CN207587965U - Multilayer Gradient Fractal Slot Graphene Antenna Structure for Mobile Digital TV - Google Patents
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构，它包括三层结构，第一层结构包括第一基板和贴覆在第一基板正面的第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片；第二层结构包括第二基板、贴覆在第二基板背面的天线接地板和贴覆在第二基板正面的第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片，天线接地板为全导电区域接地结构；第三层结构包括第三基板和贴覆在第三基板正面的第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片。本实用新型的目的在于提供一种回波损耗低、工作带宽大，能够完全覆盖移动数字电视11.700～12.200 GHz工作频段，有较大性能冗余的用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线。
The utility model relates to a multi-layer gradient fractal gap graphene antenna structure used for mobile digital television, which includes a three-layer structure, the first layer structure includes a first substrate and a first fractal gap sensor attached to the front of the first substrate Radiation patch; the second layer structure includes the second substrate, the antenna ground plate attached to the back of the second substrate and the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch attached to the front of the second substrate, the antenna ground plate is a fully conductive area Grounding structure; the third layer structure includes a third substrate and a second fractal gap induction radiation patch pasted on the front surface of the third substrate. The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-layer gradient fractal gap graphite for mobile digital TV with low return loss and large working bandwidth, which can completely cover the 11.700-12.200 GHz working frequency band of mobile digital TV and has relatively large performance redundancy. ene antenna.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构。The utility model relates to a multi-layer gradient fractal slot graphene antenna structure used for mobile digital television.
背景技术Background technique
移动数字电视是基于卫星收发信号的全新电视技术，主要用于高速行驶的车辆上。移动数字电视将高清电视技术、卫星通信技术、移动互联网、互动电视技术结合在一起，可以实现收看电视、点播视频、制作自媒体视频、远程多人互动、电视购物、车载游戏等功能，已覆盖了全国多个主要城市，在公共交通工具和私人汽车上已广泛使用。Mobile digital TV is a brand-new TV technology based on satellite sending and receiving signals, and is mainly used in high-speed vehicles. Mobile digital TV combines high-definition TV technology, satellite communication technology, mobile Internet, and interactive TV technology to realize functions such as watching TV, on-demand video, making self-media video, remote multi-person interaction, TV shopping, and car games. It has been widely used in public transportation and private cars in many major cities across the country.
天线设计及制造技术是移动数字电视系统的核心关键技术之一，天线的性能极大地影响了移动数字电视系统的工作性能及应用领域。根据国际电信联盟的频段划分，基于卫星传输的移动数字电视频段为11.700～12.200 GHz。移动数字电视天线必须完全覆盖11.700～12.200 GHz频段，并满足移动数字电视系统信号稳定、接收迅速、画面清晰、移动性强等要求。Antenna design and manufacturing technology is one of the key technologies of the mobile digital TV system, and the performance of the antenna greatly affects the working performance and application fields of the mobile digital TV system. According to the frequency band division of the International Telecommunication Union, the mobile digital TV frequency band based on satellite transmission is 11.700-12.200 GHz. The mobile digital TV antenna must completely cover the 11.700-12.200 GHz frequency band, and meet the requirements of mobile digital TV system signal stability, fast reception, clear picture, and strong mobility.
与本专利申请技术最接近的现有技术是用于移动数字电视的光子晶体阵列天线，它是本课题组的前期研究成果，目前已有1项实用新型专利授权：The closest existing technology to the technology of this patent application is the photonic crystal array antenna for mobile digital TV, which is the previous research result of our research group. Currently, one utility model patent has been authorized:
1. 林斌、陈娴、林宏健、林子健、寇国芃、乔丹洋、陈秉泽、王征增、朱巧丽，用于移动数字电视的光子晶体阵列天线，专利号：201520420399.9，已于2015年9月16日授权。1. Lin Bin, Chen Xian, Lin Hongjian, Lin Zijian, Kou Guopeng, Qiao Danyang, Chen Bingze, Wang Zhengzeng, Zhu Qiaoli, Photonic crystal array antenna for mobile digital TV, patent number: 201520420399.9, authorized on September 16, 2015.
