CN207215314U - For structural mechanics fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure - Google Patents
For structural mechanics fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN207215314U CN207215314U CN201721019338.7U CN201721019338U CN207215314U CN 207215314 U CN207215314 U CN 207215314U CN 201721019338 U CN201721019338 U CN 201721019338U CN 207215314 U CN207215314 U CN 207215314U
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- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 claims description 31
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- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 4
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract 2
- NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N novaluron Chemical compound C1=C(Cl)C(OC(F)(F)C(OC(F)(F)F)F)=CC=C1NC(=O)NC(=O)C1=C(F)C=CC=C1F NJPPVKZQTLUDBO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 15
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- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 2
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- Optical Fibers, Optical Fiber Cores, And Optical Fiber Bundles (AREA)
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Abstract
The utility model discloses one kind to be used for structural mechanics fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure, including：Protection pipe, its interior encapsulation are fixed with pedestal, metallic elastic body and optical fiber；The metallic elastic body is fixedly installed on the pedestal, it is welded and fixed on the metallic elastic body through low-melting glass and the optical fiber is set, the optical fiber surface is provided with polyimide coating layer, the optical fiber is provided with the optical fiber grating structure inscribed by femto-second laser pulse, and the optical fiber grating structure is between two low-melting glass pads of the optical fiber on the metallic elastic body.The optical fiber of resistant to elevated temperatures polyimide coating layer is set by using surface, and the optical grating construction formed using quarter grid are carried out to the optical fiber by femto-second laser, it ensure that optical fiber coating will not be burned under 270 DEG C to 380 DEG C welding temperatures of low-melting glass, the encapsulation of low smelting point glass solder is realized, can solve the problems, such as that existing fiber optical grating construction mechanics sensor tensile strength is low and creep simultaneously.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a fiber grating sensor encapsulation field especially relates to a be used for structure mechanics fiber grating sensor packaging structure.
Background
Fiber grating sensors have two major advantages: firstly, the information is absolutely encoded for the wavelength; and the second is intrinsic sensor. Therefore, the fiber grating sensor has the following outstanding advantages: passive intrinsic safety, small size, light weight, lightning stroke resistance, electromagnetic interference resistance, simultaneous multi-parameter measurement, ultra-long distance transmission, high precision, stable property and strong environmental adaptability. In recent years, fiber grating sensors have been widely used in the industries of petrifaction, electric power, traffic, highway and bridge, etc.
The core sensitive element of the optical fiber Bragg grating structure mechanical sensor is an optical fiber Bragg grating, the grating is written into the grating through a phase mask after an optical fiber coating layer is stripped, but permanent mechanical cracks are inevitably left on the surface of an optical fiber to cause mechanical damage in the process of stripping the coating layer, and the tensile strength of the optical fiber is greatly reduced.
Due to the sensitive and fragile characteristics of the fiber grating element, the packaging technology of the fiber grating element becomes a key technology in engineering application for manufacturing a fiber grating structure mechanical sensor. The packaging methods commonly used at present include: 1) the fiber grating is encapsulated in a metal tube or a metal sheet by using special epoxy resin glue. But has the following disadvantages: firstly, the epoxy resin adhesive belongs to organic matters, is easy to age and decompose and is not beneficial to long-term use in severe environment; 2) the sensor is packaged by glue, but the phenomenon of zero drift of the sensor calibration after long-term use is caused by the creep of the glue, so that the use of the sensor in engineering projects is limited; 3) and the other package is in the form of low-melting-point glass and common grating, the tensile strength is only 0.4kg, and the package can be broken, so that the application range of the FBG sensor is severely limited.
