CN209167585U - A kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating - Google Patents
A kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating Download PDFInfo
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- CN209167585U CN209167585U CN201822195394.7U CN201822195394U CN209167585U CN 209167585 U CN209167585 U CN 209167585U CN 201822195394 U CN201822195394 U CN 201822195394U CN 209167585 U CN209167585 U CN 209167585U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of planar optical waveguides based on two-dimensional grating, belong to augmented reality field.The utility model includes optical waveguide transmission mechanism and grating operation mechanism；The optical waveguide transmission mechanism is transparent parallel waveguide；The grating operation mechanism is made of the two-dimensional grating that the angle that the period is fixed is 60 °；The two-dimensional grating protrusion or the upper surface for being depressed in the parallel waveguide.The image of micro-projector can watch exit image in the arbitrary region of grating operation mechanism in the arbitrary region incident light waveguide of grating operation mechanism, human eye；The utility model can be realized to being coupled into of micro-projector image by a piece of two-dimensional grating, expand pupil and decoupling, the optics installation accuracy of optical waveguide and micro-projector is effectively reduced and expands the visible area of optical waveguide, effectively realizes the low cost manufacturing of augmented reality display device.The utility model structure is simple, is easy to volume production processing, and use form is flexible, application value with higher.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to augmented reality field, in particular to a kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating.
Background technique
Augmented reality, it is a kind of by " seamless " the integrated new technology of real world information and virtual world information,
It is the entity information that script is difficult to experience in the certain time of real world and spatial dimension, it is imitative by computer simulation
It is superimposed again after very, virtual Information application to real world is perceived by human sensory, to reach the sense organ of exceeding reality
Experience.True environment and virtual object have been added to the same picture in real time or space exists simultaneously.
Augmented reality is not only in the application field similar with virtual reality technology, such as sophisticated weapons, aircraft
Development had a wide range of applications with fields such as exploitation, the visualization of data model, virtual training, amusement and art, Er Qieyou
There is the characteristic that enhancing display output can be carried out to true environment in it, in medical research and dissection training, precision instrument system
It makes and repairs, military aircraft navigation, the fields such as engineering design and tele-robotic control, have brighter than virtual reality technology
Aobvious advantage.
In order to realize the augmented reality displaying scheme of Light Transmission, someone devises free curved surface prism element, utilizes
The augmented reality that catadioptric optical path adds the mode of compensating prism to realize Light Transmission is shown, but is reached in view of free curved surface prism
The needs of curvature, in the case where reaching good visual experience, the thickness of the optical system of this scheme cannot be accomplished very light
It is thin, limit glasses class augmented reality show it is further lightening.
And other design then uses planar optical waveguide scheme, utilizes total internal reflection of the light in slab guide element
Projector's output beam is transmitted, and intercepts and captures transmitting beam using multiple reflectings surface or grating and realizes that optical system emergent pupil extends, is had
Effect reduces the thickness of optical element, but at present in existing planar optical waveguide design scheme, image is coupled into, expands pupil, coupling
Part usually requires individually designed processing out, and manufacture difficulty is big, at high cost, and the display area of optical waveguide is limited, flexibility
It is not high.
Utility model content
In order to make up for the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides one kind and is coupled into, expands that pupil, decoupling are integrated to be based on
The planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating.The optical waveguide of the utility model is easy to process and flexible and convenient to use.
The technical solution of the utility model are as follows:
A kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating, including optical waveguide transmission mechanism and grating operation mechanism；The light
Waveguide transmission mechanism is transparent parallel waveguide；The two-dimensional grating that the grating operation mechanism is 60 ° by the angle that the period is fixed
It constitutes；The two-dimensional grating protrusion or the upper surface for being depressed in the parallel waveguide.
The parallel waveguide is the slab construction being made of the optical material of visible transparent, the parallel waveguide up and down
Surface is parallel.
