CN207589549U - A kind of maize harvesting machine four-wheel hydraulic driving device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a four-wheel hydraulic drive device for a corn harvester. The corn harvester includes a frame, a front drive axle, and a rear drive axle, and the front drive axle and the rear drive axle are respectively installed on the frame; the four-wheel hydraulic drive device The hydrostatic drive system is adopted, and the hydrostatic drive system includes an oil pump, a steering adjustment device and a motor. The oil pump is connected to the motor through an oil pipe, and the steering adjustment device is connected to the oil pump through a flexible shaft. The steering adjustment device is installed on the frame; the motor includes a hydraulic quantitative motor. And the hydraulic variable motor, the hydraulic quantitative motor is connected with the front drive axle, and the hydraulic variable motor is connected with the rear drive axle; the switch button for controlling the hydraulic variable motor is installed on the frame; it meets the needs of the machine on different roads between fields and roads. The driving needs of two-wheel drive also ensure safety; at the same time, it ensures a relatively long service life of the vehicle.

Description

Four-wheel hydraulic drive device for corn harvester

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of corn harvesters, in particular to a four-wheel hydraulic drive

moving device.

Background technique

The existing corn harvester is basically a mechanically driven corn harvester. When this type of corn harvester operates on slopes, muddy land, sandy land and snowy land, it often reduces the operating speed or even fails to complete the operation due to insufficient power. In areas with large weather changes such as Inner Mongolia in Northeast China, in years with a lot of rain, a large amount of economic losses will be caused because the corn harvester cannot work in the field; at present, the corn harvester in China basically adopts the traditional mechanical transmission walking system. Most of them are still two-wheel drive type. Two-wheel drive adopts mechanical two-speed gearbox, which brings about complex system, easy failure, uneven distribution of driving force, and insufficient driving adhesion. In the actual use of the driving process, there will be It causes great fatigue to the driver, and at the same time, because it is a two-wheel drive, it will also cause difficulty in walking on wet and soft ground, and serious slippage occurs.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a four-wheel hydraulic drive device for corn harvesters, which solves the system complex problems caused by the two-wheel drive using a mechanical two-speed gearbox, and has the advantages of reasonable design, large traction force, and high degree of automation. advantage.

The above-mentioned technical purpose of the utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A four-wheel hydraulic drive device for a corn harvester. The corn harvester includes a frame, a front drive axle, and a rear drive axle, and the front drive axle and the rear drive axle are respectively installed on the frame;

The four-wheel hydraulic driving device adopts a hydrostatic drive system. The hydrostatic drive system includes an oil pump, a steering adjustment device and a motor. The oil pump is connected to the motor through an oil pipe. The steering adjustment device is connected to the oil pump through a flexible shaft. The steering adjustment device is installed on the frame. superior;

The motor includes a hydraulic quantitative motor and a hydraulic variable motor, the hydraulic quantitative motor is connected to the front drive axle, and the hydraulic variable motor is connected to the rear drive axle;

A switch button for controlling the hydraulic variable motor is installed on the frame.

With the above technical solution, when in use, the engine starts, the engine drives the oil pump to work, the oil pump controls the hydraulic quantitative motor, and the hydraulic quantitative motor drives the front wheels to rotate through the front drive axle to realize the front wheel drive. The operator presses the button to control the hydraulic variable motor The switch button, the switch button controls the solenoid valve inside the hydraulic variable motor, the solenoid valve controls the hydraulic variable motor, the hydraulic variable motor drives the rear drive axle, and the rear drive axle drives the rear wheels, so that the rear wheels also have driving ability, thus realizing harvester Four-wheel drive, the four-wheel drive traction increases, the power of the whole machine increases, and it will not slip when walking on slopes, muddy land, sand and snow.

The operation and adjustment device controls the oil output of the oil pump to realize stepless speed change. At the same time, only two oil pipes are needed to realize the transmission connection between the oil pump and the hydraulic quantitative motor, and between the oil pump and the hydraulic variable motor. The transmission design is simple and convenient.

In this design scheme, hydraulic oil is used as the working medium to transmit power and control the hydraulic transmission. The hydraulic power is transmitted through the pressure and flow of the liquid. The volumetric hydraulic transmission uses the liquid under static pressure in the sealed volume to transmit power. It is characterized by small flow and high pressure. Therefore, the hydraulic system that uses high-pressure oil to transmit power is often called hydrostatic transmission.

The hydrostatic drive is to convert the mechanical energy of the engine to drive the oil pump into hydraulic energy, and the high-pressure liquid output by the oil pump enters the hydraulic quantitative motor and the hydraulic variable motor through the operating adjustment device, and converts the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy again to make the wheel rotate. a driving method.

