CN207460807U - Water-fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation rig based on image procossing - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation device based on image processing, comprising: an image collector for photographing crops to obtain image information of the crops; The connection is used to analyze and process the image information of the crops to obtain conclusion data; the controller is connected to the image processor to receive the conclusion data of the image processor and issue control instructions according to the conclusion data; fertilization and irrigation The unit is used to receive the control commands sent by the controller to perform synchronous irrigation and fertilization on the crops. The utility model can improve the accuracy of automatic irrigation, and achieve the purpose of saving water resources while ensuring reasonable irrigation of crops; moreover, the synchronization of irrigation and fertilization is realized, and labor intensity is reduced.

Description

Water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation device based on image processing

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation, in particular to a water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation device based on image processing.

Background technique

At present, with the reduction of agricultural employment population and the increasing scarcity of water resources, automatic irrigation systems for farmland have received widespread attention. Automatic irrigation technology is a precision control irrigation technology. The core of the technology is to combine the amount of water required by crops with the amount of irrigation, so as to neither waste water resources nor affect the normal growth of crops, so as to improve the utilization of water resources. usage efficiency.

However, there are two main types of irrigation modes used in existing automatic irrigation systems for farmland. One is to rely on the experience of agricultural water conservancy managers for irrigation control, but this irrigation mode cannot perform irrigation control based on soil moisture content and crop water demand. , it is easy to cause waste of water resources; the second is to use the humidity sensor to detect the soil water content in real time, and control the irrigation water according to the soil water content, but there may be some errors between the irrigation water obtained by this mode and the actual water demand of the crops. And burying the sensor in the ground will also affect the fertilization and cultivation of crops.

In addition, the irrigation and fertilization of crops are generally carried out step by step. Although the fertilization is accurate and the irrigation of large canals is convenient, it will be time-consuming and laborious for large-scale planting operations. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a new system integrating intelligent irrigation and fertilization.

Utility model content

Aiming at the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model proposes a new integrated intelligent irrigation device for water and fertilizer based on image processing. The device can improve the accuracy of automatic irrigation, and achieve the purpose of saving water resources while ensuring reasonable irrigation of crops; moreover, it realizes the synchronization of irrigation and fertilization, and reduces labor intensity.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical solutions:

An integrated water and fertilizer intelligent irrigation device based on image processing, comprising: an image collector, an image processor, a controller, and a fertilization and irrigation unit connected in sequence;

The image processor includes: image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis unit and data comparison unit; the image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis unit and data compare unit sequential connection;

The controller includes: a main processor unit, a solenoid valve drive unit and a man-machine interface unit; the main processor unit is connected to the solenoid valve drive unit and the man-machine interface unit respectively;

The fertilization and irrigation unit includes: a water well, a water pump, a fertilization tank, a gravel filter, a water transmission and distribution pipe network, and an irrigation device; the water inlet port of the water pump is arranged in the water well, and the water outlet end of the water pump is connected to the fertilization tank through a pipeline. The water outlet port of the water pump is provided with a first solenoid valve, and the first solenoid valve is connected to the controller through a control circuit; The sensor and the fertilizer bucket arranged on the weighing sensor, the fertilizer bucket is provided with a discharge pipe, and the discharge pipe extends into the stirring and mixing device of the lower floor, and the discharge pipe is provided with a second solenoid valve , the load cell and the second electromagnetic valve are respectively connected to the controller; the upper part of the stirring and mixing device is provided with a water inlet, the bottom is provided with an agitator, and the lower part is provided with a discharge port, and the discharge port is connected to the The sand filter is connected to each other, the outlet end of the sand filter is connected to a water transmission and distribution pipe network, and the water outlet of the water transmission and distribution pipe network is provided with a sprinkler.

Preferably, the image collector is a high-definition camera, and the resolution of the collected crop images is 1920×1080.

Preferably, the image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis unit and data comparison unit are implemented by using different FPGA chips respectively; or the above units are integrated on one FPGA chip.

Preferably, the main processor unit is an ATMEL51 single-chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the water transmission and distribution network adopts dry, branch and gross three-level pipelines, including: main pipelines, branch pipelines connected to the main pipelines, and capillary pipelines connected to the branch pipelines.

The beneficial effects of the utility model:

(1) The utility model takes real-time photos of the growth of the crops through the image collector, obtains the water content of the crops through the image processor, and compares it with the stored water content of the crops in different periods to determine whether irrigation is needed. More accurate and timely detection of crops' demand for water.

(2) The utility model is also equipped with a fertilization and irrigation unit, which realizes the integration of water and fertilizer, can more accurately meet the needs of crops for nutrients, greatly saves labor costs, and improves production efficiency.

