CN207763899U - A kind of tracheal catheter experimental facilities - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a trachea catheter experiment equipment, which comprises an airway simulation tube, the first branch of the airway simulation tube is provided with a vertical part which is vertically upward and can insert a trachea tube into it, the airway simulation tube The second branch of the tube is sealed in the horizontal direction with an artificial lung for simulating the lungs. Both the first branch and the second branch are in communication with the main pipe at the lower part of the airway simulation tube. The bottom of the main pipe is airtight, so The lower part of the airway simulation tube is provided with an input port for introducing carbon dioxide, and the upper part of the airway simulation tube is provided with a detection port for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide. The endotracheal catheter experiment simulation equipment provided by the utility model injects carbon dioxide under the air bag, and detects the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the air bag through the detection port above the air bag, so as to determine the corresponding relationship between the tightness of the air bag and the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the air bag.

Description

A kind of endotracheal tube experimental equipment

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of medical experiment equipment, in particular to a trachea catheter experiment equipment.

Background technique

The endotracheal tube is an effective means to ensure the unobstructed airway, and plays an extremely important role in the rescue process. After the patient's airway is inserted into the endotracheal tube, the patient's swallowing is restricted, and oral secretions and gastroesophageal reflux are blocked by the air bag. Above the air sac, forming a retentate on the air sac. If the seal between the airway and the airbag is not tight, it will cause air leakage around the airbag, and the secretions on the airbag will leak into the lower respiratory tract along the wall of the airbag, causing aspiration and ventilator-associated pneumonia. The sealing management of endotracheal tube balloon is the focus and difficulty in the research of emergency and critical care medicine.

The management method of the air bag tightness in the prior art is to maintain the pressure in the air bag within a certain preset range, but the air bag tightness is affected by many factors, such as: endotracheal intubation type, negative pressure suction, end-expiratory pressure, etc. Positive pressure, the shape and material of the airbag, etc. Therefore, in order to ensure that the airbag is well sealed, it is necessary to dynamically monitor the airbag tightness and dynamically manage the airbag pressure.

The gas exhaled by the patient has a high concentration of carbon dioxide. If there is a leak between the air bag and the airway, the gas exhaled by the patient will enter between the air bag and the glottis along the leaked space. By detecting the carbon dioxide in the gas between the glottis and the air bag Concentration can realize the dynamic monitoring of air bag tightness, but the corresponding relationship between gas carbon dioxide concentration between glottis and air bag and air bag tightness has not been determined yet.

Therefore, how to provide an endotracheal tube experimental device capable of determining the corresponding relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration between the air bag and the glottis and the tightness of the air bag is a technical problem to be solved by those skilled in the art.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an endotracheal catheter experimental device, which can verify the corresponding relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration and the sealing performance of the air bag.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a tracheal tube experimental equipment, including an airway simulation tube, the first branch of the airway simulation tube is provided with a vertical part that is vertically upward and can insert the tracheal tube into it, so The second branch of the airway simulation tube is horizontally sealed and connected with an artificial lung for simulating the lung, the first branch and the second branch are in communication with the main pipe at the lower part of the airway simulation tube, and the bottom of the main pipe is Airtight, the lower part of the airway simulation tube is provided with an input port for introducing carbon dioxide, and the upper part of the airway simulation tube is provided with a detection port for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide.

Preferably, the upper port of the vertical part is provided with a sealing cover for sealing, and the sealing cover is provided with a via hole for passing the endotracheal tube, and the upper part of the vertical part is provided with a hole for maintaining the endotracheal tube. A pressure equalization tube for pressure equalization above the bladder.

Preferably, the pressure balance pipe is located on the side wall of the vertical portion, opposite to the detection port, and the pressure balance pipe is located higher than the detection port. Preferably, the input port is arranged horizontally at the root of the second branch.

Preferably, the sealing cover is provided with a liquid injection port, and a liquid collector is sealed and connected under the manifold.

Preferably, the input port is arranged at the root of the second branch and arranged along a horizontal direction.

Preferably, it also includes a fixing bracket for fixing the airway simulation tube, and the fixing bracket includes a fixing column connected with the vertical part.

