CN207525045U - A kind of riverbank formula percolating device with water remediation - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a river bank type infiltration device with the function of water body restoration, comprising: a water diversion facility with a forebay, a plurality of infiltration tanks arranged in steps along both sides of the river bank are arranged downstream of the water diversion facility, and the inlet of the infiltration tank is arranged upstream Trash grids, each inlet and outlet of each filter tank are provided with their own water inlet and outlet gates; each outlet gate is connected to the outlet tank connected to the river, and the percolation tank is sequentially equipped with porous water retaining parapets, front The inner permeable section, the multi-stage infiltration section, the rear permeable section, and the perforated plate. The infiltration device is located on the bank of the river or lake, combined with the existing water conservancy project, and connected with the shore terrain, will not affect the normal operation of the original water conservancy project, while maintaining and improving the water quality of the downstream river, and can also be combined with the river bank Renovation, planting green plants on the upper part, beautifying the environment. The device has low cost and is suitable for purifying heavily polluted urban rivers, deep denitrification and dephosphorization of tail water of sewage treatment plants, and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

Description

A river bank type percolation device with water restoration function

technical field

The utility model relates to a river bank type percolation device with water body restoration function, which is an environmental protection device and an engineering measure for controlling river pollution and which can be renewed and maintained.

Background technique

There are three main treatment methods for existing polluted water bodies, one is the activated sludge method, the second is the sewage biofilm method, and the third is the ecological treatment method. The activated sludge method is the main process type of the existing sewage treatment plants in my country, which is equivalent to the artificial enhancement of the self-purification ability of the water body. It has the advantages of high treatment capacity and good effluent quality, but the engineering investment and maintenance costs of this type of treatment method are relatively high. Specific treatment processes include AB method, SBR method, oxidation ditch method, A/O method, A/A/O method, etc. Sewage biofilm method is a method of treating wastewater by using microbial groups attached to the surface of solid filler to form biofilm. It is an artificial enhancement of soil self-purification ability. It has high treatment efficiency, good impact load resistance, low sludge production, and is convenient. The advantages of operation and management, but the microbial biomass is difficult to control, and the construction cost is relatively high. The specific treatment process includes aerobic biological filter, aerobic biological fluidized bed, biological turntable, anaerobic biological pool, anaerobic biological fluidized bed, etc. Ecological treatment is a sewage treatment method that has gradually emerged in the past 10 years, mainly divided into water purification method and soil purification method. The water purification method mainly adopts methods such as stabilization ponds and ecosystem ponds. The mechanism is similar to that of the activated sludge method, but the purification efficiency is relatively low. The soil purification method mainly adopts soil infiltration, artificial wetland and other methods. Its purification principle is similar to the sewage biofilm method, but it has the characteristics of low construction cost and simple management. The removal rate is higher than the conventional secondary treatment of sewage, reaching the effect of partial tertiary treatment. Compared with the secondary treatment plant, its construction cost is about 1/5~1/3 of the former, and its operating cost is about 1/20~1/10 of the former. With the rise of the concept of green environmental protection, soil purification methods have gradually become a research hotspot and have broad application prospects.

In the soil purification method, soil infiltration and constructed wetland both use the adsorption of soil particles, microorganisms, plants, etc. The difference is that the constructed wetland treatment system is generally played by plant roots and soil colloidal particles. The purification efficiency is obviously affected by the natural environment. Due to the open type, there is a risk of groundwater pollution spreading. The soil infiltration system adopts a closed type, which contains many artificially configured filter layers, and its purification function can be strengthened by changing the filling materials in between. Therefore, it has the advantages of less investment, low operating cost, good organic matter removal effect, environmental protection and safety. . However, the traditional soil infiltration system also has some defects, such as low hydraulic load, small treatment capacity, and easy clogging. Therefore, domestic and foreign scholars continue to improve it. For example, the Chinese patent "A Two-stage Enhanced Nitrogen Removal Multi-stage Soil Infiltration System" proposes a two-stage enhanced nitrogen removal multi-stage soil infiltration system, which uses a new type of solid-phase carbon source, adding At the same time, a closed non-aeration section is added to the original infiltration process to strengthen the denitrification reaction and improve the denitrification effect. From the actual experimental situation, the system can achieve long-term operation and is not easy to block. But its disadvantages are: firstly, the length of the permeation path of the system is insufficient. When the hydraulic load reaches 2.0m ³ /m ² ·d or more, the hydraulic retention time is shortened, the metabolism of microorganisms is limited, and the removal rate of COD, TN, and TP is limited. decreased, thus affecting the water purification efficiency. Second, the osmotic pressure required by the system needs to be realized by the operation of water pumps, and the long-term operation requires high energy consumption. Third, in actual engineering, the soil infiltration system should be combined with related water conservancy projects for comprehensive management in order to maintain the long-term stability of the system and improve the sewage purification capacity.

