CN207662638U - 3D Wheel Aligner for Long Wheelbase Vehicles - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a 3D wheel positioning instrument for a long-wheelbase vehicle, which mainly comprises a target, a camera, a push-pull mechanism and a positioning computer; the number of the target targets is the same as the row number of the wheels of the vehicle, namely 1 target is respectively arranged on the leftmost wheel and the rightmost wheel of each row, and each target is vertically clamped on the wheel hub in a plate shape; 2, the cameras are arranged on the left front side and the right front side of the vehicle, and the data output ends of the cameras are connected with the positioning computer; the push-pull mechanism adopts a front-mounted and/or rear-mounted mode and is clamped at the front end and/or the rear end of the vehicle through a fixing clamp. The cart is pulled to roll forwards or backwards through mechanical transmission, so that the vibration of the starting of the cart engine is reduced, the camera can stably capture the change of the target image clamped on the tire to calculate to obtain the technical parameters of the tire, and the 3D locator can be applied to the cart.

Description

3D Wheel Aligner for Long Wheelbase Vehicles

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of 3D wheel aligners, in particular to a 3D wheel aligner for long-wheelbase vehicles.

Background technique

The car wheel alignment instrument is used to detect the car wheel alignment parameters, and compare with the original design parameters, guide the user to adjust the wheel alignment parameters accordingly, so that it meets the original design requirements, so as to achieve the precise measurement of the ideal car driving performance instrument.

At present, the 3D locators on the market can only realize the wheel alignment of small cars, but cannot locate the wheels of large long-wheelbase vehicles such as ordinary passenger cars, trucks, medium-sized and above trucks, and large special-purpose vehicles. The main reasons are as follows:

1. The measurement principle of the existing 3D locator determines that the tire must be rotated or rolled for a short distance to accurately extract the central axis of the wheel. Due to the large curb weight of the cart, it cannot be rolled by manual carts like a small cart , but can only start the engine to drive the cart tires to roll. The vibration of the engine will greatly interfere with the target clamped on the tire, resulting in eccentricity and unclear images, which will cause the camera to fail to capture or identify the target correctly. , the measurement data has a large deviation;

2. The cameras used in the existing 3D locators generally can only shoot target images indoors, and the target images taken outdoors are easily interfered by strong outdoor light, so the target cannot be effectively identified and the measurement accuracy will be affected. ; Due to their large size, large vehicles are mostly maintained and adjusted in the open air, and rarely drive indoors for tire positioning measurement or adjustment;

3. The farthest distance of the existing 3D locator camera to identify the target is less than 8 meters. For vehicles with a long wheelbase of more than 10 meters, it is difficult for the binocular camera to identify all the objects clamped on the tire from one direction. All targets.

Utility model content

The utility model aims to solve the problem that the existing 3D locator cannot be applied to the wheel alignment of a large vehicle with a long wheelbase, and provides a 3D wheel locator for a long wheelbase vehicle.

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

The 3D wheel aligner for long-wheelbase vehicles includes a locator body, and the locator body is mainly composed of a target, a camera, a push-pull mechanism and a positioning computer; the number of the target is the same as the number of rows of wheels of the vehicle, that is, each row One target target is installed on the leftmost and rightmost wheels of the vehicle, and each target target is clamped vertically on the wheel hub of the wheel in the shape of a plate; the camera includes a left camera and a right camera; the left camera is installed on the vehicle The left front side of the vehicle, and the left camera is facing the target installed on the left wheel of the vehicle, and simultaneously collects the images of all the targets installed on the left wheel of the vehicle; the right camera is installed on the right front side of the vehicle, and the right camera is facing the installation The target target on the right wheel of the vehicle, and simultaneously collect the images of all target targets installed on the right wheel of the vehicle; the data output terminals of the left camera and the right camera are connected with the positioning computer; the push-pull mechanism adopts front and/or rear When the push-pull mechanism adopts the front mode, the fixed end of the push-pull mechanism is fixed in front of the vehicle, and the movable end of the push-pull mechanism is clamped at the front end of the vehicle by the fixing clip; when the push-pull mechanism adopts the rear mode, the push-pull mechanism The fixed end of the mechanism is fixed directly behind the vehicle, and the movable end of the push-pull mechanism is clamped at the rear end of the vehicle by a fixing clip.

In the above scheme, the push-pull mechanism is an electric hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod or a cylinder.

In the above solution, a grating film is added in front of the lens of the left camera and the right camera.

In the above solution, the distance between the left camera and the right camera is greater than the distance between the target target on the left side of the vehicle and the target target on the right side of the vehicle.

