CN207091409U - A kind of microorganism species step sizing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a continuous screening device for microbial flora, which comprises a culture medium storage device, a feed liquid reaction chamber and a microbial flora collection chamber; The bottom of the chamber is connected to the microbial flora collection chamber through the second hose, and the bottom of the microbial flora collection chamber is equipped with a drain hose; this device is based on the theory of continuous microbial culture, which makes the microbial screening in a dynamic state, which can not only replenish the microorganisms in time and continuously The necessary nutrients can be discharged in time, and some harmful metabolites can be discharged in time to promote the growth and reproduction of microorganisms. Nutrients such as culture medium are used as food for microorganisms to promote the formation of food chains of related microbial flora, and finally quickly screen the target degrading flora to meet the industrial scale. The need for microbial mixed flora screening during chemical production.

Description

A continuous screening device for microbial flora

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of biochemical equipment, and in particular relates to a continuous screening device for microbial flora, which is specifically used for screening microbial flora for transformation of low-rank coal such as lignite and peat, and biomass.

Background technique

Fermentation tanks are widely used in the fermentation of microbial strains, and have the advantages of fast fermentation, cleanliness and large-scale production. The traditional microbial fermentation process is the result of the participation of multiple microorganisms. In long-term experiments and production practices, people have gradually found that a single microorganism often only participates in one or several steps in the biochemical metabolism process, so it can only be inefficient or completely ineffective. The metabolic and catalytic process of fermentation raw materials can be realized, so humans began to re-examine the unique advantages of mixed flora:

(1) The mixed flora has low requirements on raw materials, most of which are natural substrates or waste residues, which are cheap and widely available. For example, the widely carried out research on the fermentation of lignocellulose as the substrate can not only significantly reduce the cost of fermentation, but also benefit the utilization of waste and environmental protection.

(2) The raw materials in the fermentation process of mixed flora often contain a variety of nutrients, and a single microorganism often only uses one or several types of nutrients, while other substances are usually discarded as fermentation waste. Microorganisms in mixed flora usually choose different substrates as nutrients to improve raw material utilization.

(3) The mixed flora can produce different target products through the same or similar process in the same fermentation vessel, making full use of equipment and personnel working time, improving labor efficiency and equipment utilization.

(4) There are often beneficial interactions between the mixed strains of the mixed flora. The related mixed strains learn from each other through their respective metabolic processes, which are beneficial to each other and realize the multi-gene function in fermentation. Through the combination of different metabolic capabilities, complex metabolic functions that are difficult for a single strain can be completed, growth and metabolism can be promoted, and production efficiency can be improved.

(5) The unity formed by the interaction of various microorganisms in the mixed flora produces different metabolites through the metabolism of a certain nutrient. For example, the sauce aroma of Maotai wine is the result of the interaction of various microorganisms. Dozens of compounds, such as esters, organic acids, acetals, etc., have excellent and unique flavors.

(6) Compared with pure-bred fermentation, there is a complex antagonism among the fermentation microorganisms of mixed flora, so it is not easy to be polluted by miscellaneous bacteria. Such as liquor brewing, biogas fermentation, composting fermentation, feed production, etc.

The preparation of distiller's yeast in liquor brewing is a screening process of mixed flora. In the manufacturing process, the molds proliferate first, and their enzymatic activity hydrolyzes the starch into available monosaccharides, which guarantees the nutrition of the molds; the proliferation of the molds The continuous increase of the sugar on the surface of the koji created conditions for the proliferation of yeast, so the peak of yeast proliferation appeared. After a few days of accumulation, the yeast-based proliferation of the parts under the surface of the koji basically ended , the environment inside the koji (anoxic, with mold and yeast metabolic products and thalline autolysate, higher temperature) is more suitable for the reproduction of bacteria, so the peak of bacterial proliferation occurs. The three types of microorganisms, mold, yeast, and bacterial flora, mix and act synergistically. The autolysate and metabolites of the microorganisms that grow in the early stage become the food of the microorganisms that are dominant in the later stage, forming a food chain.

