CN207369567U - A kind of wheat no-tillage planter - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a wheat no-tillage seeder, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. The wheat no-tillage seeder includes a grain dividing device, a suspension frame, a frame, a fertilization ditch opener, a fertilizer discharge system, a seed discharge ditch opener, a seed discharge system, an anti-blocking disc and a suppression device. The wheat no-tillage planter described in the utility model can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, soil covering, and suppression at one time. Wheat is sown in the stubble field. The wheat no-tillage seeder has strong adaptability, low cost and easy popularization.

Description

No-tillage seeder for wheat

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to an agricultural machinery equipment. In particular, the utility model relates to a wheat no-tillage seeder suitable for the whole corn stalk stubble field.

Background technique

On the vast land of China, there are mainly two types of farming methods: one is traditional sowing and fertilization after tillage; the other is direct sowing and fertilization after harvest in order to reduce damage to the surface soil structure. The latter is the no-tillage seeding technology popularized and developed on the vast land of our country, and its technical superiority is further highlighted.

No-tillage seeding technology is an important part of conservation tillage technology. Nowadays, there are many problems in the no-tillage sowing technology. For the corn-wheat planting area in northern my country, a large amount of stubble is left after the corn machine is harvested, which leads to serious congestion in the working process of the seeder; if the stubble is cleaned manually or mechanically, it is time-consuming strenuous. None of the existing no-tillage seeders can solve this problem well. For example, the patent number of the utility model "Rotary Knife No-tillage Wheat Seeder" is 201621025248.4. However, the anti-blocking effect of this type of machine is not obvious when there is a large amount of straw coverage; the invention patent "secondary crushing belt rotary tillage seeder" patent number 201210330879.7 is a type of no-tillage sowing The machine adopts the method of installing a rotary cultivator or a straw grinder before sowing and fertilizing. Although it has a good anti-blocking effect, it still has the problems of large amount of ground breaking, large power consumption, and low efficiency. On the other hand, during the no-tillage sowing process, due to the uneven ground, the vibration of the machine causes the seeds to jump, so that the sowing uniformity is reduced; it forms a certain obstacle to the realization of wide-width precision sowing of wheat.

Nowadays, our country is further strengthening the management of the environment, and conservation tillage can prevent natural disasters such as strong winds and sandstorms and sandstorms. Therefore the market is badly in need of a practical no-tillage seeder, which needs features such as good anti-blocking function, good seeding effect, low power consumption, and small amount of soil.

Utility model content

Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a wheat no-tillage seeder. From two aspects of agronomy and agricultural machinery technology, a no-tillage seeding method and a no-tillage seeder that can realize precise sowing in corn residues are proposed. The no-tillage seeder can work stably and power Consumption is small.

For achieving above object, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:

A wheat no-tillage seeder, suitable for operation under the cover of the whole stalk of corn, comprising: three-point suspension traction frame 2, frame 5, grain dividing device 1, fertilizer discharge system 3, seed discharge system 4, suppression device 6, row Kind of ditch opener 7 and fertilization ditch opener 9,

The three-point suspension traction frame 2 is fixed on the front end of the frame 5; the three-point suspension traction frame 2 is composed of a side tie rod and a transverse tie rod, one end of the side tie rod is connected with the tractor through a pin shaft, and the other end of the side tie rod is fixed on The front end of the frame (5); the frame 5 is a frame structure welded by two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel and four beams arranged in parallel; the first beam of the frame 5 is used for fixed fertilization Ditch opener 9, the second and third beams are used to fix the seeding opener 7, and the fourth beam is used to fix the suppression device 6;

The grain dividing device 1 is installed at the front end of the frame 5 for clearing lodging straw and weeds between the corn ridges; The top rear of frame 5.

On the basis of the above scheme, the grain dividing device 1 includes several quadrangular pyramid housings, connecting shafts and support rods; the top of the quadrangular pyramid housings is forward, and the bottom is connected to the supporting rods through the connecting shafts, and the supporting rods are installed On both sides of the front end of the frame 5; the front end of the quadrangular pyramid shell is equipped with an anti-soil tip; the grain dividing device 1 is close to the ground surface and has floating properties, and the distance from the ground surface can fluctuate with the ground surface.

On the basis of the above scheme, the fertilizer discharge system 3 includes a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharger and a fertilizer delivery pipe; the fertilizer box is connected with the fertilizer discharger, and the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer delivery pipe; the fertilizer discharger is Four groups, the number of each group is two, fertilize three rows of wheat in the same corn ridge respectively; the fertilizer discharge device is a chute wheel type fertilizer discharge device.