The design structure is reasonable and easy to install. The oil pump and motor are connected by the oil pipe. Since the oil pipe itself is very soft, a flexible transmission is formed, which makes the structural layout flexible and convenient.

The main advantage of the hydrostatic drive device is that it can conveniently realize stepless speed change, and the range of speed ratio change is large, the operation is simple, and it can implement reverse driving and braking.

In this system, the oil pump is used in conjunction with the hydraulic quantitative motor and the hydraulic variable motor, and the harvester's walking and parking functions are realized by manipulating the regulating device.

It is further preferred that: the oil pump adopts a variable axial piston pump.

With the above technical solution, the oil pump adopts a variable axial piston pump, because the pump has a compact structure, variable displacement, high working pressure and transmission efficiency, and long working life.

It is further preferred that: a front drive gearbox is installed on the front drive axle, a rear drive gearbox is installed on the rear drive axle, and the front drive gearbox is divided into high speed and low speed.

By adopting the above technical solution, the speed of the low-speed gear is reduced, so that the corn harvester can walk on the mud road; the speed of the high-speed gear is increased, so that the corn harvester can walk on the road.

Further preferably, the steering adjustment device includes a joystick, a forward gear and a reverse gear, and the joystick is connected with the oil pump.

With the above technical solution, the control lever is pulled forward, and the engine drives the oil pump to work to generate high-pressure oil, which enters the hydraulic quantitative motor and drives the wheels to rotate through the front gearbox, and the machine moves forward.

When the joystick is pulled backward, the inclination angle of the swash plate in the oil pump is reversed, and the high-pressure oil generated by it drives the hydraulic quantitative motor to reversely rotate, driving the front gearbox to drive the wheels to also reverse, realizing the reverse function.

It is further preferred that the hydrostatic drive system is provided with a hydraulic closed circuit, the four-wheel hydraulic drive device also includes a travel hydraulic oil tank, the travel hydraulic oil tank is connected to an oil pump through an oil pipe, and the oil pump is connected to a hydraulic variable motor.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the oil circuit of the four-wheel hydraulic driving device inside the corn harvester belongs to a hydraulic closed circuit, which itself has a hydraulic braking function.

The walking hydraulic oil tank is mainly to supply oil to the whole pipeline, fill the whole pipeline with oil, and then start the whole device, the whole device starts to drive the oil pump to start, the hydraulic oil of the oil pump comes out from the oil outlet, enters the quantitative motor oil inlet and starts the quantitative motor , the hydraulic oil in the quantitative motor comes out from the oil outlet and returns to the oil inlet of the oil pump.

Further preferably, the engine and the oil pump are connected through a belt transmission.

By adopting the above technical solution, if the load of the entire vehicle is too large, the belt will slip, which can protect the oil pump well, thereby prolonging the service life of the oil pump and reducing the failure rate of the oil pump.

Further preferably, a solenoid valve is installed inside the hydraulic variable motor, and the solenoid valve is connected to the oil pump through an oil pipe.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the control of the oil circuit through the solenoid valve can realize switching between four-wheel drive and two-wheel drive, so as to adapt to the driving of the machine on different road surfaces between fields and highways.

More preferably: a filter is arranged on the oil circuit.

By adopting the above technical scheme, the filter filters impurities in the oil, so that the oil supply is smoother.

In summary, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

Through the cooperation of the engine, oil pump, hydraulic quantitative motor, front drive axle, front wheels, hydraulic variable motor, rear drive axle and rear wheels, it meets the four-wheel drive and two-wheel drive driving needs of the machine on different roads between fields and roads, and also Safety is guaranteed; at the same time, the service life of the vehicle is guaranteed to be relatively long.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the cross-sectional view of the whole device of the present embodiment, has schematically shown the working condition of the whole device;

Fig. 2 is the hydraulic principle diagram of the whole device of the present embodiment, has schematically shown the hydraulic principle of the whole device;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of partial pipeline installation in this embodiment, illustrating the connection state of the closed circuit;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the engine and the oil pump in this embodiment, showing the connecting device between the engine and the oil pump.

