CN208194040U - Hypergravity moves adsorbent bed adsorbed gas equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of adsorption and desorption of gases adsorbed by solid adsorbents. In order to solve the problems of poor adsorption and desorption effects of traditional adsorption beds and low utilization rate of adsorbents, the utility model provides a supergravity mobile adsorption bed for adsorbing gases. equipment. The utility model has three modes, including a fixed bed mode, a moving bed mode and a rotating bed mode. The equipment includes an adsorption column, and an adsorbent is installed in the adsorption column. By changing the flow rate of the adsorbent in the adsorption column and the rotational speed of the adsorption column, to change the mode of the device. Mode switching is carried out in the same equipment unit, realizing efficient and continuous operation. The utility model can greatly improve the utilization rate of the adsorbent, shorten the desorption regeneration time of the saturated adsorbent, have high treatment effect, low operating cost, increase the life of the adsorbent, and improve the adsorption performance of the adsorption equipment at the same time, which has certain engineering practice Application significance and significance of energy saving and environmental protection.

Description

High gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of adsorption and desorption of gases adsorbed by solid adsorbents, and in particular relates to a gas adsorption device for a supergravity mobile adsorption bed.

Background technique

Adsorption is an important chemical unit operation process, widely used in petroleum, chemical industry, metallurgy, food, medicine, etc. In daily life and industrial production, adsorption is also used in household water purification, refrigerator deodorization, etc. Adsorption is the contact between the mobile phase and porous solid particles, so that the solid particles selectively accumulate and condense certain components in the mobile phase on their inner and outer surfaces, so as to achieve the purpose of separation. Common adsorbents include silica gel, activated alumina, activated carbon, and molecular sieve, which can be reasonably selected according to the mobile phase to be processed. The main means to improve the adsorption rate is to improve the adsorption equipment, and improve the adsorption and regeneration capacity of the adsorbent by changing the contact mode between the mobile phase and the adsorbent. Adsorption equipment commonly used in industry includes adsorption tank, fixed bed, fluidized bed and moving bed.

The fixed bed belongs to intermittent operation, and the non-adsorption time in the whole adsorption process is long. If the slurry or viscous liquid is adsorbed, it is easy to block the bed layer. The adsorbent is fixed in the bed layer, and the adsorbate shuttles through it. lower. The adsorbent in the fluidized bed is in a turbulent state. Although the adsorption efficiency is high during the adsorption process, the back-mixing is serious, and the adsorbent is severely worn, which requires high quality of the adsorbent. The adsorption particles in the moving bed move down in an orderly manner and contact with the feed material system countercurrently. The operation of the device is continuous, which improves the utilization rate of the adsorbent and increases the raw material treatment. It still has a certain adsorption capacity for high-concentration adsorption media. The moving bed has the advantages of high adsorption efficiency and large processing capacity, and is widely used in industrial production.

Adsorption requires a corresponding desorption technology to correspond to it. When the traditional adsorption equipment performs the desorption process, there are disadvantages such as low desorption efficiency and long desorption time, which do not match the corresponding adsorption process. Rotating packed bed is a new type of high-efficiency gas mass transfer equipment. It has been widely used in enhancing mass transfer. It can increase the desorption rate, shorten the desorption time, and provide sufficient fresh adsorbent for adsorption.

Seeking for an efficient adsorption and desorption equipment, and integrating it to realize continuous operation, and using matching adsorption equipment for adsorption media with different concentrations is an urgent problem that needs to be solved urgently in the adsorption section. The above-mentioned high-gravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment can effectively solve the problems existing in adsorption and desorption, and improve production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The utility model aims to solve some problems existing in various types of traditional adsorption beds, such as low utilization rate of fixed bed adsorbent, poor adsorption effect, serious back-mixing in fluidized bed, easy wear of adsorbent, industrial adsorption bed belongs to intermittent operation, resulting in On the other hand, for the desorption process of saturated adsorbent, the desorption time of fixed bed is long and the desorption effect is extremely poor. In view of the above problems, a high-gravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment is proposed, which can effectively solve the problems existing in the adsorption and desorption process.

The utility model adopts following technical scheme to realize:

A high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment is characterized in that the equipment has three modes, including fixed bed mode, moving bed mode and rotating bed mode, the equipment includes an adsorption column, and the adsorption column is equipped with an adsorbent. Change the flow rate of the adsorbent in the adsorption column and the rotation speed of the adsorption column to change the mode of the equipment.

Further, the adsorption column is axially connected to the motor, the bottom of the adsorption column has an air inlet and an adsorbent outlet, and the top of the adsorption column has a feeding port. In the fixed bed mode, the motor is turned off, and the adsorbent is enclosed in the adsorption column; In the moving bed mode, the motor rotates at low speed, the adsorbent outlet is opened, and the top feeding port is filled with adsorbent, and the adsorbent flows from top to bottom in the adsorption column; in the rotating bed mode, the motor rotates at high speed, and the adsorbent is closed in the adsorption column. inside the column.

