CN209300231U - An air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer based on side ventilation structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer based on a lateral ventilation structure. The machine includes a drying chamber body with an air source heat pump installed outside one end; The air clamping wall, the air inlet clamping wall and the return air clamping wall are adjacent to the heat pump to form an air inlet and a return air outlet respectively; the return air outlet is connected to the air duct where the condenser is placed after passing through the third air valve; the heat pump and the return air outlet It has a heat exchange chamber where a plate-fin heat exchanger is installed. A first air valve is installed on the outside of the heat exchange chamber, and a second air valve is installed on the side adjacent to the air return port. The opposite side of the first air valve is connected to the air duct. The opposite side of the air valve is connected to the heat pump chamber where the evaporator is placed; the return air outlet is connected to the heat pump chamber through the high-temperature side plate fin of the plate-fin heat exchanger after passing through the second air valve; the ambient air passes through the first air valve and then passes through the plate-fin heat exchange The low-temperature side plate of the device communicates with the air duct. The utility model meets the requirements of various drying conditions such as heating, dehumidification, and humidity stabilization, and ensures that fruits and vegetables are dried evenly in all directions.

Description

An air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer based on side ventilation structure

technical field

The utility model relates to a fruit and vegetable drying equipment, in particular to a side ventilation structure air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drying machine, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural product drying equipment.

Background technique

According to the applicant's understanding, there are two main structures of the existing fruit and vegetable drying room drying equipment on the market. One is the top air blowing bottom return air drying room. Evenly, so there is serious uneven drying, it is difficult to control the drying quality of the materials out of the warehouse; the other is the flat 360° drying room, although the ventilation consistency in the vertical direction is better, so that the local area on the same horizontal plane corresponds to The drying process of the upper and lower materials is relatively synchronous, but the uniformity of the wind field distribution in the horizontal direction, especially in the direction perpendicular to the airflow direction, is poor, resulting in a serious lag in drying materials near the middle partition. In addition, the above-mentioned existing technology has a single working condition and cannot meet the needs of various drying conditions such as heating and dehumidification as appropriate, and the drying efficiency is low and the adaptability is poor.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a lateral ventilation structure air source heat pump for fruits and vegetables that can meet the needs of various drying conditions such as heating, dehumidification, and humidity stabilization, and is uniformly dry in all directions. Dryer, so as to effectively improve the drying efficiency and ensure the drying quality.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the basic technical solution of the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer based on the lateral ventilation structure of the utility model is as follows: it includes a drying chamber with a door at one end and a heat pump machine installed outside the other end; the heat pump machine contains a The compressor, condenser, throttle valve and evaporator of the heat exchange cycle; the two sides of the drying chamber are respectively provided with an air inlet sandwich wall with an air outlet array hole and a return air sandwich wall with a return air array hole, An air inlet and a return air outlet are respectively formed at the ends of the air inlet and return air interleaved walls adjacent to the heat pump; the air return outlet communicates with the air inlet through the air channel where the condenser is placed after passing through the third air valve;

Between the heat pump and the air return port is a heat exchange chamber where a plate-fin heat exchanger is installed. A first air valve is installed on the outside of the heat exchange chamber, and a second air valve is installed on the side adjacent to the air return port. The opposite side of the first air valve is connected with the air duct, and the opposite side of the second air valve is connected with the heat pump chamber where the evaporator is placed; the side of the heat pump chamber adjacent to the first air valve is the ambient airflow inlet side, and the airflow inlet side passes through The evaporator communicates with the air outlet side;

The air return port communicates with the heat pump chamber through the multi-layer fins on the high-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger after passing through the second air valve; the ambient air passes through the multi-layer fins on the low-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger after passing the first air valve. The air duct is connected.

During operation, the ambient air enters from the inlet side of the airflow and flows out from the outlet side of the airflow after passing through the evaporator. There are three working conditions for controlling the opening and closing of each air valve:

When the first damper is controlled, the second damper is closed and the third damper is opened, the air return port communicates with the air inlet only through the third damper and then through the air channel where the condenser is placed, forming heating without dehumidification air circulation;

When the first air valve and the second air valve are controlled to open and the third air valve is closed, the airflow from the air return port passes through the second air valve and then passes through the multi-layer plate fins on the high temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger, and then passes through the evaporator from the airflow. The outlet side flows out, and the ambient air passes through the first air valve and passes through the multi-layer plate fins on the low-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger, and then enters the air channel where the condenser is placed and communicates with the air inlet, forming complete dehumidification and secondary recovery of waste heat. Cross airflow for secondary heating of ambient air;

When the first air valve, the second air valve, and the third air valve are controlled to open at a predetermined opening, the airflow at the air return port is divided into two paths, and one path passes through the third air valve and then passes through the air duct where the condenser is placed and the The above-mentioned air inlet is connected, and the other path passes through the second air valve and then passes through the multi-layer plate fin on the high-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger, then passes through the evaporator and flows out from the air outlet side, and the ambient air passes through the first air valve through the plate-fin heat exchanger After the multi-layer fins on the low-temperature side enter the air channel where the condenser is placed, it communicates with the air inlet to form a branch circulation airflow with partial dehumidification, secondary recovery of waste heat, secondary heating of ambient air, and partial direct circulation.