In the figure, 1. engine; 2. oil pump; 3. hydraulic quantitative motor; 4. hydraulic variable motor; 5. traveling hydraulic oil tank; 6. front drive axle; 7. rear drive axle; 8. solenoid valve; 9. oil pipe; 10. Belt drive; 11. Filter; 12. Front drive gearbox; 13. Rear drive gearbox; 14. Joystick.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of corn harvester four-wheel hydraulic drive device, corn harvester comprises frame, front drive axle 6, rear drive axle 7, and front drive axle 6 and rear drive axle 7 are installed on the frame respectively;

The four-wheel hydraulic driving device adopts a hydrostatic drive system. The hydrostatic drive system includes a steering adjustment device, a motor and an oil pump 2 installed on the engine 1. The oil pump 2 is connected to the motor through an oil pipe 9, and the steering adjustment device is connected to the oil pump 2 through a flexible shaft. , the manipulation adjustment device is installed on the frame;

The motor includes a hydraulic quantitative motor 3 and a hydraulic variable motor 4, the hydraulic quantitative motor 3 is connected to the front drive axle 6, and the hydraulic variable motor 4 is connected to the rear drive axle 7;

A switch button for controlling the hydraulic variable motor 4 is installed on the frame.

During use, the engine 1 starts, the engine 1 drives the oil pump 2 to work, the oil pump 2 controls the hydraulic quantitative motor 3, and the hydraulic quantitative motor 3 drives the front wheels to rotate through the front drive axle 6 to realize the front wheel drive. The switch button of the hydraulic variable motor 4, the switch button controls the solenoid valve 8 inside the hydraulic variable motor 4, the solenoid valve 8 controls the hydraulic variable motor 4, the hydraulic variable motor 4 drives the rear drive axle 7, and the rear drive axle 7 drives the rear wheels, thereby making The rear wheel also has driving ability, so as to realize the four-wheel drive of the harvester, the traction force of the four-wheel drive is increased, and the driving force of the whole machine is increased, and it will not slip when walking on slopes, muddy land, sandy ground and snowy ground.

The control device controls the oil volume output by the oil pump 2 to achieve stepless speed change. At the same time, only two oil pipes 9 are needed to realize the transmission connection between the oil pump 2 and the hydraulic quantitative motor 3, and between the oil pump 2 and the hydraulic variable motor 4. The transmission design is simple. convenient.

In this design scheme, hydraulic oil is used as the working medium to transmit power and control the hydraulic transmission. The hydraulic power is transmitted through the pressure and flow of the liquid. The volumetric hydraulic transmission uses the liquid under static pressure in the sealed volume to transmit power. It is characterized by small flow and high pressure. Therefore, the hydraulic system that uses high-pressure oil to transmit power is often called hydrostatic transmission.

The hydrostatic drive is to convert the mechanical energy of the engine 1 to drive the oil pump into hydraulic energy, and the high-pressure liquid output by the oil pump enters the hydraulic quantitative motor 3 and the hydraulic variable motor 4 through the operating adjustment device, and converts the hydraulic energy into mechanical energy again to make the wheels rotate. A driving mode of motion.

The design structure is reasonable and easy to install. The oil pump 2 and the motor are connected by the oil pipe 9. Since the oil pipe 9 itself is very soft, a flexible transmission is formed, which makes the structural layout flexible and convenient.

The main advantage of the hydrostatic drive device is that it can conveniently realize stepless speed change, and the range of speed ratio change is large, the operation is simple, and it can implement reverse driving and braking.

In this system, the oil pump is used in conjunction with the hydraulic quantitative motor 3 and the hydraulic variable motor 4, and the harvester's walking and parking functions are realized by manipulating the regulating device.

As shown in Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 3, the oil pump 2 adopts a variable variable axial piston pump.

During use, the oil pump 2 adopts a variable variable axial piston pump, because the pump has a compact structure, variable displacement, high working pressure and transmission efficiency, and long working life.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a front drive gearbox 12 is installed on the front drive axle 6, and a rear drive gearbox 13 is installed on the rear drive axle 7. The front drive gearbox 12 is divided into high speed and low speed two gears.

During use, the speed of the low gear is reduced, so that the corn harvester can walk on the mud road; the speed of the high gear is increased, which is beneficial for the corn harvester to walk on the road.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the steering adjustment device includes a joystick 14 , a forward gear and a reverse gear, and the joystick 14 is connected with the oil pump 2 .

During use, the joystick 14 is pulled forward, and the engine 1 drives the oil pump 2 to work to generate high-pressure oil into the hydraulic quantitative motor 3, which drives the wheels to rotate through the front drive gearbox 12, and the machine moves forward.

When the joystick 14 is pulled backward, the inclination angle of the swash plate in the oil pump 2 is reversed, and the high-pressure oil generated by it drives the hydraulic quantitative motor 3 to reversely rotate and drives the front drive gearbox 12 to drive the wheels to also reverse to realize the reverse function.

As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, the hydrostatic drive system is provided with a hydraulic closed loop, and the four-wheel hydraulic drive device also includes a traveling hydraulic oil tank 5, which is connected to the oil pump 2 through the oil pipe 9, and the oil pump 2 is connected to the hydraulic variable motor 4 connections.