In the above scheme, the target is composed of a substrate, a reflective layer and a matte layer; the reflective layer is located between the substrate and the matte layer; the surface of the reflective layer is a smooth reflective surface, and the surface of the matte layer is a non-smooth matte surface ; There is a target surface pattern on the matt layer, and the target surface pattern is composed of a non-transparent surface covering the entire matt layer and a light-transmitting hole embedded in the non-transparent surface.

In the above solution, the diameter of the light transmission hole installed on the target target on the front row of wheels is smaller than the diameter of the light transmission hole on the target target installed on the rear row of wheels.

In the above solution, the target surface pattern on the target takes the center of the entire target surface as the coordinate origin of the XY axis, and is axisymmetric about the X axis and the Y axis at the same time.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following characteristics:

1. Pull the cart forward or backward through mechanical transmission, reducing the vibration of the cart engine start, so that the camera can smoothly capture the target image changes clamped on the tire for positioning calculation, and obtain the tire technology parameters, making it possible to apply the 3D locator to the cart;

2. By matting the surface of the target and using a grating film filter in front of the camera lens, the interference caused by outdoor sunlight on image acquisition is reduced, so that the 3D locator can be used normally outdoors;

3. By redesigning the target surface pattern of the target, on the premise that the target specification is no longer enlarged, by increasing the diameter of the coordinate dot (that is, the light hole), the camera can clearly identify the target in a relatively long range .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a 3D wheel aligner for a long-wheelbase vehicle.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Figure 3 is a side view of the target.

Fig. 4 is the front view of the target; (a) the auspicious target HS; (b) the auspicious PS target; (c) the rising sun target RS; (d) the auspicious target TS; (e) the wishful target MS.

Numbers in the figure: 1. target, 1-1, substrate, 1-2, reflective layer, 1-3, matt layer, 1-4, non-transparent surface, 1-5, light-transmitting hole, 2. camera , 3, wheels, 4, push-pull mechanism, 5, fixed clip.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the utility model clearer, the utility model will be further described in detail below in combination with specific examples and with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the directional terms mentioned in the examples, such as "upper", "lower", "middle", "left", "right", "front", "rear", etc., are only referring to the directions of the drawings. Therefore, the directions used are only used for illustration and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model.

A long-wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel aligner, as shown in Figures 1 and 2, is mainly composed of a target 1, a camera 2, a push-pull mechanism 4 and a positioning computer.

The push-pull mechanism 4 adopts a front and/or rear arrangement. When the push-pull mechanism 4 adopts the front mode, the fixed end of the push-pull mechanism 4 is fixed in front of the vehicle. The movable end of the push-pull mechanism 4 is clamped at the front end of the vehicle by the fixing clip 5, and preferably fixed at the left-right symmetrical center of the front end of the vehicle. When the push-pull mechanism 4 adopts the rear mode, the fixed end of the push-pull mechanism 4 is fixed directly behind the vehicle. The movable end of the push-pull mechanism 4 is clamped at the rear end of the vehicle by the fixing clip 5, and preferably fixed at the left-right symmetrical center of the rear end of the vehicle. In the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , both front and rear push-pull mechanisms 4 are used. In the present utility model, the push-pull mechanism 4 is an electric hydraulic cylinder, an electric push rod or an air cylinder. The push-pull mechanism 4 is placed on the front end and/or rear end of the cart. When the wheels 3 are required to roll, the push-pull mechanism 4 is activated to pull the cart forward or backward about 10 to 20 centimeters, and the vehicle is parked on the corner plate. Since the curb weight of the cart is generally about 10 tons, and the maximum is not more than 14 tons, the rolling friction coefficient between the wheels 3 of the cart and the ground is: 0.018 for good asphalt or concrete roads, and 0.018 for general asphalt or concrete roads. ~0.020. Taking ordinary cement ground or asphalt ground as an example, the coefficient of rolling friction between rubber tires and the ground is less than 0.02. The pulling force is calculated according to the curb weight of 15 tons, and the coefficient of rolling friction is calculated according to 0.02. At this time, only a push-pull mechanism 4 with a pulling force greater than 300N is needed to push (pull) the cart to move forward (backward). The utility model pulls the cart to roll forward through mechanical transmission, reduces the vibration of the cart engine start-up, and allows the camera 2 to smoothly capture the image changes of the target 1 clamped on the tire for positioning calculation, and obtain the technical parameters of the tire.