Further, the bottom of the device is provided with an adsorbent collection port, and the adsorbent outlet at the bottom of the adsorption column goes down to the adsorbent collection port, and slides down through the spiral plate, and the entire adsorption and recovery process is in a sealed environment.

Further, a gas distributor is installed at the bottom of the adsorption column, and the gas enters the interior of the adsorption column through the gas distributor. The gas distributor is conical in design, and micropores are provided on the cone surface. The gas distributor Coaxial with adsorption column.

Further, the adsorbent outlet is set at an angle to the axis of the adsorption column, the adsorbent outlet is located above the gas distributor, and a regulating valve is arranged at the adsorbent outlet.

Further, two of the above-mentioned devices are used in series, and the adsorption and desorption are operated continuously; after the adsorption process is completed in one of them, it is directly fed into the degassing and degassing, the speed is increased, and the desorption process is directly carried out, while the other One for the adsorption process.

The gas treatment process completed by the high-gravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment includes the following:

1) The device is in fixed bed mode, the motor is turned off, the outlet of the adsorbent is closed, and the waste gas enters the adsorption column from bottom to top for adsorption, which is suitable for treating low-concentration waste gas;

2) The equipment is in the moving bed mode, the motor speed is adjusted to a low speed state, the exhaust gas enters the adsorption column from bottom to top, and the adsorbent slowly passes through the adsorption column from top to bottom, and the exhaust gas and the adsorbent are in countercurrent contact to complete the adsorption process. During the whole process, fresh adsorbent is continuously added from the feeding port at the upper end of the adsorption column, and the adsorbent that has been completely adsorbed is thrown out from the adsorbent outlets on both sides of the bottom of the adsorption column, and guided by the spiral plate into the adsorbent collection port, which is suitable for processing High concentration exhaust gas;

3) Rotating bed mode, the motor rotates at high speed, the outlet of the adsorbent is closed, the feeding port at the upper end of the adsorption column is also closed, and the waste gas enters the adsorption column from bottom to top for adsorption;

4) In the above three modes of 1), 2), and 3), the adsorbent is replaced with a saturated adsorbent, the waste gas is replaced with degassing, and the other reaction conditions remain unchanged, and the desorption process is carried out.

Further, the desorption process adopts the rotating bed mode.

Further, the motor speed in the moving bed mode is 0-50r/min, and the motor speed in the rotating bed mode is 100-500r/min.

Further, the adsorbent is activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, molecular sieve, etc., and the degassing gas is water vapor, hot air, nitrogen, etc.

Further, the air inlet includes a stripping gas inlet and a waste gas inlet.

The utility model realizes the integration of different types of adsorption beds, including the integration of fixed beds, moving beds and rotating beds, adopts various modes to carry out the adsorption and desorption processes of saturated adsorbents, and realizes efficient and continuous adsorption and re-desorption process. The utility model uses a single unit for intermittent operation; if two units are used in series, it can realize continuous operation of adsorption and desorption. The process is simplified and the production efficiency is improved. The desorbent can use industrial water vapor or hot air from industrial waste heat, which can save energy and make full use of industrial resources. The utility model is suitable for processing volatile organic gases and some poisonous and harmful odorous gases and the like. Adopting the utility model for adsorption can greatly improve the utilization rate of the adsorbent, shorten the desorption regeneration time of the saturated adsorbent, have high treatment effect, low operating cost, increase the life of the adsorbent, and improve the adsorption performance of the adsorption equipment at the same time. Certain engineering practical application significance and energy conservation and environmental protection significance.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the device schematic diagram of the supergravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment described in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the gas distributor and the gas distributor of the utility model;

In Fig. 1: 1- stripping gas inlet; 2- waste gas inlet; 3- gas sealing device; 4- adsorbent outlet; 5- gas distributor; 6- adsorption column; 7- sealing cover; 8- spiral plate; 9 - Sorbent collection port; 10 - Motor.

Detailed ways

The specific embodiment of the utility model will be further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment is an integrated equipment of fixed bed, moving bed and rotating bed. The conversion of the adsorption bed mode is realized by changing the frequency of the motor. The fixed bed mode is carried out when the motor is stagnant, the outlet of the adsorbent is closed, and the exhaust gas is introduced from the bottom gas inlet, and the gas adsorption process is completed from bottom to top. The moving bed mode is driven by the low frequency of the motor to rotate at a low speed. The adsorbent flows out slowly from the adsorbent outlets on both sides of the adsorption column, and is drained by the spiral plate to the adsorbent collection port at the bottom. Fresh adsorbent is added from the feeding port at the upper end of the adsorption column. It enters from the air inlet, enters the adsorption column from bottom to top, and fully contacts with the adsorbent from top to bottom to complete the adsorption process. The entire adsorption process is carried out in a closed environment. The rotating bed mode is to adsorb when the adsorbent outlet is closed and the frequency of the motor is high; The desorption process is carried out under the driving of rotation.