The tracheal catheter experimental equipment provided by the utility model simulates the patient's respiratory system through the airway simulation tube and artificial lung. The artificial lung is ventilated, and the artificial lung expands and contracts under the action of air pressure to simulate the breathing effect of the patient under the assistance of the ventilator. There is a carbon dioxide input port under the airbag, which simulates the carbon dioxide produced when the patient exhales by injecting an appropriate concentration of carbon dioxide. Since the lower part of the airway simulation tube is sealed, once the airbag leaks, the carbon dioxide will diffuse to the top of the airbag from the leakage around the airbag. Then, the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the airbag is detected by the detection port above the airbag, and then the sealing performance of the airbag is judged, and the corresponding relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the airbag and the sealing performance is obtained.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description It is only an embodiment of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the provided drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an endotracheal tube experimental device provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solution of the utility model, the utility model will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

Please refer to FIG. 1 , which is a schematic structural diagram of an endotracheal tube experimental device provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The tracheal catheter experimental equipment provided by the utility model includes an airway simulation tube 1, the upper part of the first branch of the airway simulation tube 1 is provided with a vertical part that is vertically upward and can be inserted into a tracheal tube, and the airway The second branch of the simulation tube 1 is sealed in the horizontal direction with an artificial lung 4 for simulating the lungs. The first branch and the second branch communicate with the main pipe at the bottom of the airway simulation tube 1. The bottom of the main pipe Airtight, the lower part of the airway simulation tube 1 is provided with an input port 11 for introducing carbon dioxide, and the upper part of the vertical part is provided with a detection port 12 for detecting the concentration of carbon dioxide.

During the experiment, the endotracheal tube 3 was inserted into the vertical part, the air bag 35 of the endotracheal tube 3 blocked the vertical part, the detection port 12 was located above the air bag 35 , and the input port 11 was located below the air bag 35 . The endotracheal tube 3 is connected to the ventilator so as to ventilate into the airway simulation tube 1 .

The airway simulation tube 1 and the artificial lung 4 simulate the respiratory system of the human body. Specifically, the airway simulation tube 1 is a Y-shaped airway simulation tube 1, and the two branches extending upward from the Y-shaped airway simulation tube 1 are the first branch and the first branch. The second branch, which extends downwards, is the main pipe. Of course, users can also use T-shaped simulation tubes or other shapes of simulation tubes as needed.

The volume of the artificial lung 4 is variable, which can simulate the expansion and contraction of the lung space of the human body during breathing. The artificial lung 4 can be specifically a folded tube with one end sealed and the other end connected to the second branch, or a rubber air bag 35, etc. . Since the patient usually lies on the hospital bed during the treatment, the artificial lung 4 is set along the horizontal direction in this embodiment, so that the experimental model is more in line with the clinical condition of the patient.

The side wall of the airway simulation tube 1 can also be provided with a detection connection pipe and an input connection pipe vertically outward. The detection connection pipe and the input connection pipe are respectively connected to the detection port 12 and the input port 11. The detection connection pipe is connected to the carbon dioxide detection device. The connecting tube is connected with the carbon dioxide input device, and the carbon dioxide input device feeds carbon dioxide into the airway simulation tube 1, and the carbon dioxide detection device extracts the gas above the airbag 35, and measures the carbon dioxide concentration therein. For the carbon dioxide input device and the carbon dioxide detection device, reference may be made to the prior art , which will not be repeated here.

Clinically, the gas exhaled by the patient enters the airway from the lungs, and the gas contains a relatively high concentration of carbon dioxide. In this embodiment, the artificial lung 4 is connected to the second branch, and the input port 11 is arranged at the root of the second branch, which can better In order to simulate the situation that the patient's lungs exhale carbon dioxide, the input port 11 is arranged along the horizontal direction, which is the same as the air outlet direction of the artificial lung 4, which is in line with the clinical situation of the patient's breathing.

The endotracheal tube 3 is tubular, the lower part of the endotracheal tube 3 is covered with an air bag 35, and the endotracheal tube 3 is provided with an inflatable hole 31 for inflating the air bag 35 and is connected with an inflatable tube 32. The ventilator connecting channel 33 and the negative pressure suction channel 34 connected with the sputum aspirator. The specific structure of the endotracheal tube 3 can refer to the prior art.