On the basis of the above scheme, the seed metering system 4 includes a seed box, a seed meter, and a seed delivery pipe; the seed box is connected to the seed meter, and the seed meter is connected to the seed delivery pipe; the seed meter is Chute wheel seed meter.

On the basis of the above scheme, the seed box is connected with the fertilizer box to form a combined box body.

On the basis of the above scheme, the fertilization opener 9 includes a profiling U-shaped clip spring 10, an anti-blocking roller 11, a main body opener 12 and an opener support tube; the upper part of the opener support tube passes through Fixing fixture 13 is fixed on the first crossbeam of frame, and the lower periphery of described ditch opener support pipe is sheathed with anti-blocking cylinder 11, and described anti-blockage cylinder 11 is integral structure; A profiling U-shaped clip spring 10 is set on the outer periphery of the middle part, and the profiling U-shaped clip spring 10 is located between the fixing fixture 13 and the anti-blocking roller 11; the lower end of the opener support pipe is connected with the main body opener 12.

On the basis of the above solution, one quadrangular pyramid shell corresponds to two fertilization openers 9, and the two fertilization openers 9 are arranged side by side.

On the basis of the above scheme, the seeding opener 7 includes a square pipe 14, an opener main body 18, a conveying impeller belt 15, a primary buffer plate 16 and a secondary buffer plate 17; the opener main body 18 is installed At the lower end of the square pipe 14, the conveying impeller belt 15 is installed in the square pipe 14, and the outer periphery of the conveying impeller belt 15 has a scraper for conveying seeds; The bottom of the conveying impeller belt 15; the secondary buffer plate 17 is a floating corrugated plate, fixed below the primary buffer plate 16, and set opposite to the primary buffer plate 16; the width of the secondary buffer plate 17 is 6-7cm Spring is installed on the described secondary buffer plate 17, and one end of described spring is connected with secondary buffer plate 17, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of square pipe 14, can guarantee that secondary buffer plate 17 changes with ground undulation, guarantees sowing The uniformity of the depth, on the other hand, can prevent the secondary buffer plate 17 from being damaged.

On the basis of the above scheme, the seed row openers 7 are arranged alternately in two rows, and the number of seed row openers 7 in the second row is twice that of the first row.

On the basis of the above scheme, in the first row of seeding openers 7, each seeding opener 7 is equipped with two anti-blocking discs 8, and the two anti-blocking discs 8 are supported by a support plate It is fixedly connected with the folded plate; the support plate is welded on both sides of the lower half of the seed row opener 7, the folded plate is located above the support plate, and the two ends are welded and fixed to the two ends of the support plate. The plugging discs 8 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the folding plate through shafts and bolts, and are used to wrap the two adjacent seeding openers 7 on the left and right in the second row of seeding openers 7; When meeting weeds or stalks, the anti-blocking disk 8 rotates to cut off the weeds or stalks.

On the basis of the above scheme, the suppressing device 6 is composed of several single crushing wheels 19, which are connected by a central axis; several inclined grooves 20 are welded on the single crushing wheels 19 .

A method for sowing wheat with corn stalk residues, using the above-mentioned wheat no-tillage seeder, comprising the following steps:

1) planting pattern: the planting pattern is sowing wheat in wide and narrow rows, and the specific method is to sow three rows of wheat between the row spacing of 50-70cm corn, and the three rows of wheat are three sowing belts with a width of 5-7cm. The distance between the bands is 14-17cm.

2) Fertilization method: the fertilization method is lateral deep application, and the specific method is to apply two rows of fertilizer between the three rows of wheat, and the two rows of fertilizer are between the three rows of wheat in the corn row spacing.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

Through the above description, the superiority of the present utility model can be clearly and directly understood. The utility model overcomes many defects in the prior art on the level of organic integration of agricultural machinery and agronomy. In terms of agronomy, on the one hand, three rows of wheat are sown between the corn ridges, and the three rows of wheat are fertilized at the side and deep to improve the utilization rate of fertilizers; sowing wheat in wide and narrow rows improves the ventilation between wheat rows and increases the use of light; The opener is equipped with a secondary buffer device, and the wide-width precision sowing technology of wheat is applied to the seeder to form a good wheat community environment, thereby increasing the comprehensive yield of wheat. On the other hand, it avoids corn residues and solves the problem of easy congestion of wheat no-tillage seeders without using a rotary tillage mechanism, and improves the efficiency of the seeders. Invented a wheat no-tillage fertilization seeder without rotary tillage, which minimizes the amount of soil breaking and promotes the promotion of conservation tillage technology. This wheat no-tillage seeder can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, soil covering and suppression at one time, and is suitable for sowing wheat in the whole stubble field. The machine has strong adaptability, low cost and easy popularization.