When the utility model is used, the light that micro-projector issues after grating operation mechanism arbitrary region, understands quilt
The radiation direction that two-dimensional grating diffraction generates multiple levels enters optical waveguide, outside by total reflection in optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Transmission；Into grating operation mechanism is crossed diffraction can all occur again for each light, a part of light can be diffracted decoupling optical waveguide into
Enter human eye, another part light, which can be diffracted into multiple level directions, to be continued to transmit in optical waveguide.Finally in entire grating work
Making institution regional has light decoupling, and human eye can observe complete continuous image in entire grating operation institution regional.
Preferably, the refractive index of the parallel waveguide is 1.4~2.2, with a thickness of 0.3~2.5mm.Market at present
On optical material refractive index generally in the range, in theory, the refractive index of parallel waveguide is got in the utility model
It is big better.
Preferably, the period of the two-dimensional grating is 200~700nm.
Preferably, it is the prismatic of diamond shape that the two-dimensional grating, which is cylindrical or bottom surface,.Certain two-dimensional grating is also
It can be other feasible shapes.
Preferably, the diameter of the two-dimensional grating or side length are 50~650nm, height or depth be 80~
650nm。
Preferably, fixed be coupled into a little is set in the grating operation mechanism.In order to solve due to two-dimentional light
Light transmission intensity weakens in optical waveguide after grid decoupling light, and then final image brightness in optical transmission direction is caused gradually to die down
The problem of, it is controlled by depth of the subregion to two-dimensional grating, so that controlling optocoupler in each region goes out intensity homogeneity.
For the ease of controlling intensity homogeneity, fixed be coupled into a little is set in the grating operation mechanism.Certainly, if to uniformity
It is of less demanding, depth modulation can not be done, be coupled at an arbitrary position it is all right, that is, do not need specially be arranged be coupled into a little.
Further, the diameter or side length being coupled into a little are 200~650nm, and height or depth are 200~650nm.
Preferably, it is coupled into diameter or side length that diameter or side length a little is greater than each decoupling point positioned at its periphery,
Height or depth are greater than the height or depth of each decoupling point positioned at its periphery.
Further, decoupling point is a little remoter away from being coupled into, and diameter or side length are bigger.
Preferably, decoupling point is a little remoter away from being coupled into, and height or depth are bigger.
The modulation that depth and shape are carried out to two-dimensional grating makes in each region optocoupler go out intensity homogeneity preferable.
The utility model has the following beneficial effects:
1, optical waveguide transmission mechanism is transparent parallel waveguide, and grating operation mechanism is period fixed two-dimensional grating, and
Angle is 60 °.The image of micro-projector can be in the arbitrary region incident light waveguide of grating operation mechanism, and human eye is can be in grating work
Make the arbitrary region viewing exit image of mechanism.
2, the utility model can be realized to being coupled into of micro-projector image by a piece of two-dimensional grating, expand pupil and decoupling,
The optics installation accuracy of optical waveguide and micro-projector is effectively reduced and expands the visible area of optical waveguide, effectively realization augmented reality
The low cost manufacturing of display device.
3, the modulation that can carry out depth, shape by region on parallel waveguide surface by grating, improves light in each region
The uniformity of decoupling intensity.
4, the utility model structure is simple, is easy to volume production processing, and use form is flexible, industry application valence with higher
Value.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to illustrate the embodiment of the utility model or the technical proposal in the existing technology more clearly, below will be to embodiment
Or attached drawing needed to be used in the description of the prior art is briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only
It is some embodiments of the utility model, for those of ordinary skill in the art, before not making the creative labor property
It puts, is also possible to obtain other drawings based on these drawings.
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural schematic diagram of planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating；
Fig. 2 is that two-dimensional grating is cylindrical schematic diagram in the utility model；
Fig. 3 be using light when the utility model in optical waveguide transmission principle figure；
Fig. 4 is grating operation mechanism subregion schematic diagram in the utility model；
Fig. 5 is another structural schematic diagram of planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of two-dimensional grating in the utility model (shape: bottom surface is the prismatic of diamond shape)；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram that two-dimensional grating is elliptical cylinder-shape in the utility model；
Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram of two-dimensional grating in the utility model (shape: bottom surface is the prismatic of Double Diamond)；
Fig. 9 is that two-dimensional grating is triangular prism shaped schematic diagram in the utility model.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the technical means, creative features, achievement of purpose, and effectiveness of the utility model it can be readily appreciated that tying below
Conjunction, which is specifically illustrating, is further described the utility model with example.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating includes 1 He of optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Grating operation mechanism 2.
