CN208283314U - A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System - Google Patents
A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System Download PDFInfo
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- CN208283314U CN208283314U CN201820734774.0U CN201820734774U CN208283314U CN 208283314 U CN208283314 U CN 208283314U CN 201820734774 U CN201820734774 U CN 201820734774U CN 208283314 U CN208283314 U CN 208283314U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image Systems, belong to x-ray imaging field, and the utility model passes through with the high-frequency x-ray source of pulsed, image intensifier；Scintillator, high-speed CCD camera and the system for computer combination of fast die-away time.And the imaging method using the system.The utility model can carry out real time imagery to swiftly passing object, the situation of change of material internal in a very short period of time, the either physical motion rule of terminal ballistics, it can be observed that optical camera can not clap the object of which movement measured, as motion mode, the material of the terminal trajectory of several targets of shell receive the micro-variations after collision.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to x-ray imaging field, be related to a kind of pair of high-speed moving object high speed imaging, in particular to
A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System.
Background technique
Compared with common imaging technique, x-ray imaging technology has its distinctive advantage, especially in ordinary optical
The things that camera can not take.Although and current optical camera can to swiftly passing object carry out high speed imaging,
It is that it still has sizable limitation.And the characteristics of combining x-ray imaging, in the prior art, by the scintillator decayed fastly
With the CCD camera that can carry out high speed imaging, and by image intensifier, to realize X-ray high speed imaging.
Current X-ray imaging technique is quite mature, and the application of x-ray imaging is also quite extensively, energy not
In the case where height, also within the acceptable range to the injury of human body.X-ray imaging can examine wound, doctor using with industry at present
Picture, safety check etc. are studied, and can achieve higher spatial resolution.
But current x-ray imaging is imaged for a slow or even static object of movement mostly, gained
To result be difficult to embody time response, it is difficult to real time imagery is carried out to swiftly passing object, such as in a very short period of time
Situation of change or the physical motion rule of terminal ballistics of material internal etc., previous x-ray imaging is all difficult to catch
Grasp this situation.
Utility model content
The utility model aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, discloses a kind of high-speed object X-ray real time imagery system
System, the utility model real time imagery is mainly by with the high-frequency x-ray source of pulsed, image intensifier；Fast die-away time
Scintillator, high-speed CCD camera and system for computer combination, be observed that optical camera can not be clapped by the utility model
The object of which movement measured, as motion mode, the material of the terminal trajectory of several targets of shell receive the micro-variations after collision.
The utility model is realized in this way:
A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System, which is characterized in that the system according to imaging process successively
It include: x-ray source, image intensifier, lens combination and high-speed CCD camera；X-ray source launches X-ray across shone thing
Body enters image intensifier, and light therein is spread out of from image intensifier enters lens combination；The image intensifier (as
Booster) it is located at x-ray source, on the straight line where irradiated object, image intensifier is at a distance from x-ray source according to being shone
Position where penetrating object is adjusted to guarantee that irradiated object can be with perfect imaging on image intensifier.
The image intensifier includes scintillator, photocathode and microchannel plate；Scintillator be divided into first part's scintillator,
Second part scintillator；First part's scintillator is coupled by photocathode with microchannel plate, and microchannel plate and second part flash
Body coupling.First part's scintillator, second part scintillator, microchannel plate height are identical and height-adjustable；Second part dodges
The type of bright body is identical as first part's scintillator.
The lens combination includes total reflection mirror and the compound lens with enlarging function, amplification factor with it is selected
The spatial resolution of imaging is related, and lens combination and first part's scintillator are located at sustained height；Second part scintillator type
It is identical as first part's scintillator or guarantee the optical attenuation time be no more than actual demand in the case where selection photoyield it is higher
Scintillator；Second part scintillator uses original of the reason of array with first part's scintillator using array architecture
Because identical, that is, be conducive to improve imaging space resolution ratio；Total reflection mirror rotates optical path, and high-speed CCD camera is then placed along optical path.