该项专利使用的是单层阵列天线，使用FR4介质基板作为天线基质，使用铜、银、金或铝等金属制作天线接地板和辐射贴片。This patent uses a single-layer array antenna, uses FR4 dielectric substrate as the antenna substrate, and uses metals such as copper, silver, gold or aluminum to make the antenna ground plate and radiation patch.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种回波损耗低、工作带宽大，能够完全覆盖移动数字电视11.700～12.200 GHz工作频段，有较大性能冗余的用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构，改善天线的匹配性能，进一步增大天线的工作带宽，提高天线的辐射性能和工作稳定性。The purpose of this utility model is to provide a multi-layer gradient fractal gap graphite for mobile digital TV with low return loss and large working bandwidth, which can completely cover the 11.700-12.200 GHz working frequency band of mobile digital TV and has relatively large performance redundancy. The ene antenna structure improves the matching performance of the antenna, further increases the working bandwidth of the antenna, and improves the radiation performance and working stability of the antenna.
为了解决以上技术问题，本实用新型采用的具体技术方案如下：一种用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构，它包括三层结构，第一层结构包括第一基板和贴覆在第一基板正面的第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片；第二层结构包括第二基板、贴覆在第二基板背面的天线接地板和贴覆在第二基板正面的第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片，天线接地板为全导电区域接地结构；第三层结构包括第三基板和贴覆在第三基板正面的第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片。In order to solve the above technical problems, the specific technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows: a multi-layer gradient fractal slot graphene antenna structure for mobile digital television, which includes a three-layer structure, the first layer structure includes a first substrate and a sticker The first fractal slot induction radiation patch covered on the front of the first substrate; the second layer structure includes the second substrate, the antenna ground plate attached to the back of the second substrate, and the first fractal slot feeder attached to the front of the second substrate. The electrical radiation patch, the antenna grounding plate is a fully conductive area grounding structure; the third layer structure includes a third substrate and a second fractal gap induction radiation patch attached to the front of the third substrate.
进一步地，每层天线结构的大小为45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm，两层天线结构之间的距离为2 mm±0.1 mm。Further, the size of each antenna structure is 45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm, and the distance between two layers of antenna structures is 2 mm±0.1 mm.
进一步地，所述第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片、第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片和第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片均是在正方形辐射贴片的中央区域开出分形缝隙得到，开缝区域的大小为27 mm±1 mm×27 mm±1 mm。Further, the first fractal slot induction radiation patch, the second fractal slot induction radiation patch and the first fractal slot feed radiation patch are all obtained by opening a fractal slot in the central area of the square radiation patch. The size of the area is 27 mm ± 1 mm × 27 mm ± 1 mm.
进一步地，所述第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片使用1阶十字分形结构，第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片使用2阶十字分形结构，第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片使用3阶十字分形结构。Further, the first fractal slot induction radiation patch uses a first-order cross fractal structure, the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch uses a second-order cross fractal structure, and the second fractal slot induction radiation patch uses a third-order cross fractal structure .
进一步地，第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片的底边中心位置设有馈电点。Further, a feeding point is provided at the center of the bottom edge of the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch.
进一步地，所述第一基板、第二基板和第三基板均为低损耗透波陶瓷基板，相对介电常数为20-30。Further, the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate are all low-loss wave-transparent ceramic substrates with a relative permittivity of 20-30.
进一步地，所述第一基板、第二基板和第三基板的形状为矩形，尺寸是45 mm±1mm×45 mm±1 mm，厚度为1.5 mm±0.1mm。Further, the shape of the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate is rectangular, the size is 45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm, and the thickness is 1.5 mm±0.1 mm.
进一步地，所述天线接地板、第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片、第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片和第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片由石墨烯导电墨水印制而成。Further, the antenna ground plate, the first fractal slot induction radiation patch, the second fractal slot induction radiation patch and the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch are printed with graphene conductive ink.