After the gas to be treated has been removed and purified, the utility model is used to complete the gas adsorption process, and the appropriate type of adsorption bed is selected according to the concentration of the adsorption medium. Including as follows: 1) For low-concentration exhaust gas, turn off the motor, keep the equipment in fixed bed mode, the adsorption column is filled with adsorbent, the adsorbent is in a static state, and the gas to be treated enters the adsorption column from bottom to top for adsorption; 2) For high Concentrated waste gas, adjust the speed to low speed, keep the equipment in the moving bed mode, the waste gas to be treated is passed into the bed, the adsorbent slowly passes through the adsorption column from top to bottom, and contacts with the gas from bottom to top in countercurrent to complete the adsorption process. During the whole process, fresh adsorbent is continuously added from the upper feeding port, and the adsorbed adsorbent is thrown out from both sides of the adsorption column, and flows into the adsorbent collection port by the spiral plate. The countercurrent contact between the adsorbent and the exhaust gas greatly increases the contact area, so that the gas and the adsorbent are completely adsorbed, and the utilization rate of the adsorbent is improved. 3) For high-concentration exhaust gas, adjust the speed to high speed, keep the equipment as a rotating bed, the outlet of the adsorbent is closed, and the feeding port at the upper end of the adsorption column is also closed, and the exhaust gas enters the adsorption column from bottom to top for adsorption.

In the desorption process completed by the utility model, the adsorbent saturated with adsorption is installed in the adsorption column, the outlet of the adsorbent is closed, the feeding port above the adsorption column is sealed, and the lower motor is adjusted to keep the adsorption column rotating at a high speed. In bed mode, water vapor/hot air is fed into the bottom air inlet to complete the desorption process. The entire adsorption bed rotates at a high speed. At this time, it is a rotating adsorption bed. Under a stable and strong supergravity environment, the degassing and degassing contact with the adsorbent in countercurrent, which enhances the mass transfer process and improves the desorption effect. At the same time , The equipment described in the utility model greatly reduces the desorption time, and provides fresh adsorbent for the adsorption process in time. Experiments show that in the small test equipment, the hot air flow rate is 2.5 m ³ /h, the rotation speed is 400 r/min, and the desorption time is 15 minutes, the saturated adsorbent can reach the level of fresh adsorbent.

The processing objects of the utility model are generally conventional organic gases, such as chloroform, dichloromethane, acetone, hydrogen sulfide, formaldehyde, etc., also considered as volatile organic gases, such as toluene, xylene, formaldehyde, etc. Industrial waste gas and odorous gas in life. The adsorbent is solid particles, such as activated carbon, activated alumina, silica gel, molecular sieve, etc. The stripping gas can be steam, hot air, nitrogen, etc. The rotational speed of the moving adsorption bed motor is 0-50r/min, and the rotational speed of the rotary desorption bed motor is 100-500r/min.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment, including the main body of the adsorption bed (fixed bed, moving bed and rotating bed integrated), used for solid adsorbent adsorption gas, in a set of devices Complete the process of adsorption and desorption. The bottom of the whole device is equipped with a motor, and an air seal device 3 is provided between the bottom motor 10 and the upper adsorption column to prevent the poisonous and odorous gas entering from the bottom from leaking into the air. There is a gas inlet at the bottom of the adsorption column. The gas inlet can share one place, and there are also two gas inlets, including the degassing inlet and the waste gas inlet. One inlet is used and the other is closed. After the exhaust gas enters the adsorption column 6 through the exhaust gas inlet 2, it passes through the gas distributor 5, and the exhaust gas and the adsorbent complete the adsorption process in the adsorption column, and the entire adsorption process is carried out in a closed state. The adsorbent flows out from the adsorbent outlet 4, and flows into the adsorbent collection port 9 through the spiral plate 8, and there is a recovery tank at the adsorbent collection port. During the desorption process, the stripping gas passes through the saturated adsorbent from bottom to top through the stripping gas inlet 1, and the entire adsorption process is also carried out in a closed state. . During the whole adsorption and desorption process, the frequency of the motor can be adjusted, the rotation speed of the adsorption column can be changed, and then the type of the adsorption bed can be changed, and the appropriate adsorption bed can be selected for adsorption and desorption.

The supergravity mobile adsorption bed is equipped with a gas distributor at the inlet at the bottom of the adsorption column. The gas distributor is designed in a conical shape according to actual needs, and there are three types of designs with included angles of 60°, 90° and 120°. According to the size of the adsorbent particles, the gas distributor plate is punched with gas through holes with a diameter smaller than that of the adsorbent to ensure that the gas can enter the adsorption column and the adsorbent will not fall. Choose different cone angles and micropore sizes according to your needs.

