CN207270396U - The shelly-shaped dental appliance of interference is closed for rescuing tooth - Google Patents
The shelly-shaped dental appliance of interference is closed for rescuing tooth Download PDFInfo
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- CN207270396U CN207270396U CN201720177059.7U CN201720177059U CN207270396U CN 207270396 U CN207270396 U CN 207270396U CN 201720177059 U CN201720177059 U CN 201720177059U CN 207270396 U CN207270396 U CN 207270396U
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- 208000004099 Angle Class III Malocclusion Diseases 0.000 description 1
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- Dental Tools And Instruments Or Auxiliary Dental Instruments (AREA)
Abstract
本实用新型提供了一种用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械,其为一体的壳状,具有容纳第一牙列多颗牙齿的空腔,并且在尖牙至磨牙之间的区域内向对颌方向凸起形成颌垫,用于将所述第一牙列与对颌牙列打开到足够的程度,以解除所述对颌牙列的前牙对所述第一牙列的前牙的调整的阻碍,所述空腔具有将所述多颗牙齿从第一布局重新定位到第二布局的几何形状,其中,所述第二布局的前牙位置与所述第一布局不同。
The utility model provides a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference, which is an integral shell-shaped cavity with a cavity for accommodating a plurality of teeth in the first dentition, and faces outward in the area between canines and molars. The opposing jaw protrudes to form a jaw pad for opening the first dentition from the opposing dentition to an extent sufficient to release the anterior teeth of the opposing dentition from the anterior teeth of the first dentition. The cavity has a geometry that repositions the plurality of teeth from a first layout to a second layout, wherein the anterior teeth of the second layout are different from the first layout.
Description
技术领域technical field
本申请总体上涉及用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械。The present application relates generally to shell-shaped dental appliances for the treatment of occlusal disturbances.
背景技术Background technique
牙合(occlusion)是上、下牙齿咬合的关系和功能。错牙合畸形会影响颅面牙牙合协调、美观及功能的异常咬合、颅面结构及生长方向。因此,一般建议错牙合畸形的矫治尽早开始,在儿童早期生长发育阶段对已表现出的牙颌畸形、畸形趋势及可导致牙颌畸形的病因进行预防和阻断,最大限度地创建颅面牙牙合协调发育的口颌环境,这就是目前所提倡的早期矫治(也称为Ⅰ期矫治)。已过生长发育高峰期儿童及成人的常规综合正畸治疗则称为Ⅱ期矫治。Occlusion is the relationship and function of upper and lower teeth. Malocclusion affects craniofacial occlusal coordination, abnormal occlusion, craniofacial structure, and growth direction, both aesthetically and functionally. Therefore, it is generally recommended to start the treatment of malocclusion as early as possible, to prevent and block the exhibited dento-jaw deformities, deformity trends, and causes of dento-jaw deformities during the early growth and development stages of children, and to maximize the creation of craniofacial deformities. The oral and maxillary environment where the occlusal and occlusal development are coordinated, this is the early orthodontic treatment (also known as the first-stage orthodontic treatment) advocated at present. Conventional comprehensive orthodontic treatment for children and adults who have passed their peak growth and development period is called phase II orthodontic treatment.
目前,对于上颌发育不足乳牙反牙合的情况,包括前牙内倾型反牙合和前牙前突型反牙合,常用上颌双曲舌簧颌垫式矫治器进行矫正,根据不同情况调整矫治器加力部位,解除下颌功能前伸,促进上颌骨发育。对于下颌发育过度乳牙反牙合的情况,常用下颌唇弓内收下前牙,改善下前牙唇倾。At present, for underbites of underdeveloped deciduous teeth in the upper jaw, including introverted anterior crossbites and protruding anterior crossbites, maxillary double-curved reed jaw pad appliances are commonly used for correction, and the orthodontic treatment can be adjusted according to different situations The force part of the organ relieves the protraction of the mandibular function and promotes the development of the maxilla. For the over-developed deciduous teeth in the mandibular crossbite, the lower anterior teeth are often retracted by the mandibular labial arch to improve the lower anterior labial inclination.
上颌双曲舌簧颌垫式矫治器在临床乳牙反牙合中应用较为广泛。该类矫治器由固位、加力和连接三部分组成。The maxillary double-curved tongue-reed pad appliance is widely used in clinical deciduous crossbite. This type of appliance consists of three parts: retention, reinforcement and connection.
固位体为不锈钢丝弯制而成的卡环,主要依靠牙冠颊面倒凹及两邻牙楔状隙固位。该固位方式有两个弊端:一方面,乳牙倒凹不明显的患儿易出现固位不佳,多次摘戴后固位装置易变形,影响戴用及治疗效果,且矫治器易松动脱落导致患儿误吞;另一方面,卡环常压迫牙龈引起患儿疼痛不适,严重者甚至会导致牙龈红肿增生,不仅对患儿的口腔卫生健康有影响,而且容易使患儿对治疗产生抵触心理。The retainer is a clasp made of bent stainless steel wire, which is mainly retained by the buccal undercut of the crown and the wedge-shaped gap between the two adjacent teeth. This retention method has two disadvantages: on the one hand, children with inconspicuous deciduous tooth undercuts are prone to poor retention, and the retention device is easily deformed after repeated removal and wear, which affects wearing and treatment effects, and the appliance is easy to loose On the other hand, the clasp often oppresses the gums and causes pain and discomfort, and in severe cases, it may even lead to redness, swelling and hyperplasia of the gums. Resist mentality.
