CN209669132U - A mobile agricultural straw comprehensive processing system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a mobile comprehensive processing system for agricultural straw, which comprises a box body. First solid conveying equipment is arranged in the box body. A drying unit is arranged on the outside of the first solid conveying equipment. An intermediate storage is arranged on one side of the drying unit. The first solid conveying equipment is connected to the intermediate storage bin, the intermediate storage bin is connected to the pyrolysis unit and the purification unit, the pyrolysis unit is connected to the combustion unit through the device, and the pyrolysis unit is also connected to the carbon storage bin; the intermediate storage bin is connected to the second solid The conveying equipment is connected to the combustion unit. The automatic integration of straw cutting, drying, pyrolysis to biochar, combustion and purification has been realized.

Description

A mobile agricultural straw comprehensive processing system

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of crop stalk processing and processing, in particular to a mobile comprehensive processing system for agricultural stalks.

Background technique

Crop straw is an important biomass energy with a huge output. Its reasonable and effective use is of great significance to the improvement of the ecological environment and the sustainable development of agriculture. As a by-product, crop straw has the characteristics of high water content and low bulk density, and the physical parameters of straw vary greatly in different crops, regions and seasons, which puts forward strict requirements for the research and development of efficient and comprehensive utilization technology of crop straw.

The technology for comprehensive utilization of agricultural straw in ground factories is basically mature, but at the same time, the workload and cost of straw collection, transportation, and storage are huge. A single device can only cover a limited geographical range, and industrialization is difficult.

Existing stalk comprehensive treatment technologies include biological methods, incineration methods, etc., which use fixed devices for processing, and also have mobile device processing methods. For example, the Chinese Patent Publication No. CN108617268A discloses a corn stalk processing device, including The mobile chassis that moves in the middle and is installed on the mobile chassis: a cutting mechanism, used to cut corn stalks into straw sections; a screening mechanism, arranged after the cutting mechanism, for removing corn leaves in the straw sections; a crushing mechanism, set After the screening mechanism, it is used to pulverize part of the straw segments into straw particles and then spray them on the cultivated land; the briquetting mechanism is installed after the screening mechanism, and is used to briquete and pack the remaining corn segments collected by the crushing mechanism ; The field returning mechanism is arranged behind the crushing mechanism and is used to bury the straw particles sprayed on the ground surface below the ground surface. The structure is mainly for crushing, packing and burying the straw, which belongs to the environmental protection treatment equipment of the straw, and this patent belongs to the comprehensive treatment equipment for different treatment methods of the straw.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a mobile comprehensive processing system and method for agricultural stalks in order to solve the defects in the prior art.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is:

A mobile comprehensive processing system for agricultural stalks, comprising a box body, the first solid conveying equipment is arranged in the box body, the feeding port corresponding to the first solid conveying equipment is arranged on the box body, and the outer side of the first solid conveying equipment is provided with Drying unit, one side of the drying unit is provided with an intermediate storage bin, the first solid conveying equipment is connected with the intermediate storage bin, the intermediate storage bin is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the purification unit, the pyrolysis unit is connected with the combustion unit through the device, and the pyrolysis unit also connection to the carbon storage bin;

The intermediate storage bin is connected to the combustion unit through the second solid conveying equipment, and the pyrolysis unit has a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port is located in the intermediate storage bin, and the discharge port is located in the carbon storage bin;

The drying unit is connected with the combustion unit and the purification unit, and the purification unit is connected with the ash discharge device.

Further, the first solid conveying equipment and the second solid conveying equipment are solid conveying equipment with a gas-tight function, and the first solid conveying equipment and the second solid conveying equipment are screw conveyors or rotary feed conveyors.

Further, the bottom chassis of the box has driving wheels.

Further, the pyrolysis unit is a drum-type indirect heating device, and the heating surface of the drum is located in the combustion furnace.

Further, the combustion unit is a chain grate or a reciprocating grate.

Further, the drying unit is a belt dryer.

Further, the purification unit is a bag filter with packing.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: a drying unit, a pyrolysis unit, a purification unit and a combustion unit are integrated in the box of the system, and the automatic integration of straw cutting, drying, pyrolysis to biochar, combustion and purification is realized; There are driving wheels at the bottom of the box, and the whole system can be moved in the field or pulled by a traction machine, which is convenient to use.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the comprehensive processing method of the utility model.

