CN207392143U - A kind of hydrodynamic force lifts falling zone Wetland ecological governing system certainly - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a hydrodynamic self-lifting and fading zone wetland ecological management system, which includes a lifting guide device, the lifting guide device is fixedly installed on the side slope, and a sliding and matching device is installed on the lifting guide device. The vegetation planting carrier for planting plants is connected with an energy dissipating device for energy dissipation on the side surface of the vegetation planting carrier, and the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipating device are both floating on the water surface. It solves the problem that the current wetland in the hydrofluctuation zone is very fragile due to periodic changes in water level, and the river ecology is difficult to restore.

Description

A hydrodynamic self-elevating ebb and flow zone wetland ecological management system

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of environmental technology protection, in particular to an ecological management system and a construction method for lakes, reservoirs, rivers and other wetlands in ebb and flow zones.

Background technique

my country has 98,002 reservoirs with a storage capacity of 100,000 cubic meters and above, with a total storage capacity of 932.312 billion cubic meters, which play a variety of functions such as regulating river runoff, flood control, water supply, irrigation, power generation, shipping and tourism. During the operation of the reservoir, due to the seasonal fluctuation of the water level in the reservoir area, the surrounding land is periodically submerged and exposed between the highest water level and the lowest water level, forming an area controlled by water and land. For example, the elevation difference of the water-fluctuation zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir area in my country is as high as 30 m (145-175 m above sea level), and the area is as large as 344.2 square kilometers. This rhythmic water level change will inevitably have a profound impact on the landform, vegetation, soil and other biological elements around the Three Gorges Reservoir.

Fluctuating zone wetlands refer to a section of very fragile ecosystems formed by periodic changes in water levels. They are interlaced areas of water and land ecosystems. The natural vegetation that once grew on the soil was stripped, the weathered bedrock was exposed, and degraded into an isolation zone between water and land ecosystems, which had dual impacts on water and land ecosystems, especially the impact on water ecosystems was more prominent , it is the bottleneck and key of river ecological restoration, therefore, strengthening the research on sinking zone is an important guarantee for improving the water quality of rivers or lakes.

Domestic scholars started late in the study of new and fragile wetland ecosystems in the hydrofluctuation zone, but have developed rapidly in recent years. Some researches have been carried out on plants, soils, environmental problems and ecological restoration, but most of the research is theoretical research. No proven solution was proposed. A large area of submerged plants can cut waves and curb sediment resuspension to improve transparency. However, if the area is not large enough, submerged vegetation may be destroyed and degraded by the uplifting of plants, disturbance of sediment, and decrease in transparency caused by large waves. Therefore, under the condition of big waves, the locally restored submerged plants may be damaged by the big waves, causing the restored ecosystem to degrade sharply, or even revert back. Due to the limitation of manpower and material resources, the actual restoration of large-scale lake coastal ecosystems can only be gradually expanded, and the area can only be gradually expanded. The usual measures such as using block stones to protect the slope and driving dikes to prevent waves are not only expensive, but also often fail to promote ecological restoration. It also fails to address the goal of gradually expanding the protected wave area. Overcoming the difficulty of wave clipping has become a crucial technical focus for repairing the coastal zone with large water surfaces.

Rigid measures such as cement blocks, embankments and dams are used in conventional engineering for wave prevention and wave cutting. In areas where the water level fluctuates greatly, it is necessary to construct corresponding bank slope sections and pile heights. The longer the rigid pile, the higher the required strength, the depth driven into the bottom mud and the higher the requirement for the hardness of the bottom mud. Its project cost is also just bigger. The scope of rigid pile protection cannot be changed with the expansion of the scope of requirements. However, the restoration scope of the actual water ecosystem needs to be gradually expanded. In the case of extremely large waves that may occur in lakes and reservoirs, the cost of fixed pile/dyke type rigid wave protection and wave cutting projects with greater safety guarantees is very high, and the repair cost after possible damage is also very high. This type of rigid engineering has poor effect on water quality improvement.