加力部分为前牙双曲舌簧,舌簧由0.4-0.5mm的弹性不锈钢丝弯制,直接作用于前牙舌面。摘戴过程中不锈钢丝易划伤周围黏膜,舌簧加力不当易造成牙龈压痛,且双曲舌簧长期加力后易疲劳发生断裂,致使患者误吞和尖锐断端刺激牙龈。因双曲舌簧每次加力效应仅能维持1-2周,患儿复诊较为频繁。而目前早期矫正尚未完全普及,患儿异地就医情况普遍,此类复诊模式不利于患者坚持治疗,许多患儿因复诊困难延误治疗时机。The force part is the anterior hyperbolic tongue reed, which is made of 0.4-0.5mm elastic stainless steel wire and acts directly on the lingual surface of the anterior teeth. The stainless steel wire is easy to scratch the surrounding mucous membrane during removal and wearing, and the improper force of the tongue reed can easily cause tenderness of the gums, and the hyperbolic tongue reed is prone to fatigue and breakage after long-term force, resulting in swallowing by the patient and irritation of the gums by the sharp broken end. Because the force effect of the hyperbolic reed can only last for 1-2 weeks each time, the children are often referred to the clinic. At present, early correction has not been fully popularized, and it is common for children to seek medical treatment in different places. This kind of follow-up mode is not conducive to patients' adherence to treatment, and many children delay the timing of treatment due to difficulties in follow-up visits.
连接部分(包括后牙颌垫)为义齿基托树脂。义齿基托树脂材料主体是聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯及其改性产品,包括自凝型和热凝型,在调磨和修补颌垫过程中会产生刺激性化学气味,对儿童健康不利。为了完全包绕固位卡环和加力装置,矫治器连接体部分较大,常压迫腭侧黏膜。另外,食物残渣容易进入矫治器与粘膜之间,不利于清洁。而儿童本身腭部敏感,咽反射较成人严重,心智未成熟配合程度低,佩戴过程对舒适性要求更高。The connecting part (including the posterior jaw pad) is denture base resin. The main body of the denture base resin material is polymethyl methacrylate and its modified products, including self-setting type and heat-setting type, which will produce irritating chemical odor during the process of grinding and repairing the jaw pad, which is not good for children's health. In order to completely surround the retention clasp and the force-reinforcing device, the connecting body of the appliance is relatively large, which often compresses the palatal mucosa. In addition, food residues are easy to enter between the appliance and the mucous membrane, which is not conducive to cleaning. However, children themselves have sensitive palate, more serious gag reflex than adults, and a lower degree of mental immaturity, so they have higher requirements for comfort during wearing.
此外,在矫治器使用过程中,患者及家长摘戴不当易引起矫治器变形,颌垫易损坏造成锐利边缘划伤黏膜。In addition, during the use of the appliance, improper removal and wearing by patients and parents can easily cause the appliance to deform, and the jaw pad is easily damaged, causing sharp edges to scratch the mucous membrane.
对于其他的牙合干扰问题,目前也多是应用上颌双曲舌簧颌垫式矫治器进行治疗。下颌唇弓矫治器装置与其类似,在固位、加力和连接方式上均有此类问题。For other occlusal interference problems, the maxillary hyperbolic reed jaw pad type appliance is mostly used for treatment at present. The mandibular labial arch appliance is similar to it, and has such problems in retention, reinforcement and connection methods.
传统矫治器治疗牙合干扰在安全性、舒适性以及便捷性方面都有其局限性,还有待进一步改进,因此希望寻求一种更为安全、舒适和便捷的矫治器。Traditional aligners for the treatment of occlusal interference have limitations in terms of safety, comfort, and convenience, and need to be further improved. Therefore, it is hoped to seek a safer, more comfortable, and more convenient aligner.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的一方面提供了一种用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械,其为一体的壳状,具有容纳第一牙列多颗牙齿的空腔,并且在尖牙至磨牙之间的区域内向对颌方向凸起形成颌垫,用于将所述第一牙列与对颌牙列打开到足够的程度,以解除所述对颌牙列的前牙对所述第一牙列的前牙的调整的阻碍,所述空腔具有将所述多颗牙齿从第一布局重新定位到第二布局的几何形状,其中,所述第二布局的前牙位置与所述第一布局不同。One aspect of the utility model provides a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference, which is an integral shell-shaped cavity with a cavity for accommodating multiple teeth of the first dentition, and between the canines and the molars Protruding toward the opposing jaw in the area of the jaw to form a jaw pad for opening the first dentition and the opposing dentition to a sufficient extent to release the anterior teeth of the opposing dentition from the first dentition an impediment to adjustment of the anterior teeth, the cavity having a geometry that repositions the plurality of teeth from a first layout to a second layout, wherein the anterior teeth positions of the second layout are the same as those of the first layout different.
