CN209447820U - Photovoltaic module and preparation UV transfer mold - Google Patents

Abstract

The embodiment of the utility model discloses a low-power concentration photovoltaic component and a UV transfer mold for preparation thereof. The low-power concentration photovoltaic component includes a front plate, a first adhesive film, and a photovoltaic film laminated in sequence. The chip, the second adhesive film and the back plate, wherein the front plate includes at least a base material layer and a pattern layer, and the pattern layer at least includes a plurality of evenly distributed light concentrating units for direct light and converge scattered light. The concentrating unit of the low-magnification concentration photovoltaic module of the present invention can concentrate direct light and scattered light from the sun, not only on sunny days, but also on cloudy days.

Description

Photovoltaic modules and UV transfer molds for preparation

technical field

The utility model relates to a solar photovoltaic component, in particular to a low-magnification concentrated photovoltaic component. The utility model also relates to a UV transfer mold for the preparation of the photovoltaic module.

Background technique

Solar energy is an inexhaustible source of energy, and it is recognized as a clean energy source all over the world. Solar cells are devices that directly convert solar energy into electrical energy. They are environmentally friendly and have been used more and more widely. With the development of the photovoltaic industry, the market has put forward higher requirements for photovoltaic products, not only hope to increase power and increase power generation, but also hope that photovoltaic modules are more beautiful.

In order to increase the efficiency of power generation, concentrating photovoltaic systems have been developed. Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) refers to a technology that directly converts concentrated sunlight into electrical energy through photovoltaic cells with high conversion efficiency. Under the concentrating conditions, on the one hand, for a certain output power, the consumption of photovoltaic cell chips can be greatly reduced; on the other hand, the radiation intensity received by the unit area of photovoltaic modules is greatly increased, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of photovoltaic cells improved to a certain extent. Concentrating photovoltaic systems generally add concentrating optical components to photovoltaic modules, such as lens spherical surfaces, aspheric surfaces, concave mirrors, and flat films. Photovoltaic modules with high concentration multiples can greatly improve power generation efficiency, but there are problems of high module temperature and poor heat dissipation. For photovoltaic modules with low concentration multiples, the research focus is on the development of flat film optical components such as Fresnel lenses. However, the existing planar film cannot efficiently track the direction of sunlight, and the overall structure of the system is complex, and there are problems in cost and equipment, which limit its use.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, one aspect of the present invention aims to provide a low-magnification concentrating photovoltaic module with simple process and higher power generation efficiency.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the low-magnification concentrating photovoltaic module provided by the utility model includes a sequentially laminated front plate, a first adhesive film, a photovoltaic chip, a second adhesive film and a back plate, wherein the front plate The board includes at least one substrate layer and a pattern layer, and the pattern layer includes at least a plurality of uniformly distributed light concentrating units for concentrating direct light and scattered light; the protective layer is placed between the pattern layer and The first adhesive film is used for coloring and/or protecting the pattern layer.

Further, the condensing unit is a convex lens unit, and the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the lens unit is 0.1 μm-100 μm.

Further, the bottom surface of the lens unit is circular, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal.

Further, the longitudinal section shape of the lens unit is a parabola, a semicircle or an isosceles trapezoid.

Further, the material of the substrate layer is ultra-clear tempered float glass, fluororesin, PET, PEN, PC or PMMA.

Further, the material of the adhesive film is PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polymer of ethylene and butene), TPU (polyurethane), TPO (thermoplastic polyolefins) or one of silicones.

Further, the back plate is made of glass, stainless steel, alloy or polymer material.

The preparation process of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module provided by the utility model includes:

S1. Prepare the front plate: prepare a pattern layer on the substrate layer by UV transfer printing process, including coating UV transfer printing ink on the substrate layer, and covering the UV transfer printing mold with low power concentration On the printing ink, after the rubber roller is pressed, it is cured and shaped by a UV curing machine; then a protective layer is formed on the pattern layer;

S2. Lamination: sequentially laminating the front sheet, the first adhesive film, the photovoltaic chip, the second adhesive film, and the back sheet through a lamination process.