Description of drawings

The utility model has following drawings:

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model wheat no-tillage planter;

Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of rack installation of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a fertilization ditch opener of the present utility model;

Fig. 4 is a sectional view of the utility model seed row opener;

Fig. 5 is the installation schematic diagram of the utility model anti-blocking disc;

Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the pressing wheel of the present invention.

Reference signs:

1 Grain splitting device 2 Three-point hitch drawer

3 Fertilizer discharge system 4 Seed discharge system

5 Frame 6 Compression device

7 Seed openers 8 Anti-blocking discs

9 Fertilizer opener 10 Profiled U-shaped clip spring

11 Anti-blocking roller 12 Main body opener

13 Fixing clamp 14 Square tube

15 Conveying impeller belt 16 Primary buffer plate

17 Secondary buffer plate 18 Opener body

19 single-piece pressure wheel 20 chute

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is described in further detail.

As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, a wheat no-tillage planter is suitable for operation under the cover of the whole stalk of corn, including: three-point suspension traction frame 2, frame 5, grain dividing device 1, fertilizer discharge system 3, row Seed system 4, suppression device 6, seeding ditch opener 7 and fertilization ditch opener 9,

The three-point suspension traction frame 2 is fixed on the front end of the frame 5; the three-point suspension traction frame 2 is composed of side tie rods and cross tie rods, and the side tie rods and cross tie rods are respectively connected with the upper and lower pull rods of the tractor through pin shafts; The frame 5 is a frame structure, which is welded by two longitudinal beams arranged in parallel and four beams arranged in parallel; the first beam of the frame 5 is used to fix the fertilization opener 9, the second and the third The root beam is used to fix the seeding opener 7, and the fourth beam is used to fix the suppression device 6;

The grain dividing device 1 is installed at the front end of the frame 5 for clearing lodging straw and weeds between the corn ridges; The top rear of frame 5.

As shown in Figure 2, the grain dividing device 1 includes several quadrangular pyramid housings, connecting shafts and support rods; the top of the quadrangular pyramid housings is forward, and the bottom is connected to the supporting rods through the connecting shafts, and the supporting rods are fixed on Both sides of the front end of frame 5; for avoiding that the grain dividing device accidentally burrows into the soil, an anti-burrowing tip is installed at the front end of the quadrangular pyramid housing; The ground undulates.

As shown in Figure 3, the fertilization opener 9 includes a profiling U-shaped clip spring 10, an anti-blocking roller 11, a main body opener 12 and an opener support tube; the upper part of the opener support tube is fixed by Fixture 13 is fixed on the first crossbeam of the frame, and the lower outer periphery of the opener support pipe is covered with an anti-blocking roller 11, and the anti-blocking roller 11 is an integral structure; the middle part of the opener support pipe A profiling U-shaped clip spring 10 is set between the outer periphery, the fixing fixture 13 and the anti-blocking roller 11; the lower end of the opener support pipe is connected with the opener 12 of the main body.

One quadrangular pyramid shell corresponds to two fertilization openers 9, and the two fertilization openers 9 are arranged side by side, so as to reduce weed congestion.

The anti-blocking cylinder 11 is on the main body ditch opener 12, and the anti-blocking cylinder is integral, and it can rotate with the increase of weeds when weeds are entangled. In order to reduce the wear and tear of the fertilization ditch opener, the profiling U-shaped clip spring 10 is installed on the anti-blocking drum 11, and combined with the fixing fixture 13.

As shown in Figure 4, described seeding opener 7 comprises square pipe 14, opener main body 18, conveying impeller belt 15, primary buffer plate 16 and secondary buffer plate 17; Described opener main body 18 is installed on The lower end of the square tube 14, the transmission impeller belt 15 is installed in the square tube 14, and the outer periphery of the transmission impeller belt 15 has a scraper for transporting seeds; The bottom of the impeller belt 15; the secondary buffer plate 17 is a floating corrugated plate, fixed on the bottom of the primary buffer plate 16, and is set opposite to the primary buffer plate 16; the width of the secondary buffer plate 17 is 6-7cm; A spring is installed on the secondary buffer plate 17, one end of the spring is connected with the secondary buffer plate 17, and the other end is fixed on the lower end of the square tube 14, which can ensure that the secondary buffer plate 17 changes with the ground fluctuations and ensure the sowing depth On the other hand, it can prevent the secondary buffer plate 17 from being damaged. The seeds are evenly scattered on the seed bed through the secondary buffer plate, so as to realize the wide and precise sowing of wheat and promote the later growth of wheat.