在一些实施方式中,所述第二布局的前牙的轴倾度与所述第一布局不同。In some embodiments, the axial inclination of the anterior teeth of the second arrangement is different from that of the first arrangement.
在一些实施方式中,所述颌垫靠对颌方向的第一表面的形状与咬合时对颌牙齿被该第一表面所覆盖的第一部分的形状凹凸匹配,使得咬合时所述第一表面与所述第一部分基本贴合。In some embodiments, the shape of the first surface of the jaw pad in the direction of the opposing jaw matches the concave-convex shape of the first part of the opposing teeth covered by the first surface when occlusal, so that the first surface is in contact with the first surface when occlusal. The first portion substantially conforms.
在一些实施方式中,所述用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械的厚度为0.2~2.0mm。In some embodiments, the thickness of the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference is 0.2-2.0 mm.
在一些实施方式中,所述用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械上形成有固定结构,以与设置在牙齿上的附件配合,将所述用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械固定在牙齿上。In some embodiments, the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference is formed with a fixing structure to cooperate with the attachments arranged on the teeth to fix the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference on the teeth.
在一些实施方式中,所述固定结构为以下之一:镂空结构、内凹结构及其组合。In some embodiments, the fixing structure is one of the following: a hollow structure, a concave structure and a combination thereof.
附图说明Description of drawings
以下将结合附图及其详细描述对本申请的上述及其他特征作进一步说明。应当理解的是,这些附图仅示出了根据本申请的若干示例性的实施方式,因此不应被视为是对本申请保护范围的限制。除非特别指出,附图不必是成比例的,并且其中类似的标号表示类似的部件。The above and other features of the present application will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and detailed description thereof. It should be understood that these drawings only show some exemplary implementations according to the application, and thus should not be regarded as limiting the protection scope of the application. Unless otherwise indicated, the drawings are not necessarily to scale, and like reference numerals designate like components.
图1A为本申请一个实施例中内倾型乳前牙反牙合病例的示意图;Figure 1A is a schematic diagram of an introverted anterior deciduous crossbite case in an embodiment of the present application;
图1B为本申请一个实施例中前突型乳前牙反牙合病例的示意图;Fig. 1B is a schematic diagram of a case of protruding anterior primary crossbite in one embodiment of the present application;
图2为本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械的制作方法的示意性流程图;Fig. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a method for manufacturing a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application;
图3A示意性地展示了本申请一个实施例中颌垫模型的形成;Figure 3A schematically shows the formation of the jaw pad model in one embodiment of the present application;
图3B示意性地展示了本申请一个实施例中的复合牙模;Figure 3B schematically shows a composite dental model in one embodiment of the present application;
图4A为本申请一个实施例中图2所示方法的示意性子流程图;FIG. 4A is a schematic sub-flow chart of the method shown in FIG. 2 in one embodiment of the present application;
图4B为本申请一个实施例中图2所示方法的示意性子流程图;Fig. 4B is a schematic sub-flow chart of the method shown in Fig. 2 in one embodiment of the present application;
图5示意性地展示了本申请一个实施例中的用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械;以及Figure 5 schematically shows a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in one embodiment of the present application; and
图6示意性地展示了本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械佩戴在牙列上的情况。Fig. 6 schematically shows the case where the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application is worn on the dentition.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
以下的详细描述中引用了构成本说明书一部分的附图。说明书和附图所提及的示意性实施方式仅仅出于是说明性的目的,并非意图限制本申请的保护范围。在本申请的启示下,本领域技术人员能够理解,可以采用许多其他的实施方式,并且可以对所描述实施方式做出各种改变,而不背离本实用新型的主旨和保护范围。应当理解的是,在此说明并图示的本申请的各个方面可以按照很多不同的配置来布置、替换、组合、分离和设计,这些不同配置都在本申请的保护范围之内。The following detailed description refers to the accompanying drawings which form a part of this specification. The exemplary embodiments mentioned in the specification and drawings are for illustrative purposes only, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present application. Under the inspiration of this application, those skilled in the art can understand that many other implementations can be adopted, and various changes can be made to the described implementations without departing from the gist and protection scope of the present utility model. It should be understood that the various aspects of the application described and illustrated herein can be arranged, replaced, combined, separated and designed in many different configurations, all of which are within the scope of the application.
对于儿童早期牙合干扰错牙合畸形,去除牙合干扰是从病因层面进行阻断预防的关键,这包括乳牙反牙合、乳牙切牙合、乳牙列及替牙列个别前牙反牙合或切牙合、乳牙列及替牙列前牙轴倾度异常导致的对颌位置异常等。For early childhood occlusal interference malocclusion, removal of occlusal interference is the key to block prevention from the etiological level, including deciduous crossbite, deciduous incisor, deciduous dentition and replacement dentition individual anterior crossbite Or the abnormal position of the opposing jaw caused by the abnormal inclination of the anterior tooth axis of the incisor, deciduous dentition and replacement dentition.