At present, many scholars have proposed the method of combining soil infiltration system with water conservancy engineering to achieve long-term purification effect of river water. The Chinese patent "A Riverbed Infiltration Water Quality Purification Technology for Urban Polluted River Water Restoration" (Application No.: CN200710098794.X) discloses a riverbed infiltration water purification technology. Then build a rubber dam upstream of it to form a water level difference between the upstream and downstream. The upstream sewage enters the percolation layer through the conduit and is discharged to the downstream channel. The Chinese patent "Structure of Clear Water Rivers Transforming Muddy Rivers with Small Flows into Ecological Landscapes" (Application No.: 201220680574.4) discloses an ecological engineering structure of clear waters for transforming muddy waters with small flows into ecological landscapes. Sedimentation tanks and filter tanks are set up in the water channel to settle and filter the muddy water, and then discharge it into the downstream clear water channel. The Chinese patent "Adjustable Wetland Technology for River Water Purification and Ecological Restoration" (application number: 200910015968.0) discloses an adjustable wetland for river water purification and ecological restoration. Aquatic plants are planted upstream to form artificial wetlands to purify river water. The Chinese patent "Small Flow River Water Purification and Pollution Interception Device" discloses a river water purification and pollution interception device. This technology also sets a rubber dam in the river channel, and then builds an ecological filter bed upstream of the dam to achieve the effect of purifying water quality. The above-mentioned patents have in common that they all construct infiltration works in the center of the river to realize the purification effect of river sewage, but this design has obvious deficiencies. First of all, excavating the river bed to build the infiltration project itself destroys the living environment of benthic animals and causes secondary pollution. At the same time, the infiltration system is soaked in sewage and the bottom of the river bed for a long time, making operation and maintenance difficult; second, the main function of aquatic plants is Restoring the ecosystem of the river course and assisting in the establishment of the landscape effect of the river course can absorb some pollutants such as nitrogen and phosphorus, but its effect is relatively weak and is significantly affected by the natural environment. Third, most rivers have water conservancy needs such as flood discharge, fish passing, and navigation. Building filtration facilities directly in the river will have adverse effects on water conservancy functions.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the existing technical problems, the utility model proposes a river bank type infiltration device with water restoration function. The device is combined with the water conservancy project, and the reciprocating flow of the water flow is formed by setting artesian filtering devices on both sides of the river bank, and the functions of filtering and purifying the water flow are realized during the reciprocating flow. The device can restore the water quality environment of the river while avoiding adverse effects on the ecology and water conservancy functions of the river.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved in the following way: a river bank type infiltration device with water restoration function, comprising: a water diversion facility with a forebay, and a plurality of seepage filters arranged in steps along both sides of the river bank are arranged downstream of the water diversion facility. filter tank, the inlet of the percolation tank is provided upstream with a trash grid, and the inlet and outlet of each filter tank are respectively provided with water inlet gates and water outlet gates; each outlet gate is connected to the water outlet tank connected to the river, The filter tank described above is provided with a porous water-retaining breast wall, a front permeable section, a multi-stage percolation section, a rear permeable section, and a porous plate in sequence from the inlet to the outlet.

Further, the water diversion facility is a dam or a water pump; the direction of the infiltration tank is either along the river bank or at a certain angle or perpendicular to the river bank.

Further, connecting gates are provided near the entrance and exit of each of the infiltration tanks to allow water to flow in series in each of the stepped infiltration tanks.

Further, the front permeable section and the rear permeable section are filled with gravel.

Further, the percolation section is a replaceable stuffing box, and the percolation packing is filled in the stuffing box, and the mixed mud blocks are interlaced and stacked in the percolation packing.

