CN209400333U - Dual hydraulic dynamic compression shear testing machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine, which comprises a vertical loading mechanism and a horizontal loading mechanism. The horizontal loading mechanism includes a shear plate and a horizontal force loading cylinder for outputting force in the horizontal direction to the shear plate. The loading cylinder includes the lower pressing plate used in conjunction with the shear plate and the vertical force loading cylinder for outputting vertical force from the lower pressing plate. The double hydraulic power compression shear testing machine also includes oil supply to the horizontal force loading cylinder and the vertical force loading cylinder. oil supply system, the oil supply system includes the oil tank, the oil supply circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply circuit of the vertical force loading cylinder, and the oil supply circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply circuit of the vertical force loading cylinder include Two oil supply branches connected in parallel with the oil tank, one of which is provided with a high-pressure small-flow hydraulic pump, and the other oil supply branch is provided with a low-pressure large-flow hydraulic pump and a check valve. The utility model provides a dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine capable of reducing oil energy loss.

Description

Dual hydraulic dynamic compression shear testing machine

technical field

The utility model relates to a double-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine for performing compression-shear tests on rubber bearings.

Background technique

Compression-shear testing machine is mainly used for testing the axial and radial compression, shear and rotational mechanical tests of rubber bearings under the compound conditions of compressive and shearing forces of various bridge plate and basin rubber bearings. Mechanical performance tests such as compressive elastic modulus, shear elastic modulus, allowable shear angle, friction coefficient and ultimate compressive strength of rubber bearings can be carried out.

Existing hydraulic compression-shear testing machine is shown in Figure 1, and this compression-shear testing machine comprises vertical loading mechanism and horizontal loading mechanism, and vertical loading mechanism comprises vertical loading support, and vertical loading support comprises base, column 5 and beam 4. A vertical loading cylinder 6 is provided on the base. The horizontal loading mechanism includes a guide rail 1 arranged along the left and right directions. A loading trolley 2 is installed on the guide rail for guiding movement. The loading trolley 2 is provided with a horizontal force loading cylinder, and the horizontal force loading cylinder A shearing plate 9 is connected on it.

When it is necessary to carry out the shear force test on the rubber bearing, two rubber bearings 8 are respectively placed between the upper and lower surfaces of the shear plate 9 and the crossbeam 4 and the lower platen 7, and the vertical loading cylinder is pressed against the rubber bearing. A vertical loading force is applied to simulate the bridge weight. The reaction force part 3 of the loading trolley roof rests on the crossbeam and uses the crossbeam as a reaction force frame to apply tension to the shear plate through the horizontal force loading cylinder. The shear plate exerts tension on the upper and lower sides The two rubber bearings are sheared to simulate the shear force of the rubber bearings to the bridge in an earthquake environment. In this way, the shear resistance performance of the rubber bearing is tested. The existing problem of this hydraulic compression shear testing machine is that the oil supply circuits for the vertical force loading hydraulic cylinder and the horizontal force loading cylinder are all supplied by quantitative pumps. In the shear test, the system needs to maintain pressure for a long time, and the quantitative pump is used to supply oil. Almost all the pressure oil flows back to the oil tank through the overflow valve under high pressure. The system has a large power loss and serious heat generation.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine capable of reducing oil energy loss.

For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

A dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine includes a vertical loading mechanism and a horizontal loading mechanism, the horizontal loading mechanism includes a shear plate and a horizontal force loading cylinder that outputs a horizontal force to the shear plate, and the vertical force loading cylinder includes a The lower pressing plate used in conjunction with the shear plate and the vertical force loading cylinder for outputting vertical force from the downward pressing plate, the double hydraulic power compression shear testing machine also includes an oil supply system for supplying oil to the horizontal force loading cylinder and the vertical force loading cylinder , the oil supply system includes a fuel tank, an oil supply circuit for the horizontal force loading cylinder and an oil supply circuit for the vertical force loading cylinder with an overflow valve, an oil supply circuit for the horizontal force loading cylinder, and an oil supply circuit for the vertical force loading cylinder Both include two oil supply branches connected in parallel with the fuel tank, one of which is provided with a high-pressure small-flow hydraulic pump, and the other oil supply branch is provided with a low-pressure large-flow hydraulic pump and a check valve.