乳牙反牙合是儿童早期牙合干扰错牙合畸形中最常见的一种,病因包括上颌发育不足和下颌发育过度。若不及时纠正,下颌长期前伸导致前伸肌群功能活跃,髁突位置前移,长期的过度刺激可造成下颌髁突软骨的过度生长,可导致骨性的下颌发育过度畸形进一步发展。同时牙合干扰导致上颌发育受限,也会引起上颌骨发育不足进一步发展。研究表明,上下颌骨呈现差异性增长,在6-20岁期间,上颌骨生长较早完成,下颌骨生长时间较晚且持续时间长,下颌长度变化是上颌的两倍。因此,若不在早期及时纠正儿童上颌骨发育不足的问题,后期上下颌骨发育差异会进一步加大。上颌发育不足及下颌发育过度最终易发展成为骨性Ⅲ类错牙合畸形。骨性Ⅲ类错牙合畸形患者面中份发育不足,侧貌凹陷,对患者美观、咀嚼功能、心理成长都有很大影响。Deciduous crossbite is the most common type of occlusal interference malocclusion in early childhood, and its causes include underdevelopment of the upper jaw and overdevelopment of the lower jaw. If it is not corrected in time, the long-term protruding of the mandible will lead to the active function of the extensor muscles and the forward position of the condyle. Long-term overstimulation can cause the overgrowth of the mandibular condylar cartilage, which can lead to the further development of skeletal mandibular deformity. At the same time, occlusal interference leads to limited development of the maxilla, which will also cause further development of maxillary hypoplasia. Studies have shown that the upper and lower jaws show differential growth. During the period of 6-20 years old, the growth of the upper jaw is completed earlier, and the growth of the mandible is later and lasts longer. The change in the length of the lower jaw is twice that of the upper jaw. Therefore, if the problem of underdevelopment of the maxillary bone in children is not corrected in time in the early stage, the difference in the development of the upper and lower jaw bones will further increase in the later stage. Underdevelopment of the upper jaw and overdevelopment of the mandible eventually lead to the development of skeletal Class III malocclusion. Patients with skeletal class III malocclusion have underdeveloped midface and concave profile, which have a great impact on the patient's aesthetics, masticatory function, and psychological growth.
请参图1A,示意性地展示了内倾型乳牙反牙合的一个病例。Please refer to Figure 1A, which schematically shows a case of introverted deciduous crossbite.
在该病例中,上颌前牙101a内倾,需要加大正转矩并将靠近切缘的部分往唇侧方向调整,但受到下颌前牙103a的阻碍。因此,在调整上颌前牙101a时需要把上、下颌打开到一定程度,以解除下颌前牙103a对上颌前牙101a的调整的阻碍。In this case, the maxillary anterior teeth 101a are tilted inward, and it is necessary to increase the positive torque and adjust the part close to the incisal edge to the labial direction, but it is hindered by the mandibular anterior teeth 103a. Therefore, when adjusting the maxillary anterior teeth 101a, the upper and lower jaws need to be opened to a certain extent, so as to remove the hindrance of the mandibular anterior teeth 103a to the adjustment of the maxillary anterior teeth 101a.
请参图1B,示意性地展示了前突型乳牙反牙合的一个病例。Please refer to Figure 1B, which schematically shows a case of protruding deciduous crossbite.
在该病例中,需要将上颌前牙101b整体往唇侧调整,并把下颌前牙103b往内收,但上颌前牙101b与下颌前牙103b相互阻碍对方的调整。因此,在调整上颌前牙101b与下颌前牙103b时,需要把上、下颌打开到一定程度,以解除上颌前牙101b与下颌前牙103b对对方的调整的阻碍。In this case, it is necessary to adjust the maxillary anterior teeth 101b to the labial side as a whole, and draw the mandibular anterior teeth 103b inward, but the maxillary anterior teeth 101b and the mandibular anterior teeth 103b hinder each other's adjustment. Therefore, when adjusting the maxillary anterior teeth 101b and the mandibular anterior teeth 103b, the upper and lower jaws need to be opened to a certain extent, so as to remove the hindrance of the maxillary anterior teeth 101b and the mandibular anterior teeth 103b to the adjustment of each other.
以上两个示意性的病例是较典型的牙合干扰病例,以下对本申请用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械及其制作方法的具体实施例进行详细说明。The above two illustrative cases are more typical cases of occlusal interference, and the specific examples of the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference and the manufacturing method thereof of the present application will be described in detail below.
图2为本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械的制作方法200的示意性流程图。FIG. 2 is a schematic flowchart of a manufacturing method 200 of a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application.
在201中,获取代表第一牙列的第一布局的第一数字模型。In 201, a first digital model representing a first layout of a first dentition is acquired.
第一牙列的前牙需要调整,以纠正牙合干扰。其中,第一牙列可以是上颌牙列,也可以是下颌牙列。The anterior teeth of the first dentition need to be adjusted to correct the occlusal interference. Wherein, the first dentition may be the maxillary dentition or the mandibular dentition.