At present, in order to ensure that a finished sensor has certain tensile strength in the packaging and manufacturing process of the fiber grating structural mechanical sensor, most of the fiber grating structural mechanical sensor adopts the mode of epoxy resin pouring sealant, namely, the fiber grating of a common acrylate coating layer is directly bonded on the surface of an elastomer by using epoxy resin glue, and the testing purpose is realized through the cooperative deformation of the epoxy resin glue and the elastomer. The structure of the epoxy resin glue encapsulation is shown in fig. 1 (wherein 1 is an elastic matrix, 2 is a grating, and 3 is encapsulation glue), but the fiber grating structure mechanical sensor adopting the epoxy resin glue encapsulation has the following defects: due to the creep characteristic of the epoxy resin glue, the fiber grating structure mechanical sensor adopting the packaging process can drive the fiber grating packaged in the sensor to creep together along with the creep of the epoxy resin glue in the long-term use process, so that the drift of the wavelength zero point of the sensor is caused, and finally the sensor fails to be used. The creep test result of the fiber grating structure mechanical sensor encapsulated by epoxy resin glue is shown in fig. 2, in the test, two fiber gratings are arranged in parallel, one fiber grating is prestretched by 1.5nm and is encapsulated by epoxy resin glue, and the other fiber grating is placed aside statically to sense the same temperature for temperature compensation. In a half-year cycle experiment, a set of data was recorded daily and the data was processed using the following formula:
in the above formula, λ0: initial wavelength of the test grating, unit: nm;
λ: center wavelength of the test grating, unit: nm;
λT: measured wavelength of the temperature compensation sensor, unit: nm;
initial wavelength of the temperature compensated sensor, unit: nm;
BT: temperature coefficient of the temperature compensation sensor, unit: DEG C/pm;
Bε: temperature coefficient of the test grating, unit: DEG C/pm;
the obtained data is the wavelength after the temperature influence is removed, in the test with the period of half a year, a group of data is recorded every day, and the data is obtained after the data is sorted out: the test grating adopting the epoxy resin glue removes the temperature influence and continuously reduces the wavelength in a static state. The sensor with the packaging structure has the advantage that due to creep deformation of the epoxy resin adhesive, the continuously reduced wavelength continuously influences the performance of the sensor as a measurement error.
At present, another packaging mode of welding low-melting-point glass is adopted, two ends of a bare grating are welded on an elastic body (a coating layer of a common optical fiber is made of acrylic ester, the temperature resistance is about 120 ℃, and the melting temperature of the low-melting-point welding glass is 270 ℃). However, the packaging structure also causes another problem that the tensile strength of the packaged fiber grating structure mechanical sensor is low, a coating layer needs to be peeled off firstly when the ordinary grating is engraved, mechanical cracks are inevitably generated in the peeling process, and the strength is difficult to ensure. For the low-melting-point glass packaging mode of the common fiber grating, the inventor carries out a large number of tensile tests, and experimental data prove that the tensile strength is about 0.4kg, namely the wavelength shift of the packaged fiber grating sensor is about 4.5nm, so that the engineering application of the fiber grating sensor is very limited, and even more, the fiber grating sensor can be damaged in the transportation process. The tensile strength test result of the conventional fiber grating is shown in fig. 3, and the structure of the conventional fiber grating is shown in fig. 4 (41 is a Bragg grating, 42 is a fiber core, 43 is a cladding, 44 is a mechanical crack, 45 is an acrylate coating layer, a is incident light, and B is reflected light).
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Based on the problem that prior art exists, the utility model aims at providing a be used for structure mechanics fiber grating sensor packaging structure, can solve the problem that current fiber grating structure mechanics sensor tensile strength is low and creep simultaneously.
The utility model aims at realizing through the following technical scheme:
the utility model discloses embodiment provides a be used for structural mechanics fiber grating sensor packaging structure, include:
the protective tube is internally packaged and fixedly provided with a base, a metal elastic body and an optical fiber;
the metal elastic body is fixedly arranged on the base, the optical fiber is fixedly arranged on the metal elastic body through low-melting-point glass welding, a polyimide coating layer is arranged on the surface of the optical fiber, a fiber grating structure inscribed by femtosecond laser pulses is arranged on the optical fiber, and the fiber grating structure is positioned between two low-melting-point glass welding points on the metal elastic body.
By the above, the utility model provides a technical scheme can see out, the embodiment of the utility model provides a packaging method and packaging structure for structural mechanics fiber grating sensor, its beneficial effect is:
through adopting the optic fibre that the surface set up high temperature resistant polyimide coat to adopt and carve the grating structure that the grid formed by femto second laser to this optic fibre, guaranteed that the optic fibre coat can not burnt out under low melting glass 270 ℃ to 380 ℃ welding temperature, realize combining low melting glass welding package, can solve the problem that current fiber grating structure mechanics sensor tensile strength is low and creep simultaneously. The encapsulation preserves the better mechanical strength of the fiber and has better creep resistance.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the description below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a fiber grating encapsulated by epoxy resin glue according to the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a creep test result of the FBG structure mechanical sensor shown in FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the tensile strength test results of a conventional fiber grating provided in the prior art;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a conventional grating structure provided in the prior art;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a package structure of a fiber grating sensor according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating a creep comparison test result of the fiber grating sensor provided in the embodiment of the present invention and an existing fiber grating sensor;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of a comparison experiment of tensile strength between an optical fiber grating sensor and an existing acrylate coating grating provided in an embodiment of the present invention;
in fig. 1: 1-an elastomeric matrix; 2-grating; 3-pouring sealant;
in fig. 4: a 41-Bragg grating; 42-fiber core; 43-cladding; 44-mechanical cracking; a 45-acrylate coating layer; a-incident light; b-return light;
in fig. 5: 51-a substrate; 52-femtosecond laser-written polyimide grating; 53-low melting point glass solder joint; 54-a resilient metal body; 55-protective tube.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the specific contents of the present invention, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiment of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by a person skilled in the art without creative work belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
An embodiment of the utility model provides a packaging structure for structural mechanics fiber grating sensor, as shown in fig. 5 (wherein, 51 is the base member, 52 is the polyimide grating that femto second laser engraved write, 53 is low melting glass solder joint, 54 is the elastic metal body, 55 is the protection tube), this packaging structure includes:
the protective tube is internally packaged and fixedly provided with a base, a metal elastic body and an optical fiber;
the metal elastic body is fixedly arranged on the base, the optical fiber is fixedly arranged on the metal elastic body through low-melting-point glass welding, the polyimide coating layer is arranged on the surface of the optical fiber, the fiber grating structure inscribed by femtosecond laser pulses is arranged on the optical fiber, and the fiber grating structure is positioned between two low-melting-point glass welding points of the optical fiber on the metal elastic body.