An unloading valve is also arranged on the oil supply oil circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply oil circuit of the vertical force loading cylinder.

The vertical loading mechanism also includes a force transmission plate fixed on the piston rod of the vertical force loading cylinder, the force transmission plate is connected with the lower pressing plate through a horizontal displacement buffer mechanism, and the horizontal displacement buffer mechanism includes an upper ball head, The lower ball head and the middle force transmission part, the upper ball head is fixed on the lower pressure plate, the lower ball head is fixed on the force transmission plate, and the upper end of the middle force transmission part is provided with an upper ball groove that cooperates with the spherical surface of the upper ball head. The lower end of the force transmission part is provided with a lower ball groove that is rotatably matched with the spherical surface of the lower ball head. The compression shear testing machine also includes left limiters that are arranged on the left and right sides of the lower pressure plate for guiding and cooperating with the lower pressure plate in the up and down direction. Bracket and right limit bracket.

The left side of the lower pressing plate and the right side of the lower pressing plate are provided with pressing plate limiting rollers which realize rolling contact and cooperation with corresponding limiting brackets to guide the lower pressing plate.

The intermediate force transmission part is a sleeve structure, the upper ball groove is located at the upper end of the inner hole of the intermediate force transmission part, and the lower ball groove is located at the lower end of the inner hole of the intermediate force transmission part.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the oil supply circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply circuit of the vertical force loading cylinder in the utility model both include two oil supply branches arranged in parallel and connected with the fuel tank, one of which supplies A high-pressure and small-flow hydraulic pump is arranged on the oil branch, and a low-pressure and high-flow hydraulic pump and a check valve are arranged on the other oil supply branch. When the rubber bearing is tested, when the system pressure is low, oil is supplied to the corresponding loading cylinder through the low-pressure large-flow pump and the high-pressure small-flow hydraulic pump at the same time, and the corresponding piston rod can move quickly to improve work efficiency. After high pressure, the low-pressure and large-flow pump unloads, and the high-pressure and small-flow hydraulic pump plays the role of maintaining pressure. Through the dual-power cooperation of the low-pressure, high-flow hydraulic pump and the high-pressure, small-flow hydraulic pump, there is not much hydraulic oil to do work, so the oil is reduced. Energy loss, avoiding the serious problem of system heating.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of background technology in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the lower platen and the rubber bearing of the utility model;

Fig. 4 is the cooperation schematic diagram of upper platen platen, shear platen platen, shear plate lower platen and lower platen platen in the utility model;

Fig. 5 is a structural representation of the horizontal displacement buffer mechanism in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of cooperation between the oil supply system and the horizontal force loading cylinder and the vertical force loading cylinder in the utility model.

Detailed ways

An embodiment of a dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine is shown in Figures 2 to 6: it includes a vertical loading mechanism and a horizontal loading mechanism, the vertical loading mechanism vertically loads the bracket 23, and the vertical loading bracket 23 includes a left limit bracket 61, and the right side limit bracket 62, the upper end of the left side limit bracket 61, the right side limit bracket 62 is provided with a crossbeam 5, the lower end of the crossbeam is provided with an upper pressing plate 14, and the lower side of the upper pressing plate 14 is provided with a lower pressing plate 26 , the left and right sides of the lower platen 26 are respectively provided with a platen limit roller 25 between the left limit bracket and the right limit bracket. The positioning roller cooperates with the rolling guide of the left limit bracket, and the right plate limit roller cooperates with the rolling guide of the right limit bracket. The lower side of the lower pressure plate is provided with a force transmission plate 27, and a horizontal displacement buffer mechanism is arranged between the force transmission plate 27 and the lower pressure plate. The lower side of the force transmission plate 27 is provided with a vertical force loading cylinder, and the force transmission plate is fixed on the vertical On the piston rod of force loading cylinder 28.