Optical waveguide transmission mechanism 1 is transparent parallel waveguide, and parallel waveguide is to be made of the optical material of visible transparent
Slab construction, parallel waveguide upper and lower surface is parallel, parallel waveguide with a thickness of 0.3~2.5mm, waveguide material refractive index is
1.4~2.2.Referring to Fig. 2, grating operation mechanism 2 is made of the two-dimensional grating that the fixed angle of a block period is 60 °, grating week
The range of phase T is 200~700nm, and grating can be carried out the modulation of depth, shape in waveguide surface by region.Two-dimensional grating in Fig. 2
Shape be cylinder, two-dimensional grating may be other shapes, as shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9.
Referring to Fig. 3, after the light of 3 image of micro-projector is irradiated to the arbitrary region a in grating operation area, light passes through grating
Diffraction generates the four direction of four diffraction times b, c, d, e respectively into optical waveguide and is transmitted, this four bundles light line is in light wave
Brewster angle needed for being greater than total reflection with waveguide interface angle in leading, guarantees light lossless biography in waveguide transmission portion
It is defeated, when b, c, d, e light are irradiated to grating operation area again, there can be some light into the waveguide of diffraction decoupling is crossed respectively, be left
Light can be diffracted into again by two-dimensional grating three levels continue in optical waveguide total reflection transmission, as b light can be diffracted
Continue to transmit in optical waveguide at f, g, h light, so recycle, may finally in entire grating operation Qu Douyou light decoupling,
To which human eye 4 is at an arbitrary position it can be seen that complete continuous image.
Two-dimensional grating protrudes from the upper surface of parallel waveguide in Fig. 1.Referring to Fig. 5, the utility model is based on two-dimensional grating
Planar optical waveguide can also be depressed in the upper surface of parallel waveguide.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating includes 1 He of optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Grating operation mechanism 2.
In the present embodiment, the parallel plate glass that optical waveguide transmission mechanism 1 is thickness 0.5mm, refractive index is 1.5.
On parallel plate glass (optical waveguide) surface, processing angle is 60 °, and cycle T 360nm, diameter R are 100nm, deep
The cylindrical two-dimensional grating of 150nm is spent, grating operation mechanism 2 is constituted.
Optical waveguide is divided into longitudinal A~E, laterally 1~6 totally 30 regions, by micro-projector image from C5 region project into
Enter optical waveguide, measures image intensity in remaining region, and make normalized, measurement result is as shown in table 1.
1 embodiment of table, 1 image intensity test result
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
| B | 0.6 | 0.65 | 0.75 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
| C | 0.65 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.9 | It is coupled into | 0.9 |
| D | 0.6 | 0.65 | 0.75 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
| E | 0.5 | 0.6 | 0.7 | 0.8 | 0.7 | 0.8 |
Embodiment 2
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating includes 1 He of optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Grating operation mechanism 2.
In the present embodiment, optical waveguide transmission mechanism 1 is the parallel plate glass for being 1.8 with a thickness of 1.9mm, refractive index.
On parallel plate glass (optical waveguide) surface, processing angle is 60 °, cycle T 450nm, side length 200nm, depth
The bottom surface of 250nm is the prismatic two-dimensional grating of diamond shape, constitutes grating operation mechanism 2.
Optical waveguide is divided into longitudinal A~E, laterally 1~6 totally 30 regions, by micro-projector image from C4 region project into
Enter optical waveguide, measures image intensity in remaining region, and make normalized, measurement result is as shown in table 1.
2 embodiment of table, 2 image intensity test result
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 0.65 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.75 |
| B | 0.7 | 0.75 | 1 | 0.85 | 1 | 0.75 |
| C | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.9 | It is coupled into | 0.9 | 0.85 |
| D | 0.7 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 | 0.8 |
| E | 0.65 | 0.75 | 0.85 | 0.7 | 0.85 | 0.75 |
Embodiment 3
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating includes 1 He of optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Grating operation mechanism 2.