In the above package structure, the fiber grating structure written by femtosecond laser pulse on the fiber is:
utilizing focused femtosecond laser beam to expose point by point along the optical fiber, making the refractive index of fiber core of fiber grating form periodic distribution to make the grating structure made by point-by-point writing method of grating;
or,
the fiber grating structure is made by using femtosecond pulse laser as the phase mask method of the exposure light source to write on the surface of the fiber.
In the above package structure, the low melting point glass welding temperature of the optical fiber fixedly arranged on the metal elastic body by the low melting point glass welding is as follows: 270-380 ℃.
Among the above-mentioned packaging structure, the thickness that the optic fibre surface was equipped with the polyimide coating layer is: 1-3 mm.
The utility model adopts the femtosecond laser to etch the grating and combines the polyimide coating layer fiber grating with the low melting point glass welding packaging technology to solve the problem of creep deformation; meanwhile, the problem that the tensile strength of the existing fiber grating structure mechanical sensor is low is solved.
Referring to fig. 5, the packaging method of the packaging structure for the structural mechanical fiber grating sensor is as follows:
arranging a polyimide coating layer on the surface of an optical fiber to be packaged, and etching the surface of the optical fiber provided with the polyimide coating layer by adopting femtosecond laser pulses to manufacture a grating structure;
and respectively and directly welding the optical fibers at two ends of the grating structure on the metal elastic body by using low-melting-point glass welding, arranging the metal elastic body on the base, and fixedly encapsulating the metal elastic body, the grating structure welded on the metal elastic body and the base in a protective tube to finish the encapsulation of the fiber grating sensor.
In the packaging method, the femtosecond laser pulse is adopted to write the surface of the optical fiber provided with the polyimide coating layer to form the grating structure:
the femtosecond laser pulse is adopted to induce the fiber core of the optical fiber to generate refractive index change to write the surface of the optical fiber with the polyimide coating layer on the surface to manufacture the grating structure.
In the packaging method, the femtosecond laser pulse is adopted to write the surface of the optical fiber provided with the polyimide coating layer to form the grating structure:
point-by-point writing method for making grating by utilizing focused femtosecond laser beam to make point-by-point exposure along optical fiber and making refractive index of optical fiber core form periodic distribution to make grating;
or,
the femtosecond pulse laser is used as a phase mask method of an exposure light source to write the surface of the optical fiber to form a grating structure.
In the packaging method, the low-melting-point glass welding temperature for respectively and directly welding the optical fibers at two ends of the grating structure in the metal elastic body by using low-melting-point glass welding is as follows: 270-380 ℃.
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The utility model provides a packaging method for structural mechanics fiber grating sensor does: the optical fiber grating with polyimide coating layer on the surface is adopted, the low melting point glass welding technology is combined to directly weld the two ends of the grating on the metal elastic body, then the elastic body is placed on the base and protected by the protection tube, and the formed packaging structure is shown in figure 5.
In the packaging method, the femtosecond laser pulse is used for inducing the fiber core to generate refractive index change to write the fiber grating, and the two methods are mainly as follows: firstly, a point-by-point writing method, which utilizes focused femtosecond laser beams to expose point-by-point along an optical fiber to ensure that the refractive index of a fiber core forms periodic distribution to manufacture the fiber grating; the other is a phase mask method, the principle of which is similar to that of the traditional phase mask method, and only the femtosecond pulse laser is improved by an exposure light source. The novel femtosecond laser point-by-point direct writing technology can efficiently and flexibly manufacture high-end FBG-fsFBG. The advantages are that: direct writing of FBGs on user specified or provided optical fibers; the nonlinear optical effect of the femtosecond laser generates an extremely stable and non-erasable grating as a sensing device; extreme stability to 1000 degrees celsius; through direct writing of the coating layer, better mechanical strength of the optical fiber is reserved, and excellent performance of a special coating layer is reserved and is far higher than the mechanical strength of the optical fiber grating by a conventional stripping-recoating method; radiation resistance, moisture resistance, hydrogen darkening resistance and electromagnetic interference resistance.
