CN209169379U - A kind of millimeter wave circular polarized antenna for mobile terminal - Google Patents
A kind of millimeter wave circular polarized antenna for mobile terminal Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种用于移动终端的毫米波圆极化天线，包括一个基于半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔的磁偶极子天线单元和一个基片集成波导作为馈电巴伦的电偶极子天线单元，由所述磁偶极子天线单元和电偶极子天线单元压制而成。本实用新型在性能上具有端射辐射特性且能提圆极化辐射，在结构上具有低轮廓、轻质材、易集成和共形方便等优点；特别的，在应用到手机或平板电脑等移动终端设备上时，使终端辐射信号覆盖超过半球空间。
The utility model discloses a millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna for mobile terminals, which comprises a magnetic dipole antenna unit based on a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a substrate integrated waveguide as a feeding balun. The electric dipole antenna unit is formed by pressing the magnetic dipole antenna unit and the electric dipole antenna unit. The utility model has the characteristics of end-fire radiation in performance and can improve circularly polarized radiation, and has the advantages of low profile, light material, easy integration and conformal convenience in structure; When it is installed on a mobile terminal device, the radiated signal of the terminal can cover more than the hemispherical space.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种用于移动终端的毫米波圆极化天线，属于无线通信技术领域。The utility model relates to a millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna used for a mobile terminal, which belongs to the technical field of wireless communication.
背景技术Background technique
作为无线通信系统的重要器件之一，毫米波天线或天线阵列的性能直接决定了系统可达到的性能水准。而对于终端设备，更要求其所使用天线，除了能满足传统的带宽和增益指标外，还需要具备小型化、宽波束覆盖等特点；特别的，如果该天线还能具备端射辐射特性，则可以带来更多诸如提高能量利用率、减少天线与设备内部电路之间干扰等额外益处。As one of the important components of a wireless communication system, the performance of a millimeter-wave antenna or antenna array directly determines the performance level that the system can achieve. For terminal equipment, it is even more required that the antenna used should not only meet the traditional bandwidth and gain indicators, but also have the characteristics of miniaturization and wide beam coverage; in particular, if the antenna can also have end-fire radiation characteristics, then Additional benefits such as improved energy utilization and reduced interference between the antenna and the device's internal circuitry can be brought about.
圆极化波因其在对抗信道干扰和收发天线对准等方面的独特优势，在诸多应用场合收到青睐，在毫米波频段实现圆极化的端射辐射也是目前的研究热点。Circularly polarized waves are favored in many applications because of their unique advantages in anti-channel interference and antenna alignment. The realization of circularly polarized end-fire radiation in the millimeter-wave frequency band is also a current research focus.
针对手机或平板电脑等移动终端应用场景，其信号辐射的全方位覆盖能力也很有实际意义。然而使用单一天线或者单一天线阵列，并不能满足手持终端设备信号在整个三维空间上半球面全方位覆盖的需求。对于这一实际问题，业界到目前为止还没有明确的解决方案，但随着毫米波通信系统的疾速发展，提出一种终端设备信号辐射全方位覆盖解决方案的必要性和实际意义不言而喻。For mobile terminal application scenarios such as mobile phones or tablet computers, the omnidirectional coverage capability of its signal radiation is also of practical significance. However, the use of a single antenna or a single antenna array cannot meet the requirement of hemispherical omnidirectional coverage of the signal of the handheld terminal device in the entire three-dimensional space. For this practical problem, the industry has not yet had a clear solution to this problem, but with the rapid development of millimeter-wave communication systems, the necessity and practical significance of proposing a solution for all-round coverage of terminal equipment signal radiation is self-evident. metaphor.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的就是为了解决现有技术方案之不成熟而提供的一种能集成在终端设备中的毫米波圆极化天线，在性能上具有端射辐射特性且能提圆极化辐射，在结构上具有低轮廓、轻质材、易集成和共形方便等优点；特别的，在应用到手机或平板电脑等移动终端设备上时，使终端辐射信号覆盖超过半球空间。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna that can be integrated in terminal equipment in order to solve the immaturity of the existing technical solutions, which has end-fire radiation characteristics and can improve circularly polarized radiation in performance. It has the advantages of low profile, lightweight material, easy integration and conformal convenience in structure; especially, when applied to mobile terminal devices such as mobile phones or tablet computers, the terminal radiation signal can cover more than the hemispherical space.