Lens group closes amplification, can improve the spatial resolution of system to a certain extent；Simultaneously using total reflection
The structure of mirror can damage CCD camera to avoid X-ray direct irradiation.CCD camera and lens combination need close association
Together, it is influenced caused by imaging to avoid external light source.
Further, the x-ray source is synchrotron radiation source, is embodied in taper source.
X-ray source generates pulsed high-frequency X-ray, and the X-ray energy of x-ray source transmitting is tens keV to several hundred
KeV, under a kind of possible implementation, the object volume to be detected is small be collided such as research material after it is internal subtle
Variation, the X-ray energy that x-ray source is occurred are tens keV；Under alternatively possible implementation, to be detected
Object volume it is big, if guided missile hits the physics law for the terminal ballistics that tank is occurred, then the X-ray energy needed will reach
To several hundred keV；Different energy is selected according to the difference of photographed object to reach X-ray and can successfully penetrate described in photographed object injection
Image intensifier.
Further, first part's scintillator is optical attenuation time short array scintillator；The optical attenuation time is
47~50ns.The extremely short optical attenuation time cooperates high-frequency x-ray source can achieve and shoots upper thousand sheets photograph in one second
The target of piece.First part's scintillator is conducive to improve imaging space resolution ratio using array.The second part flashing
Body is the big scintillator or identical as first part's scintillator of photoyield.
Further, first part's scintillator thickness is millimeter magnitude；First part's scintillator is fixed with bracket, branch
Frame is height-adjustable；The scintillator of first part selects BaF2、CeBr3、LuI3: Ce or LYSO.Second part scintillator branch
Frame is fixed on height identical as first part's scintillator, and support height is adjustable.First part's scintillator will transmit through shone thing
The X-ray of body is converted into visible light for the first time；But under normal circumstances, optical attenuation time shorter scintillator its photoyield also compares
It is low, it is unable to satisfy the actual demand of imaging.For this problem, need to increase light production in the case where guaranteeing that the optical attenuation time is short
Volume.Therefore it needs to use photocathode and microchannel plate.
Further, the time extremely double alkali formula photocathodes.Double alkali formula photocathode main functions are it will be seen that photon turns
Turn to electronics；First part's scintillator issues optical photon, it is seen that light, which is radiated on photocathode, generates photoelectron.
Further, what microchannel plate mainly play a part of is electron multiplication；The shape of microchannel plate such as one has accumulated up to a hundred
The thin discs of ten thousand subtle parallel hollow glass tubes, the effect of each hollow tube passage is like a continuous dynode multiplication
Device, general thin slice both ends of the surface are coated with nickel chromium triangle metallic film.Outer ring is that a circle is coated with nickel chromium triangle metallic film but the not reality in channel
Body side applies voltage for providing good end face contact；The microchannel plate is fixed with bracket to be flashed with first part
The identical height of body, support height are adjustable.
Further, the scintillator is array, is filled between scintillator arrays by silicon.
Further, the lens combination is made of several optical lenses, and each lens are fixed by bracket in lens combination,
The lens combination and first part's scintillator are fixed on sustained height；The lens group, which closes, to be zoomed into as effect, specifically
Amplification factor can select according to the actual situation, and imaging space resolution ratio can be improved using lens combination.
The invention also discloses the imaging method of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System, system imaging method tools
Body is as follows:
Step 1: building platform first, x-ray source, image intensifier and lens combination is placed in same straight line, together
In one height, and high-speed CCD camera is placed on the optical path direction that total reflection mirror reflects；High-speed CCD camera is with lens combination
Integration；
Step 2: opening x-ray source, according to the X-ray of the corresponding x-ray source transmitting of the optical attenuation selection of time of scintillator
Frequency, both make to match；
Step 3: after the frequency for having selected X-ray, high-speed CCD camera is opened, and open the software on computer, adjusted
Capture rate that is whole and selecting CCD camera；
Step 4: closing x-ray source after having selected CCD camera capture rate, and illuminated irradiated object is placed
Between x-ray source and image intensifier, the height and image intensifier of irradiated object are maintained at sustained height；
Step 5: after the height for adjusting irradiated object, being first turned on x-ray source, while observing on computer and be
The no image for obtaining the shooting that CCD camera transmission comes and obtaining；If any, then it carries out in next step；It is repeatedly walked if without if
Rapid one to step 4 until recalling image, on computers collect obtain image.