Fermentation is done by microorganisms, so screening good microorganisms is very important. The traditional microbial plate screening method is to select the corresponding obligate solid medium for isolation and screening culture according to the target microorganisms. It is a batch culture method, which is cumbersome and time-consuming. The problem of group screening. At present, it is not possible to construct an artificial mixed flora that can serve the fermentation industry, so that it can reach the best ecological level and exert the greatest effect, which limits the development and application of mixed flora fermentation.

There are certain deficiencies in the existing microbial flora screening devices. The patent (201110324515.3) discloses a screening and domestication method of marine oil pollution microbial flora. The bacterial source samples are obtained from areas where marine oil pollution occurs, and then after one, two, and three generations of enrichment culture, the culture medium is obtained and enriched through screening. And through the first, second and third generations of enrichment culture to obtain enriched culture solution, and then use the designed device, the device consists of a cylinder (11), a partition (3), a right thermometer (4), a left thermometer (5), a manufacturing It consists of a wave device (6), a temperature control device (7) and a lighting device (8). Nutrients are added for domestication treatment to obtain domesticated microbial flora, and the screened flora can be used for oil pollution biodegradation in marine oil pollution accident areas. The patent (201010212119.7) discloses a method for constructing a composite bacterial system for decomposing corn stalks at room temperature, which belongs to the technical field of microbial screening methods. The method comprises the following steps: (1) enrichment culture of flora, (2) preparation of solid medium, (3) nutrient-limited induction culture, (4) gradient cooling induction culture, and (5) obtaining putrefaction culture after subculture. Composite bacterial strain CSS-1 for decomposing corn stalks, the composite bacterial strains screened by this method include bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes. The utility model has the following advantages: it is obtained by screening under the condition of solid culture medium, and its compound bacteria system includes bacteria, fungi and actinomycetes, and has better decomposition effect. Patent (201510205731.4) discloses a device for screening microorganisms in minerals, including an air inlet, an overflow port and a feed port, the air inlet and feed port are located at the lower part of the device, and the overflow port is located at the In the upper part of the device, the fixed bed of the device uses graphite felt as the bed partition, and also discloses a screening method for microorganisms of acidophilic oxidized sulfide ores. At the same time, graphite felt is used as the bed partition, which effectively improves the bacterial culture The air concentration in the solution has the advantages of short screening period, reducing the damage to bacteria caused by friction of mineral particles and high activity of cultured microorganisms.

The device provided by the above patents does not realize the continuous screening of microbial flora, and requires three generations of enrichment culture or subculture on solid medium. The operation process is complicated and the screening cycle is long. It is worth noting that there is a continuous culture method for the growth of microorganisms. Continuous culture is also called open culture. It is a culture method that uses effective measures to keep microorganisms in a certain environment to maintain vigorous growth. According to the growth curve, the consumption of nutrients The accumulation of metabolites and metabolites is the main reason for the cessation of microbial growth. Therefore, it is the basic principle to realize the continuous culture of microorganisms to continuously supplement nutrients and remove cultures at the same rate during the microorganism culture process. Based on this principle, we have established a mixed flora screening device to connect a large number of microbial groups existing in the target environment into the specific culture conditions set manually, and set different fermentation raw materials, microbial sources, culture temperature, and oxygen supply according to different purposes. conditions and medium pH. In the state of continuous flow of nutrients in the medium, the microorganisms suitable for the growth of the conditions are multiplied in large numbers, surpassing other microorganisms in number, and forming a dominant bacterial group. At the same time, microorganisms beneficial to the flora can also grow, and finally a stable and efficient mixed flora fermentation microbial system is established.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the cumbersome and time-consuming operation of microbial solid medium plate screening in the prior art, the complicated operation process of microbial flora screening, and the long screening period, the utility model provides a continuous screening device for microbial flora, which can realize mixed bacteria The continuous screening of the group makes the microbial screening in a dynamic state, which can continuously supplement the nutrients needed by the microorganisms in a timely manner, and can timely discharge some harmful metabolites, improve the living conditions of the microorganisms, facilitate the growth and reproduction of the microorganisms, and significantly shorten the time of the mixed flora. Screening time.