Further, the percolation filler is natural zeolite or heavy ceramsite or a mixture of both, and the mixed mud block is a blended carbon source block, and the blended carbon source block includes: pottery sand, red soil , limestone, steel-making blast furnace washing slag, wheat straw, and charcoal. The dry weight ratio of the described pottery sand, red soil, limestone, steel-making blast furnace washing slag, wheat straw, and charcoal is 30:40:10:10:5:5; The size of the mixed carbon source block is: 0.2m long, 0.15m wide, and 0.1m high.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: the percolation device is located on the bank of a river or lake, and combined with the existing water conservancy project, it can provide a stable source of sewage, energy and comprehensive management conditions to ensure long-term operation of the device. The infiltration device is connected with the bank topography, which will not affect the normal operation of the original water conservancy project. At the same time, the water quality of the downstream river can be maintained and improved. It can also be combined with river bank improvement, and the upper part can be cultivated with green plants to beautify the environment. The infiltration device adopts the method of connecting multi-stage infiltration tanks in series to increase the contact time between the sewage and the microbial film in the infiltration layer, which can significantly improve the sewage purification efficiency. The percolation device avoids the long-term immersion of sewage by adopting the periodic dry and wet operation mode, and maintains the biological environment in the percolation layer through redox reactions. The percolation device improves the purification capacity of the device by replacing the filler in the percolation tank. The device described in the utility model has low basic construction cost, and is suitable for purifying heavily polluted urban rivers, deep denitrification and dephosphorization of tail water of sewage treatment plants, and control of agricultural non-point source pollution.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the device described in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, which is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the infiltration device along the river bank;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the longitudinal section of the infiltration tank according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the transverse cross-sectional structure of the stepped infiltration tank described in Embodiment 1 of the present utility model, which is a cross-sectional view in the direction of A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the vertical layout of the infiltration device and the river bank according to the third embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement structure of the infiltration device vertical to the river bank according to the third embodiment of the present utility model, which is a cross-sectional view in the direction of C-C in Fig. 4 .

Detailed ways

Embodiment one:

This embodiment is a river bank type infiltration device with water restoration function, as shown in Figures 1 and 2 . This embodiment includes: a water diversion facility with a forebay 1, a plurality of infiltration tanks 2 arranged in steps along both sides of the river bank are arranged downstream of the water diversion facility, and a trash grid 3 is arranged upstream of the inlet of the infiltration tank, The entrance and exit of each filter tank are respectively provided with respective water inlet gates 4 and water outlet gates 5; each water outlet gate is connected to the water outlet tank 6 connected with the river, and the filter tanks are sequentially provided with porous water-retaining parapets from the entrance to the exit 7. The front permeable section 8, the multi-stage permeable section 9, the rear permeable section 10, and the perforated plate 11.

The water diversion facility described in this embodiment may be a water retaining facility on a river, forming a forebay with a certain water level. Build water-retaining facilities in the river, including flood gates, rubber dams, etc. During the flood season, the gates are opened to discharge floods normally. In the dry season, the gates are closed to store water to block upstream sewage, forming a water level drop, and using filtering devices. It is also possible to use a river course or an excavated channel to directly supply water to the forebay by pumping water. The highest water level in the forebay shall not exceed the design water level of the highest infiltration tank. The water retaining facilities can be newly built or already built water conservancy facilities, and the forebay is located at the junction of the water retaining facilities and the river bank, which will not affect the normal functions of the original water conservancy projects.

Self-flowing multi-stage infiltration tanks are arranged in the downstream of the forebay. These infiltration tanks can be smoothly connected along the river bank slope. With the help of the river bank slope, the original flood discharge and navigation functions of the river channel are not affected. If water retaining facilities are installed, during the water retaining period, the upstream sewage will flow into the infiltration tank by virtue of the head difference, and the purified water will be discharged into the downstream river. When the water level of the river varies greatly, multiple stepped infiltration tanks parallel to the river bank can be used to expand the filtration capacity of the infiltration device and significantly improve the water quality of the river.

The water inlets at different elevations of each infiltration tank, as shown in Figure 3, are staggered on the plane to form steps according to the bank slope topography, and the height difference between the water inlets can be set to 0.5-1.0m. Each water inlet is equipped with a trash grid, or multiple water inlets are equipped with the same trash grid to remove larger suspended matter in the water body. A flat gate is set on the water inlet to control the flow. When the water level is high, the water depth of the high-level water inlet is lower than the design water depth, the water inlet gate is fully opened, and the sewage flows into the infiltration tank by itself. The low-level water inlet gate can be partially opened. Control flow. With the further reduction of the water level, the gate of the low-level water inlet is fully opened, and the sewage flows into the secondary infiltration tank by itself.

