CN209264720U - Apparatus for In Situ Nitrogen Mineralization Rate Determination in Forest Ecosystem Soil - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a kind of devices for forest ecosystem soil in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate determination, including upper blanking cover, main pipe and the lower plug cover that can successively dock from top to bottom, the lower end of main pipe is equipped with the divided edge structure that may pass through earth's surface, quartz sand layer, strainer and ion exchange resin layer filled with stacked distribution from bottom to top in upper blanking cover and lower plug cover.The ion exchange resin of upper end can prevent ammonium ion and nitrate ion in precipitation, or the input of the mineral nitrogen during soil water flowing, other external mineral nitrogens are avoided to enter in the earth pillar of culture, the ion exchange resin of lower end can adsorb the mineral nitrogen that leaching gets off in culture earth pillar；The quartz sand of upper end can prevent to cultivate the resin that the mineral nitrogen in earth pillar diffuses to earth pillar upper end, the quartz sand of lower end can prevent the mineral nitrogen outside earth pillar from diffusing in the resin of earth pillar lower end, actual mineral nitrogen quantity and mineral rate in the earth pillar so as to more accurately measure and calculate culture.

Description

Apparatus for In Situ Nitrogen Mineralization Rate Determination in Forest Ecosystem Soil

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of soil detection, in particular to a device for measuring the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate of forest ecosystem soil.

Background technique

At present, the calculation of soil nitrogen loss mainly depends on extracting specific layers of soil, using KCL solution to extract the nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in each layer of soil, and by analyzing the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen in each layer of soil To compare and evaluate the nitrogen loss. This method is not only time-consuming and labor-intensive, but if the sample is not measured in time, nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen will be transformed into each other, which is prone to errors; at the same time, the sample is difficult to mix, and there is a certain deviation between the sampling and measurement and the actual situation in the field. Later, the researchers repaired the seepage pond by the field, placed the seepage meter and placed trays and liquid receiving bottles in the soil layer, and connected the sampling bottles, liquid receiving bottles and vacuum pumps on the ground through the pumping pipe to obtain soil seepage. Fill the soil column, apply the basic data to construct the corresponding model, and simulate the loss of nitrogen in the farmland. The common problems in these test designs are not only large investment and high test cost; but also the soil column simulation and repair of seepage tanks have certain damage to the original soil structure. It is easy to cause catheter blockage, difficult to calculate the volume of leakage, and difficult to control the pressure of the vacuum pump, etc., which will affect the test process; the above test measurements are all simulation results, and there is still a distance from the true value, which greatly limits the nitrogen In-depth development of churn research.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a kind of device that is used for the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate measurement of forest ecological system soil with accurate measurement result, and its technical scheme is as follows:

A device for measuring the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate of soil in forest ecosystems, including an upper block cover, a main body and a lower block cover that can be connected sequentially from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main body is provided with a groove structure that can pass through the ground surface , the upper blocking cover and the lower blocking cover are filled with quartz sand layers, filter screens and ion exchange resin layers distributed from bottom to top. The ion exchange resin at the upper end can prevent the input of ammonium ions and nitrate ions in precipitation, or mineral nitrogen during the flow of soil water, and prevent other external mineral nitrogen from entering the cultivated soil column, and the ion exchange resin at the lower end can absorb the cultivated soil The mineral nitrogen leached from the column; the quartz sand at the upper end can prevent the mineral nitrogen in the cultivation soil column from diffusing to the resin at the upper end of the soil column, and the quartz sand at the lower end can prevent the mineral nitrogen outside the soil column from diffusing into the resin at the lower end of the soil column , so that the soil column can be cultivated in situ in the natural state to the greatest extent, and the actual mineral nitrogen content and mineral rate in the cultivated soil column can be measured and calculated more accurately.

Further, the upper blocking cover, the main body and the lower blocking cover are all PVC pipes, and the upper port of the upper blocking cover and the lower port of the lower blocking cover are respectively bundled with a sealing piece made of nylon mesh or steel wire mesh.

Further, the two ends of the main pipe body are respectively provided with external threads, the lower port of the upper block cap and the upper port of the lower block cap are respectively provided with external threads, and the upper block cap and the lower block cap are respectively connected to the main pipe body through an adapter sleeve. Both ends of the sleeve are respectively provided with internal threads, the filter screen is fixed in the middle of the adapter sleeve and separated between the internal threads at both ends, and the internal thread at one end of the adapter sleeve is connected to the external thread at the end of the main body , the inner thread at the other end is connected to the upper or lower blocking cap.

Further, the filter screen is 100-150 mesh steel wire mesh or nylon mesh.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the utility model, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the utility model. Those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without paying creative labor;

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of device in embodiment 1;

Figure 2 is a schematic structural view of the device in Example 2.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical purpose, technical solution and beneficial effect of the utility model clearer, the technical solution of the utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Embodiment 1, referring to FIG. 1 , shows a schematic diagram of the structure of the device for measuring the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate of forest ecosystem soil in the utility model, which is mainly processed by PVC pipe. The device includes an upper block cover 1, a main pipe body 2 and a lower block cover 3 which can be docked sequentially from top to bottom. The lower plug 3 is filled with quartz sand layer 4 , filter screen 5 and ion exchange resin layer 6 stacked and distributed from bottom to top. The upper port of the upper blocking cover and the lower port of the lower blocking cover are respectively bundled with a sealing member 7 of nylon mesh material.