During the whole seed-discharging process, the seeds in the seed box are discharged through the seed-metering device, conveyed through the conveying impeller belt 15, and evenly sowed in the U-shaped ditch after twice buffering.

The seed row openers 7 are arranged alternately in front and rear rows, and the number of seed row openers 7 in the second row is twice that of the first row of seed openers 7 . One row of wheat is sown in the front row, and two rows of wheat are sown in the rear row. This arrangement further improves the anti-blocking performance.

As shown in Figure 5, in the first row of seeding openers 7, each seeding opener 7 is equipped with two anti-blocking discs 8, and the two anti-blocking discs 8 are composed of support plates and The folded plate is fixedly connected, the support plate is welded on both sides of the lower half of the seed row opener 7, the folded plate is located above the support plate, and the two ends are welded and fixed to the two ends of the support plate, and the two anti-blocking The discs 8 are respectively fixed to the two ends of the folding plate through shafts and bolts, and are used to wrap the two adjacent seeding openers 7 in the second row of seeding openers 7; For weeds or stalks, the anti-blocking disc 8 rotates to cut off the weeds or stalks.

As shown in Figure 6, the suppressing device 6 is composed of several single suppressing wheels 19, which are connected by a central axis; the single suppressing wheels 19 are in order to avoid slipping between the suppressing wheels and the ground. Affecting the uniformity of sowing, several inclined grooves 20 are welded on the single pressing wheel 19 .

The fertilizer discharge system 3 includes a fertilizer box, a fertilizer discharger and a fertilizer delivery pipe; the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer discharger, and the fertilizer discharger is connected with the fertilizer delivery pipe; the fertilizer discharger is four groups, and the number of each group is The second is to fertilize the three rows of wheat in the same corn ridge respectively; the structure of the fertilizer discharger is a slanted wheel type, and the uniformity of the fertilizer discharge is slightly higher than that of the common grooved wheel fertilizer discharger.

The seed metering system 4 includes a seed box, a seed metering device, and a seed delivery pipe; the seed metering device is a chute wheel type seed metering device, which has high seed metering uniformity and small pulsation.

The seed box is connected with the fertilizer box to form a combined box body.

A method for sowing wheat with corn stalk residues, using the above-mentioned wheat no-tillage seeder, comprising the following steps:

1) Planting mode: sowing wheat in wide and narrow row planting mode, specifically sowing three rows of wheat between 50-70cm corn row spacing, the three rows of wheat are three sowing belts, the width of the sowing belt is 5-7cm, and the width of the sowing belt is 5-7cm. The distance is 14-17cm.

2) Fertilization method: the fertilization method is lateral deep application, specifically two rows of fertilizer are applied between the three rows of wheat, and the two rows of fertilizer are between the three rows of wheat in the corn row spacing.

When the wheat no-tillage seeder described in the utility model is working, it is pulled by a tractor, and the power is transmitted to the suppression device through the three-point suspension traction frame, and the power is transmitted to each executive component through the chain transmission, including the fertilization system and the seeding system. . During the advance of the seeder, the corn stalks and weeds between the corn rows are cleaned by the grain dividing device; the fertilizer discharge system sends the fertilizer into the fertilization ditch opener, and the side deep fertilization is carried out through the fertilization ditch opener; the seed metering system sends the seeds into the Sowing opener, through the seeding opener for wide-width precision sowing; finally, the entire sowing process is completed by suppression of the suppression device. The wheat no-tillage seeder can complete multiple operations such as fertilization, sowing, soil covering and compaction at one time. It has good anti-blocking function, sowing uniformity, low power consumption, and small amount of soil. It is suitable for semi-full corn stalks or whole Wheat is sown in the stubble field. The machine has strong adaptability, low cost and easy popularization.

Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the utility model without limitation. Although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the utility model can be Modification or equivalent replacement of the technical solution without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the utility model, all of which shall be covered in the scope of the utility model claims.

