CN207689188U - Micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to micro- plastics sampling technique field, disclose micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater, the filter being connect including flowmeter and with flowmeter, filter is equipped with water inlet, water outlet and ultrasonic vibrator, filter water inlet is connect with flowmeter, and dismountable strainer is equipped between filter housings and ultrasonic vibrator, and the channel between shell and strainer connects water inlet, lead to water outlet in channel between strainer and ultrasonic vibrator, and housing bottom is equipped with valve.The technical program can be with micro- plastics in collection in worksite water body, the quantitative micro- plastics being enriched in large sample water body, for lab analysis detection, and this system sampling quantity is big, efficiently accurate, simplicity is flexible.

Description

A collection system for microplastics in seawater

technical field

The invention relates to a seawater microplastic sampling device, which belongs to the field of marine environment monitoring, in particular to a microplastic sampling system in seawater.

Background technique

Microplastics (Microplastics) are new types of environmental pollutants that have received widespread attention in recent years. At present, there is no uniform international standard for the definition of microplastics. It generally refers to plastic fragments or plastic particles with a particle size of less than 5 mm. Microplastics have relatively stable properties, small particle size, low density, large specific surface area, and strong hydrophobicity. They can exist in the environment for a long time and can migrate with external forces. They are ideal carriers for many hydrophobic organic pollutants and heavy metals. When microplastics are accidentally eaten by plankton and fish, they can stay in organisms for a long time, transfer and enrich in the food web, and eventually pass through the food chain and be eaten by humans, seriously affecting the marine ecosystem and human health. The abundance of microplastics in seawater samples is low, and generally requires pretreatment methods such as concentration and enrichment to be detected. At present, the devices and methods for collecting microplastics in water samples have not yet been standardized. Generally, trawling is used for sampling, or a large number of water samples are collected and filtered in the laboratory for analysis. Because most of the filter screens used in the trawl sampling method are plastic nets, which are easy to cause contamination, the accuracy of the sampled water sample volume cannot be guaranteed, and fixed-point sampling cannot be completed. After sampling, the collected samples cannot be completely exported, which is inconvenient for analysis.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a system capable of collecting microplastics in water bodies on-site in view of the above technical problems, which is realized through the following scheme.

The microplastic sampling system in seawater includes a flowmeter and a filter connected to the flowmeter. The filter is provided with a water inlet, a water outlet and an ultrasonic vibrator. The water inlet of the filter is connected to the flowmeter. Between the filter housing and the ultrasonic vibrator A detachable filter screen is provided, the channel between the housing and the filter screen is connected to the water inlet, the channel between the filter screen and the ultrasonic vibrator leads to the water outlet, and a valve is arranged at the bottom of the housing.

The water outlet of the filter is connected with the backwash liquid container and the filtered water sample container.

A one-way valve and a booster pump are arranged between the filter and the backwash liquid container.

A third water valve is arranged between the filter and the filtered water sample container.

The filter includes a first filter and a second filter, the first filter and the second filter have the same structure, and a second water valve and a pressure gauge are arranged between them.

A first water valve is arranged between the flow meter and the filter.

The liquid to be sampled is introduced into the sampling system through a water pump.

Preferably, the filter screen is seawater corrosion-resistant stainless steel.

Preferably, the filter housing is transparent quartz glass.

Preferably, the water pump and the water valve are stainless steel metal parts.