For the porous water-retaining breast wall at the rear of the gate, the opening range of the lower part shall not be higher than the height of the filling in the permeable section at the rear. In the permeable section, porous materials, such as gravel, can be buried. When the sewage flows through, the porous material can undergo preliminary contact oxidation to remove suspended particles, some organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and then enter the infiltration section.

At the end of the infiltration tank, there is a rear permeable section, a connecting gate, a porous wall, and a water outlet gate. In the infiltration section, replaceable composite soil infiltration filler is used. The infiltration tanks are connected by connecting gates, which can form a series pattern. Both the permeable tank and the infiltration tank are open structures, which are convenient for replacement of fillers and maintain the water purification performance of the device.

Each infiltration tank is provided with multiple infiltration sections to form multi-stage infiltration. Composite soil filter layers are used in each infiltration section to form different aerobic-anaerobic environments to meet the needs of nitrification-denitrification reactions in the device. By increasing the number of infiltration sections, the efficiency of nitrogen and phosphorus removal can be further improved. Effect. A cover plate can be added to the upper area of the infiltration filling in the infiltration tank to facilitate pedestrians, and soil can also be added to plant aquatic plants to improve the landscape effect.

Before the operation of the infiltration device, it should undergo biochemical propagation to form a stable internal ecology, and then it can run stably for a long time, and the removal effect of pollutants is good. The percolation device adopts an open percolation tank, which can easily replace more efficient packing components, and can greatly increase the hydraulic load rate while maintaining the purification standard.

The percolation device can operate alternately between wet and dry through the bottom emptying method, which improves the removal efficiency of organic matter and prolongs the life of the device.

If the stepped infiltration tank is installed on the river bank along the river bank, the device can not only be used to purify the water body in the river, but also can be used to filter and purify the surface sewage on both sides of the river before entering the river, so as to realize the recycling of recycled water.

Embodiment two:

This embodiment is an improvement of the first embodiment, and is a refinement of the first embodiment on water diversion facilities. The water diversion facility described in this embodiment is a combination of a dam or a water pump and a forebay; the direction of the infiltration tank is either along the river bank or at a certain angle or perpendicular to the river bank.

For urban rivers with steep banks and insufficient space, dams are built on the rivers, or existing dams are used to form a forebay with a certain water level, reaching at least the elevation of the first-order infiltration tank, as shown in Figure 3, which can be adopted The infiltration tank flows longitudinally along the river bank, and the sewage flows longitudinally along the river bank, and is discharged into the downstream river after purification.

Embodiment three:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment about the percolation tank. Between the infiltration tanks described in this embodiment, connecting gates 12 are provided near the inlet and outlet to allow the water to flow in series in each stepped infiltration tank, as shown in FIG. 1 .

The function of the connecting gate can make the infiltration tanks of different elevations have connecting gates connected to each other at the beginning and the end. When the quality of the upstream sewage is too poor, it can be purified by infiltration in series. The sewage first enters the upper infiltration tank, and after flowing through the entire infiltration tank, it flows into the next-level infiltration tank through the connecting gate at the end, and flows into the next level infiltration tank at the connecting gate at the first end after flowing through the infiltration tank in the reverse direction. Lower level infiltration tank. After long-distance infiltration and purification, the clean water passes through the outlet gate of the lowest-level infiltration tank and is discharged to the downstream river. In this way, by changing the connection mode of the connecting gates between the infiltration tanks, the sewage infiltration path can be changed, thereby adapting to various water qualities.

For suburban rivers with gentle banks, multi-stage filtering devices can be used, as shown in Figures 4 and 5. The forebay can be supplied with water by the water pump 13, and the sewage reciprocates step by step downward from the highest percolation tank (for easy identification, the opened gate in Fig. 4 is indicated by a dotted line) to realize sewage percolation. Under the condition of space permitting, such multiple infiltration devices can be connected in parallel (two are arranged side by side as shown in Figure 4, and of course more parallel infiltration tanks can also be installed), forming a large-scale sewage treatment capacity. This layout scheme is suitable for the reconstruction of the completed water conservancy facilities.

The parallel percolation tanks can realize forward and reverse alternating flow in the percolation tanks by changing the connecting gates, so as to avoid clogging after long-term use.

Embodiment four:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above-mentioned embodiment, and is a refinement of the above-mentioned embodiment with respect to the front water-permeable section and the rear water-permeable section. Gravel is filled in the front permeable section and the rear permeable section described in this embodiment.