In this embodiment, the horizontal displacement buffer mechanism includes an upper ball head 29 fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate 26 and a lower ball head 31 fixedly connected to the force transmission plate 27. The upper ball head 29 and the lower ball head 31 are provided with intermediate The force transmission member 30, in the present embodiment, the intermediate force transmission member is an intermediate force transmission sleeve, and the upper end of the inner hole of the intermediate force transmission sleeve is an upper ball groove 33 that is in contact with the spherical surface of the upper ball head. The lower end of the hole is a lower ball groove 32 that is in contact with the lower ball head spherical surface. The horizontal loading mechanism includes a guide rail 1 extending in the left and right direction, and a loading trolley 2 is equipped for guiding and moving on the guide rail. The loading trolley 2 has a reaction force part 4 for pushing against the vertical loading bracket 23. In this embodiment, The reaction force part 4 abuts against the crossbeam 5 of the vertical loading bracket, the loading trolley is provided with a horizontal force loading cylinder 3, and the horizontal force loading cylinder 3 is connected with a shear plate 7 between the upper platen 14 and the lower platen 26 , the specific connection relationship between the horizontal force loading cylinder and the shearing plate is that the horizontal force loading cylinder is provided with a vertically arranged connecting pin, the shearing plate is provided with a pin connecting hole connected with the connecting pin, and the connecting pin The height of the shaft is higher than the height of the connection hole of the pin shaft, so the shear plate can move up and down relative to the connection pin shaft to transmit pressure to the upper rubber bearing. The connection relationship between the horizontal force loading cylinder and the shear plate belongs to the prior art. When in use, the horizontal force loading cylinder transmits shear force to the rubber bearing by pulling the shear plate. Due to the existence of matching errors, there will be a certain amount of vibration between the pressure plate limit roller 25 and the vertical loading bracket. When the horizontal force loading cylinder pulls the shear plate, the lower pressing plate will move to the right within a small range, and the moving range is basically within 2mm. Through the existence of the horizontal displacement buffer mechanism, the vertical force of the displacement is well buffered. For the impact of the loading cylinder, the lower platen moves to the right with the upper ball head 29, and the middle force transmission sleeve 30 is adjusted in an adaptive manner. This displacement will not act on the force transmission plate, so the piston rod of the vertical force loading cylinder will not Being subjected to horizontal force, on the one hand, it can prevent the piston from being damaged by horizontal force for a long time, and it can also ensure that the vertical loading cylinder can output accurate vertical loading force to the rubber bearing, because if the horizontal force acts on the piston On the rod, it will inevitably increase the friction between the piston rod and the cylinder body of the vertical loading cylinder, and this friction will affect the accuracy of the vertical loading force output by the vertical loading cylinder.

The dual-hydraulic dynamic compression-shear testing machine also includes an oil supply system for supplying oil to the horizontal force loading cylinder 3 and the vertical force loading cylinder 28. The oil supply system includes an oil tank 43 and an oil supply to the horizontal force loading cylinder provided with an overflow valve 45. Road 48 and the oil supply circuit 47 of the vertical force loading cylinder, the oil supply circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply circuit of the vertical force loading cylinder all include two oil supply branches connected in parallel with the oil tank, one of which A high-pressure small-flow hydraulic pump 44 is set on the oil supply branch, a low-pressure large-flow hydraulic pump 42 and a check valve 50 are set on the other oil supply branch, and the oil supply oil circuit of the horizontal force loading cylinder and the oil supply oil of the vertical force loading cylinder An unloading valve 46 is also provided on the road. When the system pressure is low, the low-pressure large-flow hydraulic pump 42 and the high-pressure small-flow hydraulic pump 44 supply oil to the system at the same time. At this time, the high-pressure and low-flow hydraulic pump plays the role of maintaining pressure, and the overflow valve 45 regulates the system pressure.