为解决上述技术问题，本实用新型提供了一种用于移动终端的毫米波圆极化天线，包括一个基于半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔的磁偶极子天线单元和一个基片集成波导作为馈电巴伦的电偶极子天线单元，由所述磁偶极子天线单元和电偶极子天线单元进行层压并组合使用形成毫米波圆极化天线。In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides a millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna for mobile terminals, including a magnetic dipole antenna unit based on a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a substrate integrated waveguide As the electric dipole antenna element of the feeding balun, the magnetic dipole antenna element and the electric dipole antenna element are laminated and used in combination to form a millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna.
进一步的，所述磁偶极子天线单元的辐射由一个一边开放的基片集成波导谐振腔形成，该基片集成波导谐振腔由探针馈电；Further, the radiation of the magnetic dipole antenna unit is formed by a substrate-integrated waveguide resonant cavity with one side open, and the substrate-integrated waveguide resonant cavity is fed by a probe;
所述电偶极子天线单元的辐射由印刷阵子形成，该印刷阵子通过基片集成波导构成的巴伦进行馈电。The radiation of the electric dipole antenna element is formed by a printed element, which is fed through a balun formed by a substrate-integrated waveguide.
进一步的，所述电偶极子天线单元设置1个或多个大小相同的印刷阵子，并通过金属化过孔进行连接。Further, the electric dipole antenna unit is provided with one or more printed elements of the same size, and is connected through metallized vias.
进一步的，本实用新型还包括微带线，通过所述微带线得到等幅和特定相差的两个激励，分别激励磁偶极子天线单元和电偶极子天线单元。Further, the present invention also includes a microstrip line, through which two excitations of equal amplitude and specific phase difference are obtained to excite the magnetic dipole antenna unit and the electric dipole antenna unit respectively.
进一步的，所述探针由金属化过孔实现。Further, the probes are realized by metallized vias.
进一步的，所述磁偶极子天线单元包括第一介质板、分别设置在第一介质板上、下表面的第一金属地板、第二金属地板和包含于第一介质板中的第一金属化过孔群，该第一金属化孔群构成半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔；Further, the magnetic dipole antenna unit includes a first dielectric plate, a first metal floor and a second metal floor respectively disposed on the first dielectric plate and the lower surface, and a first metal floor contained in the first dielectric plate a group of metallized vias, the first group of metallized holes constitutes a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator;
所述电偶极子天线单元还包括第二介质板、设置在第二介质板上表面的第三金属地板和包含于第二介质板中的第二金属化过孔群，该第二金属化过孔群构成基片集成波导馈电巴伦；The electric dipole antenna unit further includes a second dielectric plate, a third metal floor disposed on the upper surface of the second dielectric plate, and a second metallized via group included in the second dielectric plate, the second metallization The via group constitutes the substrate integrated waveguide feeding balun;
所述微带线容纳于第二介质板下表面，微带线中传输的信号通过微带线和转换结构耦合进入基片集成波导馈电巴伦，通过探针进入半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔。The microstrip line is accommodated on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate, and the signal transmitted in the microstrip line is coupled into the substrate integrated waveguide feeding balun through the microstrip line and the conversion structure, and enters the semi-open substrate integrated waveguide through the probe resonant cavity.
进一步的，在所述第二金属地板上开设有一大于探针投影面积的挖空区域，该挖空区域的位置与探针设置位置相对应。Further, a hollow area larger than the projected area of the probe is defined on the second metal floor, and the position of the hollow area corresponds to the setting position of the probe.
进一步的，本实用新型的天线安装在移动终端设备的各方位。Further, the antenna of the present invention is installed in various positions of the mobile terminal device.