(3) The utility model can also realize manual setting of fertilization decision-making, so that the fertilization operation can be set according to experience, which can better meet people's needs.

Description of drawings

Figure 1: Schematic diagram of the structure of the water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation device based on image processing of the present utility model; wherein, 1-image collector, 2-image processor, 3-controller, 4-fertilization and irrigation unit.

Figure 2: Structural schematic diagram of fertilization and irrigation unit; among them, 40-water well, 41-water pump, 42-fertilization tank, 43-sand filter, 44-water transmission and distribution network, 45-irrigator, 46-first solenoid valve .

Figure 3: Structural schematic diagram of fertilization tank; among them, 421-fertilizer adding device, 422-stirring and mixing device, 423-load sensor, 424-fertilizer bucket, 425-discharge pipe, 426-second solenoid valve, 427-inlet Water outlet, 428-agitator, 429-feed outlet.

Figure 4: Schematic diagram of the structure of the water transmission and distribution pipeline network; among them, 441-trunk pipeline, 442-branch pipeline, 443-capillary pipeline.

Detailed ways

It should be pointed out that the following detailed description is exemplary and intended to provide further explanation to the present application. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to understand the technical solution of the present application more clearly, the technical solution of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

Example 1:

A water and fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation device based on image processing, its structural diagram is shown in Figure 1, including:

The image collector 1 is used to photograph the crops to obtain image information of the crops; the image collector 1 used in this embodiment is a high-definition camera, and the resolution of the collected images of the crops is 1920×1080.

Image processor 2, described image processor 2 is connected with image collector 1, is used for analyzing and processing the image information of crops, draws the conclusion data of whether watering is needed; Described image processor 2 includes: image noise reduction Processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis unit and data comparison unit. The image noise reduction processing unit is connected with the image collector, and is used to perform noise reduction processing on the captured crop image information, and eliminates noise generated during image acquisition and transmission; the image segmentation unit is connected with the image noise reduction unit, It is used to segment the image after noise reduction processing; the feature extraction unit is connected with the image segmentation unit for extracting features such as texture, color and shape of the crops; the image analysis unit is connected with the feature extraction unit for according to The image feature extracted by the feature extraction unit predicts the water content of the crops; the data comparison unit is connected with the image analysis unit, and the data comparison unit stores the water content of various crops in each period, which is used for predicting with the image analysis unit Moisture content is compared to draw conclusive data on whether to water or not. The image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis unit and data comparison unit are implemented by using different FPGA chips in the prior art.

A controller 3, which is connected with the image processor 2, is used for receiving conclusion data from the image processor 2 and issuing control instructions according to the conclusion data. The controller 3 includes: a main processor unit, a solenoid valve drive unit and a man-machine interface unit; the main processor unit is connected to the solenoid valve drive unit and the man-machine interface unit respectively; in this embodiment, the The main processor unit is ATMEL51 microcontroller.

The fertilization and irrigation unit 4 is used to receive the control commands sent by the PLC controller to perform synchronous irrigation and fertilization on the crops. Water distribution pipe network 44 and sprinkler 45; the water inlet port of described water pump 41 is arranged in the water well 40, and the water outlet end of water pump 41 links to each other with fertilization tank 42 by pipeline, and the water outlet port of water pump 41 is provided with first solenoid valve 46, so The first solenoid valve 46 is connected with the controller 3 through a control circuit.

The structure of the fertilization tank 42 is shown in Figure 3, including the fertilizer adding device 421 of the upper floor and the stirring and mixing device 422 of the lower floor, and the fertilizer adding device 421 includes a load cell 423 and a device arranged on the load cell 423. Fertilizer bucket 424, described fertilizer bucket 424 is provided with discharge pipe 425, and described discharge pipe 425 stretches in the mixing device 422 of lower floor, is provided with second solenoid valve 426 on the discharge pipe 425, and described The heavy sensor 423 and the second electromagnetic valve 426 are respectively connected with the controller 3; the top of the stirring and mixing device 422 is provided with a water inlet 427, the bottom is provided with an agitator 428, and the bottom is provided with a discharge port 429, and the discharge port 429 is connected to the gravel filter 43 through pipelines, the outlet end of the gravel filter 43 is connected to the water delivery and distribution pipe network 44 , and the water delivery and distribution pipe network 44 is provided with an emitter 45 at the water outlet.

Wherein, the water transmission and distribution pipe network 44 adopts three-level pipelines of trunk, branch and gross, and its structure is as shown in Figure 4, including: main pipeline 441, branch pipeline 442 connected on the main pipeline 441, and connected Capillary 443 .