In the packaging method, the polyimide used for the optical fiber surface coating layer is a high-temperature resistant material, and has the performances of extremely high heat resistance, excellent chemical stability, good electrical insulation, high mechanical strength and the like. In order to guarantee that the coating can not be burnt out under low melting glass 270 ℃ welding temperature, the utility model discloses a coating polyimide at optic fibre coating layer.
The low-melting-point glass used for welding the low-melting-point glass is a low-temperature sealing glass solder, the metal pipe sleeve and the optical fiber can be directly sealed in the packaging process, the surface of the optical fiber does not need to be metallized, the wettability is good, and the airtight packaging can be achieved; the chemical stability is good, no gas is generated in the melt sealing process, and no residue is left after melt sealing; the airtight sealing temperature is low, the sealing temperature range is 270-380 ℃, and the operation is easy; the applicability is strong, and compared with the traditional encapsulation, the service life of the element encapsulated by the product is long. Compared with the conventional packaging process of epoxy resin glue, the fiber grating is welded by low-melting-point glass, the contact point stability is good, and the drift of the wavelength zero point caused by creep deformation is eliminated.
The utility model discloses the packaging structure that packaging method formed and conventional epoxy glue encapsulation fiber grating's long-term creep experimental data to for example as shown in figure 6, from which can see out, the utility model discloses the wavelength zero drift that packaging structure's creep caused is less than conventional epoxy glue encapsulation fiber grating.
The utility model discloses packaging structure that packaging method formed and ordinary acrylate coat fiber grating sensor's tensile strength to for example figure 7 is shown, from which can see out the utility model discloses packaging structure's tensile strength is stronger than ordinary acrylate coat fiber grating sensor.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are all covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. A packaging structure for a structural mechanical fiber grating sensor is characterized by comprising:
the protective tube is internally packaged and fixedly provided with a base, a metal elastic body and an optical fiber;
the metal elastic body is fixedly arranged on the base, the optical fiber is fixedly arranged on the metal elastic body through low-melting-point glass welding, a polyimide coating layer is arranged on the surface of the optical fiber, a fiber grating structure inscribed by femtosecond laser pulses is arranged on the optical fiber, and the fiber grating structure is positioned between two low-melting-point glass welding points on the metal elastic body.
2. The package structure of claim 1, wherein the fiber grating structure written by femtosecond laser pulses on the optical fiber is:
utilizing focused femtosecond laser beam to expose point by point along the optical fiber, making the refractive index of fiber core of fiber grating form periodic distribution to make the grating structure made by point-by-point writing method of grating;
or,
the fiber grating structure is made by using femtosecond pulse laser as the phase mask method of the exposure light source to write on the surface of the fiber.
3. The package structure for a structural mechanical fiber grating sensor according to claim 1, wherein the metal elastic body is fixedly welded with the low-melting-point glass at a low-melting-point glass welding temperature of the optical fiber: 270-380 ℃.
4. The package structure for a structural mechanical fiber grating sensor according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the polyimide coating layer on the surface of the optical fiber is as follows: 1-3 mm.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201721019338.7U CN207215314U (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | For structural mechanics fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure |
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| CN201721019338.7U CN207215314U (en) | 2017-08-15 | 2017-08-15 | For structural mechanics fiber-optic grating sensor encapsulating structure |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160668A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-23 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fiber grating array sensor and packaging structure thereof |
| CN114623918A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江大学 | Low-pass filtering fiber grating hydrophone adopting tensile coating for sensitization |
-
2017
- 2017-08-15 CN CN201721019338.7U patent/CN207215314U/en active Active
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110160668A (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2019-08-23 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fiber grating array sensor and packaging structure thereof |
| CN110160668B (en) * | 2019-05-20 | 2021-12-14 | 深圳供电局有限公司 | Fiber Bragg Grating Array Sensor and Its Package Structure |
| CN114623918A (en) * | 2022-02-28 | 2022-06-14 | 浙江大学 | Low-pass filtering fiber grating hydrophone adopting tensile coating for sensitization |
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Effective date of registration: 20190509 Address after: Room 609, Block B, 320 Pubin Road, Jiangpu Street, Nanjing City, Jiangsu Province, 210000 Patentee after: Nanjing Pinao Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. Address before: 314512 Second Floor of Building No. 26 Zikai East Road, Shimen Town, Tongxiang City, Jiaxing City, Zhejiang Province Patentee before: Zhejiang Zhiyuan Photoelectric Technology Co., Ltd. |