Further, the optical path direction is 90 degree of directions.
Further, this method can also be applied to the material internal changing rule under research high power laser light irradiation, specifically
Steps are as follows:
Step 1: building platform first, x-ray source, image intensifier and lens combination is placed in same straight line, together
In one height, and high-speed CCD camera is placed on the optical path direction that total reflection mirror reflects；High-speed CCD camera is with lens combination
Integration；
Step 2: opening x-ray source and laser source (is that one kind causes irradiated object internal distortions using laser source
One of mode, the frequency of laser be it is related to the internal distortions of irradiated object, can also be using tapping in addition to laser
Mode.The calculating of a quantification can be preferably carried out to energy using laser source.) selected according to the optical attenuation time of scintillator
The frequency for selecting the frequency of the X-ray of corresponding x-ray source transmitting, the laser of laser source transmitting, makes three match；
Step 3: after having selected the frequency of X-ray, the frequency of laser, high power laser source is closed, and opens high speed
CCD camera, and the software on computer is opened, adjust and select the capture rate of CCD camera；
Step 4: closing x-ray source after having selected CCD camera capture rate, and illuminated irradiated object is placed
Between x-ray source and image intensifier, the height and image intensifier of irradiated object are maintained at sustained height；
Step 5: after the height for adjusting irradiated object, being first turned on x-ray source, while observing on computer and be
The no image for obtaining the shooting that CCD camera transmission comes and obtaining；If any, then it carries out in next step；It is repeatedly walked if without if
Rapid one to step 4 until recalling image.
Step 6: it obtains opening high power laser source after formed image on computers, adjusts the frequency of laser source
And emit laser irradiation on irradiated object；
Step 7: the image collected on computers；And it is handled；
Step 8: after obtaining image, first closing laser source, turns off x-ray source, finally closes CCD camera, finally packs up
Device；
Step 9: arranging the photo that shooting obtains, and compares in obtaining irradiated object in the case where being irradiated by high power laser light
Portion's changing rule.
The utility model compares to be with the beneficial effect of the prior art:
1) the utility model uses pulsed high-frequency x-ray source, can carry out once in each subpulse to observation object
The rapid irradiance of body, can effectively by the extremely short object information of time interval by across X-ray sweep along；
2) it is short to solve the scintillator optical attenuation time in such a way that fast scintillator is coupled with microchannel plate for the utility model
But the problem that photoyield is low, the photoelectron that scintillation light is generated by photocathode are got in microchannel plate by electron multiplication again
On the second part scintillator, visible brightness can be effectively improved；
3) the utility model uses lens combination and total reflection mirror, can amplify to imaging, to improve imaging
Spatial resolution；Total reflection mirror can make optical path L-shaped, can achieve the purpose of protection CCD camera；
4) the utility model utilizes high-speed CCD camera, can carry out fast imaging to the scintillation light of generation, camera volume is not
Greatly, it is convenient for carrying；
5) system and method for the utility model are utilized, current high speed imaging can be divided into 50-500 frame according to imaging rate
The area high speed, the area very high speed of 500-100000,100000-107The area high speed ultra and
Higher than 107The area super high speed, the imaging rate of the utility model belongs to ultra high speed, can expire substantially
X-ray imaging under sufficient specified conditions；
6) the utility model structure is simple, builds conveniently, specific component volume size can be selected according to imaging requirements
It selects.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the utility model high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System；
Fig. 2 is the utility model high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System imaging method schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 is the image intensifier structural schematic diagram of the utility model；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of the array scintillator of the utility model embodiment；
Fig. 5 is system structure signal of the utility model by the material internal changing rule under high power laser light irradiation
Figure；
Wherein, 3.1- first part scintillator, 3.2- photocathode, 3.3- microchannel plate, 3.4- second part scintillator.