The materials used in the permeable section can be obtained locally. Local stones can be found, broken into blocks of moderate size, and buried in the stuffing box. The bottom can be aerated to improve the purification efficiency.

Embodiment five:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the percolation section. The percolation section described in this embodiment is a replaceable stuffing box, and the percolation filler 901 is filled in the stuffing box, and mixed mud blocks 902 are interlacedly stacked in the percolation filler, as shown in the enlarged view of point B in FIG. 2 Show.

The percolation section is installed in sections in replaceable stuffing boxes. The filler includes percolation filler and mixed mud layer. The percolation filler can be natural zeolite or heavy ceramsite, etc., with a particle size of 10-20mm. Mixed clay blocks are modules to which a solid-phase carbon source has been added. Lay 5~10cm percolation packing at the bottom of the stuffing box first, place mixed mud blocks staggeredly on it, then continue to fill the gap of mixed mud blocks with percolation packing until it is about 10cm beyond the mixed mud blocks, and then continue to place mixed mud blocks , and so on until the entire stuffing box is filled. The percolation filler is an aerobic environment, where nitrification mainly occurs, while the mixed mud block is anaerobic, where denitrification can occur. In this way, a strong denitrification and dephosphorization effect can be achieved.

Embodiment six:

This embodiment is an improvement of the above embodiment, and is a refinement of the above embodiment regarding the percolation filler. The percolation filler described in this embodiment is natural zeolite or heavy ceramsite or a mixture of the two, and the mixed mud block is a blended carbon source block, and the blended carbon source block includes: pottery sand, red soil , limestone, steel-making blast furnace washing slag, wheat straw, and charcoal. The dry weight ratio of the described pottery sand, red soil, limestone, steel-making blast furnace washing slag, wheat straw, and charcoal is 30:40:10:10:5:5; The size of the mixed carbon source block is: 0.2m long, 0.15m wide, and 0.1m high.

The choice of percolation filler can be adjusted to local conditions, and the nitrogen removal efficiency in the percolation layer can be improved by adding carbonized crops such as wheat straw and corn cobs. The dephosphorization effect in the percolation layer is improved by adding water washing slag from the steelmaking furnace.

Embodiment seven:

A river bank type infiltration method with water restoration function using the above-mentioned device, the process of the method is as follows:

Opening process: When the submerged depth of the upstream water level exceeds the bottom of a stepped infiltration tank by more than 20cm, the stepped water inlet gate is partially opened first, and the connecting gate and the outlet gate are closed to raise the water level in the infiltration tank. After the tank exits, gradually adjust the inlet gate to reach the design flow rate, and at the same time adjust the outlet gate to reach the design water level. The purpose of this is to prevent the excessive water filling speed from destroying the filling structure in the infiltration tank, causing the biofilm on the surface of the filling to fall off, and reducing the purification efficiency. When the upstream water level is low and the submerged water depth of the water inlet is lower than the design water level, the gate of the water inlet is partially opened first, the connecting gate of the infiltration tank and the outlet gate are closed, and the water level in the entire infiltration tank rises. After the water reaches the outlet, The water inlet gate is fully opened, and the tail outlet gate is adjusted to reach the submerged water depth at the same time. When the upstream water level drops and the submerged water depth of the water inlet is less than 20cm, the water inlet gate of the level water inlet can be closed and the water inlet of the lower level can be opened. The specific operation method is the same as above. Partially open to control the design flow in the infiltration tank.

The opening process can also be carried out as follows: when the water level of the current pool exceeds the bottom of a certain stepped infiltration tank by more than 20cm, the inlet gate of the infiltration tank can be opened to adjust the design flow, and the outlet gate of the infiltration tank can be opened to adjust the design water level. The percolation operation of the percolation tank; when the water level of the current pool is lower than 20cm below the bottom of the percolation tank of a certain step, the percolation tank is closed and the percolation tank of the next step is enabled, and the specific operation method is the same as above.

Diafiltration process: After the sewage enters the infiltration tank, it first passes through the contact oxidation of the front permeable section, removes suspended solids, degrades some organic matter and ammonia nitrogen, and then passes through nitrification-denitrification in multiple infiltration sections. The percolation packing is an aerobic environment for nitrification reaction, while the mixed mud block is an anaerobic environment for denitrification reaction. It can achieve a strong denitrification and dephosphorization effect, and then undergo contact oxidation through the rear permeable section, and finally discharge from the outlet gate through the outlet tank into the river. The carbon source and iron source contained in the mixed mud block make the device have long-term purification ability. According to the design standard, the sewage starts from the upstream inlet, passes through the contact oxidation of the gravel permeable tank, then passes through the nitrification-denitrification in the infiltration tank, and finally discharges from the outlet gate. The discharged water quality can meet the discharge standard. When the upstream water quality is poor , the outlet gate should be closed, and the connecting gate should be opened at the same time to extend the infiltration length to improve the purification effect.