In the present embodiment, optical waveguide transmission mechanism 1 is the parallel plate glass for being 1.5 with a thickness of 0.5mm, refractive index.
On parallel plate glass (optical waveguide) surface, processing angle is 60 °, and cycle T 360nm, diameter is the circle of 100nm
Cylindricality two-dimensional grating constitutes grating operation mechanism 2.
In order to solve since light transmission intensity weakens in optical waveguide after two-dimensional grating decoupling light, and then cause final image
The problem of brightness gradually dies down in optical transmission direction, controlled by depth of the subregion to two-dimensional grating, to control
Optocoupler goes out intensity homogeneity in each region, and optical waveguide is divided into longitudinal A~E, and laterally 1~6 totally 30 regions, process two-dimentional light
Grid cylinder depth subregion is as shown in table 3.
3 embodiment of table, 3 two-dimensional grating cylinder depth subregion situation
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 250nm | 200nm | 170nm | 140nm | 120nm | 140nm |
| B | 200nm | 170nm | 140nm | 120nm | 100nm | 120nm |
| C | 200nm | 170nm | 140nm | 120nm | 250nm | 120nm |
| D | 200nm | 170nm | 140nm | 120nm | 100nm | 120nm |
| E | 250nm | 200nm | 170nm | 140nm | 120nm | 140nm |
Micro-projector image is entered into optical waveguide from C5 region project, measures image intensity in remaining region, and make normalizing
Change processing, measurement result are as shown in table 4.
4 embodiment of table, 3 image intensity test result
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 0.96 | 0.7 | 0.96 |
| B | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
| C | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 0.97 | It is coupled into | 0.97 |
| D | 0.9 | 0.92 | 0.95 | 1 | 0.8 | 1 |
| E | 0.85 | 0.88 | 0.95 | 0.97 | 0.7 | 0.97 |
Embodiment 4
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, planar optical waveguide of the utility model based on two-dimensional grating includes 1 He of optical waveguide transmission mechanism
Grating operation mechanism 2.
In the present embodiment, optical waveguide transmission mechanism 1 is the parallel plate glass for being 1.5 with a thickness of 0.5mm, refractive index.
On parallel plate glass (optical waveguide) surface, processing angle is 60 °, and cycle T 360nm, depth is the circle of 150nm
Cylindricality two-dimensional grating constitutes grating operation mechanism 2.
In order to solve since light transmission intensity weakens in optical waveguide after two-dimensional grating decoupling light, and then cause final image
The problem of brightness gradually dies down in optical transmission direction, controlled by depth of the subregion to two-dimensional grating, to control
Optocoupler goes out intensity homogeneity in each region, and optical waveguide is divided into longitudinal A~E, and laterally 1~6 totally 30 regions, process two-dimentional light
The subregion grid body diameter R is as shown in table 3.
5 embodiment of table, 4 subregion two-dimensional grating body diameter R situation
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 260nm | 240nm | 210nm | 170nm | 130nm | 170nm |
| B | 240nm | 210nm | 170nm | 130nm | 100nm | 130nm |
| C | 240nm | 210nm | 170nm | 130nm | 220nm | 130nm |
| D | 240nm | 210nm | 170nm | 130nm | 100nm | 130nm |
| E | 260nm | 240nm | 210nm | 170nm | 130nm | 170nm |
Micro-projector image is entered into optical waveguide from C5 region project, measures image intensity in remaining region, and make normalizing
Change processing, measurement result are as shown in table 6.
6 embodiment of table, 4 image intensity test result
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| A | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
| B | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.95 | 1 | 0.96 | 1 |
| C | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 0.96 | It is coupled into | 0.96 |
| D | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.93 | 1 | 0.96 | 1 |
| E | 0.82 | 0.88 | 0.91 | 0.94 | 0.94 | 0.94 |
The utility model realizes being coupled into, expanding pupil, decoupling for image by the two-dimensional grating optical waveguide of one piece of fixed cycle, micro-
The light that projector issues can be generated the light of multiple levels after grating operation mechanism arbitrary region by two-dimensional grating diffraction
Direction enters optical waveguide, by decoupling waveguide after total reflection transmission in optical waveguide, finally in grating operation part arbitrary region
It can be seen that image.The utility model structure is simple, is easy to volume production processing, and use form is flexible, industry with higher is answered
With value.