与现有技术相比，本实用新型的有益效果是：Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
（1）使用三层天线结构，中层的馈电辐射贴片上有电流流过时，上、下层的感应辐射贴片上的金属部分会产生感应电流，只要适当调整各层天线之间的距离，就可使感应电流与馈电电流有相同或相近的相位。这时空间任一点的场都是馈电辐射贴片直接激发的场与感应辐射贴片激发的感应场的同相叠加，天线的辐射强度和工作带宽都将大大增加。(1) Using a three-layer antenna structure, when current flows through the feed radiation patch in the middle layer, the metal parts on the upper and lower induction radiation patches will generate induced current, as long as the distance between the antennas of each layer is adjusted appropriately, It can make the induced current and the feeding current have the same or similar phase. At this time, the field at any point in the space is the in-phase superposition of the field directly excited by the feed radiation patch and the induction field excited by the induction radiation patch, and the radiation intensity and working bandwidth of the antenna will be greatly increased.
（2）使用分形缝隙结构，将馈电辐射贴片和感应辐射贴片都设计为分形缝隙辐射贴片，可以在天线辐射贴片内部引入分形自相似变化规律，改善天线的带宽性能。利用三层天线的分形阶数的渐变可以实现天线辐射阻抗的渐变，改善天线的匹配性能，进一步增大天线的工作带宽。(2) Using the fractal slot structure, both the feed radiation patch and the induction radiation patch are designed as fractal slot radiation patches, which can introduce fractal self-similar variation rules inside the antenna radiation patch to improve the bandwidth performance of the antenna. The gradual change of the radiation impedance of the antenna can be realized by using the gradual change of the fractal order of the three-layer antenna, the matching performance of the antenna is improved, and the working bandwidth of the antenna is further increased.
（3）使用石墨烯导电墨水印制天线接地板和辐射贴片，可以保证天线有较好的辐射性能和很高的工作稳定性。(3) Using graphene conductive ink to print the antenna ground plate and radiation patch can ensure that the antenna has better radiation performance and high working stability.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构示意图；Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the graphene antenna structure of the multi-layer gradient fractal slot of the utility model for mobile digital television;
图2（a）为0阶十字分形结构；Figure 2(a) is the zero-order cross fractal structure;
图2（b）为1阶十字分形结构；Figure 2(b) is the first-order cross fractal structure;
图2（c）为2阶十字分形结构；Figure 2(c) is the second-order cross fractal structure;
图2（d）为3阶十字分形结构；Figure 2(d) is the third-order cross fractal structure;
图3为本实用新型第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片的分形结构；Fig. 3 is the fractal structure of the first fractal gap induction radiation patch of the utility model;
图4 为本实用新型第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片的分形结构；Fig. 4 is the fractal structure of the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch of the utility model;
图5为本实用新型第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片的分形结构；Fig. 5 is the fractal structure of the second fractal gap induction radiation patch of the present invention;
图6为本实用新型实施例的回波损耗（S11）性能图。Fig. 6 is a performance diagram of return loss (S11) of the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合说明书附图和实施例对本实用新型内容进行详细说明：Below in conjunction with description accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model content is described in detail:
一种用于移动数字电视的多层渐变分形缝隙石墨烯天线结构，它包括三层结构，第一层结构包括第一基板和贴覆在第一基板正面的第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片；第二层结构包括第二基板、贴覆在第二基板背面的天线接地板和贴覆在第二基板正面的第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片，天线接地板为全导电区域接地结构；第三层结构包括第三基板和贴覆在第三基板正面的第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片。A multilayer gradient fractal slot graphene antenna structure for mobile digital TV, which includes a three-layer structure, the first layer structure includes a first substrate and a first fractal slot induction radiation patch attached to the front of the first substrate; The second layer structure includes a second substrate, an antenna ground plate attached to the back of the second substrate, and a first fractal slot feeding radiation patch attached to the front of the second substrate. The antenna ground plate is a fully conductive area ground structure; The three-layer structure includes a third substrate and a second fractal gap-induced radiation patch attached to the front surface of the third substrate.