The device includes a polished PVC pipe at one end (polished length 0.5-1cm), that is, the main body 2, so that it can be smoothly driven into different soil layers of forest soil to collect in-situ soil (the specification of the PVC pipe is about 5cm in diameter, and the wall The thickness is about 0.5cm, the length is about 10cm, and the length of the PVC pipe can be adjusted according to the needs of the in-situ mineralized soil layer); two PVC pipes filled with ion exchange resin and quartz sand (the specification of the PVC pipe is the same as above, and the length is about 3cm ), that is, the upper blocking cover and the lower blocking cover. The PVC pipe is divided into two layers, separated by a 100-150 mesh filter screen 5 in the middle, and a certain quality of anion-cation exchange resin mixture is placed at one end (the amount of resin can be determined according to the in-situ cultivation time Adjustment), the remaining space is filled with quartz sand, the two ends are sealed with nylon mesh or steel mesh of the same specification as above, and the nylon mesh is fixed with rubber bands or inlaid; after the main body 2 is driven into the corresponding soil layer and taken out, the upper plug Both the cover and the lower blocking cover are connected with the PVC pipe filled with soil with adhesive tape in the direction of the ion exchange resin end upward, and then put back into the original soil layer for in-situ cultivation. After a period of time, the PVC pipe is disassembled and separated. Extract and measure the content of nitrate nitrogen and ammonium nitrogen (collectively referred to as mineral nitrogen) in the soil and ion exchange resin in the tube, and quantitatively analyze the mineralization amount and mineralization rate of the soil within a period of time.

The PVC pipe equipped with ion exchange resin and quartz sand, the upper blocking cover 1 and the lower blocking cover 3 can be made indoors before the field test, and the operation is simple. It is suitable for a large number of repeated studies in field test sites such as forest ecosystems. In the field, it can save operating time in the field and improve work efficiency; sealing with a filter screen 5 with a certain aperture can make precipitation and soil seepage water flow freely in the soil column, the ventilation effect is good, and the filter screen 5 is relatively strong in the field It is not easy to rot and damage; the ion exchange resin placed on the upper end can prevent the input of ammonium ions and nitrate ions in precipitation, or the input of mineral nitrogen during the flow of soil water, and prevent other external mineral nitrogen from entering the cultivated soil column. The ion exchange at the lower end The resin can absorb the mineral nitrogen leached from the cultivation soil column; the quartz sand at the upper end can prevent the mineral nitrogen in the cultivation soil column from diffusing to the resin at the upper end of the soil column, and the quartz sand at the lower end can prevent the mineral nitrogen outside the soil column from diffusing to the soil In the resin at the lower end of the column. This device maximizes the in-situ cultivation of the soil column in the natural state, and can accurately measure and calculate the actual mineral nitrogen content and mineral rate in the cultivated soil column; the PVC pipe and filter screen 5 can be reused to reduce pollution ,Energy saving and environmental protection.

Preferably, in embodiment 2, referring to FIG. 2 , the two ends of the main body 2 are respectively provided with external threads, and the upper blocking cover 1 and the lower blocking cover 3 both include a cylindrical adapter sleeve 11, and the two ends of the adapter sleeve 11 Internal threads are respectively provided, and the filter screen 5 is fixed in the middle of the adapter sleeve and is separated between the internal threads at both ends. The internal thread at one end of the adapter sleeve is connected to the external thread at the end of the main body, and the other end The internal thread is connected to the upper blocking cover or the lower blocking cover. The end of mesh end cap 12 selects 100-150 mesh steel wire mesh or nylon mesh for use. Filter screen 5 selects 100-150 purpose steel wire mesh or nylon mesh for use. In this way, both the upper block cover 1 and the lower block cover 3 can be rotatably disassembled on the main body 2, and it is more convenient to operate during field experiments. People can directly put quartz sand and resin into the devices at both ends indoors. It only needs to be directly connected with the main body 1; and through the connection of the main body thread, the loss of filtrate at the connection port can be reduced, and the accuracy of nitrogen mineralization rate measurement can be enhanced.

In other embodiments, the connection structure between the upper and lower blocking caps and the main body can also adopt other detachable connection methods such as threaded connection, buckle connection, flange connection, or other primary connection methods such as bonding, riveting, and hot-melt connection. sexual connection.

Finally, it should be noted that: the above-mentioned embodiments are only used to illustrate and not limit the technical solutions of the present utility model, any equivalent replacement of the present utility model and any modification or partial replacement that does not depart from the spirit and scope of the present utility model shall be Covered within the protection scope of the claims of the present utility model.

Claims (4)

1. The device used for measuring the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate of forest ecosystem soil is characterized in that it comprises an upper blocking cover, a main body and a lower blocking cover which can be docked successively from top to bottom, and the lower end of the main body is provided with a wearable The groove structure on the ground surface is filled with quartz sand layers, filter screens and ion exchange resin layers stacked from bottom to top in the upper and lower plug covers. 2. the device for forest ecosystem soil in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate measurement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, last plugging cover, main body and following blocking cover are all PVC pipes, and the upper port of the last blocking cover The lower port of the lower blocking cover is bundled with a sealing piece made of nylon mesh or steel wire mesh. 3. the device for forest ecosystem soil in situ nitrogen mineralization rate measurement according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the two ends of main body are respectively provided with external thread, the lower port of last blocking cover and following blocking cover The upper ports are respectively provided with external threads, and the upper and lower blocking covers are respectively connected to the main body through adapter sleeves. Both ends of the adapter sleeves are respectively provided with internal threads. It is arranged between the internal threads at both ends, the internal thread at one end of the adapter sleeve is connected to the external thread at the end of the main body, and the internal thread at the other end is connected to the upper or lower blocking cover. 4. The device for measuring the in-situ nitrogen mineralization rate of forest ecosystem soil according to claim 1, wherein the filter screen is a 100-150 mesh steel wire mesh or nylon mesh.