Some scholars have proposed a wetland restoration plan for river and lake water-fluctuation zones, such as application number: 201210427602.6 "A Three-stage Ecological Treatment Method for River and Lake Slopes Based on Ecological Bags", which adopts a three-stage treatment method, including dividing underwater slope protection, water-flushing There are three slope sections with slope protection and bank protection and slope protection. For different slope sections, the ecological restoration of the underwater slope protection section, the ecological restoration of the slope protection section of the water-fluctuating belt, and the ecological restoration of the bank protection and slope protection section are carried out. This scheme can effectively restore the ecological environment of the land and water isolation zone of rivers and lakes, but the first point of the claim of the scheme proposes "blocking or cofferdam before construction", "step (1.2) establishing the underwater foundation includes the root river, Grooves are made on the lake bed, gravel cushions are laid on the bottom of the grooves, and reinforced gabion nets are put in.” There is a long construction period, high costs, and low feasibility.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a hydrodynamic self-elevating ebb and flow zone wetland ecological management system, which solves the current problems that the current ebb and flow zone wetland has a very fragile ecosystem and difficult restoration of river ecology due to periodic changes in water level.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned technical features, the purpose of this utility model is achieved in the following way: a hydrodynamic self-elevating and fading belt wetland ecological management system, which includes a lifting guide device, and the lifting guide device is fixedly installed on the side slope A vegetation planting carrier for planting plants is slidably mounted on the lifting guide device, and an energy dissipation device for energy dissipation is connected to the side end surface of the vegetation planting carrier, and the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device are both floating on the water surface.

The lifting guide device includes fixed anchor rods, the fixed anchor rods are anchored on the slope, and guide rods are fixedly installed between the fixed anchor rods, and sliding sleeves are installed on the guide rods for sliding fit. A connector is fixed on the sliding sleeve, and a vegetation planting carrier is connected to the end of the connector.

The vegetation planting carrier includes a buoyancy frame, a floating body is installed on the bottom of the buoyancy frame, a steel wire mesh is installed on the top of the buoyancy frame, a plant growth substrate carrier is arranged on the steel wire mesh, and a plant growth substrate carrier is arranged on the growth substrate carrier. growth substrate.

The buoyancy frame is connected by hollow pipes, the hollow pipes are connected by PVC elbow connectors, the hollow pipes are made of PVC plastic pipes, and the two ends of the PVC plastic pipes are sealed;

The floating body adopts medium-density polyethylene floating body, the shell material of which is polyethylene, and the interior is filled with polyurethane foam.

The plant growth matrix carrier adopts an ecological bag, and small holes for vegetation growth are opened on the upper side of the ecological bag; the ecological bag is made of polypropylene material.

The energy dissipation device adopts a grid plate, and the grid plate has a three-layer structure. Each horizontal plate is assembled from a plurality of prefabricated panels. There is a gap of a certain width between the prefabricated panels. The material of the grid plate is wood , the surface of the grid plate is coated with asphalt, and the energy dissipation device is connected with the buoyancy frame of the vegetation planting carrier through a flexible connector.

The guide rod adopts galvanized steel bars, the guide rod is fixed on the top of the fixed anchor rod by bolts, and the guide rod is arranged obliquely along the side slope.

The steel mesh is a hot-dip galvanized steel mesh with a wire diameter of 0.9±0.04 mm and a mesh size of 12.7×12.7 mm. The steel mesh has a two-layer structure and is fixed with a plant growth matrix carrier.

The utility model has the following beneficial effects:

1. The above-mentioned device is a flexible connection as a whole, and its density is lower than that of water. It can be close to the slope or float on the water surface. The device is fixed on the upper end of the water-fluctuating zone by a fixed anchor. Multiple purposes of ecosystem restoration and riverbank landscape optimization.

2. By adopting the above-mentioned lifting guide device, it can ensure that the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device can always float on the water surface, thereby forming a follow-up system, and adaptively adjusting its height, thereby playing a good role in protecting the wetland slope .

3. Through the above-mentioned vegetation planting carrier, the entire duckweed structure can be formed, and it is located on the edge of the wetland slope, which plays a good role in greening and solves the problem that the current wetland in the ebb and flow zone has a very fragile ecosystem due to periodic changes in water level , the problem that the river ecology is difficult to restore.

4. The plant growth substrate and the plant growth substrate carrier can be used for planting plants, thereby playing a good role in protection and greening.

5. The energy dissipation device connected to the side of the vegetation planting carrier can play the role of energy dissipation and prevent the damage caused by waves to the wetland slope.

6. The construction cost of the above-mentioned ecological management system is low, and the construction period is short, the reliability is high, and it can be widely used.

Description of drawings

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is further described.

Fig. 1 is a sectional view of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the final effect of the utility model.