Both the first filter and the second filter are filters with a backwashing function. The filter screen used is made of seawater corrosion-resistant stainless steel, which is a replaceable material, and the metal material will not affect the analysis and detection of microplastics. The filter screen has a variety of pore sizes and can be replaced according to the different needs of detecting and analyzing microplastics. The filter housing is threaded with the filter head, and the liquid flowing in from the water inlet can only flow out from the water outlet through the filter screen. It is transparent quartz glass, and the enrichment status of the water sample can be observed at any time. Equipped with an ultrasonic vibrator, it assists the detachment of particles deposited on the filter screen during backwashing. When the water sample is filtered, the valve is closed, the water sample enters the filter from the water inlet, and is discharged from the water outlet through the filter screen, and the particles larger than the pore size of the filter screen will be enriched in the filter. After the required amount of water sample is filtered, open the valve to collect the sample, and at the same time pour backwash liquid from the water outlet, turn on the ultrasonic wave, and the particles deposited on the filter can be cleaned, and the backwash liquid is collected into the sample storage bottle. In order to prevent the particles deposited on the filter screen from being completely separated from the filter screen, after a collection is completed, the filter screen can be saved and brought back to the laboratory for analysis. At the same time, replace the filter screen for the next collection.

The pipe fittings of the system are made of polytetrafluoroethylene pipes, and the joints, water pumps, water valves, etc. are made of stainless steel and other metal parts. Glass bottles are used for sample storage bottles and backwash liquid storage bottles. Minimize the impact of plastic materials as much as possible.

The seawater passes through the pre-filter, and under the action of the water pump, passes through the first water valve, the first filter, the second filter, etc., and finally enters the filtered water sample bottle for storage, or it can be directly discharged. The water inlet is optional in the sampling water layer. The first water valve is equipped with a pressure relief valve. If the pressure exceeds the limit, the water can be discharged through the pressure relief valve to ensure the safety of the sampling system.

When collecting water samples, the pore size of the first filter screen is set to 5mm, and the pore size of the second filter can be set to 0.05mm, or other required pore sizes. Eligible microplastic particles are enriched between the first filter and the second filter. As the filtration progresses, the second filter screen may become clogged and the water pressure gradually increases. The pressure gauge monitors the water pressure in real time. When the water pressure rises to the critical pressure, the second water valve and the third water valve are closed, and the second filter valve is opened. After collecting the required amount of samples, the enriched samples are into the sample storage bottle. Then turn on the booster pump and ultrasound, use the washing liquid to backwash under the action of ultrasound, and collect them together into the sample storage bottle. Close the valve of the second filter, open the second water valve and the third water valve to continue collecting water samples, and the above steps can be repeated. According to the counts of the flowmeter, the samples that were initially concentrated and enriched were collected for many times, and then stored and brought back to the laboratory for analysis and testing after secondary filtration. A sample collection is completed. Multi-stage filters can be configured according to needs, and microplastic samples of different particle sizes can be collected according to the pore size of the filter mesh from large to small.

This technical solution can collect microplastics in water bodies on site, and quantitatively enrich microplastics in large samples of water bodies, which can be used for laboratory analysis and detection. The system has large sampling volume, high efficiency and accuracy, and is simple and flexible.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1: The front view of the structure of the filter in the microplastic sampling system in seawater of the present invention;

Figure 2: Structural cross-sectional view of the filter in the microplastic sampling system in seawater of the present invention;

Figure 3: Structural diagram of the sampling system for microplastics in seawater according to the present invention.

Among them: 1. Water inlet; 2. Water outlet; 3. Shell; 4. Filter screen; 5. Ultrasonic vibrator; 6. Valve; 7. Pre-filter; 8. Water pump; A water valve; 11. The first filter; 12. The second water valve; 13. Waste liquid; 14. Pressure gauge; 15. The second filter; 16. Sample storage bottle; 17. The third water valve; 18 .One-way valve; 19. Booster pump; 20. Backwash fluid; 21. Filtered water sample.

Detailed ways

According to the accompanying drawings 1-3, the technical solution will be further described.

Example 1

The seawater microplastic sampling device includes a flowmeter 9 and a filter connected to the flowmeter 9, the filter is provided with a water inlet 1, a water outlet 2 and an ultrasonic vibrator 5, the filter water inlet 1 is connected to the flowmeter 9, and the filter housing A detachable filter screen 4 is provided between the body 3 and the ultrasonic vibrator 5, the channel between the housing 3 and the filter screen 4 is connected to the water inlet 1, and the channel between the filter screen 4 and the ultrasonic vibrator 5 leads to the water outlet 2, A valve 6 is provided at the bottom of the casing 3 .