Dry and wet operation process: first close the water inlet gate, then open the water outlet gate of the infiltration tank, so that the whole infiltration tank is in a dry state, after a period of redox reaction, then open the water inlet gate to resume the infiltration operation. In order to keep the percolation device working normally for a long time, wet and dry operation is required. In the flood season, when the water retaining system is opened and the river channel floods normally, the infiltration tank with a lower elevation in the downstream infiltration device will also be submerged. At this time, the infiltration device closes the inlet gate, connects the gate and the outlet gate, and stops run. When the river flow decreases, the water retaining system is closed, and the water level difference between the upstream and downstream is formed, the infiltration tank connecting gate and the water outlet gate are opened first, so that the whole device is in a dry state. After a period of oxidation-reduction reaction, the water inlet gate is opened again, and the device starts to operate.

Embodiment eight:

This embodiment is an improvement of the seventh embodiment, and is a refinement of the opening process of the seventh embodiment. In the opening process described in this embodiment, when the water level of the front pool exceeds the bottom of a certain stepped infiltration tank by more than 20 centimeters, first partially open the water inlet gate of the infiltration tank, close the water outlet gate of the percolation tank, and simultaneously close the For all connected gates, when the water flow in the infiltration tank reaches the outlet, adjust the inlet gate to reach the design flow rate, and at the same time adjust the outlet gate to reach the design water level, and carry out the infiltration process of the infiltration tank; after that, from high to low, according to the above The method gradually opens each stepped infiltration tank below the infiltration tank to enter the infiltration process. In this way, a parallel infiltration process of each infiltration tank is formed.

What this embodiment starts is the process of parallel connection of each infiltration tank. Each infiltration tank is independently and parallelly carried out the infiltration process, and there is no connection between each other. The amount of water treated by this diafiltration process is relatively large, but the diafiltration process is relatively short and can be used when the pollution is not too serious.

Embodiment nine:

This embodiment is an improvement of the seventh embodiment, and is a refinement of the opening process of the seventh embodiment. In the opening process described in this embodiment, firstly open the corresponding connecting gates according to the form of connecting each infiltration tank from end to end. The water inlet gate of the infiltration tank closes the outlet gates of all the infiltration tanks, so that the water flow reciprocates from the high-level infiltration tank to the lowest infiltration tank. When the reciprocating flow reaches the outlet of the lowest infiltration tank, Adjust the inlet gate to reach the design flow rate, open the outlet gate of the lowest infiltration tank at the same time, adjust the outlet gate of the lowest infiltration tank to reach the design water level, and form a series infiltration process of each infiltration tank.

This embodiment starts the process of infiltration in series, and all the infiltration tanks of each step can be connected in series, which can be used when the river is seriously polluted. When there are many steps, according to the pollution of the river, more than two infiltration tanks can be connected as a group, and the infiltration process can be selectively carried out in the form of grouping infiltration tanks.

Embodiment ten:

This embodiment is the design method of the above-mentioned device. The design process is as follows:

(1) According to the terrain on both sides of the water retaining device, determine the position of the stepped water inlet in the water inlet device - the elevation gradient line, so as to ensure the smooth connection between the entire infiltration device and the original river bank.

(2) According to the position-elevation gradient line of the stepped water inlet, determine the ratio of the bottom width to the height of the infiltration tank. In order to facilitate the replacement of filter materials, the width of the ground is generally not less than 0.8m, and the elevation difference between adjacent infiltration tanks is generally 0.5~1.0cm. From this, the basic size of the infiltration tank, the permeable section of the infiltration tank and the distance between the infiltration section The filling height should be 0.2~0.3m lower than the design height of the infiltration tank.

(3) According to the fluctuation range of the upstream water level of the water inlet and the cross-sectional size of the filler in the infiltration tank, finally determine the number of stages, positions and floor elevation of the stepped water inlet.