It can be seen that the utility model can effectively meet the needs of various drying conditions such as heating, dehumidification, and humidity stabilization, and ensure that fruits and vegetables are dried uniformly in all directions, thereby effectively improving drying efficiency and ensuring drying quality.

A further improvement of the utility model is that the air outlet array holes of the air inlet sandwich wall are formed by punching holes arranged in a gradually sparse array along the direction of the incident airflow.

A further improvement of the utility model is that the return air array holes of the return air clamping wall are formed by punching holes arranged in a gradually sparse array against the return air flow direction.

A further improvement of the utility model is that the air return port is equipped with vertically arranged axial flow fan units.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of an embodiment of the utility model.

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the air flow route for heating without dehumidification in the embodiment of Fig. 1 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the air circulation in the embodiment of Fig. 1 without air recovery, secondary recovery of waste heat, and secondary heating of ambient air.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of partial direct circulation, partial dehumidification, and medium air circulation of the embodiment in Fig. 1 .

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

In this embodiment, the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer based on the side ventilation mechanism is shown in Figures 1 and 2. One end of the drying chamber 4 has a door 4-1, and a heat pump 5 is installed outside the other end. The heat pump 5 includes a compressor 5-2, a condenser 5-1, a throttle valve 5-3, and an evaporator 5-4 forming a heat exchange cycle. Both sides of the drying chamber body 4 are respectively provided with an air inlet clamping wall 4-3 with densely arranged air outlet array holes 4-2 and a return air clamping wall 4-3 with densely arranged return air array holes 4-4. 5. In order to ensure the uniform distribution of the air field after the medium air passes through the perforated plate, the air outlet array holes 4-2 of the air inlet clamping wall 4-3 are punched with a gradual change in the opening ratio along the direction of the incident airflow. Specifically, It is formed by punching holes arranged in a gradually sparse array along the direction of the incident airflow, and at the same time, the air inlet chamber is equipped with correspondingly arranged air deflectors. The return air array holes in the return air sandwich wall can also be formed by punching holes arranged in a gradually sparse array against the return air flow direction.

An air inlet 4-6 and an air return port 4-7 are respectively formed at one end of the air inlet clamping wall 4-3 and the return air clamping wall 4-5 adjacent to the heat pump machine 5, and vertically arranged axial flow air outlets are arranged at the return air clamping wall 4-7. Unit 7 (fans can also be set in other ways according to needs), so it is beneficial to ensure the uniformity of the incident airflow. The air return port 4-7 communicates with the air inlet port 4-6 through the air channel 4-8 where the condenser 5-1 is arranged after passing through the third air valve 3 . The medium air heated by the heat pump condenser enters the air-inlet clamping wall 4-3 through the axial-flow fan unit and is blown out from the dense air-outlet array holes 4-3, and is flattened on the material rack and tray in the middle of the drying chamber body 4 The material on the 8 is heat exchanged, and the moisture on the surface of the material is taken away while the material is heated. During this process, the medium air flow direction is parallel to the material laying plane.

Between the heat pump machine 5 and the air return port 4-7, there is a heat exchange chamber 6 for placing a plate-fin heat exchanger. The opposite side of the second air valve 2 and the first air valve 1 communicates with the air duct 4-8, and the opposite side of the second air valve 2 communicates with the heat pump chamber where the evaporator 5-4 is arranged. The side of the heat pump chamber adjacent to the first air valve 1 is the inlet side 5-5 of the ambient airflow (used to provide sensible heat and latent heat for the evaporator), and the ambient airflow inlet side 5-5 passes through the evaporator 5-4 and the airflow outlet side 5 -6 connectivity.

The air return port 4-7 passes through the second air valve 2 and communicates with the heat pump chamber through the multi-layer plate fin on the high-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger; the ambient air passes through the multi-layer plate fin heat exchanger on the low-temperature side after passing through the first air valve 1 Plate fin communicates with air duct 4-8. During this process, the hot and humid air flowing out from the air return port 4-7 exchanges heat with the ambient air flowing in from the first damper 1 .