第一牙列的第一布局与前一布局相比,两者的前牙位置不同,比如,两者的前牙轴倾度不同。相比前一布局,第一布局的前牙位置更接近目标位置。Compared with the first layout of the first dentition, the positions of the anterior teeth of the two are different, for example, the inclinations of the axes of the anterior teeth of the two are different. The position of the anterior teeth in the first layout is closer to the target position than in the previous layout.
在一个实施例中,可以利用一系列几何形状逐次变化的壳状牙科器械把第一牙列从原始布局逐次矫正到目标布局。因此,第一布局可以是原始布局之后的第一中间布局到目标布局之间的任何一个布局。在一个实施例中,从第一中间布局到目标布局之间,可以包括逐次的多个中间布局以及最后中间布局。In one embodiment, a series of shell-shaped dental appliances with progressively changing geometric shapes can be used to sequentially correct the first dentition from the original configuration to the target configuration. Therefore, the first layout may be any layout between the first intermediate layout after the original layout and the target layout. In one embodiment, between the first intermediate layout and the target layout may include successive intermediate layouts and the last intermediate layout.
在一个实施例中,可以获取代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型以及代表第一牙列的目标布局的目标数字模型,然后利用插值法,基于原始数字模型和目标数字模型产生代表第一牙列的第一中间布局到最后中间布局的数字模型。In one embodiment, an original digital model representing the original layout of the first dentition and a target digital model representing the target layout of the first dentition can be obtained, and then an interpolation method is used to generate a digital model representing the first dentition based on the original digital model and the target digital model. A digital model of the first intermediate layout to the last intermediate layout of a dentition.
在一个实施例中,可以获取代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型,然后在计算机上手动修改原始数字模型,以获得代表第一牙列的第一中间布局逐次到目标布局的数字模型。In one embodiment, an original digital model representing the original layout of the first dentition may be obtained and then manually modified on a computer to obtain a digital model representing the first intermediate layout of the first dentition step by step to the target layout .
在一个实施例中,可以获取代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型,然后利用特别设计的计算机程序,基于原始数字模型自动产生代表第一牙列的第一中间布局逐次到目标布局的数字模型。In one embodiment, an original digital model representing the original layout of the first dentition can be obtained, and then, using a specially designed computer program, based on the original digital model, a first intermediate layout representing the first dentition can be automatically generated sequentially to the target layout. digital model.
在一些实施例中,可以通过层析X射线扫描(CAT扫描)、数字化断层X线扫描(CT)、锥束CT扫描(CBCT)、核磁共振造像(MRI)、口内光学扫描等手段,直接扫描第一牙列,获得代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型。在又一些实施例中,可以先用常规手段制作第一牙列的石膏铸件,再通过扫描设备比如激光扫描设备、CT扫描设备扫描该石膏铸件,获得代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型。在又一些实施例中,可以先获取第一牙列的咬模,再通过扫描设备比如激光扫描设备、CT扫描设备扫描该咬模,获得代表第一牙列的原始布局的原始数字模型。In some embodiments, it can be directly scanned by means of tomography X-ray scanning (CAT scanning), digital tomography scanning (CT), cone beam CT scanning (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), intraoral optical scanning, etc. First dentition, obtaining an original digital model representing the original layout of the first dentition. In still some embodiments, the plaster casting of the first dentition can be made by conventional means first, and then the plaster casting can be scanned by a scanning device such as a laser scanning device or a CT scanning device to obtain an original number representing the original layout of the first dentition Model. In some other embodiments, the bite model of the first dentition can be obtained first, and then scanned by a scanning device such as a laser scanning device or a CT scanning device to obtain an original digital model representing the original layout of the first dentition.
在一个实施例中,可以获取第一牙列的实体模型(比如石膏模型),其中,该实体模型上需要调整的牙齿是可活动的,然后手动调整这些可活动的牙齿的位置,以得到从第一中间布局逐次到目标布局,再通过扫描设备比如激光扫描设备、CT扫描设备扫描处于各布局下的石膏模型,获得代表第一牙列的第一中间布局逐次到目标布局的数字模型。In one embodiment, a solid model (such as a plaster model) of the first dentition can be obtained, wherein the teeth to be adjusted on the solid model are movable, and then the positions of these movable teeth are manually adjusted to obtain The first intermediate layout successively reaches the target layout, and then scans the plaster models under each layout by scanning equipment such as laser scanning equipment and CT scanning equipment, and obtains the digital model representing the first intermediate layout successively reaching the target layout of the first dentition.
在一些实施例中,数字模型所表示的三维形状可以包括牙齿周围的部分牙龈、黏膜组织。In some embodiments, the three-dimensional shape represented by the digital model may include part of the gum and mucous membrane tissue around the tooth.
在一些实施例中,第一数字模型所表示的三维形状可以是基于第一牙列的第一布局的三维形状修改获得。比如,为获得相应的功能,可以在第一牙列上添加相应的附件。又比如,为防止热压膜成型的壳状牙科器械出现某些缺陷,可以对第一牙列的某些部位进行修改,比如填充倒凹,以免壳状牙科器械出现褶皱等缺陷。In some embodiments, the three-dimensional shape represented by the first digital model may be modified based on the three-dimensional shape of the first layout of the first dentition. For example, in order to obtain corresponding functions, corresponding accessories can be added to the first dentition. For another example, in order to prevent some defects in the shell-shaped dental instruments formed by hot-pressed film, some parts of the first dentition can be modified, such as filling undercuts, so as to avoid wrinkles and other defects in the shell-shaped dental instruments.