The number of targets 1 is the same as the number of rows of wheels 3 of the vehicle, that is, one target 1 is installed on the leftmost and rightmost wheels 3 of each row. Each target 1 is clamped vertically on the wheel hub of the wheel 3 in a plate shape, that is, the plane of the target 1 is perpendicular to the circular plane of the side surface of the wheel 3 . In order to enable the camera 2 to clearly identify the target 1 in a relatively distant place (10 meters to 15 meters), the target 1 is composed of a substrate 1-1, a reflective layer 1-2 and a matte layer 1-3 . Considering that the PET material has good light transmittance and can reduce the attenuation of the reflective effect of the material on the reflective film, the substrate 1 - 1 of the target 1 is made of PET material. The reflective layer 1-2 and the matt layer 1-3 are made of film-like materials. The surface of the reflective layer 1-2 is a film-like material with a smooth reflective surface, and the surface of the matte layer 1-3 is a film-like material with a non-smooth matte surface. The reflective layer 1-2 is located between the substrate 1-1 and the matte layer 1-3, so that the substrate 1-1 behind the reflective layer 1-2 can solve the blackness problem of shading, while the substrate before the reflective layer 1-2 The optical layers 1-3 can effectively prevent light reflection, thereby effectively solving the problem that the light reflection and refraction on the surface of the target 1 will affect the measurement accuracy. See Figure 3.

In order to allow the camera to effectively identify, a target surface pattern is printed on the matt layer 1-3, and the target surface pattern is composed of a non-transparent surface 1-4 and a plurality of light-transmitting holes 1-5. The non-translucent surface 1-4 is a dark coating that cannot transmit light and covers the entire surface of the matte layer 1-3. The light-transmitting hole 1-5 is a transparent coating capable of light transmission, and is embedded in the middle of the non-light-transmitting surface 1-4. The coordinate position of the light transmission hole 1-5 is combined with the positioning algorithm in the positioning computer, and the camera 2 realizes positioning by capturing the target surface pattern on the target target 1, especially the coordinate position of the light transmission hole 1-5 of the target surface pattern solve. In order to allow the target 1 to stop at different positions without affecting the acquisition of the camera 2, the target surface pattern on the target 1 takes the center of the surface of the entire target 1 as the origin of the coordinates of the XY axis, and at the same time, it is aligned with the X axis and the Y axis. symmetry. When locating the wheels 3 of the same vehicle, both the target targets 1 with the same target pattern can be installed on all the wheels 3 of the vehicle; it is also possible to install targets with different target patterns on different wheels 3 of the vehicle. The target target 1 of the vehicle; and the target target 1 with the same target surface pattern can be installed on the same row of the vehicle, and the target with different target surface patterns can be installed on different rows. In the present utility model, the target surface pattern of the selected target 1 can be the auspicious target HS shown in Figure 4(a), the Hexiang PS target shown in Figure 4(b), and the auspicious PS target shown in Figure 4(c) The rising sun target RS shown in Figure 4(d), the Tuxiang target TS shown in Figure 4(d) and/or the Ruyi target MS shown in Figure 4(e). In order to further enable the camera 2 to clearly identify the target target 1 within a range of 15 meters, target targets 1 of different specifications (5 inches, 8 inches and 12 inches) are respectively used on the wheels 3 of different rows from the rear of the camera, wherein The specifications of Jixiang HS and Hexiang PS are 5 inches, the specifications of Rising Sun RS and Tuxiang are 8 inches, and the specifications of Ruyi MS are 12 inches. Let the target targets 1 installed on the same row of wheels 3 be the same, and the target targets 1 installed on the front row of wheels 3 are different from the target targets 1 installed on the rear row, wherein the target targets 1 installed on the front row of wheels 3 The diameter of the light transmission hole 1-5 is less than the diameter of the light transmission hole 1-5 on the target target 1 that is installed on the rear wheel 3. In addition, the utility model also redesigns the coordinate system of the light-transmitting hole of the target target 1, adopts the center of the whole target surface pattern of the target target 1 to be provided with a central light-transmitting hole 1-5, and in the center light-transmitting hole 1 The relatively inner side of -5 surrounds an even number (such as 4 or 8) inner light transmission holes 1-5, and the relative outer side of the central light transmission hole 1-5 surrounds an even number (such as 12, 20 or 24) outer light-transmitting holes 1-5. Now take a long-wheelbase vehicle with 4 rows of wheels 3 as an example, install the auspicious target HS as shown in Figure 4 (a) or the Hexiang PS target as shown in Figure 4 (b) on the front row of wheels 3 of the vehicle , the auspicious target HS and the Hexiang PS target are suitable for a distance of 1.2 meters to 4 meters; the sunburst target RS shown in Figure 4 (c) is installed on the second front wheel 3 of the vehicle, and the sunburst target RS is suitable for a distance of 1.8 meters to 4 meters. 6 meters; the second rear wheel 3 of the vehicle is installed with a picture target TS as shown in Figure 4 (d), and the picture target TS is suitable for a distance of 2.5 meters to 8 meters; The wishful target MS shown in Fig. 4(e), the wishful target MS is suitable for a distance of 4 meters to 13 meters.