Specific embodiment
It is clear to keep the purpose of this utility model, technical solution and effect clearer, referring to the drawings and give an actual example
The utility model is further described.It should be understood that described herein be embodied only to explain the utility model,
It is not used to limit the utility model.
The system of the utility model can be applied to the fast imaging of micro and macro high-speed moving object, spatial resolution
It can be in micron to voluntarily being selected between millimeter magnitude.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the high speed imaging system of the utility model.High-speed imaging device includes: that x-ray source is (same
Walk radiation source), image intensifier, lens combination (including total reflection mirror), high-speed CCD camera and computer information processing part.
The high-speed CCD camera of high-speed CCD camera selection Japan production, model may be selected Hyper Vision HPV-X2, most take pictures fastly
It is per second that rate can reach frames up to ten thousand.
Fig. 2 is the flow diagram of imaging method according to the present utility model.X-ray source selection is synchrotron radiation first
Source, synchrotron radiation source for other x-ray sources, first its with good space proportionality, high-frequency impulse simultaneously
And the X-ray energy launched more can be determined accurately；The x-ray source is synchrotron radiation source, is embodied in taper
Source, angle can be selected according to the actual situation.The X-ray that x-ray source launches certain energy passes through irradiated object
Into image intensifier (image intensifier), image intensifier is located on the straight line where x-ray source and sample.Image intensifier with
The distance of x-ray source can be adjusted as needed according to the direction of beam propagation.Visible light spreads out of entrance from image intensifier
The lens combination,
Lens combination is made of several optical lenses, and each lens are fixed by bracket in lens combination, lens combination and
A part of scintillator 3.1 is fixed on sustained height；Lens group, which closes, to be zoomed into as effect, and specific amplification factor can be according to reality
Situation selection, can be improved imaging space resolution ratio using lens combination；Lens combination includes total reflection mirror, and total reflection mirror can change
X-ray and visible light can be separated, because X-ray penetrability is stronger, can pass through total reflection mirror by the transmission path on darkening road
And then mirror surface is totally reflected visible light, to achieve the purpose that separation, as shown in Figure 1, total reflection mirror revolves optical path
It turn 90 degrees.High-speed CCD camera (CCD camera) is placed along optical path, and is taken pictures, finally by the incoming meter of obtained shooting photo
It is handled in calculation machine.
Fig. 3 is the concrete structure schematic diagram of image intensifier, as shown in figure 3, described image booster is dodged by first part
Bright body 3.1, second part scintillator 3.4, photocathode 3.2 and microchannel plate 3.3 form, in which:
First part's scintillator 3.1 is optical attenuation time short array scintillator, and the optical attenuation time is 47 ~ 50ns.The
A part of scintillator 3.1 is conducive to improve imaging space resolution ratio using array；First part's scintillator 3.1 with a thickness of milli
Rice magnitude；First part's scintillator 3.1 is fixed on certain altitude with bracket, and support height is adjustable；First part's scintillator 3.1
The X-ray that will transmit through irradiated object is converted into visible light for the first time；The scintillator 3.1 of first part can choose BaF2、
CeBr3、LuI3: Ce or LYSO etc.；But under normal circumstances, the optical attenuation time it is shorter scintillator its photoyield it is also relatively low,
It is unable to satisfy the actual demand of imaging, so needing to use photocathode and microchannel plate；Time extremely double alkali formula photocathodes, double alkali
Formula photocathode can largely be dodged using the first part relative to common photocathode quantum efficiency with higher
The fluorescence that bright body 3.1 is issued, main function are it will be seen that converting photons are photoelectron；The sending of first part's scintillator 3.1 can
Light-exposed son, it is seen that light is radiated on photocathode 3.2 and generates photoelectron；First part's scintillator 3.1 by the photocathode 3.2 with
The microchannel plate 3.3 couples, and what microchannel plate mainly play a part of is electron multiplication；The shape of the microchannel plate such as one is poly-
The thin discs of up to a million subtle parallel hollow glass tubes are collected, the effect of each hollow tube passage is continuously beaten like one
By pole multiplier, general thin slice both ends of the surface are coated with nickel chromium triangle metallic film.Outer ring is that a circle is coated with nickel chromium triangle metallic film but does not have
The solid edge in channel applies voltage for providing good end face contact；Microchannel plate 3.3 is fixed on and first with bracket
The identical height of partly flickering body 3.1, support height are adjustable；The microchannel plate 3.3 is coupled with second part scintillator 3.4；
The type of second part scintillator 3.4 is identical as first part's scintillator 3.1 or is guaranteeing that it is practical that the optical attenuation time is no more than
The higher scintillator of photoyield is selected in the case where demand；Second part scintillator 3.4 uses the reason of array and first
Divide the reason of scintillator 3.1 is using array architecture identical；Second part scintillator 3.4 is fixed on bracket to be dodged with first part
The bright identical height of body 3.1, support height are equally adjustable；It should be noted first part's scintillator 3.1, photocathode
3.2, the shorter microchannel plate 3.3 and the distance of the second part scintillator 3.4 coupling the better, and tightly close to best, this is advantageous
In reducing transition time of the particle in image intensifier, to improve temporal resolution.