Another aspect of the utility model is to provide a UV transfer mold for preparing the above-mentioned photovoltaic module, one side surface of the UV transfer mold is formed with a transfer pattern part, and the transfer pattern part has a convex surface. The repeating unit of the structure; the repeating unit of each convex structure, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point can be 0.1 μm-100 μm; the shape of the bottom surface is circular, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal Shape, its longitudinal section shape is parabola, semicircle or isosceles trapezoid.

Compared with the prior art, the low power concentrating photovoltaic module provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects: 1. The pattern of the photovoltaic module can concentrate the direct light and scattered light from the sun, not only in sunny days, Even on cloudy days, scattered light can be concentrated. 2. The preparation process is simple, the structure is simple, the design is reasonable, and it is easy to realize. 3. Compared with the existing solar cells, it has more beautiful appearance, higher power generation efficiency, and lower power generation cost, while taking into account both appearance and power generation efficiency.

It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not intended to limit the invention.

This summary of various implementations or examples of the technology described in this disclosure is not a comprehensive disclosure of the full scope or all features of the technology disclosed.

Description of drawings

In the drawings, which are not necessarily to scale, like reference numerals may depict similar parts in the different views. The same reference number with a letter suffix or a different letter suffix may indicate different instances of similar components. The drawings illustrate various embodiments, generally by way of example and not limitation, and together with the description and claims serve to describe embodiments of the invention. Where appropriate, the same reference numbers will be used throughout the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. Such embodiments are illustrative, and not intended to be exhaustive or exclusive embodiments of the apparatus or method.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the front plate of the photovoltaic module of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the repeating unit of the UV transfer mold used in the preparation process of the low-magnification concentrating photovoltaic module of the present invention.

In the figure: 1...front plate, 2...first adhesive film, 3...photovoltaic chip, 4...second adhesive film, 5...back plate, 6...repeating unit, 11... Substrate layer, 12...pattern layer, 13...protective layer, 14...lens unit.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiment of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the embodiment of the utility model will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings of the embodiment of the utility model. Apparently, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of them. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative work shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, the technical terms or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the usual meanings understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not indicate any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Comprising" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or items appearing before the word include the elements or items listed after the word and their equivalents, without excluding other elements or items. Words such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "Up", "Down", "Left", "Right" and so on are only used to indicate the relative positional relationship. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

In order to keep the following description of the embodiments of the present invention clear and concise, the present invention omits detailed descriptions of known functions and known components.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the low-magnification concentrating photovoltaic module provided by the utility model includes a front plate 1, a first adhesive film 2, a photovoltaic chip 3, a second adhesive film 4 and Back plate 5, wherein, the front plate 1 includes at least a substrate layer 11, a pattern layer 12 and a protective layer 13, and the pattern layer 12 includes at least a plurality of uniformly distributed light-gathering units for direct sunlight Light and scattered light are converged; the protection layer 13 is placed between the pattern layer 12 and the first adhesive film 2 for coloring and/or protecting the pattern layer. In the technical solution provided by the present invention, each light concentrating unit is a lens unit 14, which can be a convex lens, a concave lens or a Fresnel lens, and its purpose is to make the light converge. Specifically, each light concentrating unit can gather direct rays or scattered rays of sunlight. Even on cloudy days, scattered light can be concentrated. Therefore, compared with the existing solar cells, the solar cell has a more beautiful appearance, higher power generation efficiency, and lower power generation cost, while taking into account the beauty and power generation efficiency. But preferably, the condensing unit is a convex lens unit, and the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the lens unit is 0.1 μm-100 μm. And for the repeated lens units 14 formed on the pattern layer 12 , the arrangement and distribution of multiple lens units 14 on the pattern layer 12 still needs to be considered in consideration of the complexity and aesthetics of the processing technology. This is related to the shape of the bottom surface of the lens unit 14 , preferably, the bottom surface of the lens unit is circular, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal or hexagonal. It is conceivable that the shape of the bottom surface of the lens unit 14 here is only given as an example, and other shapes that are easy to process and have certain aesthetics can realize the utility model. Furthermore, for the above-mentioned pattern layer 12, when the lens unit 14 is a convex lens, another factor affecting the light converging effect is the longitudinal section shape of the lens unit. For this, in the present utility model, preferably Specifically, the longitudinal section shape of the lens unit is a parabola, a semicircle or an isosceles trapezoid.

