addition, heating installation 6 still includes circulating pump 640, circulating pump 640 sets up on the pipeline between heating subassembly and plate heat exchanger unit 610's inlet.
The biomass energy heat supply system further comprises a feeding hopper 9 and a raw material conveyor 10, wherein the feeding hopper 9 is erected on the raw material conveyor 10, a discharging port of the feeding hopper 9 is positioned above a feeding end of the raw material conveyor 10, and a discharging end of the raw material conveyor 10 extends to a feeding port of the gasification furnace 1.
A biomass energy heat supply method comprising the steps of:
a) biomass is pyrolyzed into combustible gas by being conveyed into the gasification furnace 1 via the upper hopper 9 and the raw material conveyor 10;
b) opening an induced draft fan 7 to convey the combustible gas to a combustion-supporting chamber 2 for ignition, wherein the combustion-supporting chamber 2 is communicated with an inner combustion chamber of a gasification furnace 1, so that the gas in the inner combustion chamber is ignited together, the temperature is 800-950 ℃ after combustion, tar in the gas is mostly combusted and removed, and part of organic acid is cracked;
c) starting a blower 4 and a combustion fan 5 to supplement oxygen to the flue gas, further fully burning unburned tar in the flue gas generated after burning, and heating to 950-1100 ℃;
d) continuously leading to a steam boiler 3, further removing volatile light tar, organic acid and moisture in the gas, exchanging heat between the flue gas and the steam boiler 3, and cooling to 150-200 ℃;
f) the waste gas is continuously conveyed to a tail gas purifier 8 by an induced draft fan 7 to further remove tar, organic aldehyde, phenol and fine particles, and the impurity granularity is less than or equal to 20mg/m3The impurity content is less than or equal to 10mg/m3
g) The treated flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney 11;
h) steam generated after heat exchange of the steam boiler 3 enters the plate heat exchanger unit 610, and hot water at 80 ℃ is exchanged by the plate heat exchanger unit 610 and enters a heating assembly consisting of a circulating pump 640, a heating coil 620 and a heating sheet 630 for heating.
The biomass is one or more of compressed straw particles, compressed wood particles, apricot shells and wood chippings. The combustible gas comprises one or more of acid mist, formaldehyde, tar, carbon monoxide, hydrogen, oxygen and methane.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The biomass energy heat supply system is characterized by comprising a gasification furnace (1), a combustion-supporting chamber (2), a steam boiler (3), an air blower (4), a combustion-supporting fan (5) and a heating device (6), wherein the combustion-supporting chamber (2) is communicated with an inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace (1), the air blower (4) and the combustion-supporting fan (5) are respectively used for blowing oxygen into the inner combustion chamber of the gasification furnace (1) and the combustion-supporting chamber (2), a smoke discharge port of the combustion-supporting chamber (2) is connected with the steam boiler (3), and a steam outlet of the steam boiler (3) is communicated with a steam inlet of the heating device (6).
2. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 1, further comprising an induced draft fan (7), wherein the air inlet of the induced draft fan (7) is communicated with the flue gas discharge port of the steam boiler (3).
3. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 2, further comprising an exhaust gas purifier (8), wherein the air outlet of the induced draft fan (7) is communicated with the flue gas inlet of the exhaust gas purifier (8).
4. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 3, wherein the exhaust gas purifier (8) comprises a casing and an air inlet pipe, the casing is filled with the washing liquid, one end of the air inlet pipe is connected with the air outlet of the draught fan (7), the other end of the air inlet pipe extends into the casing below the liquid level line of the washing liquid, and the casing is provided with an air outlet above the liquid level line.
5. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 4, characterised in that the exhaust gas cleaning device (8) further comprises a spray assembly arranged in the housing above the liquid level of the cleaning liquid in the housing.
6. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 5, wherein a labyrinth air flow passage is provided in the housing between the outlet port above and above the liquid level of the cleaning liquid, the spray assembly being located above the labyrinth air flow passage.
7. A biomass energy heating system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heating device (6) comprises a plate heat exchanger unit (610) and a heating assembly, the steam outlet of the steam boiler (3) is communicated with the air inlet of the plate heat exchanger unit (610), and the two ends of the heating assembly are respectively communicated with the liquid outlet and the liquid inlet of the plate heat exchanger unit (610) through pipelines.
8. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 7, characterised in that the heating components are heating coils (620) and/or radiators (630).
9. A biomass heat supply system according to claim 8, characterised in that the heating installation (6) further comprises a circulation pump (640), the circulation pump (640) being arranged in a pipe between the heating assembly and the liquid inlet of the plate heat exchanger unit (610).
10. A biomass energy heating system according to claim 1, further comprising a feeding hopper (9) and a raw material conveyor (10), wherein the feeding hopper (9) is mounted on the raw material conveyor (10), the discharge opening of the feeding hopper (9) is positioned above the feeding end of the raw material conveyor (10), and the discharge end of the raw material conveyor (10) extends to the feeding opening of the gasification furnace (1).
CN201920091814.9U 2019-01-21 2019-01-21 Biomass energy heat supply system Active CN209857020U (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112611005A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-06 武汉蓝颖新能源有限公司 Biomass efficient energy-saving heat supply circulating device and use method thereof

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112611005A (en) * 2020-12-17 2021-04-06 武汉蓝颖新能源有限公司 Biomass efficient energy-saving heat supply circulating device and use method thereof

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