In this embodiment, the human respiratory system is simulated by the airway simulation tube 1 and the artificial lung 4, the carbon dioxide exhaled by the patient is passed into the carbon dioxide simulation patient from the bottom of the air bag 35, and the carbon dioxide concentration leaked by the air bag 35 is detected by the detection port 12 on the top of the air bag 35, so that it can be determined Correspondence between airtightness of the airbag 35 and carbon dioxide concentration leaked from the airbag 35.

The carbon dioxide in the gas above the airbag 35 may overflow from the upper port of the vertical part, causing the dissipation of carbon dioxide. In order to reduce the dissipation of carbon dioxide and improve the accuracy of detection, the upper port of the vertical part is provided with a sealing cover 5 for sealing. The cover 5 is provided with a through hole for the endotracheal tube 3 to pass through, and the upper part of the vertical part is provided with a pressure balance tube 14 for maintaining pressure balance above the air bag 35 of the endotracheal tube 3 .

In this embodiment, the tracheal intubation tube 3 can pass through the via hole on the sealing cover 5. The sealing cover 5 can be specifically a rubber cover. The end surface of the sealing cover 5 is provided with a cross-shaped incision. The diameter is equal to the diameter of the tracheal intubation tube 3, and the end face of the sealing cap 5 is folded along the cross-shaped incision. After the folding, the through hole is enlarged, and the air bag 35 passes through the enlarged through hole, so that the sealing cap 5 is set on the endotracheal intubation tube. 3 perimeter. After the air bag 35 passes through the sealing cover 5 , the end surface is folded back to complete the installation of the endotracheal tube 3 . After the endotracheal tube 3 is installed, sealant or grease can be applied to the cross-shaped incision and the through hole to improve the sealing effect of the sealing cap 5 . The air bag 35 is inserted in the vertical part again, and the sealing cover 5 fastens the upper port of the vertical part to complete the sealing of the gas above the air bag 35 . Of course, other shapes of cutouts can also be provided on the sealing cover 5, which is not limited here.

The space between the endotracheal tube 3, the vertical part and the sealing cover 5 is airtight, but clinically the space between the glottis and the endotracheal tube 3 is not completely airtight, and the air pressure between the glottis and the endotracheal tube 3 is approximately equal to atmospheric pressure. In the state between the door and the endotracheal tube 3, the upper part of the vertical part in this embodiment is provided with a pressure balance tube 14, and the space above the air bag 35 in the vertical part is communicated with the atmosphere, so as to maintain the air pressure stability and pressure balance of this part The smaller diameter of the tube 14 results in a smaller amount of carbon dioxide dissipation.

Because the molecular weight of carbon dioxide is greater than the average molecular weight of air, in order to reduce the amount of carbon dioxide dissipated by the pressure balance tube 14 and improve the accuracy of measurement, in the present embodiment, the vertical side of the pressure balance tube 14 that is positioned at the opposite side above the detection port 12 on the side wall.

Clinically, secretions are often produced in the patient's respiratory tract. The sealing cover 5 of this embodiment is provided with a liquid injection port 51, through which liquid is injected into the vertical part to simulate the secretion of the human body. The parts are airtight, and the liquid stays above the air bag 35 after injection, and the liquid collector 15 is sealed and connected under the main pipe. Once the air bag 35 leaks, the liquid will flow down to the liquid collector 15 along the vertical part.

The liquid injection port 51 is opened only when liquid is injected, and the liquid injection port 51 can be blocked by a rubber plug or the like when the liquid injection operation is not performed.

The vertical portion and the liquid collector 15 in this embodiment are provided with scales, and the leakage of the air bag 35 can be read from the scale, and the leakage and the concentration of carbon dioxide can be compared to better determine the concentration of carbon dioxide and the airtightness of the air bag 35 Correspondence between.