The technical scheme that the utility model solves its technical problem adopts is:

A continuous screening device for microbial flora, the device includes a culture medium storage, a feed liquid reaction chamber and a microbial flora collection chamber; the bottom of the culture medium storage is connected to the feed liquid reaction chamber through a first hose, the The bottom of the feed liquid reaction chamber is connected to the microbial flora collection chamber through the second hose, and the bottom of the microbial flora collection chamber is provided with a drain hose; the culture medium storage medium is stored through the first hose Entering the feed liquid reaction chamber, the culture medium without carbon source undergoes metabolic reaction with the added microbial source and fermentation raw material in the feed liquid reaction chamber, and the surviving microbial flora with fermentation raw materials as carbon source is obtained, and the flora passes through The second hose enters the microbial flora collection chamber; the device can realize the liquid flow of the culture medium, make the microbial screening in a dynamic state, and can timely and continuously supplement the nutrients required by the microorganisms; in the utility model, for the first time, the material The liquid reaction chamber and the microbial flora collection chamber are separated. In the existing reports and related patents, there is no relevant report on the continuous screening of microorganisms in the medium flow state. The dripping liquid medium is in the liquid reaction chamber A metabolic reaction occurs, the fittest survives, the unfit dies and decomposes, and remains in the feed liquid reaction chamber. The screened flora enters the microbial flora collection chamber along with the liquid medium.

An exhaust hose is arranged under the culture medium storage to ensure that the culture medium inside the culture medium storage can flow smoothly through the whole system.

The first hose is provided with a flow regulator. According to the actual situation of the experiment, the experimenter can adjust the flow in real time through the flow regulator to control the supply of the culture medium, so as to achieve the purpose of controlling the growth of the flora; The first hose below the regulator is provided with a feeding hose, through which the experimenter can add different fermentation raw materials and microbial sources, so as to achieve the purpose of preparing different flora.

The diameter ratio of the first hose to the second hose is (4-2): 1. The applicant obtained this ratio through a large number of experiments. Through this design, the pressure of the feed-liquid reaction chamber can be increased to change the microorganism The osmotic pressure of growth and development can promote the entry of nutrients into microbial cells, and can also slow down the flow rate of the medium, prolong the metabolic reaction time of microorganisms in the feed liquid reaction chamber, and achieve better experimental results.

The bottom of the microbial flora collection chamber is provided with a porous medium adsorption carrier and a filter membrane, and the porous medium adsorption carrier and the filter membrane are combined to allow the microbial flora to be adsorbed and collected to achieve the purpose of microbial flora screening.

Preferably, in the inside of the feed-liquid reaction chamber, the top of the second hose extends upward for a certain distance through the inside of the feed-liquid reaction chamber. The experimental effect is designed in such a way that in the feed liquid reaction chamber, the medium and the fermentation raw materials have enough time to fully undergo metabolic reactions to obtain the corresponding target flora, and the flora enters the microbial flora collection chamber through the second hose middle.

Preferably, the discharge hose is provided with a discharge regulator, through which the metabolic waste in the microbial flora collection chamber is controlled to flow out along with the culture medium depleted of nutrients.

Preferably, the porous medium adsorption carrier is one of polyurethane foam, activated carbon, biochar and vermiculite.

Preferably, the filter membrane is one of semipermeable membrane, microfiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, nanofiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane.

Preferably, a hook ring is provided in the middle of the upper end of the medium storage container, through which the medium storage container can be hung up conveniently, so that the medium can flow down along the hose due to gravity.

Preferably, the feeding hose is provided with a latex cap, and the latex cap is one of sealing or dense mesh.