有益效果：本实用新型的基于磁偶极子辐射和电偶极子辐射组合的端射圆极化毫米波天线具有以下特点：Beneficial effects: The end-fire circularly polarized millimeter-wave antenna based on the combination of magnetic dipole radiation and electric dipole radiation of the present invention has the following characteristics:
1、具有端射辐射方向图。磁偶极子天线，具有端射特性，E面方向图宽，能提供垂直极化的辐射信号，电偶极子天线，具有端射特性，H面方向图宽，能提供水平极化的辐射信号，利用手机等移动终端的金属外框提升天线性能的同时，解决了金属外框屏蔽毫米波信号的瓶颈问题；本实用新型的天线其辐射是由集成波导谐振腔的开放一侧产生，所以能实现在波导传播方向的定向辐射。1. It has an end-fire radiation pattern. Magnetic dipole antenna, with end-fire characteristics, wide E-plane pattern, can provide vertically polarized radiation signals, electric dipole antenna, with end-fire characteristics, H-plane pattern wide, can provide horizontally polarized radiation Signal, while using the metal frame of mobile terminals such as mobile phones to improve the performance of the antenna, the bottleneck problem of shielding millimeter-wave signals by the metal frame is solved; the radiation of the antenna of the present invention is generated by the open side of the integrated waveguide resonant cavity, so Can achieve directional radiation in the propagation direction of the waveguide.
2、具有低轮廓、易集成和宽波束覆盖的特性，采用三付天线分别安装于设备的左侧、右侧和上侧，可以满足终端设备超过半球的三维空间信号覆盖需求，其中主要空间区域满足圆极化特性。2. It has the characteristics of low profile, easy integration and wide beam coverage. Three antennas are installed on the left, right and upper sides of the device, which can meet the three-dimensional space signal coverage requirements of the terminal equipment over the hemisphere. The main space area Satisfy circular polarization characteristics.
3、结构简单，加工容易，且因为制作于介质基片上，使用PCB技术，所以天线轮廓低、重量轻、利于大量生产、易集成于终端设备。3. The structure is simple, the processing is easy, and because it is fabricated on a dielectric substrate and uses PCB technology, the antenna has a low profile, light weight, and is conducive to mass production and easy to integrate into terminal equipment.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本实用新型端射圆极化天线的三维结构图；1 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of an end-fire circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
图中，1为第一金属地板、2为第二金属地板、3为第三金属地板、4为第一金属化过孔群、5为探针、6为第二金属化过孔群、7为金属化过孔、8为印刷阵子、9为第一介质板、10为第二介质板、11为微带线、13为圆极化天线，14为移动终端设备；In the figure, 1 is the first metal floor, 2 is the second metal floor, 3 is the third metal floor, 4 is the first metallized via group, 5 is the probe, 6 is the second metallized via group, 7 It is a metallized via, 8 is a printed array, 9 is a first dielectric plate, 10 is a second dielectric plate, 11 is a microstrip line, 13 is a circularly polarized antenna, and 14 is a mobile terminal device;
图2是本实用新型端射圆极化天线中金属过孔位置示意图；2 is a schematic diagram of the position of metal vias in the end-fire circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
图3是本实用新型电偶极子辐射结构示意图；3 is a schematic diagram of the electric dipole radiation structure of the present invention;
图4是本实用新型磁偶极子辐射结构示意图；4 is a schematic diagram of the magnetic dipole radiation structure of the present invention;
图5是本实用新型端射圆极化天线的底层覆铜区域示意图；5 is a schematic diagram of the copper-clad area of the bottom layer of the end-fire circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
图6是手机终端利用本实用新型端射圆极化天线(三付)实现毫米波通信信号超过半球三维空间的覆盖方案；Fig. 6 is that the mobile phone terminal utilizes the utility model end-fire circularly polarized antenna (three pairs) to realize the coverage scheme of the millimeter wave communication signal exceeding the hemispherical three-dimensional space;
图7是本实用新型端射圆极化天线的S参数设计结果；Fig. 7 is the S-parameter design result of the end-fire circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
图8是本实用新型端射圆极化天线的设计方向图Phi＝90°面内结果；Fig. 8 is the design pattern Phi=90° in-plane result of the end-fire circularly polarized antenna of the present invention;
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图进一步阐述本实用新型。The present utility model is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
如图1和2所示，本实用新型是一种毫米波端射圆极化天线，它包括一个基于半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔的磁偶极子天线单元和一个基片集成波导作为馈电巴伦的电偶极子天线单元，半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔集成在第一介质板9，基片集成波导作为馈电巴伦的电偶极子辐射集成于第二介质板10，第一介质板9为上层介质板，第二介质板10为下层介质板，本实用新型的天线结构为两层介质板层压而成。As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the utility model is a millimeter-wave end-fire circularly polarized antenna, which comprises a magnetic dipole antenna unit based on a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and a substrate integrated waveguide as The electric dipole antenna unit of the feeding balun, the semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator is integrated in the first dielectric plate 9, and the substrate integrated waveguide is integrated in the second dielectric plate as the electric dipole radiation of the feeding balun 10. The first dielectric board 9 is an upper dielectric board, and the second dielectric board 10 is a lower dielectric board. The antenna structure of the present invention is formed by laminating two layers of dielectric boards.