Concrete work process of the present utility model is as follows:

The image of the crops is captured by the camera and transmitted to the image processor for image processing. In order to obtain more accurate water content of the crop leaves and perform timely and appropriate irrigation, it is necessary to avoid shaking the camera as much as possible when taking images of the crop leaves. During the process of image acquisition and transmission, a series of noises will be generated, which will degrade the quality of the image, thus affecting the accuracy of the post-image processing results. In order to improve the image quality and the efficiency of image analysis, and reduce the influence of noise on the processing results, it is necessary to perform noise reduction processing on the image. The noise reduction processing is completed by the image noise reduction processing unit of the image processor, followed by image segmentation, and then extraction Texture, color, shape and other characteristics, in the color feature part, use the analysis function of Matlab image to analyze the RGB, HIS, Lab color models of the leaf image, and obtain the mean value of each color component of RGB, HIS, Lab; the shape feature part , which mainly extracts the area feature and width feature of the leaf image, and obtains the value of each feature value; in terms of texture feature, mainly analyzes the three features of texture mean, entropy and consistency, and finally analyzes its relationship with each feature according to the water content of the leaf. Correlation between values, get the correlation coefficient, predict the water content of the leaves, and compare the results with the water content data of various crops stored in the SQL Server database in different periods. If the water content of the leaves is lower than that in the database, it should be If the corresponding water content is found, watering is carried out, and the watering time and drainage are set according to the water content of the leaves and the corresponding water content in the database. The image processor transmits the above-mentioned conclusion data to the controller, and the controller issues a control command, and the solenoid valve controls the water output of the water pump. There is a weighing sensor in the fertilization tank, which can weigh the fertilizer in the fertilizer tank in real time and transmit the data to the controller. The man-machine interface unit of the controller can set the amount of fertilizer according to experience and control it through the solenoid valve. The amount of fertilizer added, the fertilizer is mixed with water in the fertilization tank, and stirred to dissolve, the dissolved fertilizer solution enters the sand filter to filter impurities, and finally transported to the water transmission and distribution network, real-time irrigation and fertilization through the sprinkler, the whole process It can be monitored, and the demand can be controlled and adjusted in real time, so as to realize regular and appropriate irrigation and fertilization to meet the needs of crops for water and fertilizer.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present application, and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, there may be various modifications and changes in the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of this application shall be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of water-fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation rig based on image procossing, which is characterized in that including：Sequentially connected image Collector, image processor, controller and fertilizer irrigation unit；

Described image processor includes：Image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analysis list Member and data comparing unit；Described image noise reduction processing unit, image segmentation unit, feature extraction unit, image analyzing unit It is linked in sequence with data comparing unit；

The controller includes：Main processor unit, solenoid-driven unit and human-machine interface unit；The main processor unit It is connected respectively with solenoid-driven unit and human-machine interface unit；

The fertilizer irrigation unit includes：Well, water pump, fertilizer spreading tank, sandrock filter, water distributing network and douche；It is described The water inlet port of water pump is arranged in well, and the water outlet of water pump is connected by pipeline with fertilizer spreading tank, and the water outlet port of water pump is set The first solenoid valve is equipped with, first solenoid valve is connect by control circuit with controller；The fertilizer spreading tank includes the fertilizer on upper strata Expect adding set and the mixing stirring device of lower floor, the fertilizer adding set includes weighing sensor and is arranged on the title The fertilizer bucket on sensor is retransmitted, the fertilizer bucket is equipped with discharge nozzle, and the discharge nozzle stretches to the mixing stirring device of lower floor In, discharge nozzle is equipped with second solenoid valve, and the weighing sensor is connect with second solenoid valve with controller respectively；The stirring The top of mixing arrangement is equipped with water inlet, and bottom is equipped with blender, and lower part is equipped with discharge port, and the discharge port passes through pipeline and sand Stone filter is connected, and the port of export of the sandrock filter is connected with water distributing network, and the water outlet of the water distributing network is set It is equipped with douche.

2. the water-fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation rig according to claim 1 based on image procossing, which is characterized in that described Image acquisition device is high-definition camera, and the resolution ratio of crop map picture acquired is 1920 × 1080.

3. the water-fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation rig according to claim 1 based on image procossing, which is characterized in that described Main processor unit is ATMEL51 microcontrollers.

4. the water-fertilizer integrated intelligent irrigation rig according to claim 1 based on image procossing, which is characterized in that described Water distributing network uses dry, branch, hair three-level pipeline, including：Main conduit, the lateral being connected on main conduit and The capillary channel being connected on lateral.