In the figure: 1 slope, 2 fixed anchor rod, 3 guide rod, 4 slope vegetation, 5 sliding sleeve, 6 connector, 7 steel wire mesh, 8 grid plate, 9 buoyancy frame, 10 flexible connector, 11 Plant Growth Substrate, 12 Plant Growth Substrate Carriers.

Detailed ways

Embodiments of the present utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Example 1:

As shown in Figure 1, a hydrodynamic self-elevating and fading belt wetland ecological management system, it includes a lifting guide device, the lifting guide device is fixedly installed on the side slope 1, and is slid and fitted on the lifting guide device There is a vegetation planting carrier for planting plants, and an energy dissipation device for energy dissipation is connected to the side surface of the vegetation planting carrier, and the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device are both floating on the water surface. Aiming at the problems existing in the traditional wetland slope care, the ecological management system of the utility model can solve the problems caused by the traditional method of piling piling to prevent waves in the ebb and flow zone, and solve the high cost. Moreover, problems such as ecological restoration are often not promoted, and the traditional goal of gradually expanding the protected wave area is avoided. Overcoming the difficulty of wave clipping has become a crucial technical difficulty in restoring the coastal zone with large water surfaces.

Further, the lifting guide device includes fixed anchor rods 2, and the fixed anchor rods 2 are anchored on the slope 1, and guide rods 3 are fixedly installed between the fixed anchor rods 2, and the guide rods 3 A sliding sleeve 5 is installed in a sliding fit, and a connecting piece 6 is fixed on the sliding sleeve 5 , and a vegetation planting carrier is connected to the end of the connecting piece 6 . By adopting the lifting guide device, it can ensure that the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device connected to it can float along the rise and fall of the water surface, thereby ensuring that it is always in contact with the wetland slope of the water-fluctuation zone, and then it can be carried out. Protection avoids the defect that the range of protection of traditional rigid piles cannot change with the expansion of requirements, and enhances its adaptability.

Further, the vegetation planting carrier includes a buoyancy frame 9, a buoyancy body is installed on the bottom of the buoyancy frame 9, a steel wire mesh 7 is installed on the top of the buoyancy frame 9, and a plant growth matrix carrier 12 is arranged on the steel wire mesh 7 , the growth substrate carrier 12 is provided with a plant growth substrate 11 . By adopting the buoyancy frame 9 to provide a carrier for plant growth, it is guaranteed that it always floats on the water surface.

Further, the buoyancy frame 9 is connected by hollow pipes, the hollow pipes are connected by PVC elbow connectors, the hollow pipes are made of PVC plastic pipes, and the two ends of the PVC plastic pipes are sealed; the use of hollow pipes can make it buoyant with the water surface.

Further, the floating body adopts a medium-density polyethylene floating body, the shell material of which is polyethylene, and the interior is filled with polyurethane foam. The vegetation planting carrier can provide buoyancy through the floating body.

Further, the plant growth matrix carrier 12 adopts an ecological bag, and small holes for vegetation growth are opened on the upper side of the ecological bag; the ecological bag is made of polypropylene material. It has the functions of acid and alkali resistance, corrosion resistance, freeze-thaw resistance and so on.

Further, the plant growth substrate 11 adopts a ratio of biological fertilizer: sandy loam: straw powder: slag 5:3:1:1, and the biological fertilizer is biological fertilizer containing active bacteria. Adopting the above proportioning ratio has a good planting effect.

Further, the energy dissipation device adopts a grid plate 8, and the grid plate 8 has a three-layer structure. The material of the grid plate is wood, the surface of the grid plate is coated with asphalt, and the energy dissipation device is connected with the buoyancy frame of the vegetation planting carrier through a flexible connecting piece 10 . By adopting the floating energy dissipation device, the purpose of wave dissipation can be achieved, and the damage of waves to the wetland in the ebb zone can be avoided.

Further, the guide rod 3 is made of galvanized steel bar, the guide rod 3 is fixed on the top of the fixed anchor rod 2 by bolts, and the guide rod 3 is arranged obliquely along the slope. The guide rod 3 can ensure that the energy dissipation device and the vegetation planting carrier mentioned above are always floating on the water surface, which plays a good role in protecting them.

Further, the steel wire mesh is a hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.9±0.04 mm and a mesh size of 12.7×12.7 mm. The steel wire mesh has a two-layer structure and fixes the plant growth matrix carrier.