When running, the compressor 5-2 is running, and the ambient air can always enter through the airflow inlet side 5-5, and flow out through the airflow outlet side 5-6 after passing through the evaporator 5-4, forming the air and evaporator required for the heat pump to work. heat exchange. By controlling the different opening and closing collocations of the three air valves, the following three working conditions can be formed:

Working condition 1——In the initial stage of drying, when the first damper 1 and the second damper 2 are closed and the third damper 3 is opened, the return air outlet 4-7 only passes through the third damper 3 and then the condenser 5 The air duct 4-8 of -1 communicates with the plate-fin heat exchange and the air inlet 4-6. Under this working condition, after the air flows out of the drying chamber from the air return port, heat exchange occurs with the condenser 5-1 of the heat pump machine through the air valve 3, and after being heated, it enters the air inlet folder under the transport of the axial flow fan unit 7. The wall 4-3 is blown out by the dense air outlet array holes 4-2 of the punching plate to heat and dry the materials in the drying chamber, and the plate-fin heat exchanger does not work, thus forming a heated air circulation without dehumidification. until it reaches the stage where dehumidification is required (see Figure 3).

Working condition 2——When the dehumidification stage is required, when the first air valve 1 and the second air valve 2 are controlled to open and the third air valve 3 is closed, the airflow from the return air outlet 4-7 passes through the second air valve 2 and then passes through the plate fin The multi-layer fins on the high-temperature side of the heat exchanger flow out from the air outlet side 5-6 through the evaporator 5-4, and the ambient air passes through the first air valve 1 and enters the place after passing through the multi-layer fins on the low-temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger. The air duct 4-8 of the condenser 5-1 communicates with the air inlet 4-6. Under this working condition, the humid and hot air that needs to be exhausted from the return air outlet 4-7 passes through the second air valve 2 and then passes through the multi-layer plate fins on the high temperature side of the plate-fin heat exchanger, and the ambient air entering through the first air valve 1 Heat exchange occurs (the plates and fins on the high-temperature side and the low-temperature side are separated from each other, so the two heat-exchanged airflows intersect and do not mix), to realize a waste heat recovery of the hot and humid air, and the ambient air is heated once and then combined with the heat pump. The condenser 5-1 undergoes heat exchange, and then enters the air-inlet clamping wall 4-3 under the conveyance of the axial flow fan unit 7, and then blows out from the dense air-outlet array holes 4-2 of the punching plate, to the air in the drying chamber. The material is heated and dried, and then enters the return air clamping wall 4-5 from the dense return air array holes 4-4 of the punching plate; the hot and humid air passing through the plate-fin heat exchanger and the ambient air entering from the air inlet side 5-5 The mixed flow provides heat to the evaporator 5-4 of the heat pump machine, realizing the secondary recovery of waste heat of the hot air that needs to be dehumidified until the end of dehumidification; in this way, a cross airflow with complete dehumidification, secondary recovery of waste heat, and secondary heating of ambient air is formed ( See Figure 4).

Working condition 3: In the partial dehumidification stage as appropriate, when the first air valve 1, the second air valve 2, and the third air valve 3 are all opened (the opening angle can be controlled as required), the return air outlet 4-7 needs to be partially exhausted The wet hot air is divided into two paths, and one path passes through the third air valve 3 and communicates with the plate-fin heat exchanger and the air inlet 4-6 through the air duct 4-8 of the condenser 5-1. The air enters the air inlet folder wall 4-3 under the conveying, and then blows out from the air outlet array hole 4-2 of the punching plate to heat and dry the material in the drying chamber; The high-temperature multi-layer plate fins of the heater flow out from the air outlet side 5-6 through the evaporator 5-4, and exchange heat with the ambient air entering the low-temperature multi-layer plate fins of the plate-fin heat exchanger through the first air valve 1, realizing The primary waste heat recovery of hot air, the hot air flowing through the plate-fin heat exchanger flows to the evaporator 5-4 of the heat pump to provide heat, realizing the secondary recovery of waste heat of part of the hot and humid air that needs to be discharged; the distribution ratio of the two airflows is determined by the second The opening of the air valve 2 and the third air valve 3 is adjusted; the ambient air is heated once by the first air valve 1 through the plate-fin heat exchanger, and then mixed with the airflow from the third air valve 3 and enters the placement condenser 5-1 The air duct 4-8 of the heat pump exchanges heat with the condenser 5-1 of the heat pump machine, and then enters the air inlet sandwich wall 4-3 under the conveyance of the axial flow fan unit 7, and then the outlet air array hole 4 of the punching plate -2 Blow out to heat and dry the material in the drying chamber; thereby forming a branch circulation airflow with partial dehumidification, secondary recovery of waste heat, secondary heating of ambient air, and partial direct circulation (see Figure 5).