Detailed ways

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a mobile agricultural straw comprehensive processing system includes a box body 1, a first solid conveying equipment 2 is provided in the box body 1, and a solid conveying equipment 2 corresponding to the first solid conveying equipment is installed on the box body 1. The feeding port 3 of the first solid conveying device 2 is provided with a drying unit 4, and one side of the drying unit 4 is provided with an intermediate storage bin 5, and the first solid conveying equipment 2 is connected with the intermediate storage bin 5, and the intermediate storage bin 5 Connect the pyrolysis unit 6 and the purification unit 7, the pyrolysis unit 6 is connected with the combustion unit 9 together with the device 8, which can be a conveyor belt together with the device 8, and the pyrolysis unit 6 is also connected with the charcoal storage bin 10;

At the same time, the intermediate storage bin 5 is connected to the combustion unit 9 through the second solid conveying equipment 14, and the pyrolysis unit 6 has a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port is located in the intermediate storage bin 5, and the discharge port is located in the carbon storage bin 10 Inside;

Further, the drying unit 4 is connected to the combustion unit 9 and the purification unit 7, and the purification unit 7 is connected to the ash discharge device 11, and the ash discharge device 11 can use an existing ash discharge valve.

The integrated processing system also includes an auxiliary unit 12, which may be a generator, a pipeline, a measuring instrument and control system, a security system, and the like. The bottom chassis of the box body 1 has a driving wheel 13, and the driving wheel 13 is connected to a driving motor.

In the utility model, the first solid conveying equipment 2 and the second solid conveying equipment 14 are solid conveying equipment with a gas-tight function, and the first solid conveying equipment 2 and the second solid conveying equipment 14 can be screw conveyors or rotary feeders. Material conveyor, preferably screw conveyor.

The pyrolysis unit 6 is a drum-type indirect heating device, which is an existing drum-type heating device, and the heating surface of the drum is located in the combustion furnace; the combustion unit 9 is a chain grate or a reciprocating grate; the drying unit 4 is a belt dryer; Purification unit 7 is a bag filter with packing.

The specific functions of each functional device are as follows:

Among them, the solid conveying equipment: under the action of the chain row, the materials entering the feed port will be scattered and arranged for conveying and drying. The chain row is conveyed forward under the action of mechanical force. A part of the material is sent to the combustion unit 9 and another part of the material is sent to the pyrolysis unit 6 .

Pyrolysis unit: It is a process of heating to a certain temperature to remove moisture and light volatile moisture in the material in the absence of oxygen or oxygen deficiency. The material moves forward slowly under the action of the spiral blade in a high-temperature environment; as the temperature continues to rise, the surface moisture of the material not only falls off continuously, but also light volatilizes continuously, and its solid product content density and ash content increase significantly , and has hydrophobicity, as the temperature continues to rise, the thermal weight loss rate of the material gradually increases with the extension of time, the internal structure of the material changes, the moisture content drops sharply, and gradually increases to the fixed carbon and ash content; in the element The elements in the analysis are constantly decreasing, while the content of carbon is constantly increasing, thus forming new compounds.

Combustion unit: This section is carried out in a closed environment. In this way, it is not affected by the weather and can fully burn the material without destroying the microorganisms on the surface and polluting the environment. Its working principle is as follows: under the action of the chain row, the materials are placed on the chain row one by one through the flame igniter to make the materials start to burn. The blower starts to work, and the material is fully burned under the action of the blower. After the combustion produces a large amount of smoke, the induced draft fan starts to work. The induced draft fan creates negative pressure in the cavity, and the smoke generated by the combustion is taken away by the induced draft fan. The material on the chain row will take away the burned carbon ash with the rotation of the chain row. The burning area is surrounded by fire-resistant and high-temperature-resistant materials, so that there is no leakage of fire.

Drying unit: After the material is in a dispersed state, under the action of strong hot air, the internal moisture is volatilized and evaporated for a short period of time to make it dehydrated. The hot air in this section comes from the heat generated by combustion, and the heat is blown to the surface of the material through the primary and secondary fans to achieve the required purpose.

Purification unit: through the gravitational action of the induced draft fan installed above, the smoke and dust generated by combustion are sucked into the air duct of the equipment purifier through the universal connecting pipe; a flame arrester is installed at the air duct opening of the purifier, and the spark is blocked by the flame arrester. Smoke and dust enter the interior of the purifier; using gravity and upward airflow, the coarse dust particles are first dropped directly to the bottom of the equipment, and the fine particles of smoke are captured on the outer surface by the filter element, and the clean gas is filtered and purified by the filter element and flows into the clean room from the center of the filter element , The clean air is further purified through the adsorption of activated carbon filters, and then discharged through the air outlet up to standard.

