CN207735599U - A kind of high-frequency high-speed main shaft device of integrated Z axis - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a high-frequency and high-speed main shaft device integrating a Z axis, comprising: a shell, and a mandrel all arranged in the shell, a radial air bearing, an axial air bearing, a rotational torque motor and a linear motor ; The first end of the mandrel is coupled and connected with the linear motor through an axial air bearing. The rotary motion of the mandrel can be realized by the rotating torque motor. When the mandrel needs to move in the Z-axis direction, the coupling of the mandrel and the linear motor can be realized by passing gas into the axial air bearing, and then through the linear The operation of the motor can cause the mandrel to move axially. When the axial feed is not required, the air supply to the axial air bearing is stopped, so that the mandrel and the linear motor can be decoupled. Therefore, through the spindle device with the above structure, the rotary motion and the linear motion can be integrated inside the spindle device, thereby minimizing the inertia of the spindle device, thereby maximizing the acceleration.

Description

A high-frequency and high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of machine tool spindles, in particular to a high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating a Z axis.

Background technique

Traditional machine tool spindles mainly include spindles with rolling bearings as supporting elements, magnetic levitation spindles, hydrostatic spindles, and gas static spindles.

Among them, the main shaft with rolling bearing as the supporting element is the most common main shaft. It has low manufacturing cost, high rigidity and load bearing, but has large wear, short life and low precision. The magnetic levitation spindle has higher precision, less wear, and higher rigidity and bearing capacity, but its cost is expensive and its control is difficult, so it is rarely used. In comparison, hydrostatic and aerostatic spindles have moderate manufacturing costs, high precision, and high speed. However, due to the high viscosity of the hydraulic oil, the hydrostatic bearing spindle will cause serious heat generation, so it needs to be equipped with a cooling mechanism and a hydraulic station. Therefore, in terms of economy, feasibility of manufacture and use, the aerostatic spindle is an ideal choice.

The spindle of the ultra-precision machining machine tool generally adopts the static pressure air bearing spindle. The ultra-precision static pressure air bearing spindle uses a frameless torque motor to drive the rotor to rotate, so the frameless torque motor of the ultra-precision air bearing spindle is integrated with the main shaft in structure, so there is no traditional gear transmission and belt in the transmission. It is transmitted to the intermediate link, which makes the machine tool spindle system realize "zero gap transmission".

However, the existing air-bearing spindle needs to be coupled with the spindle through an external linear motor module to realize the movement of the spindle in the Z-axis (ie, the axial direction of the spindle), which not only has a complex structure, but also has a large volume.

Therefore, how to provide a high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating the Z-axis to improve its integration is a technical problem that those skilled in the art urgently need to solve.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating the Z-axis, which can effectively solve the problems of low integration of the existing spindle.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the utility model provides the following technical solutions:

A high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating the Z axis, comprising: a housing, and a mandrel, a radial air bearing, an axial air bearing, a rotary torque motor, and a linear motor all arranged in the housing;

The mandrel is supported and connected in the housing through the radial air bearing, the mover of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the mandrel, and the stator of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the housing Inside, the first end of the mandrel is coupled to the linear motor through the axial air bearing, the stator of the linear motor is fixed on the inner wall of the first end of the housing, and the linear motor The mover is connected to the axial air bearing, a cutter is connected to the second end of the mandrel, and a grating scale detection device for detecting the axial movement distance of the mandrel is also provided in the housing.

Preferably, the housing includes a first end shell, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, a third cylinder and a second end shell which are butted in sequence;

The linear motor and the grating ruler detection device are located in the first end shell;

The axial air bearing is located in the first cylinder;

the rotational torque motor is located within the second cylinder;

The radial air bearing is located in the first cylinder;

The second end shell is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the mandrel is provided with a tool clamping end, and the clamping end extends to the outside of the second end shell through the through hole.

Preferably, the mover of the linear motor is connected to the axial air bearing through a transition cylinder, the transition cylinder is provided with a grating scale mounting plate, and the stator of the linear motor is provided with a grating scale reading head mounting plate.

Preferably, the end of the first end of the mandrel is provided with a first flange, the outer wall of the first end of the mandrel is sleeved with an end cover, and the first flange is located at the end In the first chamber formed by the cover and the axial air bearing.

Preferably, the mover of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the core shaft through a radial force ring, a top ring and a lock nut.

Preferably, an annular boss is provided on the outer side of one end of the radial air bearing, the second end shell and the third cylinder are respectively connected to both sides of the annular boss, and the first end of the mandrel The two ends are provided with second flanges, and the second flanges are located in the second cavity formed by the second end shell and the annular boss.