The camera 2 includes a left camera and a right camera. The left camera is installed on the left front side of the vehicle and faces the target 1 installed on the left wheel 3 of the vehicle. The right camera is installed on the right front side of the vehicle, and faces the target 1 installed on the vehicle right side wheel 3 . In order to allow the left camera to simultaneously collect images of all targets 1 installed on the left wheel 3 of the vehicle, and to allow the right camera to simultaneously collect images of all targets 1 installed on the right wheel 3 of the vehicle, the left camera and the right camera The center distance between them should be greater than the center distance between the target target 1 on the left side of the vehicle and the target target 1 on the right side of the vehicle. The data output ends of the left camera and the right camera are connected with the positioning computer. In the utility model, the left camera and the right camera can be realized by using two cameras 2, and at this time, the cameras adopt a fixed position mode; they can also be realized by using one camera 2, and at this time, the cameras adopt a position moving mode, that is, when the camera needs to be adjusted When the target 1 on the left side of the vehicle is collected, it is completed by moving the camera 2 to the left front side of the vehicle as the left camera; when the target 1 on the right side of the vehicle needs to be collected, the camera 2 is moved to the vehicle The front right side of the is done as the right camera. Considering that the wheelbase of the large car is longer (usually 10 to 12 meters), the requirements for the camera 2 and the target 1 are higher. In terms of the camera 2, a 5 million-pixel camera 2 is used to take pictures, and the camera 2 is set at 18 frames per second. Optionally 3 frames of the captured pictures are sent to the positioning computer as the calculation basis. In order to filter outdoor interference light sources, a grating film is added in front of the lens of the left camera and the right camera.

It should be noted that although the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are illustrative, they are not limitations of the present invention, so the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific embodiments. Without departing from the principles of the utility model, all other implementations obtained by those skilled in the art under the inspiration of the utility model are deemed to be within the protection of the utility model.

Claims (7)

1. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters, including position indicator ontology, characterized in that the position indicator ontology is mainly by target Target (1), camera (2), push-pull mechanism (4) and position computer are constituted；

The quantity of target (1) is identical as the number of rows of wheel (3) of vehicle, i.e., the wheel of the leftmost side and the rightmost side of each row (3) 1 target (1) is respectively installed, each target (1) is vertically clamped in en plaque on wheel (3) wheel hub on；

Camera (2) includes left camera and right camera；Left camera is mounted on the front left side of vehicle, and towards mounted on vehicle left side vehicle The target (1) on (3) is taken turns, left camera acquires the figure of all targets (1) on vehicle left side wheel (3) simultaneously Picture；Right camera is mounted on the forward right side of vehicle, and towards the target (1) being mounted on vehicle right side wheel (3), and right camera is same When acquire the images of all targets (1) on the vehicle right side wheel (3)；The data output end of left camera and right camera It is connect with position computer；

Push-pull mechanism (4) uses preposition and/or postposition mode；When push-pull mechanism (4) is using preposition mode, the push-pull mechanism (4) fixing end is fixed on the front of vehicle, and the movable end of push-pull mechanism (4) is clamped in front of the car by geometrical clamp (5)； When push-pull mechanism (4) uses postposition mode, the fixing end of the push-pull mechanism (4) is fixed on the dead astern of vehicle, push-pull mechanism (4) movable end is clamped in rear vehicle end by geometrical clamp (5).

2. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 1, characterized in that push-pull mechanism (4) is electronic liquid Cylinder pressure, electric pushrod or cylinder.

3. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 1, characterized in that the camera lens of left camera and right camera Before have additional Grating Film.

4. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that left camera and right camera it Between centre distance be more than centre distance between vehicle left side target (1) and vehicle right side target (1).

5. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 1, characterized in that target (1) is by substrate (1- 1), reflective layer (1-2) and matt layer (1-3) composition；Reflective layer (1-2) is located between substrate (1-1) and matt layer (1-3)；Instead The surface of photosphere (1-2) is smooth reflecting surface, and the surface of matt layer (1-3) is the matt surface of Non-smooth surface；Matt layer (1- 3) target surface pattern is printed on, the target surface pattern is by covering the non-transparent face (1-4) of entire matt layer (1-3) and being embedded non-transparent Multiple loopholes (1-5) composition in face (1-4).

6. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 5, characterized in that be mounted on front-seat wheel (3) Target (1) on loophole (1-5) diameter be less than be mounted on rear vehicle wheel (3) on target (1) on loophole The diameter of (1-5).

7. long wheelbase vehicle 3D wheel alignment meters according to claim 5, characterized in that target surface pattern on target (1) With the centre of surface of entire target (1) be XY axis coordinate origin, and simultaneously about X-axis and Y-axis axisymmetricly.