Fresh crops are separated from straws and effective crops by the harvester, such as corn, wheat, alfalfa, rice, etc. The harvester and the system can be a whole or a separate field operation machine. This system can walk automatically, and also can walk under the traction of other machinery with traction function.

The mobile agricultural straw comprehensive processing method corresponding to this system includes the following steps:

a. The straw cut by the harvester is transported to the drying unit 4 through the first solid conveying equipment 2, and the straw is dried by using the high-temperature flue gas generated by combustion, and the dried straw enters the intermediate storage bin 5;

b. Part of the dried straw enters the pyrolysis unit 6, and the material is pyrolyzed by indirect heating. The pyrolysis gaseous product produced by pyrolysis enters the combustion unit 9 for combustion together with the device 8, and the solid product produced by pyrolysis is Biochar enters the carbon storage bin 10;

c. Another part of the dried straw in the intermediate storage bin 5 enters the combustion unit 9 through the second solid conveying equipment 14, and the high-temperature flue gas generated by the combustion unit 9 enters the drying unit 4 to dry the material, and at the same time, the high-temperature flue gas lowers the temperature, Then enter the purification unit 7 for purification treatment and discharge into the atmosphere. The ash produced by the combustion unit is discharged through the ash discharge device 11 and buried in the field as biological fertilizer.

During the treatment process of this system, the original straw is dried, and the heat source of the treatment comes from the heat generated by the burning of the dried straw; the pyrolysis biochar unit is located in the combustion furnace, on the one hand, it effectively absorbs the heat generated by combustion as the pyrolysis heat source, On the other hand, the furnace is effectively protected to prevent overheating; the pyrolysis gas produced by pyrolysis returns to the furnace for combustion, on the one hand supplementing the heat generated by combustion, and on the other hand completely burning the pyrolysis gas can avoid the emission of harmful gases; The high-temperature flue gas enters the drying unit as a drying heat source. On the one hand, it effectively reduces the flue gas discharge temperature and absorbs heat effectively. On the other hand, the drying unit performs preliminary purification of the flue gas, especially the purification of fixed particulate matter.

The box 1 of the system integrates a drying unit 4, a pyrolysis unit 6, a purification unit 7 and a combustion unit 9, which realizes the automatic integration of straw cutting, drying, pyrolysis to biochar, combustion and purification; the box body There are driving wheels at the bottom of the machine. The whole system can be moved in the field or pulled by a traction machine, which is easy to use.

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the industry should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions describe only the principle of the utility model. There will be various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The protection scope required by the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (7)

1. A mobile agricultural straw comprehensive processing system, comprising a box body, the first solid conveying equipment is arranged in the box body, the feeding port corresponding to the first solid conveying equipment is arranged on the box body, the outer side of the first solid conveying equipment A drying unit is provided, one side of the drying unit is provided with an intermediate storage bin, and the first solid conveying equipment is connected with the intermediate storage bin, and the feature is that the intermediate storage bin is connected with the pyrolysis unit and the purification unit, and the pyrolysis unit is connected with the device to burn unit, the pyrolysis unit is also connected to the carbon storage bin; The intermediate storage bin is connected to the combustion unit through the second solid conveying equipment, and the pyrolysis unit has a feed port and a discharge port, the feed port is located in the intermediate storage bin, and the discharge port is located in the carbon storage bin; The drying unit is connected with the combustion unit and the purification unit, and the purification unit is connected with the ash discharge device. 2. A kind of mobile integrated agricultural straw processing system according to claim 1, characterized in that, the first solid conveying equipment and the second solid conveying equipment are solid conveying equipment with airtight function, and the first solid conveying equipment The equipment and the second solid conveying equipment are screw conveyors or rotary feed conveyors. 3. A mobile integrated agricultural stalk processing system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bottom chassis of the box is provided with driving wheels. 4. A mobile integrated agricultural straw treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the pyrolysis unit is a drum-type indirect heating device, and the heating surface of the drum is located in the combustion furnace. 5. A mobile integrated agricultural straw treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the combustion unit is a chain grate or a reciprocating grate. 6. A mobile integrated agricultural straw treatment system according to claim 3, wherein the drying unit is a belt dryer. 7. A mobile integrated agricultural straw treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that the purification unit is a bag filter with filler.