To sum up, compared with the prior art, the side ventilation structure air source heat pump fruit and vegetable dryer of this embodiment has the following significant advantages:

1) The three air valves cooperate with each other to control the humid air dehumidification and waste heat recovery, which can meet the needs of rapid heating, rapid dehumidification, and constant temperature and humidity drying processing during the fruit and vegetable drying process, effectively improving the quality of dried fruit and vegetable products;

2) The side ventilation structure and the air inlet sandwich wall formed by the perforated plate arranged in a gradually sparse array along the direction of the incident airflow effectively ensure that the materials placed in the trays in different spatial positions of the rack during the drying process can be uniformly obtained. Drying ensures the drying quality and improves the yield of hot air drying of fruits and vegetables;

3) The organic combination of heat pump unit and plate-fin heat exchanger can recover the discharged hot and humid air twice, which effectively improves the utilization rate of waste heat, reduces the energy consumption of drying operations, and reduces production costs.

Claims (5)

1. a kind of air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drier based on lateral ventilation structure, it is characterised in that: there is door including one end The drying chamber body (4) of heat pump machine (5) is installed outside (4-1), the other end；The heat pump machine (5) contains the compression for forming heat exchange cycle Machine (5-2), condenser (5-1), throttle valve (5-3) and evaporator (5-4)；The two sides of drying chamber body (4) are respectively set Inlet air double wall (4-3) with outlet air array hole (4-2) and the return air double wall (4-5) with return air array hole (4-4), it is described enter One end of wind double wall (4-3) and return air double wall (4-5) neighbouring heat pump machine (5) is respectively formed air inlet (4-6) and return air inlet (4- 7)；Air duct (4-8) and the air inlet of the return air inlet (4-7) after third air-valve (3) through placement condenser (5-1) (4-6) connection；There is the heat exchange chamber (6) of placement plate-fin heat exchanger between the heat pump machine (5) and the return air inlet (4-7), The outside installation the first air-valve (1) of the heat exchange chamber (6), the side installation the second air-valve (2) of neighbouring return air inlet (4-7), the One air-valve (1) opposite side is connected to air duct (4-8), the second air-valve (2) opposite side and the heat pump room of placement evaporator (5-4) connect It is logical；The heat pump room is airflow inlet side (5-5) adjacent to the side of the first air-valve (1), and the airflow inlet side (5-5) is through evaporating Device (5-4) is connected to air stream outlet side (5-6)；The return air inlet (4-7) passes through the height of plate-fin heat exchanger after the second air-valve (2) Warm side multi-layer board wing is connected to heat pump room；Surrounding air passes through the low temperature side multi-layer board of plate-fin heat exchanger after the first air-valve (1) Wing is connected to air duct (4-8).

2. according to claim 1 based on the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drier of lateral ventilation structure, it is characterised in that: operation When, surrounding air enters by the airflow inlet side, is flowed out after evaporator by air stream outlet side, and the opening and closing for controlling each air-valve can With tool, there are three types of operating conditions:

When the first air-valve of control, the second air-valve are closed and third air-valve is opened, the return air inlet only passes through after third air-valve The air duct of placement condenser is connected to the air inlet, forms the airflow circulating for heating not hydrofuge；

When control the first air-valve, the second air-valve open and third air-valve be closed when, the air-flow of the return air inlet through the second air-valve again By being flowed out through evaporator by air stream outlet side after plate-fin heat exchanger high temperature side multi-layer board wing, surrounding air is through first air-valve Air duct by entering placement condenser after plate-fin heat exchanger low temperature side multi-layer board wing is connected to the air inlet, forms row completely The crosscurrent that wet and waste heat secondary recovery, surrounding air second level heat；

When the first air-valve of control, the second air-valve, third air-valve are opened with predetermined aperture, the air-flow of the return air inlet is divided to two Road is connected to by the air duct of placement condenser with the air inlet after third air-valve all the way, and another way is led to after the second air-valve It crosses after plate-fin heat exchanger high temperature side multi-layer board wing and is flowed out through evaporator by air stream outlet side, surrounding air is logical through first air-valve It is connected into the air duct of placement condenser with the air inlet after crossing plate-fin heat exchanger low temperature side multi-layer board wing, forms part hydrofuge And waste heat secondary recovery and surrounding air second level heat, branch's circulating current of part direct circulation.

3. according to claim 2 based on the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drier of lateral ventilation structure, it is characterised in that: described The outlet air array hole of inlet air double wall in the punching for gradually dredging array arrangement along incident air flow direction by forming.

4. according to claim 3 based on the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drier of lateral ventilation structure, it is characterised in that: described The return air array hole of return air double wall is formed by the punching for gradually dredging array arrangement in inverse return air stream direction.

5. according to claim 4 based on the air source heat pump fruit and vegetable drier of lateral ventilation structure, it is characterised in that: described Equipped with the axial flow blower group being vertically arranged at return air inlet.