如图1所示，每层天线结构的大小为45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm，两层天线结构之间的距离为2 mm±0.1 mm。As shown in Figure 1, the size of each antenna structure is 45 mm ± 1 mm × 45 mm ± 1 mm, and the distance between the two antenna structures is 2 mm ± 0.1 mm.
第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片、第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片和第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片均是在正方形辐射贴片的中央区域开出分形缝隙得到，开缝区域的大小为27 mm±1mm×27 mm±1 mm。The first fractal gap induction radiation patch, the second fractal gap induction radiation patch and the first fractal gap feed radiation patch are all obtained by opening a fractal gap in the central area of the square radiation patch, and the size of the gap area is 27 mm±1mm×27mm±1mm.
十字分形结构的迭代过程如图2（a）图2（b）图2（c）图2（d）所示，其原始结构为正方形，将其等分为3行3列9个小正方形，将左上角、左下角、右上角、右下角四个小正方形挖去，剩下5个等分的正方形区域，则得到1阶十字分形结构。将1阶十字分形结构的5个正方形区域分别再做十字分形迭代，则得到2阶十字分形结构。按照这种方法继续迭代，则可得到高阶十字分形结构。The iterative process of the cross fractal structure is shown in Figure 2(a), Figure 2(b), Figure 2(c) and Figure 2(d). The original structure is a square, which is divided into 9 small squares with 3 rows and 3 columns. Dig out the four small squares in the upper left corner, lower left corner, upper right corner, and lower right corner, leaving 5 equally divided square areas, and then get the first-order cross fractal structure. The 5 square areas of the first-order cross fractal structure are re-do cross fractal iterations respectively, and then the second-order cross fractal structure is obtained. By continuing to iterate in this way, a high-order cross fractal structure can be obtained.
如图3、图4、图5所示,在本实施例中，第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片使用1阶十字分形结构，第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片使用2阶十字分形结构，第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片使用3阶十字分形结构。分形结构的整体和局部以及局部和局部之间都具有自相似性，具有宽频带工作特性。As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, and Figure 5, in this embodiment, the first fractal slot induction radiation patch uses a first-order cross fractal structure, and the first fractal slot feeding radiation patch uses a second-order cross fractal structure. The bifractal gap-induced radiation patch uses a 3rd order cross fractal structure. The fractal structure has self-similarity between the whole and the part as well as between the part and the part, and has the characteristic of broadband operation.
第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片的底边中心位置设有馈电点，第一基板、第二基板和第三基板均为低损耗透波陶瓷基板，相对介电常数为20-30，第一基板、第二基板和第三基板的形状为矩形，尺寸是45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm，厚度为1.5 mm±0.1mm，天线接地板、第一分形缝隙感应辐射贴片、第二分形缝隙感应辐射贴片和第一分形缝隙馈电辐射贴片由石墨烯导电墨水印制而成。The first fractal slot feeding radiation patch is provided with a feeding point at the center of the bottom edge, the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate are all low-loss wave-transparent ceramic substrates, and the relative permittivity is 20-30. The shape of the first substrate, the second substrate and the third substrate is rectangular, the size is 45 mm±1 mm×45 mm±1 mm, and the thickness is 1.5 mm±0.1 mm. The antenna ground plate, the first fractal gap induction radiation patch, The second fractal gap induction radiation patch and the first fractal gap feed radiation patch are printed with graphene conductive ink.
使用石墨烯导电墨水制作的印刷天线，接地板和辐射贴片中没有金属，不易被腐蚀，具有很高的工作稳定性。石墨烯材料具有很好的导电性，可以保证天线有较好的辐射性能。The printed antenna made of graphene conductive ink has no metal in the ground plate and radiation patch, which is not easy to be corroded and has high working stability. Graphene material has good electrical conductivity, which can ensure good radiation performance of the antenna.