On the upper pressing plate 14, the upper pressing plate platen 13 with the axis of rotation extending in the up-down direction is rotatably equipped; The pressure plate of the upper platen is used to cooperate with the pressure plate 19 on the shear plate for carrying out the shear test on the rubber bearing on the upper side. The lower platen 9 of the shear plate in the shear test, the platen 13 of the upper platen, the platen 19 of the shear plate, the lower platen 9 of the shear plate and the platen 36 of the lower platen are coaxially arranged, the platen of the upper platen, the platen of the shear plate The upper platen of the cutting plate, the lower platen of the shearing plate and the platen of the lower platen have a first station and a second station whose rotation angles differ by 180 degrees. In this embodiment: between the pressure plate on the shear plate and the shear plate, there is an upper platen fixing bolt 10 that realizes fixing the pressure plate on the shear plate to the first station and the second station; the shear plate A lower platen fixing bolt 37 for fixing the shear plate to the first station and the second station is arranged between the lower platen and the shear plate.

The lower end surface of the upper platen plate is provided with an upper platen platen installation groove 17 extending radially along the upper platen platen to the outer peripheral surface of the upper platen platen, and the lower end surface of the upper platen is provided with two 180-degree distribution. The upper platen mounting groove 16 is used to cooperate with the upper platen platen mounting groove alone, and the upper platen platen is hinged with the upper platen platen installation groove and the corresponding upper platen platen installation groove to limit the upper platen platen to the corresponding working position. The upper limit rod 15 of the position, the hinge axis of the upper limit rod 15 is perpendicular to the up-down direction. The upper end surface of the platen on the shearing plate is provided with an upper limit rod clamping groove 18 for the upper limit rod to be snapped in after being rotated out of the upper pressure plate mounting groove, and the middle part of the upper limit rod has a hand-held upper limit rod for applying force. Ministry of Force. The outer end of the upper limit rod protrudes from the upper platen, and after the end of the upper limit rod away from the pressure plate of the upper platen is rotated to the upper limit card slot, the circumferential sides of the upper limit bar are in contact with the corresponding side walls of the upper limit card slot Cooperate, remove the first fixing bolt of the shear plate between the pressure plate and the shear plate on the shear plate, and the staff can hold the middle part of the upper limit lever to drive the pressure plate on the shear plate and the upper plate pressure plate to rotate synchronously , after turning 180 degrees, the upper limit rod can be turned back to the upper platen mounting groove and the other upper platen mounting groove. A fixing bolt fixes the pressure plate on the shearing plate to the shearing plate.

The upper end surface of the lower pressure plate is provided with a lower pressure plate mounting groove 35 extending radially from the lower pressure plate to the outer peripheral surface of the lower pressure plate, and the upper end surface of the lower pressure plate is provided with two 180 degree distribution The lower platen mounting groove 24 is used to cooperate with the lower platen platen mounting groove alone, and the lower platen platen is hinged to be located in the lower platen platen mounting groove and the corresponding lower platen mounting groove to limit the lower platen platen to the corresponding position. The lower limit rod 22 of the station, the hinged axis of the lower limit rod 22 is perpendicular to the up-down direction. The upper end surface of the lower platen of the shear plate is provided with a lower limit rod clamping groove 20 for the lower limit rod to be snapped in after being rotated out of the lower pressure plate mounting groove, and the middle part of the lower limit rod has a lower limit rod for hand-held force application. Ministry of Force. The outer end of the lower limit rod protrudes from the lower pressure plate, and after the end of the lower limit rod away from the pressure plate of the lower pressure plate is rotated to the lower limit card groove, the circumferential sides of the lower limit rod contact with the corresponding side groove wall of the lower limit card groove Cooperate, remove the second fixing bolt 37 of the shear plate between the lower platen of the shear plate and the shear plate, and the staff can hold the middle part of the lower limit rod to drive the lower platen of the shear plate and the pressure plate of the lower platen to synchronize Rotate, after turning 180 degrees, you can turn the lower limit lever back to the lower platen mounting groove and another lower platen mounting groove, at this time the lower limit lever will limit the lower platen pressure plate to the second station, through the shear plate The second fixing bolt fixes the lower pressure plate of the shearing plate on the shearing plate.