Example 2:

The construction method of a hydrodynamic self-elevating and falling zone wetland ecological management system described in any one is characterized in that it includes the following steps:

Step1: Prepare a buoyancy frame 9 made of hollow pipes, and install the buoyancy body on the bottom of the buoyancy frame 9;

Step2: Prepare the plant growth matrix 11, place the vegetation growth matrix 11 in the vegetation planting carrier 12;

Step3: Wrap the buoyancy frame 9 and the vegetation planting carrier 12 up and down with a wire mesh 7, and fix them with ropes;

Step4: Prepare an energy dissipation device composed of three-layer grid plates, and connect the energy dissipation device and the buoyancy frame 9 through a flexible connector 10;

Step5: Prepare the fixed anchor rod 2 and the guide rod 3, install the fixed anchor rod 2 on the construction slope, and install the guide rod 3 on the fixed anchor rod 2;

Step6: plant aquatic vegetation on the vegetation growth substrate 11, place the floating island monomer composed of the vegetation planting carrier and energy dissipation device in the water body, and plant aquatic plants on it; and combine it with the guide rod 3 Between sliding sleeve 5 sliding connection.

The above-described embodiments are used to explain the utility model, rather than to limit the utility model. Within the spirit of the utility model and the protection scope of the claims, any modifications and changes made to the utility model all fall into the scope of the utility model. scope of protection.

Claims (8)

1. A hydrodynamic self-elevating and fading zone wetland ecological management system, characterized in that it includes a lifting guide device, the lifting guide device is fixedly installed on the slope (1), and slides on the lifting guide device Cooperating with the vegetation planting carrier for planting plants, the side end surface of the vegetation planting carrier is connected with an energy dissipation device for energy dissipation, and the vegetation planting carrier and the energy dissipation device are both floating on the water surface. 2. A hydrodynamic self-elevating and falling zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lifting guide device includes a fixed anchor (2), and the fixed anchor (2) is anchored On the slope (1), a guide rod (3) is fixedly installed between the fixed anchor rods (2), and a sliding sleeve (5) is installed on the guide rod (3) for sliding fit. A connector (6) is fixed on the casing (5), and a vegetation planting carrier is connected to the end of the connector (6). 3. A hydrodynamic self-elevating and falling zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vegetation planting carrier includes a buoyancy frame (9), and the bottom of the buoyancy frame (9) is installed with A floating body, a steel wire mesh (7) is installed on the top of the buoyancy frame (9), a plant growth substrate carrier (12) is arranged on the steel wire mesh (7), and a plant growth substrate carrier (12) is arranged on the growth substrate carrier (12). Matrix (11). 4. A hydrodynamic self-elevating and falling zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the buoyancy frame (9) is connected by hollow pipes, and the hollow pipes are connected by PVC elbow connectors The hollow pipe is made of PVC plastic pipe, and the two ends of the PVC plastic pipe are sealed; The floating body adopts medium-density polyethylene floating body, the shell material of which is polyethylene, and the interior is filled with polyurethane foam. 5. A hydrodynamic self-elevating ebb and flow zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the plant growth substrate carrier (12) adopts an ecological bag, and the upper side of the ecological bag is opened for vegetation growth. The small hole; the ecological bag is polypropylene material. 6. A hydrodynamic self-elevating ebb and flow zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 1, characterized in that: the energy dissipation device adopts a grid plate (8), and the grid plate (8) is three Layer structure, each layer of horizontal slabs is assembled by multiple prefabricated slabs, there is a gap of a certain width between the prefabricated slabs, the material of the grid panels is wood, the surface of the grid panels is coated with asphalt, and the energy dissipation device passes through flexible connectors (10) Connect with the buoyancy frame of the vegetation planting carrier. 7. A hydrodynamic self-elevating and falling zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 2, characterized in that: the guide rod (3) is made of galvanized steel bars, and the guide rod (3) is fixed on the The top of the anchor rod (2) is fixed, and the guide rod (3) is arranged obliquely along the side slope. 8. A hydrodynamic self-elevating ebb and flow zone wetland ecological management system according to claim 3, characterized in that: the steel wire mesh is a hot-dip galvanized steel wire mesh with a wire diameter of 0.9±0.04mm and a mesh size of 12.7×12.7 mm, the steel mesh is a two-layer structure, and the plant growth substrate carrier is fixed.