在203中,获取代表第二牙列的第二数字模型,其中,第二牙列是第一牙列的对颌牙列。In 203, a second digital model is acquired representing a second dentition, wherein the second dentition is an opposing dentition of the first dentition.
可以参照201中的方法获取代表第二牙列的第二数字模型。The second digital model representing the second dentition can be obtained by referring to the method in 201 .
若第二牙列的牙齿无需矫正,第二数字模型所表示的三维模型可以是第二牙列的原始布局。If the teeth of the second dentition do not need to be corrected, the three-dimensional model represented by the second digital model may be the original layout of the second dentition.
若第二牙列的牙齿需要矫正,第二数字模型所表示的三维模型可以是第一牙列佩戴壳状牙科器械时佩戴有相应矫治器的第二牙列的三维模型。If the teeth of the second dentition need to be corrected, the three-dimensional model represented by the second digital model may be the three-dimensional model of the second dentition wearing a corresponding appliance when the first dentition wears a shell-shaped dental instrument.
在205中,获取颌垫设置区域。In 205, the jaw pad setting area is acquired.
在一个实施例中,用户可以通过计算机的用户界面在第一数字模型所表示的三维模型上指定设置颌垫的区域,比如在该三维模型靠对颌的表面上划定设置颌垫的区域。In one embodiment, the user can designate the area for setting the jaw pad on the three-dimensional model represented by the first digital model through the user interface of the computer, for example, define the area for setting the jaw pad on the surface of the three-dimensional model close to the opposite jaw.
在207中,获取第一牙列和第二牙列打开指定程度时的位置关系。In 207, the positional relationship between the first dentition and the second dentition when the specified degree is opened is obtained.
在一个实施例中,只需要把第一牙列和第二牙列打开到足以解除阻碍的程度即可。In one embodiment, it is only necessary to open the first dentition and the second dentition enough to remove the obstruction.
比如,对于图1A所示的内倾型乳牙反牙合病例,可以把上下颌打开到足够大,使得下颌前牙103a不阻碍上颌前牙101a的调整。For example, for the introverted deciduous crossbite case shown in FIG. 1A , the upper and lower jaws can be opened sufficiently so that the mandibular anterior teeth 103a do not hinder the adjustment of the maxillary anterior teeth 101a.
比如,对于图1B所示的前突型乳牙反牙合病例,可以把上下颌打开到足够大,使得上颌前牙101b与下颌前牙103b不阻碍对方的调整。For example, for the case of protruding deciduous crossbite shown in FIG. 1B , the upper and lower jaws can be opened sufficiently so that the maxillary anterior teeth 101b and the mandibular anterior teeth 103b do not hinder the adjustment of each other.
在209中,基于第一数字模型、第二数字模型、颌垫设置区域以及第一牙列和第二牙列打开指定程度时的位置关系,产生代表复合牙模的第三数字模型。In 209, based on the first digital model, the second digital model, the jaw pad setting area, and the positional relationship between the first dentition and the second dentition when they are opened to a specified degree, a third digital model representing the composite dental model is generated.
在一个实施例中,可以在计算机的用户界面上展示第一数字模型所表示的三维模型的颌面观,然后在第一数字模型所表示的三维模型上划定颌垫设置区域。比如,可以在第一数字模型所表示的三维模型从尖牙到磨牙之间的部分靠对颌的表面上指定设置颌垫的区域。In one embodiment, the maxillofacial view of the three-dimensional model represented by the first digital model can be displayed on the user interface of the computer, and then the jaw pad setting area can be delineated on the three-dimensional model represented by the first digital model. For example, the area for setting the jaw pad can be specified on the surface of the opposing jaw from the canines to the molars in the three-dimensional model represented by the first digital model.
请参图3A,在一个实施例中,可以按打开指定程度时第一牙列和第二牙列之间的位置关系,把第一数字模型所表示的三维模型301和第二数字模型所表示的三维模型303进行定位。然后,使第一数字模型所表示的三维模型上的颌垫设置区域305沿指定方向A朝第二数字模型所表示的三维模型延伸一定距离,并且使得该延伸部的顶面的形状与第二数字模型所表示的三维模型的相应部分的形状凹凸匹配,获得第三数字模型。Please refer to FIG. 3A. In one embodiment, the three-dimensional model 301 represented by the first digital model and the three-dimensional model 301 represented by the second digital model can be represented according to the positional relationship between the first dentition and the second dentition when the specified degree is opened. 3D model 303 for positioning. Then, the jaw pad installation area 305 on the three-dimensional model represented by the first digital model is extended toward the three-dimensional model represented by the second digital model by a certain distance along the specified direction A, and the shape of the top surface of the extension part is the same as that of the second digital model. The shape of the corresponding part of the three-dimensional model represented by the digital model is concavo-convex matched to obtain a third digital model.