When in use, place rubber bearings between the pressure plate of the upper platen and the platen of the shearing plate, and between the platen of the lower platen of the shearing plate and the platen of the lower platen. The pressure plate, the lower platen of the shearing plate and the platen of the lower platen are in the first station. The upper platen platen and the platen of the lower platen cannot be rotated respectively through the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod. The immobilization of the lower pressure plate of the shearing plate is realized by the first fixing bolt of the shearing plate and the second fixing bolt of the shearing plate respectively. In this embodiment, the first fixing bolt of the shearing plate and the second fixing bolt of the shearing plate are both There are two, the first fixing bolts of the two shearing plates are distributed at intervals of 180 degrees, and the second fixing bolts of the two shearing plates are distributed at intervals of 180 degrees; Resist on the vertical loading bracket, the vertical loading bracket constitutes the reaction frame of the loading trolley, and the shear plate brings the pressure plate on the shear plate and the lower pressure plate of the shear plate to apply a horizontal force in the right direction to the corresponding rubber bearing. Shear force in one direction realizes the shear test on the rubber bearing in one direction. After the test, the horizontal force loading cylinder is unloaded, the upper limit rod is turned down, the upper limit rod is turned up, and the lower end of the upper limit rod is snapped into the In the slot of the upper limit rod, the upper end of the lower limit rod is snapped into the slot of the lower limit rod, and the corresponding fixing bolts are removed, and the staff can hold the middle part of the corresponding limit rod, just like pushing a millstone (vertical state) The limit rod of the upper platen, the platen of the shear plate, the platen of the lower platen and the platen of the lower platen are rotated 180 degrees to the second station, Then retract the upper limit rod and the lower limit rod, and re-fix the upper fixing bolts. Driven by the pressure plate of the upper platen, the platen of the shear plate, the lower platen of the shear plate and the platen of the lower platen, the rubber bearing rotates 180 degrees. degree, and then apply a pulling force to the shear plate through the horizontal force loading cylinder. Although the loading direction of the horizontal force loading cylinder has not changed in the two tests, the rubber bearing itself has rotated 180 degrees, so the two times of the rubber bearing The direction of the shear force is opposite, and the two-way loading of the rubber bearing in the horizontal direction is realized, which is closer to the real earthquake environment. In other embodiments of the present invention: the fixing of the working positions of the upper platen platen and the lower platen platen can also be realized by bolts; the counter force portion can also be pressed against the column of the vertical loading bracket.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of Double-hydraulic power pressure-shear test machine, including vertical loading mechanism and horizontal addload mechanism, horizontal addload mechanism packet It includes shear plate and loads cylinder to the horizontal force of shear plate output level direction active force, it includes matching with shear plate that vertical force, which loads cylinder, It closes the lower platen used and pushing the back down exports the vertical force load cylinder of vertical active force, Double-hydraulic power pressure-shear test machine also wraps Include the oil supply system that cylinder and vertical force load oil supply cylinder are loaded to horizontal force, it is characterised in that: oil supply system includes fuel tank, setting The horizontal force load oil supply cylinder oil circuit and vertical force load oil supply cylinder oil circuit, horizontal force for having overflow valve load oil supply cylinder oil circuit, erect It include the fuel feeding branch of two parallel arrangements being connected with fuel tank, one of fuel feeding branch road to power load oil supply cylinder oil circuit It is provided with high-pressure low-flow hydraulic pump, another fuel feeding branch road is provided with low pressure and mass flow hydraulic pump and check valve.

2. Double-hydraulic power pressure-shear test machine according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: horizontal force loads oil supply cylinder oil circuit Unloading valve is additionally provided with on vertical force load oil supply cylinder oil circuit.