Compared with the prior art, the above-mentioned technical solution has the following advantages:

The utility model provides a high-frequency high-speed spindle device integrating the Z axis, including: a housing, and a mandrel all arranged in the housing, a radial air bearing, an axial air bearing, a rotational torque motor and a linear Motor; the mandrel is supported and connected in the shell through radial air bearings, the mover of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the mandrel, the stator of the rotary torque motor is fixed inside the shell, and the first end of the mandrel passes through the axial The air bearing is coupled to the linear motor, the stator of the linear motor is fixed on the inner wall of the first end of the housing, the mover of the linear motor is connected to the axial air bearing, and the second end of the mandrel is connected with a tool, inside the housing A grating ruler detection device for detecting the axial movement distance of the mandrel is also provided.

Applying the main shaft device provided by the utility model, the rotational movement of the mandrel can be realized by rotating the torque motor. The mandrel and the linear motor can be coupled by injecting gas, and then the mandrel can be moved axially through the work of the linear motor. When the axial feed is not required, the air supply to the axial air bearing is stopped, so that The mandrel and linear motor are decoupled. Therefore, through the spindle device with the above structure, the rotary motion and the linear motion can be integrated inside the spindle device, thereby minimizing the inertia of the spindle device, thereby maximizing the acceleration.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the utility model or the technical solution in the prior art, the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are the present invention. For some embodiments of the utility model, those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

Fig. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a Z-axis integrated high-frequency and high-speed spindle device provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

The reference signs are as follows:

1 is the tool, 2 is the mandrel, 3 is the radial air bearing, 4 is the third cylinder, 5 is the second cylinder, 6 is the radial force ring, 7 is the top ring, 8 is the lock nut, 9 is the first cylinder, 10 is the axial air bearing, 11 is the first end shell, 12 is the transition cylinder, 13 is the stator of the linear motor, 14 is the mover of the linear motor, 15 is the grating ruler reading head mounting plate, 16 is a grating ruler mounting plate, 17 is an axial air bearing pad, 18 is an end cover, 19 is a mover of a rotary torque motor, 20 is a stator of a rotary torque motor, and 21 is a second end shell.

Detailed ways

As mentioned in the background art section, the current spindle device has a low level of integration.

Based on the above research, the embodiment of the utility model provides a high-frequency and high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis. The rotation of the spindle can be realized by rotating the torque motor. When the spindle needs to move in the direction of the Z-axis, The coupling between the mandrel and the linear motor can be realized by passing gas into the axial air bearing, and then the mandrel can move axially through the work of the linear motor. The axial air bearing is supplied with air, so that the mandrel and the linear motor can be decoupled. Therefore, through the spindle device with the above structure, the rotary motion and the linear motion can be integrated inside the spindle device, thereby minimizing the inertia of the spindle device, thereby maximizing the acceleration.

In order to make the above purpose, features and advantages of the utility model more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

In the following description, specific details are set forth in order to provide a full understanding of the present invention. However, the utility model can be implemented in many other ways different from those described here, and those skilled in the art can make similar extensions without violating the connotation of the utility model. Therefore, the utility model is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Please refer to FIG. 1 . FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional structural diagram of a Z-axis integrated high-frequency and high-speed spindle device provided by a specific embodiment of the present invention.

A specific embodiment of the present invention provides a high-frequency high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis, including: a housing, and a mandrel 2 all arranged in the housing, a radial air bearing 3, an axial air bearing The bearing 10 and the rotary torque motor and the linear motor; the mandrel 2 is supported and connected in the shell through the radial air bearing 3, the mover 19 of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the mandrel 2, and the stator 20 of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the shell Inside, the first end of the mandrel 2 is coupled to the linear motor through an axial air bearing 10, the stator 13 of the linear motor is fixed on the inner wall of the first end of the housing, the mover 14 of the linear motor and the axial air bearing The floating bearing 10 is connected, the second end of the mandrel 2 is connected with the tool 1 , and a grating ruler detection device for detecting the axial movement distance of the mandrel 2 is also provided in the housing.

In this embodiment, the high-speed rotational movement of the mandrel 2 can be realized by the rotating torque motor. The gas can be passed inside to realize the coupling between the mandrel 2 and the linear motor, and then set the axial feed frequency. Through the work of the linear motor, the mandrel 2 can be moved axially. When the axial feed is not required , stop supplying air to the axial air bearing 10 to decouple the mandrel 2 from the linear motor. Therefore, through the spindle device with the above structure, the rotary motion and the linear motion can be integrated inside the spindle device, thereby minimizing the inertia of the spindle device, thereby maximizing the acceleration.