在一些实施方式中,可以根据咬合的方向来确定颌垫延伸的方向。也可以由用户指定延伸方向。In some embodiments, the direction in which the jaw pad extends can be determined based on the direction of the bite. The extension direction can also be specified by the user.
在一些实施方式中,在确定颌垫延伸距离的时候可以考虑壳状牙科器械的厚度。In some embodiments, the thickness of the shell-shaped dental device may be considered when determining the jaw pad extension distance.
请再参图3B,示意性地展示了第三数字模型所表示的三维模型,即复合牙模307。在该实施例中,复合牙模307包括处于第一布局的第一牙列301以及在第一牙列的颌垫设置区域上形成的颌垫模型309。Please refer to FIG. 3B again, which schematically shows the three-dimensional model represented by the third digital model, that is, the composite dental model 307 . In this embodiment, the composite dental model 307 includes the first dentition 301 in the first layout and the jaw pad model 309 formed on the jaw pad setting area of the first dentition.
在一些实施例中,可以对第三数字模型进行平滑处理,以消除其所表示的三维模型上比较尖锐的部分,以避免基于热压膜成型技术制作的壳状牙科器械产生缺陷。In some embodiments, smoothing may be performed on the third digital model to eliminate sharp parts on the three-dimensional model represented by it, so as to avoid defects in shell-shaped dental instruments manufactured based on hot-pressed film forming technology.
在211中,利用第三数字模型控制设备制作用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械。In 211, a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference is manufactured by using the third digital model control device.
请参图4A,为本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械的制作方法200的示意性子流程图。Please refer to FIG. 4A , which is a schematic sub-flow chart of a manufacturing method 200 of a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application.
在2111A中,利用第三数字模型控制设备制成复合牙模的正模型实体。在一些实施例中,可以利用第三数字模型控制光固化设备制成复合牙模的正模型实体。在又一些实施例中,可以利用第三数字模型控制数控机床制成复合牙模的正模型实体。在又一些实施例中,可以利用第三数字模型控制3D打印设备制成复合牙模的正模型实体。In 2111A, use the third digital model control device to make a positive model entity of the composite dental model. In some embodiments, the third digital model can be used to control the photocuring device to make a positive model entity of the composite dental model. In some other embodiments, the third digital model can be used to control the CNC machine tool to make the positive model entity of the composite dental model. In some other embodiments, the third digital model can be used to control the 3D printing device to make the positive model entity of the composite dental model.
在2113A中,以热压膜成型技术在复合牙模的正模型实体上热压膜形成用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械。In 2113A, the hot-pressed film molding technology is used to heat-press the film on the positive model entity of the composite dental model to form a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference.
请参图5,示意性地展示了本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械500。壳状牙科器械500包括容纳第一牙列301的空腔501,以及在尖牙至后牙的区域向对颌方向凸起形成颌垫503。其中,空腔501具有把第一牙列301从第一布局重新定位到第二布局的几何形状。其中,第一牙列301在第二布局下的前牙轴倾度与第一布局不同。其中,颌垫503靠对颌的表面505的形状与对颌牙齿的对应部分凹凸匹配。Please refer to FIG. 5 , which schematically shows a shell-shaped dental instrument 500 for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application. The shell-shaped dental instrument 500 includes a cavity 501 for accommodating the first dentition 301 , and a jaw pad 503 protruding toward the opposite jaw from the canine to the posterior teeth. Therein, cavity 501 has a geometry that repositions first dentition 301 from a first layout to a second layout. Wherein, the inclination of the anterior tooth axis of the first tooth row 301 under the second layout is different from that of the first layout. Wherein, the shape of the surface 505 of the jaw pad 503 against the opposing jaw matches the concave and convex of the corresponding part of the opposing teeth.
请参图6,示意性地展示了壳状牙科器械500佩戴在第一牙列301上的情况。颌垫503将第一牙列301与第二牙列303打开指定的程度,使得第二牙列303的前牙不干扰第一牙列301的前牙的调整。颌垫503靠对颌的表面505的形状与第二牙列303相应的部分凹凸匹配,使得佩戴更为舒适。Please refer to FIG. 6 , which schematically shows the situation that the shell-shaped dental instrument 500 is worn on the first dentition 301 . The jaw pad 503 opens the first dentition 301 and the second dentition 303 to a specified extent, so that the anterior teeth of the second dentition 303 do not interfere with the adjustment of the anterior teeth of the first dentition 301 . The shape of the surface 505 of the jaw pad 503 against the jaw matches the corresponding part of the concave-convex portion of the second dentition 303, making it more comfortable to wear.
请参图4B,为本申请一个实施例中用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械的制作方法200的示意性子流程图。Please refer to FIG. 4B , which is a schematic sub-flow chart of a manufacturing method 200 of a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference in an embodiment of the present application.
在2111B中,基于第三数字模型产生代表复合牙模的负模型的第四数字模型。At 2111B, a fourth digital model representing a negative model of the composite dental model is generated based on the third digital model.