(4) Fully investigate the local resources, determine a reasonable infiltration filling material, and then adopt the method of indoor test to study the hydraulic characteristics of the infiltration tank and determine the relationship between the opening of the infiltration tank inlet gate and the flow rate. The denitrification and dephosphorization effect of the filter tank determines the minimum infiltration length and maximum water flow rate of the single-stage infiltration section to ensure the purified water quality indicators.

(5) For the layout plan of the whole device, the mathematical model of porous medium seepage is used to simulate the operation process of water filling and drainage, and the relationship between the opening of the water inlet gate and the percolation flow rate, and the relationship between the water outlet gate and the operating water level are determined, which is convenient for practical Operation control, if necessary, adjust the shape and layout to ensure the safe operation of the device.

(6) For plain river courses, the bank slope is relatively gentle, and the high-level infiltration tank is far away from the water bank. At this time, the water intake system can directly use the water pump to infiltrate step by step from the highest level infiltration tank, and finally discharge into the The sewage infiltration direction of the device is perpendicular to the river bank, and its operation is not affected by changes in the upstream water level, and the water pump can operate according to the peak load of the power grid.

(7) When the river bank has a large space and it is suitable to arrange a larger-scale infiltration device, the infiltration device in item (6) can be arranged side by side along the river bank, which can greatly improve the sewage treatment efficiency.

The concrete steps of described design method are as follows:

According to the terrain on both sides of the river, determine the location of the water diversion facilities, or set up retaining dams to form the forebay, or use the terrain to excavate the forebay and set up water pumps; for urban rivers, where the bank slope is steep and the space on both banks is limited, water retaining facilities can be used to form The water level difference is gravity infiltration, and the sewage infiltration tank is arranged along the bank. For plain rivers, the bank slope is relatively gentle, and the high-level infiltration tank is far away from the water bank. At this time, the water diversion facility can adopt the method of pumping water to infiltrate step by step from the highest level infiltration tank. The direction of sewage infiltration or along the river bank Either at an angle or perpendicular to the river bank.

Determine the water level of the forebay and the position-elevation gradient line of the stepped water inlet to ensure the smooth connection between the entire infiltration device and the original river bank.

According to the position of the stepped water inlet - the elevation gradient line, determine the ratio of the bottom width to the height of the infiltration tank; the bottom width of the infiltration tank is not less than 0.8m, and the elevation difference between adjacent infiltration tanks is generally 0.5~1.0cm , the filling height of the infiltration tank is 0.2~0.3m lower than the design height of the infiltration tank.

According to the fluctuation range of the upstream water level of the water inlet and the cross-sectional size of the filler in the infiltration tank, the number of stages, the position and the floor elevation of the stepped water inlet are finally determined.

Fully investigate local resources, determine reasonable infiltration filling materials, and then use laboratory experiments to study the hydraulic characteristics and denitrification and dephosphorization effects of the above-mentioned infiltration tanks, and determine the minimum infiltration length and effluent flow rate of the single-stage infiltration section , to ensure the purification of water quality indicators.

For the layout plan, the mathematical model of porous medium seepage is used to simulate the process of water filling and drainage, and the relationship between the gate opening and the percolation flow is determined to facilitate the actual operation control. If necessary, adjust the shape and layout to ensure the safe operation of the device.

Applications:

The characteristics of the river polluted water quality used are: CODcr 8mg/L, ammonia nitrogen 25.6mg/L, total nitrogen 33.5mg/L, and total phosphorus 2.4mg/L. Water depth change range: 0.5~3.0m.

Take the following steps:

(1) A retaining sluice is currently being built on the river, and the existing bank slope on both sides is 1:1. Therefore, the bottom width and height of the infiltration tank on the river bank are roughly equal. For the convenience of construction, the depth of the infiltration tank is set at 1m, and the outer edge It is flush with the existing ground line, so the bottom width of the infiltration tank is also 1m.

(2) Considering that the filling height should be 0.2-0.3m lower than that of the infiltration tank, so the section height of the filling in the permeable tank and the infiltration tank should not exceed 0.8m.

(3) The water depth of the existing river channel varies from 0.5 to 3.0m, so multi-stage infiltration devices can be used, and the working range should be within the range of water level fluctuations. After calculation, the bottom elevation of the lowest level of infiltration tank relative to the river bottom is 0.6m. According to the height of the filling section of the infiltration tank, the elevation difference of each level of infiltration tank is 0.8m. It is divided into 3 layers, and the bottom elevation is respectively It is 0.6m, 1.4m, 2.2m. The corresponding water level ranges are 0.6~1.4m, 1.4~2.2m, 2.2~3.0m respectively.