The basic principles and main features of the present invention and the advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.Current row
The technical staff of industry is described in above embodiments and description it should be appreciated that the present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments
Only illustrate the principles of the present invention, on the premise of not departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model is also
It will have various changes and improvements, these various changes and improvements fall within the scope of the claimed invention.The utility model
Claimed range is defined by the appending claims and its equivalent thereof.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: including optical waveguide transmission mechanism and grating operation machine
Structure；The optical waveguide transmission mechanism is transparent parallel waveguide；The grating operation mechanism is 60 ° by the angle that the period is fixed
Two-dimensional grating is constituted；The two-dimensional grating protrusion or the upper surface for being depressed in the parallel waveguide.
2. as described in claim 1 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: the refractive index of the parallel waveguide
It is 1.4 ~ 2.2, with a thickness of 0.3 ~ 2.5mm.
3. as described in claim 1 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: the period of the two-dimensional grating is
200~700nm。
4. as described in claim 1 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: the two-dimensional grating is cylinder
Or bottom surface is the prismatic of diamond shape.
5. based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating as described in claim 1 or 4, it is characterised in that: the two-dimensional grating it is straight
Diameter or side length are 50 ~ 650nm, and height or depth are 80 ~ 650nm.
6. as described in claim 1 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: in the grating operation mechanism
Fixed be coupled into a little is set.
7. as claimed in claim 6 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: the diameter or side length being coupled into a little be
200 ~ 650nm, height or depth are 200 ~ 650nm.
8. as claimed in claim 6 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: be coupled into diameter a little or side length is big
In be located at its periphery each decoupling point diameter or side length, height or depth be greater than positioned at its periphery each decoupling point height or
Depth.
9. as claimed in claim 8 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: decoupling point is a little remoter away from being coupled into,
Its diameter or side length are bigger.
10. as claimed in claim 8 based on the planar optical waveguide of two-dimensional grating, it is characterised in that: decoupling point is a little remoter away from being coupled into,
Its height or depth are bigger.
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| CN201822195394.7U CN209167585U (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | A kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating |
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| CN201822195394.7U CN209167585U (en) | 2018-12-26 | 2018-12-26 | A kind of planar optical waveguide based on two-dimensional grating |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114527537A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional grating and forming method thereof, optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment |
| WO2022247487A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-01 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Diffractive waveguide apparatus, near-eye display device and manufacturing method |
-
2018
- 2018-12-26 CN CN201822195394.7U patent/CN209167585U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2022247487A1 (en) * | 2021-05-27 | 2022-12-01 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Diffractive waveguide apparatus, near-eye display device and manufacturing method |
| CN114527537A (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2022-05-24 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional grating and forming method thereof, optical waveguide and near-to-eye display equipment |
| CN114527537B (en) * | 2022-03-07 | 2024-01-30 | 深圳珑璟光电科技有限公司 | Two-dimensional grating, forming method thereof, optical waveguide and near-to-eye display device |
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Inventor after: Huang He Inventor after: Lin Tao Inventor after: Lou Xinye Inventor after: Li Qing Inventor before: Huang He Inventor before: Lin Tao Inventor before: Wu Xingkun Inventor before: Lou Xinye Inventor before: Li Qing |
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Effective date of registration: 20231009 Address after: 201306 west area of plant 4, No. 2699 Jiangshan Road, Lingang New Area, China (Shanghai) pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai kunyou Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: Floor 3, building 19, building 8, No. 498, GuoShouJing Road, China (Shanghai) pilot Free Trade Zone, Pudong New Area, Shanghai, 200120 Patentee before: SHANGHAI NORTH OCEAN PHOTONICS Co.,Ltd. |