Example 1: For the toluene gas generated by the gas generator, activated carbon was used as the adsorbent, and the high-gravity moving adsorption bed was used as the adsorption equipment to conduct an adsorption test. The designed processing capacity of the whole device is 0-15m ³ /h, the diameter of the adsorption column is 50mm, and the rotation speed of the adsorption column can be adjusted from 0-900r/min. The concentration of toluene gas produced by the gas generator is maintained at 2000-3000ppm, and the intake air volume is 5m ³ /h. During the experiment, the adsorption performance of the three adsorption beds is studied by adjusting the rotation speed. The rotation speed of the adsorption column is adjusted as follows: 0r/min, 50r/min, 500r/min, the corresponding adsorption bed mode is fixed bed, moving bed and rotating bed.

During the test, the loading amount of activated carbon was 300 g, and the adsorption time was 10 h. The results showed that the adsorption capacity of the fixed bed was 350 mg/g, that of the moving bed was 450 mg/g, and that of the rotating bed was 476.8 mg/g.

Example 2: For the activated carbon with saturated adsorption, the supergravity moving adsorption bed is used for desorption, the desorption medium is nitrogen at 80 ° C, and when the outlet concentration is maintained at 100 ppm, the desorption time required for the fixed bed is 200 minutes, and the required desorption time for the moving bed is 200 minutes. The desorption time is 140min, and the desorption time required for rotation is 50min; measured simultaneously, the desorption time is 30min, the desorption rate of the fixed bed is 23%, the desorption rate of the moving bed is 36%, and the desorption rate of the rotating bed is 30min. The adsorption rate was 76%, indicating that the rotating bed has superior performance in the desorption of saturated activated carbon.

Example 3: For toluene gas with a concentration of 1000ppm, adsorption and desorption experiments were carried out by using a high-gravity moving adsorption bed. Adjust the rotating speed to 0r/min, and the whole adsorption bed is in the fixed bed mode. 10m ³ /h of toluene gas is introduced through the gas inlet, and the loading capacity of activated carbon in the adsorption column is 500g. % nitrogen, adjust the rotation speed to 500r/min, and the adsorption bed is in the rotating bed mode at this time, and the desorption experiment is carried out. After desorption for 50 minutes, the previous adsorption toluene gas test is repeated for 8 hours, and the adsorption capacity reaches 470mg/g. Maintaining a better adsorption effect shows that the high-gravity mobile adsorption bed can maintain a good adsorption and desorption effect when the adsorption and desorption are integrated.

Claims (8)

1. A high-gravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment is characterized in that the equipment has three modes, including fixed bed mode, moving bed mode and rotating bed mode, and the equipment includes an adsorption column, and adsorbent is housed in the adsorption column , by changing the flow rate of the adsorbent in the adsorption column and the rotation speed of the adsorption column to change the mode of the equipment. 2. The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the adsorption column is axially connected to a motor, the bottom of the adsorption column has an air inlet and an adsorbent outlet, and the top of the adsorption column has a feeding port , in the fixed bed mode, the motor is turned off, and the adsorbent is enclosed in the adsorption column; in the moving bed mode, the motor rotates at a low speed, the adsorbent outlet is opened, and the top feeding port is filled with adsorbent, and the adsorbent flows from top to bottom in the adsorption column In the rotating bed mode, the motor rotates at high speed and the adsorbent is enclosed in the adsorption column. 3. The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the equipment is provided with an adsorbent collection port, the adsorbent outlet at the bottom of the adsorption column is connected to the adsorbent collection port, and the spiral plate is cis Sliding down, the entire adsorption and recovery process is in a sealed environment. 4. The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that a gas distributor is installed at the bottom of the adsorption column, and the gas enters the interior of the adsorption column through the gas distributor, and the gas distributor is Conical design, with micropores on the conical surface, the gas distributor is coaxial with the adsorption column. 5. The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the outlet of the adsorbent is set at an angle to the axis of the adsorption column, the outlet of the adsorbent is located above the gas distributor, and the outlet of the adsorbent is provided with regulator valve. 6. The high-gravity mobile adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that two of the described equipment are used in series, and the adsorption and desorption are continuously operated; after one of them completes the adsorption process, it is directly Introduce blowing and degassing, increase the speed, and directly carry out the desorption process, while the other one is carrying out the adsorption process. 7. The high-gravity moving adsorption bed adsorption gas equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that the motor speed in the moving bed mode is 0-50r/min, and the motor speed in the rotating bed mode is 100-500r/min . 8. The high-gravity moving adsorption bed gas adsorption equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that the air inlet includes a stripping gas inlet and a waste gas inlet.