During use, the oil circuit of the four-wheel hydraulic drive device inside the corn harvester belongs to a hydraulic closed circuit, which itself has a hydraulic braking function.

The walking hydraulic oil tank 5 is mainly to supply oil to the entire pipeline, fill the entire pipeline with oil, and then start the whole device, the whole device starts to drive the oil pump 2 to start, the hydraulic oil of the oil pump 2 comes out from the oil outlet, and enters the quantitative motor 3 to enter the oil Port starts the quantitative motor 3, and the hydraulic oil in the quantitative motor 3 comes out from the oil outlet and then returns to the oil inlet of the oil pump 2.

As shown in FIG. 4 , the engine 1 and the oil pump 2 are connected through a belt transmission 10 .

During use, if the load of the whole car is too large, the belt will slip, which can protect the oil pump 2 well, thereby prolonging the service life of the oil pump 2 and reducing the failure rate of the oil pump 2.

As shown in FIG. 2 , a solenoid valve 8 is installed inside the hydraulic variable motor 4 , and the solenoid valve 8 is installed on the oil pipe 9 of the hydraulic variable motor 4 and the oil pump 2 .

During use, the control of the oil circuit through the solenoid valve 8 can be switched between four-wheel drive and two-wheel drive, so as to adapt to the driving of the machine on different road surfaces between fields and highways.

As shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , a filter 11 is provided on the oil pipe 9 .

During use, the filter 11 filters impurities in the oil, so that the oil supply is smoother.

Through the cooperation of the engine 1, the oil pump 2, the hydraulic quantitative motor 3, the front drive axle 6, the front wheels, the hydraulic variable motor 4, and the rear drive axle 7, the driving needs of the machine on different road surfaces between fields and roads are met. Safety is also guaranteed; at the same time, the service life of the vehicle is guaranteed to be relatively long.

This specific embodiment is only an explanation of the utility model, and it is not a limitation of the utility model. After reading this description, those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiment without creative contribution according to needs, but as long as it is within the utility model All new inventions are protected by patent law.

Claims (8)

1. a kind of corn harvester four-wheel hydraulic drive unit, described corn harvester comprises frame, engine (1), front drive axle (6), rear drive axle (7), described front drive axle (6) and The rear drive axle (7) is installed on the frame respectively, and the engine (1) is installed between the front drive axle (6) and the rear drive axle (7), and it is characterized in that: the four-wheel hydraulic driving device adopts static A hydraulic drive system, the hydrostatic drive system includes a steering adjustment device, a motor, and an oil pump (2) arranged on the engine (1), the oil pump (2) is connected to the motor through an oil pipe (9), and the steering adjustment device The oil pump (2) is connected through a flexible shaft, and the manipulation adjustment device is installed on the frame; the motor includes a hydraulic quantitative motor (3) and a hydraulic variable motor (4), and the hydraulic quantitative motor (3) is connected to the front drive The bridge (6) is connected, and the hydraulic variable motor (4) is connected with the rear drive axle (7); the switch button for controlling the hydraulic variable motor (4) is installed on the frame. 2. A four-wheel hydraulic driving device for a corn harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the oil pump (2) is a variable axial plunger pump. 3. A kind of four-wheel hydraulic drive device for corn harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: a front drive gearbox (12) is installed on the front drive axle (6), and the rear drive axle (7) ) is equipped with a rear drive gearbox (13), and the front drive gearbox (12) is divided into high-speed and low-speed two gears. 4. A four-wheel hydraulic drive device for a corn harvester according to claim 3, characterized in that: said steering adjustment device comprises a joystick (14), a forward gear and a reverse gear, and said joystick (14) and The oil pump (2) is connected. 5. A kind of corn harvester four-wheel hydraulic driving device according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described hydrostatic driving system is provided with hydraulic closed circuit, and described four-wheel hydraulic driving device also comprises walking hydraulic oil tank ( 5), the walking hydraulic oil tank (5) is connected to the oil pump (2) through the oil pipe (9), and the oil pump (2) is connected to the hydraulic variable motor (4). 6 . The four-wheel hydraulic driving device for corn harvester according to claim 5 , characterized in that: the engine ( 1 ) and the oil pump ( 2 ) are connected through a belt transmission device ( 10 ). 7. A four-wheel hydraulic driving device for a corn harvester according to claim 6, characterized in that: a solenoid valve (8) is installed inside the hydraulic variable motor (4), and the solenoid valve (8) is installed on The hydraulic variable motor (4) is connected to the oil pipe (9) of the oil pump (2). 8. A four-wheel hydraulic driving device for a corn harvester according to claim 7, characterized in that: the oil pipe (9) is provided with a filter (11).