将此天线应用于终端设备毫米波通信时，拟采用三付天线安装在终端设备的上侧面、左侧面和右侧面，分别用来实现终端设备的上方、左方和右方三个方向的信号覆盖。借助于磁偶极子和电偶极子的组合，能实现终端设备超过半球的三维空间信号覆盖需求，其中主要空间区域满足圆极化特性。When this antenna is applied to millimeter wave communication of terminal equipment, three antennas are planned to be installed on the upper side, left side and right side of the terminal equipment to realize the three directions of the upper, left and right sides of the terminal equipment respectively. signal coverage. By means of the combination of magnetic dipoles and electric dipoles, the three-dimensional spatial signal coverage requirements of the terminal equipment beyond the hemisphere can be achieved, wherein the main spatial area meets the circular polarization characteristic.
图3为电偶极子天线单元，该电偶极子天线的辐射由印刷阵子8形成，印刷阵子8通过基片集成波导构成的巴伦进行馈电，具体包括第二介质板10，其介质板材料为Taconic TLY-5，厚度为0.254mm，在第二介质板10的上表面设置有第三金属地板3，包含于第二介质板10中的第二金属化过孔群6构成了基片集成波导馈电巴伦，该第二金属化过孔群6的孔周期为0.5mm，构成宽度为4.9mm的基片集成波导馈电巴伦。在第二介质板10下表面设有微带线11，微带线11中传输的信号通过微带线11和转换结构耦合进入基片集成波导馈电巴伦。辐射结构中，位于第二介质板10两侧、同大小的印刷阵子8通过金属化过孔7相连，以增加工作带宽，其中金属化过孔7位于印刷阵子8 的一端中心线处。FIG. 3 is an electric dipole antenna unit, the radiation of the electric dipole antenna is formed by a printed element 8, and the printed element 8 is fed through a balun formed by a substrate integrated waveguide, and specifically includes a second dielectric plate 10, whose dielectric The board material is Taconic TLY-5, the thickness is 0.254mm, the third metal floor 3 is arranged on the upper surface of the second dielectric board 10, and the second metallized via group 6 contained in the second dielectric board 10 constitutes the base. A chip-integrated waveguide feeding balun, the hole period of the second metallized via group 6 is 0.5 mm, forming a substrate-integrating waveguide feeding balun with a width of 4.9 mm. A microstrip line 11 is provided on the lower surface of the second dielectric plate 10 , and the signal transmitted in the microstrip line 11 is coupled into the substrate-integrated waveguide feeding balun through the microstrip line 11 and the conversion structure. In the radiation structure, the same-sized printing arrays 8 located on both sides of the second dielectric board 10 are connected through metallized vias 7 , which are located at the centerline of one end of the printing arrays 8 to increase the working bandwidth.
图4为磁偶极子天线单元，磁偶极子天线的辐射由一个一边开放的半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔形成，具体包括第一介质板9，其材料为Taconic TLY-5，厚度为1.524mm，在该第一介质板9的上表面和下表面分别设置有第一金属地板1和第二金属地板2。包含于上层介质板中的第一金属化过孔群4构成了半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔，构成半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔的金属化过孔直径为0.5mm，该第一金属化过孔群4的孔周期为0.75mm，构成的半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔宽度为6.4mm。半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔由位于半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔的中心轴且距离谐振腔底边3.95mm处的探针5馈电，该探针5由直径为0.5mm的金属化过孔实现，并通过宽度为0.8mm，介质厚度为0.254mm的微带线连接至微波转接头，所有介质材料均选用Taconic TLY-5。Fig. 4 is a magnetic dipole antenna unit. The radiation of the magnetic dipole antenna is formed by a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity with one side open, which specifically includes a first dielectric plate 9, which is made of Taconic TLY-5 and has a thickness of A first metal floor 1 and a second metal floor 2 are respectively provided on the upper surface and the lower surface of the first dielectric plate 9 with a thickness of 1.524 mm. The first metallized via group 4 contained in the upper dielectric plate constitutes a semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator, and the diameter of the metallized vias constituting the semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator is 0.5 mm. The hole period of the metallized via group 4 is 0.75mm, and the width of the formed semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator cavity is 6.4mm. The semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator is fed by a probe 5 located at the center axis of the semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator and 3.95mm from the bottom edge of the resonator. The probe 5 is made of metal with a diameter of 0.5mm. The via hole is realized and connected to the microwave adapter through a microstrip line with a width of 0.8mm and a dielectric thickness of 0.254mm. All dielectric materials are Taconic TLY-5.