The utility model has the advantages of:

(1) The device realizes the continuous screening of microbial flora. Based on the theory of continuous microbial cultivation, the nutrients in the culture medium are used as the food for the microorganisms, and the fermentation raw materials are used as the carbon source for the screening of the microorganisms. The culture conditions are controlled to promote the formation of the food chain of the relevant microbial flora. , and finally quickly screen the target degrading bacteria group to complete the microbial transformation of low-rank coal and biomass.

(2) The device flows the culture medium liquid so that the microbial screening is in a dynamic state, which can timely and continuously supplement the nutrients needed by the microorganisms, and can discharge some harmful metabolites in time, effectively improving the living conditions of the microorganisms and promoting the growth of the microbial flora Reproduction significantly simplifies the operation process, shortens the screening time of mixed flora, and meets the needs of microbial flora screening in large-scale industrial production.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:

Example 1:

A continuous screening device for microbial flora, the device includes a culture medium storage 10, a feed liquid reaction chamber 11 and a microbial flora collection chamber 12; the bottom of the culture medium storage 10 is connected to the material through a first hose 13 Liquid reaction chamber 11, the bottom of the feed-liquid reaction chamber 11 is connected to the microbial flora collection chamber 12 through the second hose 14, and the bottom of the microbial flora collection chamber 12 is provided with a drain hose 15; 10 Store the culture medium, the culture medium enters the feed liquid reaction chamber 11 through the first hose 13, and the culture medium undergoes a metabolic reaction with the added substances in the feed liquid reaction chamber 14 to obtain the corresponding flora, and the flora passes through the second soft The pipe 14 enters the microbial flora collection chamber 12; this device can realize the liquid flow of the culture medium, make the microbial screening in a dynamic state, and can continuously supplement the nutrients required by the microorganisms in time.

Example 2:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to ensure the smooth flow of liquid in the whole device, the utility model is provided with an exhaust hose 16 under the culture medium storage 10, and other parts are identical to Embodiment 1.

Example 3:

On the basis of Example 1, in order to facilitate the experimenters to adjust the flow in real time and add materials to the device, the first hose 13 is provided with a flow regulator 17, and the first hose 17 below the flow regulator 17 The hose 13 is provided with a feeding hose 18, and the other parts are identical to those of Embodiment 1.

Example 4:

On the basis of Example 1, in order to improve the pressure of the feed liquid reaction chamber, the utility model changes the osmotic pressure of microbial growth and development, promotes nutrients to enter the microbial cells, slows down the medium flow rate, and prolongs the microbial metabolic reaction time in the feed liquid reaction chamber , the diameter ratio of the first hose 13 to the second hose 14 is (4-2):1, and the other parts are exactly the same as in Embodiment 1.

Example 5:

On the basis of Example 1, in order to achieve the purpose of microbial flora screening, the utility model is provided with a porous medium adsorption carrier 19 and a filter membrane 20 under the inside of the microbial flora collection chamber 12, and the other parts are completely the same as in Example 1. same.

Embodiment 6:

On the basis of Example 1, in the feed liquid reaction chamber, the medium and the fermentation raw materials have enough time for metabolic reactions to occur in the utility model to produce corresponding flora. Inside the feed liquid reaction chamber, The top end of the second hose extends upward for a certain distance through the interior of the feed-liquid reaction chamber.

Embodiment 7:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, in order to control the discharge of waste liquid in the microbial flora collection chamber, the utility model is provided with a discharge regulator 21 on the drain hose 15, and the other parts are identical to Embodiment 1.

Embodiment 8:

On the basis of embodiment 1, in order to make the microbial flora be adsorbed and collected, the utility model reaches the purpose of microbial flora screening, and the described porous medium adsorption carrier 19 is polyurethane foam, activated carbon, biochar and vermiculite. One, the filter membrane 20 is one of semi-permeable membrane, microfiltration membrane, ultrafiltration membrane, nanofiltration membrane and reverse osmosis membrane, and other parts are completely the same as in embodiment 1.