In the low power concentrating photovoltaic module given in the utility model, the pattern layer 12 mainly plays a converging effect on the light. In order to enhance the aesthetics and durability, as shown in Figure 2, the pattern layer 12 A protective layer 13 is also laminated on it. This protective layer 13 can be obtained specifically by vacuum coating technology, which can be vacuum evaporation coating, vacuum sputtering coating, vacuum ion plating, vacuum beam deposition, chemical vapor deposition, etc., but vacuum magnetron sputtering method is preferred. Its function is to provide color and make the appearance of photovoltaic modules more beautiful. At the same time, the pattern layer is protected so that the pattern layer can still display a clear pattern after being filled up by the first adhesive film 2 during the lamination process.

In addition, in the technical solution of the present utility model, those skilled in the art can make various choices of materials constituting the photovoltaic module within a reasonable range. But in fact, in order to obtain better photoelectric conversion efficiency, optionally, the material of the substrate layer is ultra-clear tempered float glass, fluororesin, PET, PEN, PC or PMMA. Optionally, the adhesive film is made of PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polymer of ethylene and butene), TPU (polyurethane), One of TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin) or silicone. The backplane is made of glass, stainless steel, alloy or polymer material.

A preparation process of the above-mentioned photovoltaic module described in the utility model includes:

S1. Prepare the front plate: prepare a pattern layer on the substrate layer by UV transfer printing process, including coating UV transfer printing ink on the substrate layer, and covering the UV transfer printing mold with low power concentration On the printing ink, after the rubber roller is pressed, it is cured and shaped by a UV curing machine; then a protective layer is formed on the pattern layer; specifically, the protective layer that can be obtained by vacuum magnetron sputtering method, the protective layer Layers can achieve the benefits of both coloring and protection to the patterned layer. In actual production, when the low-power concentrated UV transfer printing mold is covered on the transfer printing ink and the rubber roller is pressed, the UV transfer printing ink has a corresponding pattern, but it still needs to be cured by UV to finally form the pattern layer. In this process, according to the viscosity characteristics of different transfer inks, the UV transfer mold can be removed before being cured and shaped by the UV curing machine, or it can be cured and shaped by the UV curing machine first, and then the UV transfer can be removed mold.

S2. Lamination: sequentially laminating the front sheet, the first adhesive film, the photovoltaic chip, the second adhesive film, and the back sheet through a lamination process.

As for the UV transfer mold in the above process, its function is to enable the photovoltaic module to form a light concentrating unit through the UV transfer mold during preparation. Therefore, the UV transfer mold needs to be formed with a transfer texture part on one side surface, and the transfer texture part is a repeating unit with a convex structure; the repeating unit of each convex structure can be equivalent to It is an independent small lens, similar to a convex lens, a lenticular lens, a fly's eye lens, etc., and thus the shape of the lens unit 14 corresponding to the pattern layer 12 that can be formed corresponds to it. In other words, the height difference between the highest point and the lowest point of the repeating unit 6 can also be 0.1 μm-100 μm, the shape of the bottom surface can be circular, triangular, quadrangular, pentagonal, hexagonal, etc., and the shape of the longitudinal section is parabola, Semicircle, isosceles trapezoid, etc. As for the material, the UV transfer mold is preferably obtained by processing the desired transfer texture part on the surface of metal materials such as copper, iron, nickel, aluminum, stainless steel, etc. by electroforming. Wherein, the metal material can be planar or cylindrical. It is preferably cylindrical, which can carry out continuous operation during the UV transfer process and improve work efficiency. In another embodiment of the present invention, the UV transfer mold also includes a micron-scale release film. A corresponding texture is formed on the substrate, and then the release film is covered on the substrate layer to form the front panel.