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the array of first part's scintillator 3.1, second part scintillator 3.4, and scintillator model can
Can different but structure it is essentially identical, the scintillator of each section is array, and what square hole represented in Fig. 4 is scintillator, hole with
It is filled between hole by silicon, is and to use silicon then because being easy to produce optical crosstalk in the case where hole wall is relatively thin using the reason of silicon
Refraction can be reduced to reduce because there is a situation where spatial resolution variation caused by optical crosstalk.
For studying the structural schematic diagram by the material internal changing rule under high power laser light irradiation shown in Fig. 5,.Under
Face will carry out detailed operating procedure introduction in conjunction with Fig. 5.
Step 1: building platform first, x-ray source, imaging detector and lens combination is placed in same straight line, together
In one height, and CCD camera is placed on the optical path direction that total reflection mirror reflects, what is selected here is 90 degree of directions；CCD camera
It is integrated with lens；
Step 2: properly protect measure, opens x-ray source and laser source, is closed according to the optical attenuation selection of time of scintillator
The frequency of the laser of the frequency and laser source transmitting of the X-ray of suitable x-ray source transmitting, makes three match；
Step 3: after having selected suitable frequency, high power laser source is closed, and open CCD camera, and open calculating
Software on machine starts the capture rate for simply being adjusted and being selected CCD camera；
Step 4: closing x-ray source after having selected CCD camera capture rate, and illuminated material (sample) is placed
Between x-ray source and image intensifier, the height and image intensifier of illuminated material are maintained at sustained height；
Step 5: after the height for adjusting illuminated material, being first turned on x-ray source, while observing on computer and be
The no image for obtaining the shooting that CCD camera transmission comes and obtaining；If any, then it carries out in next step；It is repeatedly walked if without if
Rapid one to step 4 until recalling image；
Step 6: it obtains opening high power laser source after formed image on computers, according to the frequency chosen before
Rate emits laser irradiation on illuminated material；
Step 7: the image collected on computers；And it is handled；
Step 8: after obtaining image, first closing laser source, turns off x-ray source, finally closes CCD camera, finally packs up
Device；
Step 9: arranging the photo that shooting obtains, and comparison can show that inside of the material in the case where being irradiated by high power laser light becomes
Change.
Claims (7)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201820734774.0U CN208283314U (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System |
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| CN201820734774.0U CN208283314U (en) | 2018-05-17 | 2018-05-17 | A kind of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108445024A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of imaging method of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System and system |
| WO2021031936A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 | Soft x-ray microscopic imaging detector |
-
2018
- 2018-05-17 CN CN201820734774.0U patent/CN208283314U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108445024A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-08-24 | 南京航空航天大学 | A kind of imaging method of high-speed object X-ray Real Time Image System and system |
| WO2021031936A1 (en) * | 2019-08-21 | 2021-02-25 | 苏州瑞派宁科技有限公司 | Soft x-ray microscopic imaging detector |
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