(4) Through the investigation of local resources, the filler in the permeable section is made of centimeter stone with a diameter of 3-5cm, the filler of the infiltration layer in the infiltration section is made of zeolite with a diameter of 5-10mm, and the mixing module is made of pottery sand, red soil, limestone, and steelmaking blast furnace Washed slag, wheat straw, charcoal and other blended carbon sources are evenly mixed according to the dry weight ratio of 30:40:10:10:5:5. The module size is 0.2m long, 0.15m wide, and 0.1m high. The module facing the water is 0.2m long, 0.15m wide, and the horizontal interval is 0.1m, and the vertical interval is 0.2m.

(5) According to the layout of the above-mentioned infiltration tanks, a sewage purification test was carried out. It was found that when the infiltration section is 2 m long and the hydraulic load is 1.0 m ³ /m ² ·d, the average removal rate of the device for total nitrogen is about 65%. The average removal rate of total phosphorus is 90%, and the average removal rate of COD is 70%. In order to further increase the effluent flow rate and maintain the purification efficiency, the length of the infiltration tank is increased by 5 times to 10m, so that the percolation tank of each level The design hydraulic load can reach about 5 m ³ /m ² ·d.

(6) By using a mathematical model to study the hydraulic characteristics in the infiltration tank, on the one hand, determine the relationship between the opening of the intake gate and the flow rate under different upstream water levels, and at the same time calculate that under the design hydraulic load condition, the infiltration tank The height of the water body infiltration line determines the relationship between the opening of the outlet gate and the connecting gate and the operating water depth, which is convenient for actual operation control.

(7) Under the condition of a certain water level in the upstream, the design hydraulic load is formed by partially opening the water inlet gate. Under its action, the sewage first passes through the trash rack, in which the insoluble large-particle floating matter is filtered, then passes through the control gate and the porous water-retaining parapet, enters the gravel permeable section for contact oxidation, and then enters the infiltration sections at all levels for oxidation. Nitrification and denitrification reactions, and finally the purified water flows through the outlet gate to the drainage tank.

(8) When the upstream water quality is good, the three-stage infiltration tank can be opened at the same time, and the purified water flow rate is the largest. When the upstream water quality is poor, the high-level infiltration tank can be opened separately, and then the connecting gate can be opened to form a three-stage series connection with the downstream infiltration tank, and the effluent water quality can still be maintained.

Finally, it should be noted that the above is only used to illustrate the technical solution of the utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred layout scheme, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the utility model can be The scheme (such as the stepped arrangement of the infiltration tank, the form of the infiltration process, the sequence of steps, etc.) is modified or equivalently replaced without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model.

Claims (6)

1. A river bank type infiltration device with water body restoration function, is characterized in that, comprises: the water diversion facility with forebay, the downstream of described water diversion facility is provided with a plurality of infiltration tanks arranged in steps along both sides of the river bank, so Trash racks are arranged upstream of the inlet of the percolation tank, and respective water inlet gates and outlet gates are respectively set at the inlet and outlet of each of the filter tanks; From the entrance to the exit, a porous water-retaining breast wall, a front permeable section, a multi-stage infiltration section, a rear permeable section, and a perforated plate are arranged in sequence. 2. The infiltration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, the water diversion facility is a dam or a water pump; the direction of the infiltration tank is either along the river bank or at a certain angle or perpendicular to the river bank. 3. The percolation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, between each of the percolation tanks, connecting gates are provided near the inlet and near the outlet to allow the water to flow in series in each of the stepped percolation tanks. 4. The percolation device according to claim 3, characterized in that gravel is filled in the front and rear permeable sections. 5. The percolation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the percolation section is a replaceable stuffing box, and the percolation packing is filled in the stuffing box, and the mixed mud is interleavedly stacked in the percolation packing piece. 6. The percolation device according to claim 5, wherein the percolation filler is natural zeolite or heavy ceramsite or a mixture of the two, and the mixed mud block is a blended carbon source block, The blended carbon source block includes: pottery sand, red soil, limestone, steelmaking blast furnace slag, wheat straw, charcoal, and the dry weight ratio of the described pottery sand, red soil, limestone, steelmaking blast furnace slag, wheat straw, and charcoal 30:40:10:10:5:5; the size of the blended carbon source block is: 0.2m long, 0.15m wide, and 0.1m high.