图6给出了本实用新型实施例的回波损耗(S11)性能图。实测结果显示，本实用新型天线的工作中心频率为12.000 GHz，天线工作频带为10.026～14.938 GHz，工作带宽为4.912 GHz，相对带宽为39.35%，回波损耗最小值为-39.14 dB。实测结果显示，本实用新型天线完全覆盖了移动数字电视系统工作频段，同时满足回波损耗小、工作带宽大、抗破坏性能强、工作稳定性高等优点，能够在各种恶劣环境中保证移动数字电视信号的传输质量，在移动数字电视领域有广阔的应用前景。Fig. 6 shows the return loss (S11) performance diagram of the embodiment of the present invention. The actual measurement results show that the working center frequency of the utility model antenna is 12.000 GHz, the working frequency band of the antenna is 10.026-14.938 GHz, the working bandwidth is 4.912 GHz, the relative bandwidth is 39.35%, and the minimum return loss is -39.14 dB. The actual measurement results show that the antenna of the utility model completely covers the working frequency band of the mobile digital TV system, and at the same time satisfies the advantages of small return loss, large working bandwidth, strong anti-destructive performance, and high working stability, and can ensure mobile digital TV in various harsh environments. The transmission quality of TV signals has broad application prospects in the field of mobile digital TV.
与用于移动数字电视系统的常规天线比较，本实用新型结构具有突出的优点和显著的效果：本实用新型结构回波损耗最小值低达-39.14 dB，工作带宽高达4.912 GHz，性能冗余较大，能够在各种恶劣环境中保证移动数字电视信号的传输质量；本实用新型结构使用了具有自相似性的十字分形缝隙结构，具有很强的抗破坏性能，即使天线结构只剩下四分之一，天线仍然能够正常工作；本实用新型结构使用石墨烯导电墨水印制导电区域，避免了导电区域长时间工作后被腐蚀的风险，天线具有高度稳定可靠的工作性能。Compared with conventional antennas used in mobile digital TV systems, the structure of the utility model has outstanding advantages and remarkable effects: the minimum return loss of the structure of the utility model is as low as -39.14 dB, the working bandwidth is as high as 4.912 GHz, and the performance redundancy is relatively high. Large, can guarantee the transmission quality of mobile digital TV signals in various harsh environments; the structure of the utility model uses a cross fractal slot structure with self-similarity, which has strong anti-destructive performance, even if the antenna structure only has four One, the antenna can still work normally; the structure of the utility model uses graphene conductive ink to print the conductive area, which avoids the risk of corrosion of the conductive area after working for a long time, and the antenna has highly stable and reliable working performance.
以上所述仅为本实用新型的较佳实施例，凡依本实用新型申请专利范围所做的均等变化与修饰，皆应属本实用新型的涵盖范围。The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, and all equivalent changes and modifications made according to the patent scope of the present utility model shall fall within the scope of the present utility model.
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107732450A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-02-23 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Multilayer Gradient Fractal Slot Graphene Antenna for Mobile Digital TV |
| CN109449573A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-08 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Microstrip antenna and television set |
| CN110880637A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-13 | 长安大学 | 24GHz miniaturized radar antenna |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107732450A (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2018-02-23 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Multilayer Gradient Fractal Slot Graphene Antenna for Mobile Digital TV |
| CN107732450B (en) * | 2017-12-01 | 2023-08-04 | 厦门大学嘉庚学院 | Multilayer gradual change fractal gap graphene antenna for mobile digital television |
| CN109449573A (en) * | 2018-11-14 | 2019-03-08 | 深圳Tcl新技术有限公司 | Microstrip antenna and television set |
| US11581651B2 (en) | 2018-11-14 | 2023-02-14 | Shenzhen Tcl New Technology Co., Ltd. | Microstrip antenna and television |
| CN110880637A (en) * | 2019-12-06 | 2020-03-13 | 长安大学 | 24GHz miniaturized radar antenna |
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