In order to facilitate the assembly of the spindle device, the housing includes a first end shell 11, a first cylinder 9, a second cylinder 5, a third cylinder 4 and a second end shell 21 which are butted in sequence; a linear motor and a grating scale detection device Located in the first end shell 11; the axial air bearing 10 is located in the first cylinder 9; the rotary torque motor is located in the second cylinder 5; the radial air bearing 3 is located in the first cylinder 9; the second end The shell 21 is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the mandrel 2 is provided with a clamping end of the cutter 1, and the clamping end extends to the outside of the second end shell 21 through the through hole.

Further, the mover of the linear motor is connected to the axial air bearing 10 through the transition cylinder 12, the transition cylinder 12 is provided with a grating scale mounting plate 16, and the linear motor stator 13 is provided with a grating scale reading head mounting plate 15. The grating ruler detection device includes a grating ruler and a grating ruler reading head, the grating ruler is installed on the grating ruler mounting plate 16 , and the grating ruler reading head is installed on the grating ruler reading head mounting plate 15 .

Furthermore, the end of the first end of the mandrel 2 is provided with a first flange, the outer wall of the first end of the mandrel 2 is sleeved with an end cover 18, and the first flange is located between the end cover 18 and the shaft. into the first chamber formed by the air bearing 10 . Wherein the axial air bearing 10 includes a coupling body connected to the transition cylinder 12 and an axial air bearing pad 17, the axial air pad 17 is arranged between the first flange and the coupling body, and the first chamber should keep the air Tightness.

Specifically, the mover 19 of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the core shaft 2 through the radial force ring 6 , the top ring 7 and the lock nut 8 .

In order to limit the axial displacement of the spindle device, an annular boss is provided outside one end of the radial air bearing 3, the second end shell and the third cylinder 4 are respectively connected to both sides of the annular boss, and the second end of the mandrel 2 A second flange is provided on the upper part, and the second flange is located in the second chamber formed by the second end shell 21 and the annular boss. It can be understood that the axial displacement of the spindle device is limited within the axial length of the second chamber.

In addition, the spindle device provided by the above embodiments can be applied to PCB drilling and milling equipment to improve the precision of PCB drilling and milling.

Each embodiment in this specification is described in a progressive manner, each embodiment focuses on the difference from other embodiments, and the same and similar parts of each embodiment can be referred to each other.

The high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating the Z axis provided by the utility model has been introduced in detail above. In this paper, specific examples are used to illustrate the principle and implementation of the present utility model, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the utility model. within range. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (6)

1. A high-frequency, high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis, characterized in that it comprises: a housing, and a mandrel, a radial air bearing, an axial air bearing and a rotary torque motor all arranged in the housing and linear motors; The mandrel is supported and connected in the housing through the radial air bearing, the mover of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the mandrel, and the stator of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the housing Inside, the first end of the mandrel is coupled to the linear motor through the axial air bearing, the stator of the linear motor is fixed on the inner wall of the first end of the housing, and the linear motor The mover is connected to the axial air bearing, a cutter is connected to the second end of the mandrel, and a grating scale detection device for detecting the axial movement distance of the mandrel is also provided in the housing. 2. The high-frequency and high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis according to claim 1, wherein the housing includes a first end shell, a first cylinder, a second cylinder, and a third cylinder that are butted in sequence and the second end shell; The linear motor and the grating ruler detection device are located in the first end shell; The axial air bearing is located in the first cylinder; the rotational torque motor is located within the second cylinder; The radial air bearing is located in the first cylinder; The second end shell is provided with a through hole, and the second end of the mandrel is provided with a tool clamping end, and the clamping end extends to the outside of the second end shell through the through hole. 3. The high-frequency and high-speed spindle device with integrated Z-axis according to claim 2, characterized in that, the linear motor mover is connected to the axial air bearing through a transition cylinder, and a grating is arranged on the transition cylinder A ruler mounting plate, the stator of the linear motor is provided with a grating ruler reading head mounting plate. 4. The high-frequency, high-speed spindle device integrating Z-axis according to claim 3, characterized in that, the end of the first end of the mandrel is provided with a first flange, and the first end of the mandrel An end cover is sheathed on the outer side wall, and the first flange is located in the first cavity formed by the end cover and the axial air bearing. 5. The high-frequency high-speed spindle device integrating Z-axis according to claim 4, characterized in that, the mover of the rotary torque motor is fixed on the mandrel by a radial force ring, a top ring and a lock nut . 6. The high-frequency and high-speed spindle device integrating Z-axis according to claim 5, characterized in that, an annular boss is provided outside one end of the radial air bearing, and the second end shell and the third end shell The cylinder is respectively connected to both sides of the annular boss, and the second end of the mandrel is provided with a second flange, and the second flange is formed by the second end shell and the annular boss. in the second chamber.