微带线中传输的信号通过探针5耦合进入半开放式基片集成波导谐振腔。在第二金属地板2中，探针5位置对应处，有一块略大于探针5投影面积的挖空区域，以避免信号短路。The signal transmitted in the microstrip line is coupled into the semi-open substrate integrated waveguide resonator through the probe 5 . In the second metal floor 2, there is a hollowed out area slightly larger than the projected area of the probe 5 at the position corresponding to the probe 5 to avoid short circuit of the signal.
当使用磁偶极子天线和电偶极子天线组成形成圆极化辐射时，通过一分二微带功分器输出端的微带线实现等幅和特定相差的两个激励，分别激励电和磁偶极子天线，进而得到期望的圆极化端射效果。When a magnetic dipole antenna and an electric dipole antenna are used to form circularly polarized radiation, two excitations of equal amplitude and specific phase difference are realized through the microstrip line at the output of the one-to-two microstrip power divider, and the electric and A magnetic dipole antenna is used to obtain the desired circularly polarized endfire effect.
如图6所示为采用三付天线13安装在移动终端设备14的上侧面、左侧面和右侧面，分别用来实现终端设备的上方、左方和右方三个方向的信号覆盖。借助于该实用新型天线方向图在一个主面的宽波束特性，可以满足终端设备超过半球的三维空间信号覆盖需求，其中主要空间区域满足圆极化特性。As shown in FIG. 6 , three antennas 13 are installed on the upper side, left side and right side of the mobile terminal device 14 to achieve signal coverage in the upper, left and right directions of the terminal device respectively. With the aid of the wide beam characteristic of the antenna pattern on one main surface of the utility model, the three-dimensional spatial signal coverage requirement of the terminal equipment over a hemisphere can be met, wherein the main spatial area satisfies the circular polarization characteristic.
由图7可看出天线阻抗带宽仿真结果可达到17％左右，覆盖5G频段的24.75GHz 至27.5GHz范围。图8为天线Phi＝90°面内的方向图，可以看出，该天线在端射方向具有良好的大角度覆盖能力和交叉极化水平。It can be seen from Figure 7 that the antenna impedance bandwidth simulation result can reach about 17%, covering the range of 24.75GHz to 27.5GHz in the 5G frequency band. FIG. 8 is a directional diagram in the plane of the antenna Phi=90°. It can be seen that the antenna has a good large-angle coverage capability and a cross-polarization level in the end-fire direction.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109742515A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-10 | 东南大学 | A millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna for mobile terminals |
| CN111987428A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Plane end-fire circular polarized antenna without delay line structure |
| CN113285229A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-20 | 南京邮电大学 | High-gain end-fire circularly polarized antenna based on artificial surface plasmon polariton |
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2018
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109742515A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-05-10 | 东南大学 | A millimeter-wave circularly polarized antenna for mobile terminals |
| CN109742515B (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2024-05-17 | 东南大学 | Millimeter wave circularly polarized antenna for mobile terminal |
| CN111987428A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-11-24 | 华南理工大学 | Plane end-fire circular polarized antenna without delay line structure |
| CN111987428B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2022-03-29 | 华南理工大学 | A Planar Endfire Circularly Polarized Antenna Without Delay Line Structure |
| CN113285229A (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2021-08-20 | 南京邮电大学 | High-gain end-fire circularly polarized antenna based on artificial surface plasmon polariton |
| CN113285229B (en) * | 2021-06-07 | 2022-05-20 | 南京邮电大学 | High-gain end-fire circularly polarized antenna based on artificial surface plasmon polariton |
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