Specific examples are given below to illustrate the composition of the technical solution of the present invention and related technical effects.

Example 1:

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a low-magnification concentrating photovoltaic module provided by this embodiment includes a front plate 1, a first adhesive film 2, a photovoltaic chip 3, and a second adhesive film from top to bottom. Membrane 4 and Backplate 5.

Low concentration photovoltaic modules are made by lamination process, which can be traditional lamination method or step-by-step lamination process. This embodiment adopts a step-by-step lamination process, that is, through multiple lamination processes, and as the number of laminations increases, the temperature and pressure during lamination gradually increase. For example, after forming a laminated structure, first Pre-lamination at lower temperature and pressure, followed by secondary lamination at relatively higher temperature and pressure, followed by tertiary lamination at higher temperature and pressure, and so on, until the laminate is laminated firm.

Wherein, the front panel 1 includes a substrate layer 11 , a pattern layer 12 and a protective layer 13 from top to bottom. The substrate layer 11 includes, but is not limited to, ultra-clear tempered float glass, transparent fluororesin, PET, PEN, PC, PMMA and the like. In this embodiment, ultra-clear tempered float glass is used. The pattern layer 12 is a low-power concentrating pattern made by a UV transfer printing process, that is, a UV transfer printing ink is applied on the substrate layer, and the low-power concentrating UV transfer printing mold is covered on the UV transfer printing ink. , After the rubber rollers are pressed together, they are cured and shaped by a UV curing machine. The shape of the concentrating unit on the pattern layer obtained by the UV transfer printing process corresponds to the low-power concentrating UV transfer mold. Figure 3 shows the UV transfer mold used in the preparation process of the low-power concentrating photovoltaic module of the present invention. The structure schematic diagram of the repeating unit, as shown in Figure 3, what the present embodiment adopts is the UV transfer mold that bottom surface shape is rhombus, and this corresponds to form the color layer that has rhombus light concentrating unit, but the utility model is not limited to this pattern shape. The protection layer 13 is a coating layer obtained by vacuum magnetron sputtering, and its function is to provide color and protect the pattern layer at the same time. The color selected in this embodiment is blue. The protective layer 13 is in direct contact with the first adhesive film 2 . Among them, the solar chip 3 includes but is not limited to CIGS (copper indium gallium selenide), GaAs (gallium arsenide), CdTe (cadmium telluride), HIT (amorphous/single crystal heterojunction), amorphous silicon thin film, single crystal Silicon, polysilicon and other chips. In this embodiment, a CIGS chip with a size of 1200mm*800mm is selected. Among them, the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 4 include but are not limited to PVB (polyvinyl butyral), EVA (ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), POE (polyethylene and butene polymer), One of TPU (polyurethane), TPO (thermoplastic polyolefin), silicone. The second adhesive film 4 is the same as the first adhesive film, and EVA is used in this embodiment.

Wherein, the backplane 5 may be glass, stainless steel, alloy, etc., or may be a polymer backplane. This embodiment uses glass.

Example 2:

The difference from Example 1 is that the substrate layer 11 is made of ultra-clear tempered float glass; the protective layer 13 is blue obtained by vacuum magnetron sputtering. The solar chip 3 is a CIGS chip with a size of 1200mm*800mm. Adhesive films 2 and 4 are made of EVA. The backplane 5 is made of glass. The final result is an unpatterned, blue photovoltaic module

Example 3:

Different from Embodiment 1 and Embodiment 2, the front panel 1 includes a substrate layer 11 from top to bottom, that is, ultra-clear tempered float glass. The solar chip 3 is a CIGS chip with a size of 1200mm*800mm; the first adhesive film 2 and the second adhesive film 4 are made of EVA; the back plate 5 is made of glass. Finally, a photovoltaic module with no pattern layer and no protective layer is obtained

As can be seen from Table 1 below, the data size of power and current is: Example 2 (photovoltaic module without patterned layer, blue color)<Example 3 (photovoltaic module without patterned layer, no protective layer)<Example 1 (patterned layer, blue photovoltaic modules). Among them, the photovoltaic module without pattern layer and no protective layer is an ordinary module. When the front panel is coated with blue, the light transmittance will decrease, resulting in smaller power and current; the current panel has UV transfer patterns and blue coating. , because the UV transfer pattern has a light concentrating effect, the power and current are higher than those of the unpatterned and blue photovoltaic modules, and even higher than that of ordinary modules, indicating that there is a light concentrating effect.