Positive end-expiratory pressure is an important factor affecting the airtightness of the air bag 35. Clinically, an endotracheal tube is often used in conjunction with a ventilator to forcefully ventilate the patient through the ventilator. At this time, the pressure at the end of the airway is the positive end-expiratory pressure. The second branch is provided with a pressure detection tube 13, and the pressure detection tube 13 is connected with a pressure sensor and can measure end-expiratory air pressure.

The liquid above the air bag 35 will flow down along the first branch, and the pressure detection tube 13 is vertically arranged on the second branch. In the detection tube 13, liquids are prevented from affecting the pressure measurement results.

During the ventilation process of the ventilator into the airway simulation tube 1 , the change of the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the air bag 35 can be measured to determine the corresponding relationship between the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the air bag 35 and the change of the positive end-expiratory pressure.

Clinically, in order to prevent excessive secretions from accumulating above the air bag 35 , it is necessary to suck out the secretions above the air bag 35 through a sputum aspirator. Negative pressure suction is an important factor affecting the airtightness of the air bag 35. Negative pressure suction refers to the process in which the sputum aspirator sucks the excreted fluid. During the process of sucking the liquid above the air bag 35 by the sputum aspirator, the change of the carbon dioxide concentration of the gas above the air bag 35 can be measured. Determine the corresponding relationship between carbon dioxide concentration and negative pressure suction.

The utility model also includes a fixing bracket for fixing the Y-shaped airway simulation tube 1, and the fixing bracket includes a fixing column 6 connected with the vertical part. The fixed column 6 stands on one side of the Y-shaped airway simulation tube 1, and is fixed with the vertical part by a clamp, and the lower part of the fixed column 6 is fixed on the experimental platform.

The endotracheal catheter experimental equipment provided by the utility model is provided with a carbon dioxide input port 11 located below the air bag 35 and a carbon dioxide detection port 12 located above the air bag 35, through which the detection port 12 is used to detect leakage from the gap between the air bag 35 and the airway simulation tube 1 The concentration of carbon dioxide, thereby determining the quantitative relationship between the concentration of carbon dioxide and the tightness of the airbag 35.

It should be noted that in this specification, relational terms such as first and second are only used to distinguish one entity from several other entities, and do not necessarily require or imply any such relationship between these entities. Actual relationship or sequence.

The tracheal tube experimental equipment provided by the utility model has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the utility model. within range.

Claims (7)

1. A kind of endotracheal tube experiment equipment, it is characterized in that, comprise airway simulation tube (1), the top of the first branch of described airway simulation tube (1) is provided with vertical upwards and can insert endotracheal tube wherein In the vertical part, the second branch of the airway simulation tube (1) is sealed in the horizontal direction with an artificial lung (4) for simulating the lung, and the first branch and the second branch are connected to the airway The main pipe at the lower part of the simulation pipe (1) is connected, the bottom of the main pipe is airtight, the lower part of the airway simulation pipe (1) is provided with an input port (11) for introducing carbon dioxide, and the upper part of the vertical part is provided with a To detect the detection port (12) of carbon dioxide concentration. 2. The endotracheal tube experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the upper port of the vertical portion is provided with a sealing cover (5) for sealing, and the sealing cover (5) is provided with a sealing cover (5) for endotracheal intubation. The through hole through which the tube (3) passes, and the upper part of the vertical part is provided with a pressure balance tube (14) for maintaining pressure balance above the air bag (35) of the endotracheal tube (3). 3. The endotracheal tube experimental device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the pressure balance tube (14) is located on the side wall of the vertical part, and is opposite to the detection port (12), and the pressure balance tube (14) is opposite to the detection port (12). The tube (14) is positioned higher than said detection port (12). 4. The endotracheal tube experimental equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, the input port (11) is arranged at the root of the second branch and arranged along the horizontal direction. 5 . The endotracheal tube experimental equipment according to claim 2 , characterized in that, the sealing cover ( 5 ) is provided with a liquid injection port ( 51 ), and a liquid collector ( 15 ) is sealed and connected under the main pipe. 6. The endotracheal tube experimental device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, the second branch is provided with a vertically upward pressure detection tube (13). 7. The endotracheal tube experimental equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, it also includes a fixing bracket for fixing the airway simulation tube (1), and the fixing bracket includes a fixing bracket connected to the vertical part. column (6).