Example 2

On the basis of Example 1, the filter water outlet 2 is connected to the backwashing liquid 20 container and the filtered water sample container. A one-way valve 18 and a booster pump 19 are arranged between the filter and the backwash liquid 20 container. A third water valve 17 is provided between the filter and the filtered water sample container.

Example 3

On the basis of Embodiment 2, the filter includes a first filter 11 and a second filter 15, the first filter 11 and the second filter 15 have the same structure, and a first water valve 12 and a pressure gauge are arranged between them 14. A first water valve 10 is provided between the flow meter 9 and the filter. It also includes a water pump 8 through which the liquid to be sampled is introduced into the sampling system. The filter screen is seawater corrosion-resistant stainless steel, and the filter housing is transparent quartz glass.

Take the collection of microplastic samples of 0.3mm-5mm in 1 cubic meter of seawater as an example. If the sampling location is remote, the abundance of microplastics in seawater is low, and it is not suitable for trawl sampling. It needs to collect a large number of water samples to complete Riddle. By using the device, on-site sampling can be completed conveniently and quickly. The main collection steps are as follows:

(1) The first filter 11 is equipped with a filter screen with a pore diameter of 5 mm, and the second filter 15 is equipped with a filter screen with a 0.3 mm diameter. Check and clean the flow system, and clear the reading of the flow meter 9;

(2) Place the water inlet of the pre-coarse filter 7 at the sampling site, turn on the water pump 8, and filter;

(3) After the flowmeter 9 monitors that the required water sample (1m ³ ) has been collected, close the first water valve 12, the third water valve 17 and the water pump 8;

(4) Open the valve of the second filter 15 to collect water samples;

(5) Turn on the booster pump 19, inject the backwash liquid 20 into the second filter 15, backwash the particles deposited on the filter screen, and turn on the ultrasound at the same time to assist the particles to escape from the filter screen;

(6) Collect the backwash solution 20 together into the sample storage bottle;

(7) Take out the filter, save it, and bring it back to the laboratory.

(8) During laboratory analysis, the filter screen should be cleaned first, and the cleaning solution and the collected water samples should be filtered with a 0.33mm filter screen for a second time. Finally, the desired sample is obtained.

The embodiment only illustrates the technical scheme of the present invention, rather than carrying out any limitation to it; Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those of ordinary skill in the art, the records of the foregoing embodiments can still be Modifications to the technical solutions, or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions claimed in the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater, it is characterised in that：The filter being connect including flowmeter and with flowmeter, mistake Filter is equipped with water inlet, water outlet and ultrasonic vibrator, and filter water inlet is connect with flowmeter, filter housings and ultrasonic vibrator Between be equipped with dismountable strainer, channel between shell and strainer connects water inlet, the channel between strainer and ultrasonic vibrator Lead to water outlet, housing bottom is equipped with valve.

2. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Filter water outlet connects Counter-flushing liquid container and water after filter sample container.

3. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Filter and counter-flushing liquid Check valve and booster pump are equipped between container.

4. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：Filter and water after filter sample Third water valve is equipped between container.

5. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Filter includes the first mistake Filter and the second filter, first filter is identical with the second filtration device structure, and the second water valve and pressure gauge are equipped between them.

6. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Flowmeter and filter it Between be equipped with the first water valve.

7. micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of seawater according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Further include water pump, waits adopting Collection liquid imports acquisition system by water pump.

8. according to micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of any seawater of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：Strainer is resistance to sea Aqueous corrosion stainless steel.

9. according to micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of any seawater of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：Filter housings For transparency silica glass.

10. according to micro- plastics acquisition system in a kind of any seawater of claim 1-7, it is characterised in that：Water pump and water Valve is stainless steel metal part.