在一些实施例中,可以为该负模型设置一定厚度,比如0.2~2mm,作为壳状牙科器械的厚度。In some embodiments, a certain thickness, such as 0.2-2 mm, can be set for the negative model as the thickness of the shell-shaped dental instrument.
在2113B中,以第四数字模型控制设备制成用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械。In 2113B, a shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference is made by controlling the device with the fourth digital model.
在一些实施方式中,可以第四数字模型控制3D打印设备制作用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械。In some embodiments, the fourth digital model can be used to control the 3D printing device to manufacture shell-shaped dental instruments for correcting occlusal interference.
在一些实施方式中,可以制作多个逐次的用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械,以将第一牙列301的前牙的轴倾度逐次地调整到位。In some embodiments, a plurality of shell-shaped dental instruments for correcting occlusal interference can be produced successively, so as to adjust the axial inclination of the anterior teeth of the first dentition 301 to a position successively.
在一些实施方式中,在利用本申请的用于矫治牙合干扰的壳状牙科器械矫治第一牙列301的同时,可以采用不带颌垫的壳状牙科器械调整第二牙列303的牙齿布局。In some embodiments, while using the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference of the present application to correct the first dentition 301, the shell-shaped dental instrument without jaw pads can be used to adjust the teeth of the second dentition 303 layout.
对于上、下颌前牙均利用壳状牙科器械进行调整的病例,颌垫可以设置在用于矫正上颌牙列的壳状牙科器械上,也可以设置在用于矫正下颌牙列的壳状牙科器械上。For cases where both the upper and lower anterior teeth are adjusted with shell-shaped dental instruments, the jaw pad can be placed on the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting the upper jaw dentition, or on the shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting the mandibular dentition superior.
尽管在此公开了本申请的多个方面和实施例,但在本申请的启发下,本申请的其他方面和实施例对于本领域技术人员而言也是显而易见的。在此公开的各个方面和实施例仅用于说明目的,而非限制目的。本申请的保护范围和主旨仅通过后附的权利要求书来确定。Although various aspects and embodiments of the present application are disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments of the present application will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of this application. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration only and not limitation. The scope and spirit of this application are determined only by the appended claims.
同样,各个图表可以示出所公开的方法和系统的示例性架构或其他配置,其有助于理解可包含在所公开的方法和系统中的特征和功能。要求保护的内容并不限于所示的示例性架构或配置,而所希望的特征可以用各种替代架构和配置来实现。除此之外,对于流程图、功能性描述和方法权利要求,这里所给出的方框顺序不应限于以同样的顺序实施以执行所述功能的各种实施例,除非在上下文中明确指出。Likewise, the various diagrams may illustrate exemplary architectures or other configurations of the disclosed methods and systems, which are helpful in understanding the features and functionality that may be included in the disclosed methods and systems. What is claimed is not limited to the example architectures or configurations shown, but the desired features can be implemented in various alternative architectures and configurations. In addition, for flowcharts, functional descriptions, and method claims, the order of blocks presented herein should not be limited to implementing the various embodiments in the same order to perform the functions recited, unless clearly indicated by the context. .
除非另外明确指出,本文中所使用的术语和短语及其变体均应解释为开放式的,而不是限制性的。在一些实例中,诸如“一个或多个”、“至少”、“但不限于”这样的扩展性词汇和短语或者其他类似用语的出现不应理解为在可能没有这种扩展性用语的示例中意图或者需要表示缩窄的情况。Unless expressly stated otherwise, the terms and phrases used herein and variations thereof are to be construed open-ended and not restrictive. In some instances, the appearance of expansive words and phrases such as "one or more," "at least," "but not limited to," or other similar language should not be construed Intention or need indicates a narrowing situation.
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Cited By (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106691608A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-24 | 四川大学 | Shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference |
CN110801290A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-18 | 无锡时代天使医疗器械科技有限公司 | Shell-shaped dental instrument and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113134969A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-20 | 上海阔鸿信息科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing shell-shaped dental instrument |
CN113208752A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-08-06 | 上海阔鸿信息科技有限公司 | Shell-shaped appliance and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113288469A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 万善军 | Invisible correction method for treating class 2 and class 3 malocclusion deformity by using occlusion repositioning device |
-
2017
- 2017-02-27 CN CN201720177059.7U patent/CN207270396U/en not_active Ceased
Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN106691608A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-05-24 | 四川大学 | Shell-shaped dental instrument for correcting occlusal interference |
CN110801290A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-02-18 | 无锡时代天使医疗器械科技有限公司 | Shell-shaped dental instrument and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113134969A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-07-20 | 上海阔鸿信息科技有限公司 | Method for manufacturing shell-shaped dental instrument |
CN113208752A (en) * | 2020-01-20 | 2021-08-06 | 上海阔鸿信息科技有限公司 | Shell-shaped appliance and manufacturing method thereof |
CN113288469A (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2021-08-24 | 万善军 | Invisible correction method for treating class 2 and class 3 malocclusion deformity by using occlusion repositioning device |
CN113288469B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2022-06-10 | 万善军 | Occlusion repositioning device for class 2 or class 3 malocclusion |
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