Table 1

serial number components Current (mA) power (w) Example 1 Photovoltaic modules with patterned layers, blue color 1.51 127.6 Example 2 Unpatterned, blue photovoltaic module 0.92 107.6 Example 3 Photovoltaic modules with no pattern layer and no protective layer 1.02 120

In addition, although exemplary embodiments have been described in the present invention, the scope includes any and all equivalent elements, modifications, omissions, combinations (eg, cross-cutting schemes of various embodiments), adaptations, or Changed example. Elements in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and are not limited to examples described in this specification or during the practice of the application, which examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. It is therefore intended that the specification and examples be considered as illustrations only, with a true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims, along with their full scope of equivalents.

The above description is intended to be illustrative rather than restrictive. For example, the above examples (or one or more aspects thereof) may be used in combination with each other. For example, other embodiments may be used by those of ordinary skill in the art upon reading the above description. In addition, in the above specific embodiments, various features may be grouped together to simplify the present invention. This is not to be interpreted as intending that an unclaimed disclosed feature is essential to any claim. Rather, inventive subject matter may lie in less than all features of a particular disclosed embodiment. Thus, the following claims are hereby incorporated into the detailed description as examples or embodiments, where each claim stands on its own as a separate embodiment, and it is contemplated that these embodiments may be combined with each other in various combinations or permutations. The scope of the invention should be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.

The above embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the utility model, and are not used to limit the utility model, and the protection scope of the utility model is defined by the claims. Those skilled in the art can make various modifications or equivalent replacements to the utility model within the spirit and protection scope of the utility model, and such modifications or equivalent replacements should also be deemed to fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. low-concentration photovoltaic component, which is characterized in that including foreboard, the first bonding glue film, photovoltaic chip, the being sequentially laminated Two bonding glue films and backboard, wherein the foreboard includes at least having a substrate layer, a pattern layer and protective layer, the pattern Layer includes at least multiple equally distributed light focusing units, for converging to direct light and scattering light；The protection is placed on For the pattern layer to be coloured and/or protected between the pattern layer and the first bonding glue film.

2. low-concentration photovoltaic component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the light focusing unit is the lens of a convex Unit, the difference in height of the lens unit highs and lows are 0.1 μm -100 μm.

3. low-concentration photovoltaic component as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the bottom surface of the lens unit be it is round, Triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or hexagon.

4. low-concentration photovoltaic component as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that the vertical section shape of the lens unit is Parabola, semicircle or isosceles trapezoid.

5. low-concentration photovoltaic component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the material of the substrate layer is ultrawhite tempering Float glass, fluorine resin, PET, PEN, PC or PMMA.

6. low-concentration photovoltaic component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the first bonding glue film and/or described The material of second bonding glue film is the high polymer of polyvinyl butyral, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene and butylene, gathers Urethane, thermoplastic polyolefin-like or organosilicon.

7. low-concentration photovoltaic component as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the backboard is glass, stainless steel, alloy Or macromolecule material.

8. being used to prepare the UV transfer mold of the described in any item low-concentration photovoltaic components of claim 1 to 7, which is characterized in that The surface of the UV transfer mold is formed with transfer lines portion, and the transfer lines portion is the repetitive unit with convex shape；Often The repetitive unit of a convex shape, the difference in height of highs and lows can be 0.1 μm -100 μm；Its bottom shape is Circle, triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or hexagon, vertical section shape are parabola, semicircle or isosceles trapezoid.