The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of wheat no-tillage planter, it is characterised in that：Including trifilar suspension hitch frame (2), rack (5), divide standing grain device (1), fertilizer system (3), metering system (4), suppression device (6), row-planting opener (7) and applicator boot (9),

The trifilar suspension hitch frame (2) is fixed on the front end of rack (5)；The trifilar suspension hitch frame (2) by lateral bracing strut and Drag link forms, and one end of lateral bracing strut is connected by axis pin with tractor, before the other end of lateral bracing strut is fixed on rack (5) End；The rack (5) is frame structure, is formed by two longerons arranged in parallel and four beam weldings arranged in parallel；Institute First crossbeam of rack (5) is stated for fixing applicator boot (9), second and the 3rd crossbeam are ditched for fixing seeding Device (7), the 4th crossbeam is for fixed suppression device (6)；

Described point of standing grain device (1) is installed on the front end of rack (5), for clearing up weeds between lodging stalk and corn ridge；It is described Fertilizer system (3) is installed on the upper front part of rack (5), and metering system (4) is installed on the upper rear of rack (5).

2. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described point of standing grain device (1) includes several four Pyramid housing, connecting shaft and supporting rod；Forward, bottom is connected through connecting shaft with supporting rod at the top of the tetragonous cone shell, support Bar is installed on the front end both sides of rack (5)；The front end of the tetragonous cone shell is equipped with anti-tip of burying；Described point of standing grain device (1) It is close to earth's surface, there is floatability.

3. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The fertilizer system (3) includes fertilizer box, row Fertile device and fertilizer delivering pipe；The fertilizer box is connected with fertilizer apparatus, and fertilizer apparatus is connected with fertilizer delivering pipe；The fertilizer apparatus is four groups, every group Number is two, is respectively three row wheat fertilizings between same corn ridge；The fertilizer apparatus is the wheeled fertilizer apparatus of skewed slot；

The metering system (4) includes plants case, feed mechanism for seed, seed spout；The plants case is connected with feed mechanism for seed, feed mechanism for seed and seed spout Connection；The feed mechanism for seed is skewed slot Type Seed Metering Device；

The plants case is connected with fertilizer box, forms combined box.

4. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：The applicator boot (9) includes imitative type U Type folder spring (10), anti-blocking roller (11), main body plough (12) and plough support tube；The top of the plough support tube It is fixed on by stationary fixture (13) on first crossbeam of rack, the lower, outer perimeter of the plough support tube is set with anti-blocking Roller (11), the anti-blocking roller (11) are monolithic construction；It is U-shaped that the middle part periphery of the plough support tube is set with imitative type Spring (10) is pressed from both sides, the imitative type U-shaped folder spring (10) is located between stationary fixture (13) and anti-blocking roller (11)；The plough The lower end of support tube is connected with main body plough (12).

5. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：One tetragonous cone shell corresponds to two Applicator boot (9), described two applicator boots (9) are arranged side by side.

6. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The row-planting opener (7) includes square Manage (14), plough main body (18), transmission impeller band (15), a buffer board (16) and secondary buffer plate (17)；The trench digging Device main body (18) is installed on the lower end of rectangular tube (14), and transmission impeller band (15) is installed in rectangular tube (14), transmits impeller band (15) periphery is useful for the scraper plate of conveying seed；Buffer board (16) is notch board shape, be fixed in rectangular tube (14), Transmit the lower section of impeller band (15)；The secondary buffer plate (17) is floating corrugated plating, is fixed under a buffer board (16) Side, and be oppositely arranged with a buffer board (16)；The width of the secondary buffer plate (17) is 6-7cm；The secondary buffer plate (17) spring is installed, one end of the spring is connected with secondary buffer plate (17), and the other end is fixed on rectangular tube (14) on Lower end.

7. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：The row-planting opener (7) is front and rear two Interlaced arrangement is arranged, the quantity of second row row-planting opener (7) is 2 times of first row row-planting opener (7).

8. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 7, it is characterised in that：In the first row row-planting opener (7), Each row-planting opener (7) is equipped with 2 anti-blocking disks (8), and 2 anti-blocking disks (8) are fixed by support plate and folded plate to be connected It connects；The support plate is welded in the lower half both sides of row-planting opener (7), and folded plate is located at the top of support plate, and both ends and branch The both ends of fagging are welded and fixed, and 2 anti-blocking disks (8) are fixed on the both ends of folded plate by axis and bolt respectively, for wrapping Wrap up in 2 adjacent row-planting openers (7) of left and right in second row row-planting opener (7)；Meet during seeder advances miscellaneous Grass or stalk, anti-blocking disk (8) are rotated weeds or straw cutting.

9. wheat no-tillage planter according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The suppression device (6) is by several monomers Press wheel (19) forms, and passes through a middle axis connection between several monomer press wheels (19)；The monomer press wheel (19) Upper several skewed slots (20) of welding.