Embodiment 9:

On the basis of Example 1, the utility model hangs the whole device conveniently to realize the flow of culture medium from top to bottom. 1 is exactly the same.

Example 10:

On the basis of Embodiment 1, latex cap 23 is arranged on the feeding hose 18 described in the utility model, and latex cap 23 is a kind of sealing or dense mesh, and other parts are completely the same as Embodiment 1.

An experimental process is enumerated below to further illustrate the utility model, but the protection scope of the utility model is not limited to the following scope.

Medium 5.0g peptone, 5.0g NaCl, 2.0g CaCO ₃ , 1.0g yeast powder are dissolved in 1L of water, the pH is natural, poured into the medium storage 10, after high temperature sterilization, with the help of the medium storage 10 above The provided hook ring 22 hangs the device in a biochemical incubator with a set culture temperature of 28°C, and an exhaust hose 16 is provided below to communicate with the air, and the flow regulator 17 is adjusted to slow down the medium in the medium storage. Slowly dripping, flowing down along the first hose 13, the first hose 13 is provided with a feed hose 18, by means of the feed hose 18, 5.0g of powdered fermentation raw material corn stalks and 10.0mL of microbial source Liquid activated sludge is poured in, and there is a sealed latex cap 23 on the feed hose 18. The end of the feed hose 18 is provided with a feed liquid reaction chamber 11, 5.0g of powdered fermentation raw material straw, and 10.0mL of liquid microbial source The activated sludge and the dripping liquid medium undergo a metabolic reaction in the feed liquid reaction chamber 11, the fittest survive and the unfit are eliminated, and the microbial flora capable of degrading corn stalks is gradually formed. The pipe 14 enters the microbial flora collection chamber 12, where the microbial flora grows and reproduces and expands in number. The bottom of the microbial flora collection chamber 12 is provided with a porous media adsorption carrier 19 and a filter membrane 20, so that the microbial flora is adsorbed and collected. , adjust the discharge regulator 21 provided below, so that the medium rich in metabolic waste is discharged through the discharge hose 15, and the above process is repeated until the end of the microbial flora screening process for identification.

Finally, it should be noted that obviously, the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples for clearly illustrating the utility model, rather than limiting the implementation manner. For those of ordinary skill in the art, other changes or changes in different forms can be made on the basis of the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to exhaustively list all the implementation manners here. And the obvious changes or changes derived therefrom are still within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of microorganism species step sizing device, it is characterised in that it is anti-that described device includes culture medium holder, feed liquid Answer room and microorganism species collecting chamber；Described culture medium holder bottom connects feed liquid reative cell by the first flexible pipe, described Feed liquid reative cell bottom by the second flexible pipe connect microorganism species collecting chamber, described microorganism species collecting chamber bottom is set It is equipped with discharge opeing flexible pipe；

Exhaust hose is provided with below described culture medium holder；

It is provided with flow regulator on the first described flexible pipe, it is soft that charging is provided with the first flexible pipe below flow regulator Pipe；

The first described flexible pipe and the diameter ratio of the second flexible pipe are (4-2)：1；

Described microorganism species collecting chamber lower inside is provided with Porous Medium Adsorption carrier and filter membrane.

A kind of 2. microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described feed liquid reative cell Inside, the second flexible pipe top pass through and upwardly extend a segment distance inside feed liquid reative cell.

3. a kind of microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that on described discharge opeing flexible pipe It is provided with tapping adjuster.

4. a kind of microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described porous media is inhaled Appendix body is one kind in polyurethane foam, activated carbon, charcoal and vermiculite.

5. a kind of microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described filter membrane is semi-transparent One kind in film, microfiltration membranes, milipore filter, NF membrane and reverse osmosis membrane.

A kind of 6. microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described culture medium storage Device upper center is provided with hook ring.

7. a kind of microorganism species step sizing device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that in described feed hose Latex cap is provided with, latex cap is one kind in sealing or densely covered mesh.